2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一二

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2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读二十二

Selective universities appear not to increase inequality名牌大学并不会加剧教育的不平等So the evidence from France and Finland suggests法国和芬兰的证据足以证明A mong the gilets jaunes on French streets last month were students protesting against the way the government is changing the university admissions system from one that admits pretty much everybody to one in which there is a modicum of selectivity.上个月法国街头爆发了一场“黄背心运动”，参与其中的学生们抗议政府对大学录取制度的改变：从以前的几乎人人都可以读大学，到现在的增加了些许选择性。

Objectors complain that the changes are inegalitarian.But figures from the OECD,a rich-country club,show that some of the most equal countries in Europe have the most selective systems,and vice versa.反对者抱怨称，，这样的改变有失公平。

但是，世界经合组织（一个富国俱乐部）的数据显示，欧洲一些最平等的国家有着最挑剔的招生制度，反之亦然（那些不平等的国家才有着宽松的政策）。

Finland’s tertiary education system is one of the most selective in Europe.芬兰有着欧洲最挑剔的高等教育体系，只有三分之一的大学申请者会被录取。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读十二

Berlin’s brave bikers柏林勇敢的骑行者The German capital wants drivers to stop killing cyclists德国首都希望司机不再杀害骑行者If the streets are safer,more people will pedal如果路上可以更安全，更多的人会选择骑车出行T eddybears,candles and flowers are piled up around a white-painted bike on the side of the road.This is a memorial to an eight-year-old boy who died after being hit by a truck while cycling with his mother to school.路边一辆白色自行车旁摆着一些泰迪熊、蜡烛和鲜花。

这是为了追悼一名8岁的小男孩，他是在和母亲骑车上学的途中被一辆卡车撞死的。

These white“ghost bikes”are dotted around Berlin at spots where cyclists have perished.In2018nearly one cyclist a month died on the roads of Germany’s capital.这些白色的“幽灵自行车”分布在柏林街头各个骑行者的身亡之处。

2018年，平均每个月约有一名骑行者死在德国首都的街头。

Berlin’s state government,a three-way Social-Democrat,Green and Left Party coalition,is promising a“transport revolution”to reduce the number of road deaths to zero.柏林州政府（一个由社会民主党、绿党和左翼党组成的三方联合政府）承诺要进行一场“交通革命”，将道路死亡人数降为零。

2019考研英语二阅读理解text1、text2真题答案及解析是什么

2019考研英语二阅读理解text1、text2真题答案及解析是什么2019考研已经结束，相信很多考生在考研英语二印象最深的就是阅读理解，这次阅读理解text1、text2的答案是什么呢?下面让我们一起来看看这篇2019考研英语二阅读理解text1、text2真题答案及解析是什么?2019考研英语二阅读理解text1真题答案及解析是什么21. [C] foster a child’s moral development22. [B] burdensome23. [D] an emotion can play opposing roles24. [B] can result from either sympahty or guilt25. [D] wrongdoings解析：21. 根据题干Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help______.内容定位到第一段最后一句This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing. 由最后一句的this指代词，可知原因在第一段的前几句，根据第一句Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. 和第二句Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences. 可知内疚不是天生的，而是和一个孩子的道德规范有关，是通过后天学习获得的。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二三

Why an“Uber for tailors”is gaining ground in Lagos“裁缝优步”为何能在拉各斯发展起来？“Rich and poor,everyone has a tailor here,”says Olajire Omikunle,a couturier for Nigeria’s powerful.So great is the appeal of a well-cut outfit in Lagos,Nigeria’s commercial centre,that roadside stitchers rove the streets armed with their sewing machines and clicking their large scissors to drum up customers.尼日利亚颇具影响力的服装设计师奥拉吉尔·奥米昆勒说：“无论贫富，这里的每个人都有自己的裁缝。

”在尼日利亚的商业中心拉各斯，一套剪裁考究的服装如此具有吸引力，以至于街头裁缝们会带着他们的缝纫机在街道上来回穿梭，并拿着大剪刀咔嚓咔嚓地招揽着顾客。

David Peterside,a local entrepreneur,hopes to capitalise on this sartorial obsession with a new app that is being dubbed an“Uber for tailors”.Fashion Map allows natty Nigerians to find a suitmaker at the press of a button.当地企业家戴维·彼得赛德希望借着人们对服装的痴迷，开发一款名为“裁缝优步”的新应用。

整洁时髦尼日利亚人只需按下一个按钮，便能在时尚地图上找到一位裁缝。

It may be a perfect fit for Africa’s most populous country.Nigeria has a fast-growing base of smartphone users and“over100,000registered tailors”,says Otunba Wasiu Taiwo of the Nigeria Union of Tailors.“We are still counting.”该应用或许非常适合这个非洲人口最多的国家。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二九

A night at the museum在博物馆住上一晚Some building works threaten Turkish antiquities.Others save them有些建筑工程会对土耳其的遗迹造成威胁，而另一些则可以起保护作用A hotel in Antakya shows how economic development and archaeology can be combined安塔基亚的一家酒店向人们展示了经济建设是如何与考古学相结合的It was2009and Antakya,a city in southern Turkey known in antiquity as Antioch, was thriving.Tourists were visiting it in record numbers.Trade with neighbouring Syria was booming.2009年，土耳其南部城市安塔基亚（古称安提阿）正在飞速发展。

前去参观的游客人数创下了历史新高，与邻国叙利亚的贸易也是一片繁荣。

Sensing an opportunity,Necmi Asfuroglu,a local businessman,decided to build an upmarket hotel on land that he had owned since the1990s.The plot was only a few hundred metres from the Grotto of St Peter,one of the world’s oldest churches.当地商人内克米·阿斯福罗格鲁嗅到了商机，他决定在他自上世纪90年代就拥有的土地上建造一家高档酒店。

他的这块地距圣彼得石窟（世界上最古老的的教堂之一）不过几百米的距离。

Before construction could start,a team of archaeologists was called in to examine the site.They excavated a broken amphora here,a statue there,and almost everywhere colourful mosaic pieces,spread across an area of some17,000 square metres.在开始动工前，一队考古学家被召集前来对现场进行勘察。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二六

Defending Switzerland’s coffee stockpile捍卫瑞士的咖啡储备If disaster strikes,the Swiss want to be caffeinated当灾难来袭时，瑞士人需要咖啡因To defend their independence the Swiss have mountains,conscription and a fierce sense of self-reliance.They also have a vast stockpile of food, medicine,animal feed and cooking oil,which they have maintained since the1920s.This makes sieges easier to withstand,but costs a fortune.瑞士人靠着山脉、兵役制度和强烈的自力更生精神捍卫着国家的主权独立。

自上世纪20年代以来，瑞士一直保持着大量的食品、药品、动物饲料和食用油储备。

这使得瑞士更容易抵御敌人的围攻，但这同时代价不菲。

So in April the Federal Office for National Economic Supply announced a plan to trim it a little.In future,it suggested,it would no longer pay for a huge emergency supply of coffee.This wonderful drink,it claimed,is not “vital for life”.因此，今年4月，瑞士联邦国家经济供应办公室宣布了一项略微削减开支的计划。

它表示，今后将废除紧急物资储备中的咖啡储备。

理由则是，这种美味的饮品并不是“攸关生死的”。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二四

Neanderthals had a propensity for earache,nudging them to their doom易患耳疾将尼安德特人推向了灭亡A new analysis of their skulls points to an anatomical problem一项对头颅的新研究指出了一个生理构造缺陷The last neanderthals vanished from Earth about40,000years ago.Exactly what drove them to extinction,however,remains a mystery,with their disappearance variously attributed to anything from climate change to inferior cognitive abilities or even cannibalism.在大约4万年前，最后一批尼安德特人消失在地球上。

但究竟是什么导致了他们的灭亡，至今仍是一个谜，关于他们灭亡原因有着各种各样的猜想，从气候变化到认知能力低下，再到同类相食。

Anthony Pagano,a medical researcher at Seton Hall University in New Jersey,has a new explanation.He thinks Neanderthals might have been unusually prone to severe ear infections,which left them struggling to compete against their Homo sapiens cousins.新泽西州西顿霍尔大学的医学研究员安东尼·帕加诺给出了一个新的解释。

他认为尼安德特人或许非常容易患上严重的耳部感染，这使得他们很难与智人相互竞争。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三一

Alibaba sold$38.4bn of merchandise this Singles’Day这个双十一，阿里巴巴创造了384亿美元的销售额The world’s biggest online shopping frenzy这是一场全球最大的在线购物狂欢In1993A group of male students at Nanjing University in China decided to celebrate their singledom.The annual date would be November11th, comprised of four lonely1s.1993年，中国南京大学的一群男生决定选个日子庆祝他们的单身生活。

于是他们便定在了每年的11月11日，这一天是由四个孤独的“1”组成的。

The story may be apocryphal.But since2009Alibaba,China’s e-commerce giant,has turned Singles’Day into a very real shopping frenzy.It has long since eclipsed America’s Black Friday and Cyber Monday online sales combined.这个故事或许是虚构的。

但自2009年以来，中国电子商务巨头阿里巴巴就已经将光棍节打造成了一场真正的购物狂欢。

其销售额早已超过了美国的黑色星期五和网络星期一在线销售额的总和。

This year Taylor Swift performed at the countdown.In the next24hours Alibaba sold$38.4bn-worth of petitors like and Pinduoduo have piled in.泰勒·斯威夫特（霉霉）甚至都参加了今年的天猫双十一晚会。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一一

The legal cannabis market shrank in California last year去年，加州的合法大麻市场在萎缩Harbourside Cannabis in Oakland is a modern-day temple to the delights and possibilities of the botanical marvel that is the plant Cannabis sativa. Around the airy shop move a well-heeled clientele.They browse among offerings ranging from cannabis-infused chocolate to sparkling water and vape pens.奥克兰的哈伯赛德大麻公司是一座可供寻求快乐和见识到大麻种植奇观的现代庙宇。

一群有钱人在通透的大麻商店里来来往往。

他们浏览着从大麻巧克力到大麻起泡水和大麻电子烟等各式各样的大麻商品。

California was the first state to allow sales of medical cannabis in1996, and Harbourside one of the first shops in America to sell pot legally.Since January last year,the firm has also been able to sell pot for purely recreational purposes.1996年，加州成为美国首个允许销售医用大麻的州，哈伯赛德也是美国首批合法销售大麻的商店之一。

自去年1月以来，哈伯赛德也能销售纯娱乐用途的大麻了。

Thanks to its large number of“medical”users,California’s is the largest legal cannabis market in the world.But since the legalisation of adult sales, that market has been shrinking.得益于大批的“医疗”用户，加州成为了全球最大的合法大麻市场。

2019考研英语经济学人阅读1(英语学习).doc

2019考研英语经济学人阅读1（英语学习）联合国严厉制裁朝鲜The European Union announced that it will provide700m ($760m) in aid to accommodate migrants incountries overwhelmed by the refugee crisis. Most ofthe money is expected to go to Greece. AngelaMerkel, Germany’s chancellor, scolded Austria andother countries for clamping down on refugeearrivals, and vowed not to abandon Greece.欧盟宣布将向深陷难民危机的国家提供7亿欧元(7.6亿美元)的难民安置援助。

该援助的一大部分将给希腊。

德国总理安吉拉·默克尔(Angela Merkel)谴责奥地利等国家抵制难民入境的行为，并承诺不会放弃对希腊的援助。

The leader of Spain’s Socialist Party, Pedro Sánchez, failed in his first attempt to form aminority government with the upstart centrist Ciudadanos party. Both the centre-right PopularParty and the far-left Podemos party voted against the proposed coalition in parliament. If MrSánchez fails again in a second vote planned for March 4th, the caretaker government willprobably call new elections.西班牙工人社会党( Socialist Party)领导人彼得罗·桑切斯(Pedro Sánchez)与新兴中立公民党(Ciudadanos party)首次尝试组建少数党政府，但最终以失败告终。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二七

Why eating bugs is so popular in Congo刚果人为什么这么爱吃虫子？The creepy superfood is rich in protein and magnesium这种让人毛骨悚然的超级食物富含蛋白质和镁At a market in Goma,a city in the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo,an old woman pulls the wings off live grasshoppers and tosses their wriggling bodies into a bucket.She collected the insects from the airport at5am that morning,and will go back the next day.Grasshopper season has just begun.在刚果民主共和国东部城市戈马的一个市场上，一位老妇人将活蚱蜢的翅膀扯下来，然后把它们扭动的身体丢进桶里。

早上5点，她便去机场捉蚱蜢，直到第二天才回来。

蚱蜢繁殖的季节才刚刚开始。

Throughout November dozens of grasshopper-hunters gather at Goma airport most mornings.It is one of the few buildings in the city with constant electricity,and the lights that mark the runway attract swarms of the bug.整个11月，几乎每天都有几十个蚱蜢猎人聚集在戈马机场。

戈马机场是整个城市为数不多的几个持续供电的建筑之一，飞机跑道上的灯光吸引了成群结队的蚱蜢。

People stuff them into plastic bottles to take to market.Buyers season them with salt and eat them with rice or cassava.他们捉住蚱蜢塞进塑料瓶，然后拿到市场上去卖。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二十

Wealth taxes have moved up the political agenda征收财富税已经被提上了政治议程Some economists are reconsidering their aversion to levies on large fortunes一些经济学家正在转变他们对向巨额财富征税的反感态度Five years ago Thomas Piketty’s“Capital in the Twenty-First Century”, a weighty analysis of rising inequality,flew off shelves and ignited fiery debate.Fans and detractors alike tended to agree on one thing,at least: its proposal to fix inequality—a tax on wealth—was a dud.五年前，托马斯·皮凯蒂撰写的《21世纪的资本》（一本对日益加剧的不平等现象进行了深入分析的著作）一经上架便引发了激烈的辩论。

支持者和反对者至少在一件事上达成了一致：书中所提出的解决不平等问题的提议（征收财富税）是没用的。

A half-decade later the mood has shifted.Several candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination promise to tax wealth;Bernie Sanders recently announced a plan to tax fortunes of more than$32m at1%per year,and those larger than$10bn at8%.五年后的今天，人们的态度发生了转变。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二八

Why people should leave the countryside为什么人们要离开农村Quitting a village and heading for the slums makes people richer离开村庄前往城市的贫民窟会让人们更富有In Weicheng,A village in Hebei province,a group of friends are tucking into duck,broccoli and dumplings,flavoured with raw garlic and lubricated with baijiu liquor.It is the Chinese new year,and migrant workers have come home to see their families.在河北省的魏城村，几位好友正吃着鸭肉、西兰花和饺子，他们嚼着生蒜调味、喝着白酒润喉。

这正是中国的农历新年，外出务工的农民工纷纷回家探亲。

Nationwide,some3bn journeys were undertaken during the holiday season this year,making it the biggest mass migration ever;though next year’s will doubtless be even bigger.今年春节期间，全国旅客运输量高达30亿人次，这也成为中国有史以来最大规模的一次人口迁移；当然，明年的规模毫无疑问将更大。

Suddenly a loud phone interrupts.Two men pop outside to take the call. When they come back,they both have new jobs:a three-month contract on a building site in Taiyuan,a city neither man has visited before.突如其来的一通来电打断了饭局。

考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练2019122102

How the world’s old printing presses are being brought back to life 如何让世界上的旧印刷机重获新生Digital printing almost wiped out the world’s letterpresses40years ago,but the art refuses to die40年前，数字印刷的出现几乎消灭了世界上所有的凸版印刷，但它仍作为一种艺术形式留存于世In2005Peter Koch,a book artist,and Susan Filter,a paper conservator, decided that there was an appetite for a fine-printing show on America’s west coast.In2019Codex,their biennial fair,had240exhibitors.In2015, $1.4m-worth of work was sold at the fair;in2017,that rose to$2.3m. Books on show,says Ms Filter,sell for anything from$10to$50,000.2005年，书籍艺术家彼得·科赫和纸张保护主义者苏珊·菲尔特决定在美国西海岸举办一场精品印刷展。

到了2019年，在他们两年一度的展会上已有240家参展商。

2015年的展会售出了价值140万美元的作品；而到了2017年，这一数字已经上升至230万美元。

菲尔特称，展出的书籍售价从10美元到5万美元不等。

This is not the first time that old printing techniques have been reborn.In the late19th century William Morris,a reactionary socialist aghast at the effects of the Industrial Revolution,founded the Kelmscott Press to revive the skill of hand-printing,spawning a movement that thrived in the early 20th century.这并非传统印刷技术的第一次重生。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二一

Japan’s state-owned version of Tinder日本官方版TinderLocal authorities are setting up matchmaking websites to pair their residents with lonely-hearts in the cities政府当局创办相亲网站，为当地居民牵线搭桥Even after years of attending match-making parties,a professional in Tokyo explains,she has not found any suitable marriage prospects.“I’m tired of going to these events and not meeting anyone,”she gripes.东京一名职场人士表示，虽然参加了多年的相亲会，但她仍然没有找到合适的结婚对象。

她抱怨道：“我对参加这些活动感到厌倦了，却没有遇见一个合适的人。

”So she has decided to expand her pool of prospective partners by looking for love outside the capital.To that end she has filled out an online profile detailing her name,job,hobbies and even weight on a match-making site that pairs up single urbanites with people from rural areas.因此，她决定将她寻找伴侣的范围扩大到首都之外。

为此，她在一个为城市和农村的单身人士配对的婚配网站上填写了一份个人资料，详细描述了自己的姓名、工作、爱好，甚至体重。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二五

Don’t panic about e-cigarettes不必对电子烟恐慌Banning them all will cause far more harm than good全面禁令将会弊大于利“It’s time to stop vaping,”says Lee Norman,a health official in Kansas. Six people are dead in America,apparently from smoking e-cigarettes. More than450have contracted a serious lung disease.So Mr Norman’s advice sounds reasonable.堪萨斯州的卫生官员诺曼·李说：“是时候禁止吸食电子烟了。

”美国已有6人明显死于吸食电子烟。

超过450人因吸食电子烟而患上了严重的肺病。

因此，诺曼的建议似乎合情合理。

The Centres for Disease Control and the American Medical Association agree:the country’s11m vapers should quit.A new idea is circulating,that vaping is worse than smoking.On September11th the Trump administration said it intends to ban non-tobacco flavoured vaping fluid.Some politicians want a broader ban on all e-cigarettes.美国疾病预防控制中心和美国医学会一致认为：美国1100万电子烟民应该戒烟。

如今大家普遍认为，电子烟的危害比传统香烟更大。

9月11日，特朗普政府表示将计划禁止非烟草味的电子烟烟液。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一三

Congo’s enormous rainforest is getting smaller刚果幅员辽阔的雨林正在变小Jagged,charred tree stumps jut out of blackened earth in what was once part of the rainforest in the Democratic Republic of Congo.One man, Rafael,standing amid the devastation,reckons he has set fire to around 40sections of the forest near the city of Bandundu in the past two months.一个个锯齿状烧焦的树桩矗立在一片焦黑的土地上，这里曾经是刚果民主共和国热带雨林的一部分。

一个名叫拉斐尔的男子站在这片废墟上，他估计自己在过去两个月里已经纵火烧毁了班顿杜市附近的40片森林了。

He bags the scorched wood and flogs it as charcoal in the capital, Kinshasa,some250km away.Most of the city’s12m residents,unable to afford gas or electric ovens,rely on charcoal for cooking.他把烧焦的木头打包好，然后运至250公里外的首都金沙萨并将其作为木炭进行售卖。

这座城市1200万居民中的大多数人都用不起燃气或电炉，只能烧木炭来做饭。

The Congo basin rainforest is the second biggest tropical forest in the world,after the Amazon.It stretches across six central African countries (though more than half its trees are in Congo).Its absorbent peatlands hold the equivalent of three years’worth of global carbon emissions,mitigating global warming.刚果盆地雨林是世界上仅次于亚马逊雨林的第二大热带雨林。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二二

Lilies tweak their fruit and seeds to ensure their propagation百合对其果实和种子进行改造，以确保其繁殖Spit it out把种子吐出来African bush lilies are demanding plants.To thrive,they need dappled shade—for they are sensitive to full sunlight—and well-drained soil.They are therefore patchily distributed,growing only in microclimates where these conditions pertain.非洲灌木百合是一种对生长环境有着严苛要求的植物。

为了能够茁壮生长，它们需要斑驳的树荫（它们对充足的阳光很敏感）和排水良好的土壤。

因此，它们往往散落分布，仅在这些条件适宜的小气候中生长。

That means their seeds are likely to do best if they germinate near the plant that bore them.Too near,though,and they will compete with that parent for resources.这意味着，这些种子如果在播种它们的植物附近将会生长的最好。

但是，如果靠的太近将会和它们的母代植物争夺资源。

Somehow,a way needs to be arranged for seeds to be carried the optimum distance from their parental plants.And Ian Kiepiel and Steven Johnson at the University of KwaZulu-Natal,in South Africa,think they know how it happens.于是乎，需要通过某种途径让种子和母代植物保持最佳的距离。

2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一零

Vanquishing the virus攻克病毒Africa is on the verge of being declared polio-free非洲即将宣布消灭脊髓灰质炎病毒Health workers overcame violence and conspiracy theories卫生工作者克服了暴力和阴谋论的困难Eradicating Polio is hard.It is even harder when politicians and imams fan the conspiracy theory that the polio vaccine is part of a Western plot to sterilise Muslims,as happened for several years in northern Nigeria.想要消灭脊髓灰质炎很难。

而当政治家和部落领袖们煽动着阴谋论（他们宣称脊髓灰质炎疫苗是西方消灭穆斯林阴谋的一部分，正如尼日利亚北部多年来发生的那样）时，就更是难上加难了。

So in2015Nigeria’s president,Muhammadu Buhari,decided to set an example.He gave the vaccine to one of his grandchildren on television, before rallying politicians and tribal leaders to join the campaign.因此，在2015年，尼日利亚总统穆罕默杜·布哈里决定树立一个榜样。

他在电视上给他的孙子接种了脊髓灰质炎疫苗，随后召集政客和部落领袖们加入这场运动。

His efforts,and those of hundreds of thousands of volunteers,have paid off.On August21st Nigeria marked three years since its last documented case of wild polio.That means the country is set to be declared polio-freeby the World Health Organisation-backed Global Polio Eradication Initiative.他和成千上万名志愿者的努力最终得到了回报。

考研时文阅读二选自《经济学人》

考研时文阅读二选自《经济学人》AMID the hubbub over a few less-bad-than-expected statistics, America’s economic debate has turned to the nature of the recovery. Optimists expect a vigorous rebound as confidence returns, pent-up demand is unleashed and massive government stimulus takes effect. Most observers, including this newspaper, are bracing for a long slog, as debt-laden consumers rebuild their savings, output growth remains weak and unemployment continues to rise. There is, however, something that eventually will have a much bigger impact on Americans’ prosperity than the slope of the recovery. That is the effect of the crisis on America’s potential rate of growth itself.在对一些比预期稍好的数据的聒噪中，对美国经济的争论倒向了恢复的一边。

乐观人士预计在信心回稳、抑制的需求得到释放以及政府大规模刺激方案取得成效的情况下，经济会有力的反弹。

包括本报在内的多数观察家则认为慢慢前路仍充满艰险，因为深陷债务泥潭的消费者在重新建立他们的储蓄，出口增长依然疲软而且未就业人数继续上升。