上海市建平中学2019届高三4月质量检测英语试题
2019-2020年高三4月质量检测英语试题含答案
2019-2020年高三4月质量检测英语试题含答案注意事项：答案必须写在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，本试卷满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共115分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有1个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman refuse the man’s offer?A．She has been to the market.B．She doesn’t like vegetables.C．She wants to go to the market herself.2. What can we learn from the conversation?A．The snowstorm is getting weaker.B．The speakers may have a lot of snow.C．The woman has cancelled her trip to Iowa.3. What does the man advise the woman to do?A．Put ice on her hand.B．See a doctor right now.C．Avoid using her hand for a while.4. What will the woman do first?A．Paint the walls. B．Clean the windows. C．Clean the floor.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A．At a museum. B．At the Customs. C．At a gallery.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
建平中学2019届高三英语期中测试
建平中学2019届高三英语期中测试2018.11第I卷（共100分）Ⅰ. Listening (略)II. Grammar & vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Last year, a report by a committee of education experts said that a lot of American students cannot write well. The report noted the concerns of business leaders and teachers. The experts said that more students should have to pass a writing test (21) they can finish high school. They pointed out that major college entrance tests are changing now (22) (include) a writing part.Educators know that teaching students to write well is not easy. One problem is the amount of time needed to read through large amounts of work. So some companies (23)（develop）computer programs that can grade student writing much more quickly than a person can. Writing tests can also cost (24) (little) to carry out by computer than paper-and-pencil. These computer systems ,known as e-readers, use artificial (人工的) intelligence to think in a way(25) teachers. For two years, both a computer and humans graded the student writing. Officials say there was almost no difference between the computer grades and (26)given by the human readers.The entrance test commonly (27)(use) by business schools, the GMAT, already uses e-readers. The GRE and TOEFL tests might start; officials are deciding.Systems (28)(use) to grade writing in college classes as well. The computers read a few hundred examples of student writing already graded by humans. Then the systems compare new writings against those already examined.Some teachers say machines can never do the job as well as people can. A computer can find spelling and grammar mistakes. But these teachers say it can never really understand (29)a writer is trying to say. Critics say a program cannot follow a thought or judge humor or understand a beautifully expressed idea.But inventors of the programs say computer grading guarantees that each piece of writing is graded in the same way. They also say the systems (30) (mean) to judge knowledge more than creativity.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word choose from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that is one word than you need.A.controlledB. unconsciouslyC. flowedD. yieldsE. typicalF. accumulatedG.peculiar H. properties I. pyramid J. distinct K. logicalBotany, the study of plants, occupies a(an) 31.__________ position in the history of human knowledge. We don’t know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must extremely ancient. This is 32.__________ . Plants are the basis of the food 33.__________ for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, eyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognized accurately hundreds of plants and know many 34.__________ of each. To them, botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less 35.__________ our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes 36.__________ on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer 37.__________ the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them 38.__________ the marvel of agriculture; cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the 39.__________ production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the 40.__________ knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relationship with plants in the wild would begin fade away.II . ReadingSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Scientists in Norway have more good news for coffee drinkers. Researchers have already found evidence that the drink or the beans can help with weight loss, (41) one’s risk of developing s ome disease, promote muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers, and can even reduce one’s risk of premature death, among many other (42).Now comes word that a cup of (43) reduces physical pain.The surprising finding is (44) a study involving 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90 minutes performing fake computer tasks meant to finish office work. The tasks were known to (45) pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wrists. The researchers wanted to (46)how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated the tasks. As a matter of convenience, the scientists allowed people to drink coffee before taking the test “to avoid (47) effects of caffeine deprivation, e.g. decreased vigor and alertness, sleepiness, and fatigue,” they reported.But when it came time to analyze the da ta, the researchers from Norway’s National Institute of Occupational Health and Oslo University Hospital noticed that the 19 people who drank coffee reported a lower (48) of pain than the 29 people who didn’t. In the shoulders and neck, (49) , the average pain was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for the no coffee drinkers. Similar gaps were found for all pain sites measured, and coffee's apparent pain-reduction effect (50).The authors of the study, which was published this week in the journal BMC Research Notes, warn that the results of the study come with many (51). For starters, the researchers don’t know how much coffee the coffee-drinkers drank before taking the computer tests. (52) , they doubt that the coffee drinkers and abstainers were (53) in all respects except for their coffee consumption. Problems like these tend to (54) the importance of the findings. But those doubt are (55) to trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reason not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit.41.A. takeB. reduceC. increaseD. face4 2. A. profits B. advises C. benefits D.promotions43.A. milkB. waterC. cokeD. coffee4 4. A. based on B. fond of C.different from D.qualifiedfor45.A. causeB. endureC. easeD. relieve46.A. warnB. compareC. cureD. treat47.A. unpleasantB. modestC. significantD. positive4 8. A. tendency B. intention C. intensity D.extension4 9. A. on the contrary B. as a result C. for instance D. in oneword50.A. turned upB. took upC. put upD. gave up5 1. A. satisfaction B. uncertainties C. consequences D.qualifications5 2. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D.Nevertheless5 A. contemporary B. similar C. different D. initial3.54.A. realizeB. attachC. demonstrateD. weaken5 5. A. unlikely B. sensible C. jealous D.miserableSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Everyone gathered around and Paddy read out loud, slowly, his tone growing sadder and sadder. The little headline said: BOXER RECEIVES LIFF SENTENCE.Frank Cleary, aged 26, professional boxer, was today found guilty of the murder of Albert Gumming, aged 32, laborer, last July. The jury reached its decision after only ten minutes, recommending the most severe punishment to the court. It was, said the Judge, a simple case. Cumming and Cleary had quarreled violently at the Harbour Hotel on July 23rd and police saw Cleary kicking at the head of the unconscious Gumming. When arrested, Cleary was drunk but clear-thinking．Cleary was sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labour. Asked if he had anything to say, Cleary answered, "Just don’t tell my mother."" It happened over three years ago," Paddy said helplessly. No one answered him or moved, for no one knew what to do. "Just don’t tell my mother," said Fee numbly. "And no one did! Oh, God! My poor, poor Frank!"Paddy wiped the tears from his face and said. "Fee, pack your things. We’ll go to see him."She half-rose before sinking back, her eyes in her small white face stared as if dead. "I can’t go," she said without a hint of pain, yet making everyone feel that the pain was there. "It would kill him to see me. I know him so well—his pride, his ambition. Let him bear the shame alone, it’s what he wants. We’ve got to help him keep his secr et. What good will it do him to see us?"Paddy was still weeping, not for Frank, but for the life which had gone from Fee’s face, for the dying in her eyes. Frank had always brought bitterness and misfortune, always stood between Fee and himself. He was the cause of her withdrawal from his heart and the hearts of his children. Every time it looked as if there might be happiness for Fee, Frank look it away. But Paddy’s love for her was as deep and impossible to wipe out as hers was for Frank.So he said, "We ll, Fee, we won’t go. But we must make sure he is taken care of. How about if I write to Father Jones and ask him to look out for Frank?"There was no excitement in the eyes, but a faint pink stole into her cheeks." Yes, Paddy, do that. Only make sure he k nows not to tell Frank we found out. Perhaps it would ease Frank to think for certain that we don’t know."56. Paddy cried because he thought ______．A．Frank did kill someone and deserved the punishmentB．Frank should have told Fee what had happenedC．what had happened to Frank was killing FeeD．Frank had always been a man of bad moral character57. The underlined sentence "She half-rose before sinking back…" in Paragraph 6 shows that .A．Fee was so heart-broken that she could hardly stand upB．Fee didn’t want to upset Paddy by visiting FrankC．Fee couldn’t leave her family to go to see FrankD．Fee struggled between wanting to see Frank and respecting his wish58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The jury and the judge agreed on the Boxer’s Sentenc e of Life Imprisonment.B. The police found Gumming unconscious, heavily struck by Frank.C. The family didn’t find out what had happened to Frank until 3 years later.D. Frank didn’t want his family to know the sentence to him, most probably out of his pr ide.59. What is Frank and Paddy’s probable relationship with Fee?A. Frank is Fee’s son and Paddy is Fee’s brother.B. Frank is Fee’s son and Paddy is Fee’s husband.C. Frank is Fee’s brother and Paddy is Fee’s lover.D. Frank is Fee’s lover and Paddy is Fee’s husband.(B)Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre and Exhibition TourOverviewShakespeare's Globe Exhibition is the world's largest exhibition devoted to Shakespeare. Located beneath the reconstructed Globe Theatre on London's Bankside, the exhibition explores the remarkable story of the Globe, and brings Shakespeare's world to life using a range of interactive displays and live demonstrations.Highlights●Tour the reconstructed Globe Theatre and see how plays were staged in Shakespeare's day●All-day access to the interactive Globe Exhibition●Actors, recordings and interactive displays bring Shakespeare's world to lifeScheduleApril 23 to October 99:00am to 5:00pm. On Monday, tours run all day. Tuesday to Saturday, last tour departs at 12:30pm and at 11:30am on Sunday due to performances taking place on these days.October 10 to March 3110:00am to 5:00pm.Important noteRehearsals will also take place throughout the Theatre Season. Please note that access to the Globe Theatre may be restricted and there may be occasions when the Globe tours are unable to run. When the Globe tours are not available, Rose or Bankside tours can be offered instead.Additional info●Inclusions: Entrance fee and all day access to ExhibitionGuided tour of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre (maximum 50 people)●Exclusions: Hotel pickup and drop offFood and drinks, unless specifiedPricingClick the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible --- we 100% guarantee it.VIEW PRICING AND AVAILABILITY60. The passage can be found ___________.A. in a newspaperB. in a magazineC. on the InternetD. in a guidebook61. In this Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour, we can _________.A. visit the original Globe TheatreB. enjoy a British afternoon tea for freeC. experience Shakespeare’s world in an interactive wayD. visit the exhibition in the Globe Theatre62. What is true about the tour according to the passage?A. Rehearsals may affect the tour.B. The pricing remains the same.C. Performances take place throughout the year.D. The opening hours are the same in May and in November.(C)The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing—Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detail ed web of its users’ friendships and social lives．Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through．Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be．What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power．But it is clumsy. For one thing, itis very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power．But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them．The users of their services are not their customers．That would be the people who buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies．The product they’re selling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield．Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spamm ers out of our inboxes. It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit．63. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its____ .A . digital productser informationC.physical assetsD.quality service64. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may____ .A. worsen political disputesB. mess up customer recordsC. pose a risk to Facebook usersD. mislead the European commission65. Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because____ .A. they are not defined as customersB. they are not financially reliableC. the services are generally digitalD. the services are paid for by advertisers66. The author use the metaphor of the ants in the last paragraph to illustrate____ .A. a win-win business model between digital giantsB. a typical competition pattern among digital giantsC. the benefits provided for digital giants ’customersD. the relationship between digital giants and their usersSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.You might wonder what one conscious portion of rice could do for your whole body.B.Americans are lucky to be exposed to lower levels of arsenic.C.This poisonous element is in a wide range of food---including fruits, vegetables and grains.D.Until more studies are done, curb your consumption of arsenic.E.Brown rice appears to be the most effective whole grain for the healthy growth of human beings, but its darker color can easily absorb too much arsenic.F.Brown rice tends to have more arsenic because the metal concentrates in the outer layers, which are burnished off in white rice.We Americans ingest an average of 25 pounds of rice a year---and a portion of that comes from drinking beer. Yes, rice is a sample in our diet. But is it a safe one ? Consumer Reports recently found “troubling” levels of inorganic arsenic, a known human carcinogen (a substance which can cause cancer), in almost every rice-containing food it tested. ________67________. But rice takes up arsenic from soil and water more readily than other grains do.Health-conscious consumes rely on brown rice, which has even more arsenic. In the Consumer Reports test, a quarter cup of uncooked white rice had from 4 to 10 micrograms. Why the difference? ________68________.What about rice cakes? They contained from 2 to 8 micrograms per serving, while hot and ready-to-eat rice cereals had 2 to 7 micrograms. These levels are at least five times higher than those found in other cereals, such as oatmeal.Studies show that people exposed to large amounts of arsenic for many years are more likely to die of cancer. In Bangladesh, people who drank tap water that contained 50 to 149 micrograms of arsenic per liter for 20 or 30 years, for example, were 44 percent more likely to die of cancer. ________69________ (The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency limits the total amount of arsenic in drinking water to 10 micrograms per liter.) But our total risk is unclear. There isn’t enough data to set a limit on inorganic arsenic in food, says the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science.The Bottom Line. ________70________ Consumer Reports recommends that adults eat no more than 11to 22cups of cooked (brown or white) rice a week. And here is a way to lessen risk: Rinse your rice, cook it in six parts water to one part rice until it reaches eating texture, and then pour off the extra water. This can remove about half the arsenic. IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The benefits of having a higher education are manifold（多样的）and range from financial to cultural and from common benefits to some unexpected surprises, below you will find a number of reasons which will help to serve as justification for a higher education.For many high school students, it is hard to imagine what the long term benefits of a college education might be. College is demanding; the work seems challenging, and meeting all new people seems overwhelming. However, what most young people do not realize is that there is a high likelihood at college that you will find new friends with similar interests and values, You may find yourself developing new interests by getting along with those who have completely different life experiences. As opportunity to get to know your professors can also be counted one of the benefits of having a college education. These intellectuals can be counted on to welcome questions and discussion from students. Therefore, one of the key benefits of a college education is the social bonds created and developed during this unique time in a person’s life.Besides, the fact that you’ll be building a career for the rest of your life is reason enough to make time for a college education. Indeed, a clear benefit of a college education is that not only will it give you time to better know your likes and dislikes before entering the labor force, it will also enhance the likelihood of a more successful career for you. Many young people are uncertain about a career path at the start of college. This is a time of exploration, and taking the time to explore a variety of college majors is time well spent.One more justification for higher education could be that its best way to enhance yourself in an all-round way. Getting a good education may be the most important price you can pay for your personal advancement, because perhaps more than anything else, what you do with that huge gray material between your ears will determine your future. You never know where your talent could reach. So higher education can provide you can with the chance to realize your personal value.Therefore never undervalue the benefits of entering a higher education, which surely will bring you something beyond expectation.第II卷（共100分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.他排了好几个小时的队才买到这个新出的iPhone。
2019-2020学年上海市建平世纪中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市建平世纪中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People FedYuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator, known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.Yuan graduated from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage sweptChina, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. He then began a lifelong connection with rice.Yuan succeeded in growing the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu (about 0.067 hectares), rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuan’s team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.InChina, where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people, the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57 % of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam, thePhilippinesandMadagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the country’s rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan’s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwestChina’sQinghaiProvince. The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams — to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice couldbe grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.1. What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?A. A serious food shortage.B. Agriculture development.C. His interest in the rice experiment.D. His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.2. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping ________.A. developed a variety of hybrid riceB. worked as a scientist after graduationC. started to grow seawater rice inDubaiin 2017D. grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 19533. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longping’s most outstanding qualities are________.A. modest and outgoingB. honest and creativeC. generous and optimisticD. responsible and devotedBGlobal food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method,by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.4. What is the best title of this passage?A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the FutureC. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their HandsD. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields5. The character of the extensive farming is ________.A. very cost-effectiveB. to produce more crops per acreC. at cost of more new land to produce more foodD. very environmentally friendly6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farmingB. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farmingC. the intensive farming needs less food producersD. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems7. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.A. poorer nationsB. the effects of extensive farmingC. wealthy nationsD.future food demandCWhy doesHaitiso tend to have fatal earthquakes? Earthquakes have been causing huge damage inHaitisince at least the 18th century. The capital city has been destroyed twice in 19 years. The 21st century has beenno morekind.The Earth’s outer shell is made tip of tectonic plates (构造板块) that move.Haitisits near the crossing of two tectonic plaits that make up the Earth’s outer shell. Earthquakes can occur when those plates move against each other and create friction (摩擦力).Haitiis also overpopulated. Plus, many of its buildings are designed to resist hurricanes but not earthquakes. Those buildings can survive strong winds bat are easy to fail down when the ground shrikes. Poor building practices can also play arole.“I think it’s important to recognize that there’s no such thing as a natural disaster,” said Wendy Bohon, a geologist. “What you have is a natural disaster that comes with a weak architecture system. We do know that earthquakes like this can cause huge damage because ofthefault,” said Wendy. “And it’s quite a significant risk in places that don’t have the construction practices to resist the shaking.”Construction of more earthquake-resistant buildings remains a challenge inHaiti, which is the poorest nation in theWestern Hemisphere. “While there have been some success stories of Haitians building more earthquake-resistant structures, the country has lacked a centralized effort to do so,” said Mark Schuller, a professor of anthropology and nonprofit and NGO studies atNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’s government has become increasingly weak, while non-governmental organizations only focus on their own projects.“There is technical knowledge inHaiti, There are trained architects. There are cityplanners. That’s not the problem,” Schuller said. “The problem is a lack of funding for coordination (协调), and lack of political will from donors to organizations providing aid.”8. Which factor causing the huge damage is highlighted?A. Its overpopulation.B. Its weak government.C. Its geographical location.D. Its weak architecture system.9. What does the underlined part “the fault” in paragraph 4 refer to?A Lacking political will to provide aid.B. Lacking hurricane-resistant; buildings.C. Lacking earthquake-resistant buildings.D. Sitting on the crossing of two tectonic plates.10. What’s Schuller’s attitude towardsHaiti’s government?A Supportive. B. Critical.C. Indifferent.D. Interested.11. Which of the following can be a problem according tothe last paragraph?A. Fund and will.B. Skilled architects.C. Urban designers.D. Technology and money.DThe world's largest iceberg is floating toward South Georgia in the southernAtlantic Ocean. Scientists fear the iceberg could crash into the island and block major feeding areas for a large population of penguins and seals. If the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies.The huge iceberg is named A68a. It broke away fromAntarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf in 2017. Satellite images show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is estimated to be about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer per hour and is on a path to hitSouth Georgiain around 30 days.This is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. The distance that parents have to travel to find food is crucial. That means they have to go a lot further or go around the iceberg to find sources of food.Ecologists say an iceberg crash would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts, it would also release large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill（磷虾）populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. The iceberg could remain for up to 10 years and change the area's whole ecosystem. These are globally significant populations of these species. If these species fail in this particular area, then the numbers globally are going to go down quite dramatically.Professor Geraint Tarling, an ecologist at the British Antarctic Survey, said, "The breaking off of icebergs fromAntarcticais a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we're seeing with models and some observations now is that this is happening at an increasing rate. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future."12. Why are the scientists worried about the coming iceberg crash?A. It will bring extremely cold weather.B. It will destroy the feeding areas of the animals.C. It will put wildlife on the island at risk of starving.D. It will prevent animals from moving to other places.13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The characteristic of the iceberg.B. The importance of the iceberg.C. The traveling speed of the iceberg.D. The forming process of the iceberg.14. What damage can an iceberg crash bring according to paragraph 4?A. Using up much fresh water.B. Polluting the surrounding farms.C. Changing the world's ecosystem.D. Affecting the number of certain species.15. How does Tarling think of the breaking off of icebergs fromAntarctica?A. It may slow down in the near future.B. It may become common in the future.C. It has a great influence on the climate.D. It helps scientists conduct a sea study.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期英语试卷(25页)
2019-2020学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三下学期英语试卷I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Stanford Earth professor Jon Payne puts modern extinctions in context (21)_________ comparing them with Earth's five previous mass extinctions."We've found that extinction threat in the modern oceans is very strongly associated with larger body size," said Jonathan Payne, at Stanford's School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences. "This is most likely due to people (22)_________(target) larger species for consumption first."In a new study, (23)_________ (publish) in the Sept. 16 issue of the journal Science, Payne and his colleagues examined the association between extinction threat level and ecological traits (24)_________ _________ body size for two major groups of marine animals -- mollusks and vertebrates -- over the past 500 years and compared it with the ancient past,(25)________(stretch) as far back as 445 million years ago and with a particular emphasis on the most recent 66 million years."We used the fossil record to show, in a concrete, convincing way, that (26) _________ is happening in the modern oceans is really different from what has happened in the past," said study co-author Noel Heim, a postdoctoral researcher in Payne's lab.Specifically, the authors found that the modern era is unique in the extent (27)_________ creatures with larger body sizes are being preferentially targeted for extinction. "What our analysis shows is that for every factor of 10 increase in body mass, the odds of (28)_________(threaten) by extinction go up by a factor of 13 or so," Payne said. "The bigger you are, (29)_________(likely) you are to be facingextinction."The selective extinction of large-bodied animals (30)_________have serious consequences for the health of marine ecosystems, the scientists say, because they tend to be at the tops of food webs and their movements through the water column and the seafloor help cycle nutrients through the oceans.【答案】21. by 22. targeting 23. published 24. such as 25. stretching26. what 27. because 28. being threatened 29. more likely 30. may【重难点词汇和短语解析】1. Mass extinction - n. 大规模灭绝，大量消亡2. Be associated with - prep. 与...联系起来，与...有关3. Consumption - n. 消费，消耗，吃，喝4. Ecological trait - n. 生态属性/特性5. Marine - adj. 海洋的，海运的6. Mollusk - n. 无脊椎动物7. Vertebrate - n. 脊椎动物8. Fossil - n. 化石9. Concrete - adj. 具体的，实物的10. Postdoctoral - adj. 博士后的11. In the extent - prep. 在...程度上12. Preferentially - adv. 优先地，优惠地13. Body mass - n. 体质量14. Odds - n. 几率，胜算，可能性15. Selective - adj. 选择的16. Ecosystem - n. 生态系统17. Food webs - n. 食物网络18. Column - n. 柱状物，专栏【试题解析】21题考查状从中介词的搭配，这里空格后面是动名词comparing，前面put 发出一个动作，因此是方式状语，“通过比较...和...”，因此填by.22题考查括号中动词的正确形式，主语是people，此处表示主动应该填现在分词，而本句的时态是一般现在时，因此填targeting.23题考查定语从句，主语是a new study，publish作后置定语，加之后面有过去的时间限制，因此填published表示过去完成。
上海市建平中学2019届高三英语4月质量检测试题(含解析)
上海市建平中学2019届高三英语4月质量检测试题（含解析）I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Does City Living Hurt Mental Health?People often move to cities ___1___ better jobs and more cultural activities. But are they putting ___2___ at risk? Maybe.Experts at the American Psychiatry Association say that “natural environments or green spaces” do much for good our mental health and ___3___ (experience) nature helps people recover from the mental tiredness that comes from day-to-day work.On the other hand, ___4___ they cannot say exactly why, mental health experts say some research suggests that city living might hurt our mental health.Andrea Mechelli is a doctor with the Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College, London. “Ther e have been studies ___5___ people were taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment, and their symptoms would improve. And we also see that the greater the city the greater the risk.”Kings College researchers, along with city planners and land and building designers hoped ___6___ (learn) more about city living and mental illness. So, they created a smartphone app called Urban Mind. They say they wanted to understand ___7___ different parts of the urban environment affect mental wellbeing.The Urban Mind app ___8___ your experience of city living in the moment. Researchers collected real time information from 108 people, who answered just over 3,000 questions during a one-week period.The researchers found that being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature ___9___(associate) with higher levelsof mental well-being.They also found that these seeming effects of nature were especially strong in those individuals at greater risk of mental health problems.The Urban Mind Project team says it hopes “the results will inform future urban planning and social policy ___10___(intend) to improve design and health.”【答案】1. for 2. themselves3. experiencing4. though/although5. where6. to learn7. how 8. measures9. were associated10. intended【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History. Here is a list of some of the year’s biggest blockbusters so far.Kong: Skull IslandA reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching. With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year’s biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17Beauty and the BeastDirector Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love. With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast, the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17The Fate of the FuriousThere was doubt that we’d even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker’s character was given at the end of Furious 7. Fans thought they’d never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17Spider-Man: HomecomingSpider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time. The movie will show us Peter Parker’s high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War. We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/171.Which of the following movies can’t you see on May Day?A.Kong: Skull Island.B.Beauty and the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man: Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel StudiosC.It’ll show us Peter Parker’s school days.D.It’ll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.BThe common use of Google Maps, a navigation(导航) app on smartphones, raises the age-old question we meet with any technology:What skills are we losing? But also, crucially: What capabilities are we gaining?People who are good at finding their way around or good at using paper maps usually experience lots of confusion with digital maps. For example, they may mess up the direction of north and south, and you can see only a small section at a time. But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me. Despite being a frequent traveler, I’m so terrible at finding my way that I still use Google Maps almost every day in the small town where I have lived for many years. What seems unnecessary to some has been a significant expansion of my own capabilities.Part of the problem is that reading paper maps requires a specific skill set. There is nothing natural about them. In many developed nations, street names and house numbers are meaningful, and instructions such as “go north for three blocks and then west” usually make sense. In Istanbul, in contrast, where I grew up, none of those hold true. For one thing, the locals rarely use street names, and house numbers often aren’tsequentialeither because after buildings 1, 2 and 3 were built, someone squeezed in another house between 1 and 2, and now that’s 4. But then 5 will maybe get built after 3, and 6 will be between 2 and 3. Besides, the city is full of winding and ancient streets that meet with newer ones. Therefore, instructions as simple as “go north” would require a helicopter. I got lost all the time.But since I used Google Maps, I travel with a lot more confidence, and my world has opened up. And because I go to more places more confidently, I believe my native navigation skills have somewhat improved, too.That brings me back to my original question: while we often lose some skills after seeking convenience fromtechnology, this new setup may also allow us to expand our capabilities and do something more confidently. Maybe when technology closes a door, we should also look for the doors it opens.4. How does the author feel about Google Maps?A Confusing. B. Unnecessary. C. Complicated. D. Helpful.5. Which contributes to the difficulty of finding ways in Istanbul?A. Strange street names.B. Ordinary paper maps.C. Complex road arrangements.D. Lack of road instructions.6. What does the underlined word “sequential” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. In a fixed order.B. In good condition.C. Of great importance.D. Of the same kind.7. What column of a newspaper may this passage belong to?A. Fashion.B. Opinion.C. Society.D. Geography.CI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThough online ordering is popular in the UK today，handson experience still attracts many buyers' attention.Oxford StreetLondon is a shoppers' paradise，and most visitors head for Oxford Street.Halfway along is Selfridges，one of the world's first department stores where the architecture and window dressing impress you even before you go in.There are at least four other major stores on this street，plus Europe's largest music shop.In December the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmaslights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.Kensington High StreetA fashionable area for shopping is Kensington High Street.One of its department stores even has a roof garden—good for relaxing between purchases.There's also an organic food superstore.Borough MarketYou can't visit London without going to a supermarketOne of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames.Get off the underground at London Bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls，bakeries，and fruit and vegetable sellers.You can also buy specialities to take away，like cheeses，pork pies，mustard and chutney.More places for bargainsPortobello Road Market on a Saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collector's items.It's a shortwalk from the underground station at Notting Hill Gate and you never know what you will find.For clothes，Camden Market is the place.It gets a little crowded at the weekends，though.Convent Garden Market offers great experience for the simple pleasure of looking at jewelry and gifts.1.Oxford Street becomes special in December for ________.A.the wonderful window dressingB.the Europe's largest music shopC.the lights lighted by a famous personD.many bargains to choose from2.To enjoy food，you can goto ________.A.Camden MarketB.Borough MarketC.Kensington High StreetD.Portobello Road Market3.Where is this passage probably taken from?AA science book. B.A traveler's journal.C.A news report.D.A trip guide.BIn Australia, plenty of wild things can bite or sting(刺伤) you. Strangely enough, one of them is a tree. Now scientists have figured out what makes the tree’s sting so bad.The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging tree known as Dendrocnide. Many people callit the gympie-gympie tree—a name given to the tree by native Australians. It’s covered with sharp, needle-like hairs that carry poison. If you touch a gympie-gympie tree, you won’t forget it anytime soon. The pain can stay with you for hours, days or weeks. In some cases, it’s been reported to stay for months.Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting. Now researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful. After carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees, the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce. This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals, which they call “gympietides”. Sure enough, when the scientists injected mice with gympietides, the mice licked(舔) at the places where they’d been injected, indicating that they hurt in those places. When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built, they found that they formed a knot-like shape. The shape makes the chemicals very stable, which helps explain why the pain stays so long.The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails. The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all using similar poisons. Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures. It’s not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.Though the tree’s sting may stop some animals from eating it, it doesn’t stop all animals. Beetles and pademelons (small s of the kangaroo) are able to eat the plant without trouble.4. Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable?A. Because it has so unusual an appearance.B. Because it is extremely rare in existence.C. Because touching it creates a quite strange feeling.D. Because the pain caused by it doesn’t go away quickly.5. What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree?A. How it produces poisons.B. What poisons it produces.C. How it benefits from the sting.D. The consequences of its sting.6. What does the text imply about the stinging tree?A. It produces the same poisons as spiders.B. Poisonous as it is, it also has natural enemies.C. Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.D. Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.7. What’s the best title for the text?A. Scientists Discover Stinging Tree's SecretB. Caution: Stinging Tree Can Bite and Poison YouC. Scientists Discover a Strange Species in AustraliaD. Effective Ways to Avoid Being Hurt by Stinging TreeCThe relationship between humans and the Amazon Rainforest has not always been a harmonious one. However, recent research suggests that the native peoples ofthe Putumayo region helped to protect the rainforest, leaving it unchanged for 5,000 years. Perhaps humans’ coexisting with nature is possible after all.The study, published in PNAS, looked at soil samples in the Putumayo region of the Amazon in Peru to find how humans influenced the land. The researchers found that the trees still growing in the region today have been growing there for the last 5,000 years — evidence that the area has not been home to cities and farmland in that time. Traces of charcoal(木炭) found in the, soil, however, indicate that people did live there; they just did so in a way that had minimum influence on their environment.To come to these conclusions the team dug a 0.6-0.9 meter deep column into the ground, taking samples of soilfrom different heights along the column. Back in the lab, samples were carbon- dated to determine their age and then sorted under a microscope to look for microscopic mineral particles, known as phytoliths (植硅体). Phytoliths are essential evidence of plants— they remained in the soil thousands of years after the plant died. So researchers can use them to tell which plants have grown in an area in the past.Over 5,000 years’ worth of samples, no species loss was detected. These findings suggest that contrary tocommon belief, the Amazon is not untouched by humans, but rather has been protected by them for thousands of years. The management of the rainforest by native peoples appears to have been vital in preserving its biodiversity and will continue to be important in the fight to prevent it from acollapse.As Nigel Pitman, a co-author on the paper, said: “Since this particular forest is still being protected by native peoples, I hope this study reminds us all how important it is to support their work.”8. How did native peoples deal with the rainforest in the region of Putumayo?A. They always destroyed the rainforest.B. They had a side effect on the rainforest.C. They never lived in the area of the forest.D. They had been in harmony with the forest.9. What did the researchers try to find in the Amazon forest in Peru?A. The diversity of the plants in the rainforest.B. The evidence of human influence on the forest.C. The nutrition of the soil samples in the rainforest.D. The survival age of growing trees in the rainforest.10. What does the underlined word “collapse” mean in Paragraph 4?A. Sudden decrease.B. Bad management.C. Poor preservation.D. Over development.11. What can be inferred from Nigel Pitman's words?A. Native peoples should protectthe rainforest.B. We should help protect the Amazon Rainforest.C. More science research should be done on rainforest.D We should make good use of the Amazon Rainforest.DThursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.AfterRussia, theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandare all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, anincredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?“The first thing you realize is that theArctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter sinks.Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.12. Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?A. To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.B. To show its advanced technology of submarines.C. To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.D. To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area.13. What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?A. Making a comparison.B. Serving as a connecting link.C. Analyzing the cause and effect.D. Drawing the conclusion of the text.14. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.B. Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen.C. Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.D. Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. What makes theArcticattractive?B. Why do many nations focus on theArctic?C. Why is there so much oil in theArctic?D. How does theArcticBasincome into being?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市建平世纪中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市建平世纪中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AVienna Concerts 2021Every day, one to three dozen Vienna concerts are staged. You can use this checklist to find a fantastic Vienna concert that is worth its money.Vienna Chamber OrchestraThe Vienna Chamber Orchestra has existed for more than 70 years. The international reputation of the Vienna Chamber Orchestra is documented by worldwide tours. The length is 65 minutes.Date: 20th JuneLocation: Minoritenkirehe, Minoritenplatz 1, 1010 ViennaTickets: 30 Euros per adult and free admission for childrenVienna Philharmonic OrchestraIn 2021, famous conductor Gustavo Dudamel will lead the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra. Expect an amazing show with top quality classical music and fireworks. The concert lasts one and a half hours. You have to arrive at least 20 minutes early to find a place to sit.Date: 4th and 5th OctoberLocation: Schonbrunn Palace, palace gardens, in front of Naptune fountain, Schonbrunner Schlossstrasse 47, 1130 Vienna.Tickets: 30 Euros（students, children and senior citizens will receive a 10% discount per ticket）Mozart Piano Sonatas（奏鸣曲）On Saturdays and Sundays, the St. Peter’s church opens its basement to a small group of Mozart fans. In simple but elegant surroundings, international pianists perform Mozart piano sonatas on a Steinway piano. The concerts start in the early evening and last 90 minutes.Date: throughout the yearLocation: St. Peter’s basement, Petersplatz 1, 1010 ViennaTickets: 29 Euros for adults and 16 Euros for children between 8 and 14（children below 8 can enterfor free.）Vivaldi: The Four SeasonsTo point out Vivaldi’s connection to Vienna, the Italian violinist lived in the city for some time, and eventually died there. Closer to where he was buried, the church St. Charles Borromeo regularly stages The Four Seasons, Vivaldi’s main work. The concerts start at 8:15 pm on weekends and last 60 minutes. People can arrive and enter anytime during the performance.Date: throughout the yearLocation: Church St. Charles Borromeo（Karlskirche）, Kreuzherrengase 1, 1040 ViennaTickets: 25 Euros for all ages（free cancellation 24 hours before the event）1.For a couple with their 10-year-old child, which is the cheapest?A.Mozart Piano Sonatas.B.Vienna Chamber Orchestra.C.Vivaldi: The Four Seasons.D.Vienna PhilharmonicOrchestra.2.What do the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra and Mozart Piano Sonatas have in common?A.They last one and a half hours.B.They are held in closed surroundings.C.They offer a discount for students and the aged.D.They are suitable for people who prefer pop music.3.What can we know about the concert—The Four Seasons?A.It forbids people to enter after 8:15 pm.B.It describes Vivaldi’s stories related to Vienna.C.It allows you to return your ticket for free a day in advance.D.It was created by the Church St. Charles Borromeo to memorize Vivaldi.BAccording to the study posted onScienceDirect, gardening just two to three times a week increase the benefits of better well-being as much as possible and lower stress levels.The research explored why residents engaged with gardening and the extent to which they recognized any health benefits from the activity.A questionnaire was handed out electronically within theUK, with 5,766 gardeners and 249 non-gardeners responding. Data was collected on factors including garden typology（类型学）, frequency of gardening and individual awareness of health and well-being."This is the first time the dose response（剂量效应）to gardening has been tested and the evidence from thesurvey strongly suggests that the more frequently you garden, the greaterthe health benefits," said Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) lead author Dr Lauriane Chalmin-Pui. In fact, gardening every day has the same positive impact on well-being than undertaking regular and powerful exercise like cycling or running.When gardening, our brains are pleasantly entertained by nature around us. Gardening takes our attention away from ourselves and our stresses, therefore, it helps restore our minds and reduce unfavorable feelings.Improving health, however, was not the main motive power to garden, but rather the direct pleasure gardening brought to the participants."Gardening is like effortless exercise because it doesn't feel as exhausting and hard as going to the gym, for example, but we canexpendsimilar amounts of energy," Chalmin-Pui added.Most people say they garden for pleasure and enjoyment, so people who like gardening may be easy to be addicted to it. However, this sometimes may become a piece of good news, from the aspect of mental health. "We hope all the millions of new gardeners will be getting their daily gardening and feeling all the better for it. " Chalmin-Pui said in the interview.4. What can be inferred about gardening from the survey?A. Improving health is the aim of the participants.BGardening makes no difference to health.C. Health benefits from frequent gardening.D. Too much gardening always does harm to health.5. What does the underlined word "expend" mean in paragraph 7?A. Consume.B. Make use of.C. Increase.D. Save.6. Why do so many participantslike gardening?A. It isn't exhausting.B. It is good for health.C. It brings pleasure.D. It is like going to the gym.7. What is Chalmin-Pui's attitude to the new gardeners' gardening?A. Carefree.B. SupportiveC. Tolerant.D. Indifferent.CA young female athlete in thePhilippinesrecently won many gold medals during a sports meet despite not having proper running shoes. Rhea Ballos, an 11-year-old student ofSalvationElementary Schoolin Balason,Iloilo, wasonly wearing bandages around her feet when she competed at the Iloilo Schools Sports Meet.Facebook user Valenzuela posted pictures of the girl with her feet wrapped in bandages bearing the famousNike logo. Ballos even wrote the word “NIKE” on the sides of her “shoe” to complete the “Nike running shoes” look. The bandages were tightly wrapped around her feet, creating a thin protective layer against the track. While she was actually barefoot during the races, she was still able to defeat her competitors who all more proper footwear intended for running,According to the post, Ballos bagged the top awards in the 400-meter dash, the 800-meter run, and the 1500-meter run in the girls' categories in the inter school sporting event held in Iloilo, central Philippines.When pictures of her “Nike” footwear become popular, Flipinos on social media praised her. Many noted that instead of falling into self-pity, she was even able to make light of the situation by drawing the Nike logo on her “running shoes”. Some of the commenters of Valenzuela's post expressed how the girl deserved to be recognized by Nike and that the brand should actually give her a new pair of real Nike shoes. Others started getting in touch with the American sports brand, as well as local basketball specialty store Titan 22.It did not take long for Titan co-founder and Alaska Aces head coach Jeffrey Cariaso to take notice of Ballos' outstanding achievement. Cariaso immediately made an effort to get in touch with the young track runner. The seven-time PBA champion has since talked to the student as well as her coaches in an apparent bid to help her out.8. Why did Ballos wear bandages around her feet to compete?A. She couldn't afford to buy shoes.B. She wished to be noticed by Nike.C. She wanted to draw public's attention.D. She thought it fashionable and unique.9. What's people's attitude to Ballos' story?A. Surprised.B. Confused.C. Favorable.D. Doubtful.10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Ballos will be recognized by Nike.B. Ballos will be probably helped by Cariaso.C. Ballos is bound to win more champions.D. Ballos will become a great basketball player.11. Which of the following can best describe Ballos?A. Shy and lucky.B. Kind and brave.C. Clever and outstanding.D. Gifted and optimistic.DDragon boating is a team sport that has its root in ancient China. The boats are decorated with a dragon head and tail. In recent years cancer survivor groups have got involved in the sport to help make friends and help rebuild their lives.On a recent Saturday morning, a group of 20 women were on a boat in the Anacostia River in Washington DC. They moved their paddles(船桨)in rhythm to the call of a coach. The women belong to the dragon boat team GoPink! DC, which trains weekly. It also races against other breast cancer survivor teams in dragon boat festivals. As a result, GoPink! DC won medals in this Washington dragon boat festival.Lydia Collins joined five years ago after finding out she had breast cancer. “I was diagnosed with breast cancer.I was demoralized because of my illness - I lost all interest in life and wouldn't even get out of bed to eat. But now I love the team spirit. I just love everything about it. It is like a floating support group on the water.”The paddles are breast cancer survivors and their supporters. Annette Rothemel helped establish(建立)the group in 2006. She is a researcher with the National Institutes of Health as well as a breast cancer survivor. “It is sort of an easy entry sport because on the same boat people at different levels can be doing the same sport.” But Ms Rothemel saysdragon boating can be physically demanding, especially for someone who is sick and getting treatment for cancer.“It’s hard but I think you have to challenge yourself in life. This is something I look forward to. I get to be out here with my sisters and supporters that understand what I’m going through and help motivate me. So it makes me stronger and it makes me feel better,” another cancer survivor Rhonda Hartzel said.Annette Rothemel says the cancer survivors feel a sense of sisterhood and share good times when they paddle together. She says both feelings are treasured by the team.12. What do the underline wordsdemoralizedIn para.3 probably mean?A. depressedB. anxiousC. astonishedD. awkward13. What can we know about Lydia Collims from the text?A. she helps establish Go Pink !DCB. she tries to find a cure for the cancerC. she benefits from the dragon boat raceD. she gives up hope because of her illness14. How can the dragon boat race help the cancer survivorsA. forget their tough experiencesB. recover physically and mentallyC. get rid of the pains of their cancerD. enjoy their rest life without sufferings15. What does the text tell us about Annette Rothemel?A. she is an expert in studying the cause of the cancerB. she helps the cancer survivors in financial difficultiesC. she believes there is a healthful result from the dragon boat raceD. she thinks it unwise for the patient to join in the dragon boat race第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019届上海市建平中学高三下学期三模英语试题Word版含答案
2019届上海市建平中学高三下学期三模英语试题Word版含答案2019建平中学高三下英语三模I. Listening Comprehension (25%)略II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections:Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There’s a widely-accepted line of thinking, especially in 2019, that says the people and things we love will eventually let us down.It’s never an if, always a when. So our heroes will inevitably turn out to be trash monsters. Our favorite bands will enter an experimental phase, even though no one asked them to. And our favorite TV shows will (21) _______ _______ fail to reach greater heights, but they won’t even come close to the same level of success they once had.It was with this cynical mentality (22) _______ I approached the second season of 2018’s breakout hit Killing Eve. How could a series that was so well written, so well acted, and so fiercely addictive in its freshman season possibly (23) _______ (maintain) the same level of quality in Season 2, especially since Phoebe Waller-Bridge, (24) _______ developed the series for TV and wrote four of the first season’s eight episodes, wasn’t involved in the writing of the second? It seemed like an impossible task.But then a strange thing happened: Killing Eve’s second season, at least the two episodes (25) _______ (screen) in advance for critics, didn’t let me down. The new episodes generated the same amount of joy I experienced (26) _______ I watched Eve (Sandra Oh) and Villanelle (Jodie Comer) dance around each other during the first go-round, only this time the stakes were considerably (27) _______ (high).As Waller-Bridge noted, “Killing Eve is character study on two lives, two women and their circumstances, their homes, their wants, their fears and (28) _______ keeps them from ending it all. It’s just that (29) _______ happens to be an assassin（暗杀者）and the other a spy. If I’ve done my job right, the audience (30) _______ feel equally chilled as they are excited by the determination of these women, their journeys and how drawn they are to one anoth er.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beHow to be a demanding readerThe rules for reading yourself to sleep are easier to follow than are the rules for stayingawake while reading. Get into bed in a comfortable position, make sure the light is __31__ enough to cause a slight eyestrain, choose a book that is either terribly difficult or terribly boring--in any event one that you do not really care whether you read or not --and you will be asleep in a few minutes. Those who are experts in relaxing with a book do not have to wait for __32__. A comfortable chair in the library will do any time.Unfortunately, the rules for keeping awake do not consist indoing just the __33__. It is possible to keep awake while reading in a comfortable chair or even in bed, and people have been known to __34__ their eyes by reading late in light too dim. What kept the famous __35__ readers awake? One thing certainly -- it made a difference to them, a great difference, whether or not they read the book they had in hand.Whether you manage to keep awake or not depends in large part on your goal in reading. If your aim in reading is to profit from it -- to __36__ somehow in mind or spirit -- you have to keep awake. That means reading as actively as possible. It means making an effort -- an effort for which you expect to be __37__.Good books, fiction or nonfiction, deserve such reading. To use a good book as a helper to fall asleep is pure waste. To fall asleep or, what is the same, to let your mind wander during the hours you planned to devote to reading for profit -- that is, __38__ for understanding -- is clearly to defeat your own __39__.But the sad fact is that many people who can distinguish between profit and pleasure -- between understanding, on the one hand, and entertainment or the mere satisfaction of curiosity, on the other hand-- nevertheless __40__ to carry out their reading plans. They can’t make it even if they know which books give which. The reason is that they do not know how to be demanding readers, how to keep their mind on what they are doing by making it do the work without which no profit can be earned.Ⅲ. Reading comprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A window into the futureShortly after its opening on the first day of Chinese New Year, The Wandering Earth began to gain momentum. In a little over a week, it made 2.8 billion yuan in the __41__ market alone. The film’s popularity and success has come as a __42__ to many reviewers especially since there hasn’t been that much success for Chinese-produced science fiction the past. Many agree that this film will change the __43__ situation and bring in a new age for Chinese science fiction.As a genre（类型）, Chinese science fiction has __44__ general fiction in both the film and publishing industries. Even Liu Cixin’s (the author who wrot e the short story on which The Wandering Earth is based) The Three Body Problem--which is currently quite popular -- didn’t havemany readers until it was translated into English and won the Hugo Award（雨果奖）in 2015. __45__, I haven’t read much of any genre written in Chinese, but I do notice that there aren’t many separate sections of the bookstore dedicated to science fiction. I cannot speak for everyone, but some people seem to have __46__ regarding the genre.My parents were the type who tried to steer me in the direction of non-fiction and the classics. They believed that science fiction and fantasy were “unrealistic nonsense” and would “__47__ by brain.” __48__, great science fiction writers do their research. More often than not, one can learn a great deal about science and its possible development from reading science fiction. Sure, some of the concepts may be confusing or technical in nature, but that is also part of the __49__. Things like the internet, electric cars and tablet computers were first theorized in science fiction before they were __50__. The author simply uses a __51__ of science and his imagination to create worlds differentfrom the Earth of today, from which we can get bits and pieces that can be turned into a __52__.The world is changing. There may very well be a time when Earth is no longer able to __53__ the entire population. We could be living on Mars or in giant spaceships; perhaps we will be __54__ to move Earth to a new solar system just like The Wandering Earth. Each of these scenarios（设想）has appeared in science fiction multiple times. __55__ we are to be prepared for what is to come, we can look into modern science fiction for a window into the future.41. A. outdoor B. domestic C. depressed D. global42. A. achievement B. compliment C. surprise D. priority43. A. embarrassing B. extreme C. risky D. complicated44. A. contributed to B. taken over C. made up D. lagged behind45. A. Personally B. Obviously C. Fortunately D. Hopefully46. A. confidence B. ambitions C. suspicions D. misunderstandings47. A. damage B. rot C. form D. swing48. A. In addition B. For instance C. In fact D. As a result49. A. compound B. investigation C. memory D. appeal50. A. imagined B. operated C. restored D. invented51. A. combination B. perspective C. definition D. consequence52. A. mystery B. restriction C. connection D. reality53. A. protect B. sustain C. double D. estimate54. A. willing B. thrilled C. forced D. allowed55. A. Though B. If C. Since D. BeforeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AThe following sad but true talc concerns my great-uncle, a wonderful, jolly, beloved man who was over six feet four and probably weighted close to three hundred pounds. He was also well-educated and in the early 1900s became a full-time baptist minister. A kindly, gentle man despite his size, Uncle Alden Bentley’s only real fault seemed to be that he was terribly clumsy. As a young minister, her was paying a pastoral call one day on a woman in Dillon, South Carolina, when he accidentally sat on her Chihuahua, Twinkie, and killed it. As the lady searched for and called for her dog throughout the house, Uncle Alden felt underneath his hip and, realizing what he had done, panicked and slipped the dead dog into his coat pocket. Although he was devastated, he could not bring himself w tell the woman what had happened.Five years later, he returned to the same home of an overnight visit and resolved to unburden himself by finally telling the woman exactly what had happened to Twinkie. she had just had the guest room prepared and had hung brand-new curtains. To make Uncle feel welcome, she had placed on the bedside table a large pitcher of ice water and a glass, as well as a pen and a bottle of ink, so he could work on his sermon before retiring.Uncle liked to sleep with the window open and got up in the night to open it. As he did, he knocked over what he assumed to be a full glass of water. Then, groping along the walls in an unsuccessful search for the light switch, he retraced his stepsseveral times before raising the window and settling back on the bed for the night. When he opened his eyes the next morning, he was horrified. The fresh wallpaper on two walls was covered with great black stains. The crisp white curtains were thoroughly spoiled with the prints of Uncle’s huge paws. It had not been the water glass he’d overturned during the night -- it had been the ink bottle.In a shaken state of mind and knowing he must face the hostess, Uncle dressed hurriedly and started down the stairs outside the guest room. As he approached the landing, his foot flipped.“Are you hurt?” His hostess cried as she rushed to Uncle’s side.“No,” said Uncle a he rose to his feet, “but I have devastated your home.” With that he quickly walked out the front door and, at the end of the walk, turned and said to his hostess with deep respect, “Twinkie had a Christian burial.”He then retired from the ministry and became a teacher of philosophy for many years at a private preparatory school in Massachusetts.56. What was the job of Uncle Alden when he was visiting the lady’s home?A. A government official.B. A teacher.C. A house agent.D. A churchman.57. what does the underlined word “retiring” mean in the second paragraph?A. giving up workB. pulling backC. going awayD. going to bed58. Which of the following statements about Uncle Alden is TURE?A. He suffered from a guilty conscience after the first visit to the lady’s home.B. His rudeness led to a mess of the guest room during the second visit to the lad y’s home.C. He kept the death of Twinkie as a secret from the hostess all through the two visits.D. His visits to the lady’s home always ended with rage and fury.59. What kind of tone is adopted by the writer in this short story?A. Sympathetic.B. Critical.C. Humorous.D. Indifferent.60. For Mr. & Mrs. Lawrence, a Canadian couple who are considering an overseas package-tour for their honeymoon, which website will they probably visit?A./doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.htmlB. visitGreensboroN/doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe47 33687f21fc80.htmlC./doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.htmlD. Caravan. com61. Which of the following applicants may have the chance of winning a free trip?A. Morgan, a retired Canadian teacher.B. Jennifer, a primary student from Alaska.C. Peter, a salesman on overseas trip to U. S.,D. Lincoln, a senior form Chicage University.62. Which of the following statements is TURE?A. You may get the chance to explore Fairbanks for free by visiting/doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.html .B. You needn’t pay any fees to apply for a free trip via text or/doc/1496c817db38376baf1ffc4ffe473368 7f21fc80.htmlC. Greensboro can be a perfect destination for collectors of artifacts.D. Alaska is not a good choice for those who want to experience urban charmC.Before the age of the smartphone, photographers had to learn how to use high-tech cameras and photographic techniques. Today, with the huge range of camera apps on our smartphones, we’re all good amateur photographers, since the quality of smartphone images now nearly equals that of digital cameras.The new ease of photography has given us a tremendousappetite for capturing the magical and the ordinary. We are obsessed with documenting everyday moments, whether it’s a shot of our breakfast, our cat or the cat’s breakfast. Even photo journalists are experimenting with mobile phones because their near invisibility makes it easier to capture unguarded moments.In the past, magazines published unforgettable photos of important people and global events that captured our imaginations. These photos had the power to change public opinion and even the course of history. But if there are fewer memorable images today, it’s not because there are fewer good images. It’s because there are so many, and no one image gets to be special for long.As people everywhere embrace photography and the media make use of citizen journalists, professional standards appear to be shifting. Before digital images, most people trusted photographs to accurately reflect reality. Today, images can be altered in ways the naked eye might never notice. Photojournalists are trained to accurately represent what they witness. Yet any image can be altered to create an “improved” picture of reality. The average viewer is left with no way to assess theaccuracy of an image except through trust in a news organization or photographer.The question of the accuracy of images gets even trickier when photojournalists start experimenting with camera apps -- like Hipstamatic or Instagram --which encourage the use of filters （滤镜）. Images can be colored, brightened, faded, and scratched to make photographs more artistic, or to give them an antique look. Photographers using camera apps to cover wars and conflicts have created powerful images--but alsocontroversy. Critics worry that antique-looking photographs romanticize war, while distancing us from those who fight in them.Yet photography has always been more subjective than we assume. Each picture is a result of a series of decisions -- where to stand, what lens to use, what to leave in and what to leave out of the frame. Does altering photographs with camera app filters make them less true? There’s something powerful and exciting about the experiment the digital age has forced upon us. These new tools make it easier to tell our own stories -- and they give others the power to do the same. Many members of the media get stuck on the same stories, focusing on elections, governments, wars, and disasters, and in the process, miss out on the less dramatic images of daily life that can be as revealing.Who knows? Our obsession with documentation and constantly being connected could lead to a dramatic change in out way of being. Perhaps we are witnessing the development of a universal isvual language, one that could change the way er relate to each other and the world. Of course, as with any language, there will be those who produce poetry and those who make shopping lists.63. According to the author, there are fewer memorable photographs today because_______.A. the quality of many images is still poorB. there are so many good images these daysC. traditional media refuse to allow amateur photosD. most images are not appealing to a global audience64. The author put the word “improved” in quotation marks in order to _______.A. indicate it’s a word cited fro m another sourceB. stress that the picture of reality is greatly improvedC. draw audience attention to a word worth consideringD. show it’s arguable whether the picture is truly improved65. Which of the statements does the author most likely agree with?A. The daily life pictures are very expressive themselves.B. Photographs of the digital age are more subjective than before.C. Photos altered by filters of camera apps are too subjective to be true.D. Many members of the media value daily life imanges over major social events.66. What my be the best title for the passage?A. Camera Apps Bury AuthenticityB. Photography Redefined: A Visual LanguageC. Smartphone: Killer of Professional PhotographyD. The Shifting Standards of Professional PhotographySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. EachChoosing a brand nameTalk to anyone in the business world and they will tell you that a good advertising campaign can only get you so far. __67__ So how do you do about choosing one?A descriptive business name, for example ‘Pete’s Bakery’, might seem the best solution. It effectively communicates what your business is so it is easy for people to understand what you do. This is especially useful if you are a small business with limited advertising budgets. Another bonus is that this sort of name willbe thrown up in internet searches, so you may get easy additional business.However, descriptive names have some drawbacks. The biggest one is if you later decide to expand your business to other areas. __68__ Another disadvantage is that these generic names can easily be confused with similarly-named competitors--your customers may find them when they were looking for you.An increasing number of companies and freelancers are creating a brand around their own name. Think of Adidas or Kellogg’s --when they set up their companies, Adi Dassler and William Kellogg were unknown but they have been so successful that their names have become world-famous brands. __69__ This strategy demands more marketing and a strong advertising campaign, which can be costly.So how do you go about inventing a name? One method is to use acronyms or abbreviations, for example IKEA(IngvarKamprad Elmtaryd Agunaryd). If you prefer, you can use combined names such as Microsoft (Micro+software). __70__It is well worth taking as long as you need to come up with the name that will suit the business and that you can be proud of.Ⅳ. Summary writingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passagein no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways,researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication -- e-mails, Web posts and reviews, fact-to-face conversations -- found that if tended to be more positive than nega tive, but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? T o test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn. colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed The Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive felling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feeling like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article was, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On.第Ⅳ卷Ⅳ. TranslationsDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 光刷题不反思是没有用处的。
2019届高三四月联考 英语试题和答案
2019 届高三四月质量监测英语试题注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.本试卷共12 页，包含第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共120 分。
考试时间120 分钟。
考试结束后，只要将答题纸交回。
2.答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、学校、考试号用书写黑色字迹的0.5 毫米签字笔填写在答题纸上，并用2B 铅笔把答题纸上考试号对应数字框涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再正确涂写。
3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。
4.答题时，必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5 毫米签字笔写在答题纸上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第I卷（三部分，共85分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20 分）第一节听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What kind of shoes will the woman probably buy?A. Dress shoes.B. Soccer shoes.C. Tennis boots.2.How does the woman sound?A. Relieved.B. Worried.C. Disappointed.3.What does the woman want to do?A.Attend a party.B.Call the Trumps.C.Get Michael’s number.4.What are the speakers talking about?A. The weather.B. Writing skills.C. Weekend plans.5.What is the woman complaining about?A. The busy line.B. The wrong food.C. The late delivery.第二节听下面 5 段对话或独白。
2019届上海市浦东新区建平中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷(PDF版)
2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs． Angela McQueen， a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School， Illinois， has a routine when she's on lunch﹣monitoring duty． She___1___ （keep） an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈） around the school cafeteria．In September 2017， McQueen， then 40， had hardly finished one lap___2___ a 14﹣year ﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun． She knew too well that he was going to start shooting．School employees___3___（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability___4___ （aim）． So with the shooter's finger on the trigger， McQueen rushed to him．___5___（grab）at his arm， she forced the gun into the air， but not___6___ he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another． As students ran for the exits， McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，___7___ disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later． Afterward， McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper． "I don't have kids of my own，but these are still‘___8___' kids．"___9___ McQueen， a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending． "If it hadn't been for her， the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one___10___ （impress） student told CBS News， "Mr． McQueen is our heroine．"【答案】1. keeps2. when3. had been trained4. to aim5. grabbing6. before7. who8. my 9. Thanks to10. impressedSectionB2．Photography is often perceived as an objective， and therefore unbiased， medium for documenting and preserving historic moments and national and world histories， and for visualizing and narrating news stories．But the choices made by a photographer ﹣ including how the image is___11___， what is left in or out of the frame， and how it may be cropped， edited， or otherwise altered after it is taken ﹣ introduce a point﹣of﹣view into the photograph and___12___ impact how we receive and understand images． Such considerations raise critical questions about how willingly we accept any one photograph as a reflection of___13___ truth．Photographs can bear___14___ to history and even serve as catalysts（催化剂）for change． They can foster sympathy and raise awareness or，___15___， offer critical commentary on historical people， places， and events． Throughout the history of the medium， photographers have aimed to capture the essence of events they saw with their own eyes﹣though the question of the trustworthiness of their images is always up for debate．Though Dorothea Lange had been operating a successful portrait studio in San Francisco since 1919，she was moved by the homeless people as the Great Depression began to take its toll， and she started photographing them． These photographs led to her being hired by the federal Farm Security Administration（FSA）， formed to raise awareness of and provide aid to poor farmers．Lange closely identified with the FSA's mission， which was to___16___ the effects of the Depression on Americans， bringing attention to their struggles so that such events would never recur． Due in part to her work with the FSA， Lange became known as a pioneer of documentary photography，a___17___ she disliked because she felt the term did not reflect the passionate social motivations that fueled her work．Dorothea Lange took this photograph Migrant Mother， Nipomo， California in 1936， while employed by the FSA program． In Nipomo， California， Lange came across Florence Owens Thompson and her children in a camp filled with field workers whose livelihoods were devastated by the failure of the pea crops． Recalling her encounter with Thompson years later， she said， "I saw and approached the hungry and desperate mother． I do not remember how I explained my___18___ or my camera to her， but I do remember she asked me no questions． I made five exposures， workingcloser and closer from the same direction．" One photograph from that shoot， now known as Migrant Mother， was widely___19___ to magazines and newspapers and became a symbol of the plight of migrant farm workers during the Great Depression．As Lange described Thompson's situation， "She and her children had been living on frozen vegetables from the field． Yet they could not move on， for she had just sold the tires from the car to buy food．" However，Thompson later___20___ Lange's account． When a reporter interviewed her in the 1970s， she insisted that she and Lange did not speak to each other， nor did she sell the tires of her car． Thompson said that Lange had either confused her for another farmer or embellished（渲染） what she had understood of her situation in order to make a better story．【答案】11. B 12. E13. A 14. F15. C 16. D17. K 18. G19. I 20. JIII.ReadingcomprehensionSectionA3．Vast parts of Earth should be left wildTo avoid mass extinctions of plants and animals， governments should protect a third of the oceans and land by 2030 and half by 2050， with a focus on areas of high biodiversity． So say leading biologists in an editorial in the journal Science．This isn't just about saving biodiverse areas， says Jonathan Baillie of the National Geographic Society，one of the authors． It is also about saving ourselves by protecting___21___ natural systems， or ecosystems，and their benefits to us， known as ecosystem services． "We are learning that the large areas that remain are important for providing services for all life． The forests， for example， are___22___ for absorbing and storing carbon，" says Baillie．At present， just 3.6 per cent of the planet's oceans and 14.7 per cent of land is protected by law． At the 2010 Nagoya Conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity， governments agreed to protect 10 per cent of the oceans and 17 per cent of land by 2020．But this isn't nearly enough， says Baillie． In the editorial， he and his coauthor， Ya ﹣Ping Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences， want governments to set much bigger___23___ at the next major conference on biodiversity in 2020．"We have to enormously___24___ our ambition if we want to avoid an extinction crisis and if we want to maintain the ecosystem services that we___25___ benefit from，" says Baillie． "The trends are in a___26___direction， it's just we have to move much faster．"It is hard to work out how much space is needed to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem___27___，the pair say， because there is so much we don't know about life on Earth ﹣ like how many species there are．___28___， most estimates suggest that between 25 and 75 percent of high biodiversity regions or major ecosystems should be protected．Therefore，we， including governments，should be___29___ when setting goals and strategies．"There is no doubt that we need far more land and sea___30___ for conserving and retaining nature，"says James Watson at the University of Queensland in Australia． "Targets like 50 per cent are in the right ball park when it comes to the minimal___31___ of area needed to conserve biodiversity．"But Watson and others stress that which areas get protected is even more important than the overall percentage． "The key thing is to protect the right areas，" says Jose Montoya of the Station for Theoretical and Experimental Ecology in Moulis， France． "If we___32___ protect a proportion of the territory，governments will likely protect what's easy， and that's usually areas of___33___ biodiversity and ecosystem service provision．"In fact， a third of the 3.6 percent of land that is already meant to be protected is actually being___34___，Watson's team reported last month． So only___35___ areas to be protected isn't enough．21. A. stricter B. wider C. safer D. simpler22. A. unique B. sufficient C. critical D. fit23. A. examples B. values C. awards D. objectives24. A. increase B. achieve C. lack D. frustrate25. A. barely B. currently C. roughly D. thoroughly26. A. opposite B. fixed C. complex D. positive27. A. approaches B. management C. benefits D. degradation28. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Otherwise29. A. concerned B. changeable C. firm D. cautious30. A. deserted B. secured C. measured D. distributed31. A. damage B. cost C. amount D. standard32. A. completely B. merely C. virtually D. desperately33. A. mass B. tropical C. marine D. low34. A. exploited B. expanded C. restored D. discovered35. A. developing B. covering C. declaring D. utilizing【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. CSectionBThe summer I turned 16，my father gave me his ‘69 Chevy Malibu convertible（敞篷车）． Beautifully repainted with V﹣8 engine﹣it was a gift wasted on me at that age． What didI know about classic cars？ The important thing was that Hannah and I could drive around Tucson with the top down．Hannah was my best friend， a year younger but much taller， almost five foot ten． "Hannah's going to be something，" my mother always said． And sure enough， that summer she signed witha modeling agency．She was already doing catalog and runway work．A month after my birthday， Hannah and I went to the movies． On the way home， we stoppedat the McDonald's drive﹣through， putting the fries on the seat between us to share． "Let's ride around awhile，" I said． It was a clear night， oven﹣warm， full moon cast low over the desert． Taking a curve too fast， I hit a patch of dirt and slid from side to side． I then cut through a neighbor's landscape wall and drove into a full﹣grown palm． The front wheels cameto rest halfway up the tree trunk． French fries on the floor， the dash，and my lap． An impossible amount of blood on Hannah's face， pieces of skin hanging into her eyes． They took us in separate ambulances． In the emergency room， my parents spoke quietly： Best plastic surgeon in the city． End of her modeling career．We'd been wearing leg belts， but the car didn't have shoulder bands． I'd damaged my cheekboneon the wheel； Hannah's forehead had split wide open on the dash． What would I say to her？ When her mother，Sharon， came into my hospital room， I started to cry， preparing myself for her anger． She sat beside me and took my hand． "I hit my best friend's car in the rear when I was your age，" she said． "I wrecked her car and mine．" "I'm so sorry，" I said．"You're both alive，" she said． "The rest is windowdressing．" I started to protest， and Sharon stoppedme． "I forgive you． Hannah will too．"Sharon's forgiveness allowed Hannah and me to get back in the car together that summer， to stay friends throughout high school and college， to be in each other's weddings， and to watch my four teenagers get along with her three younger children． I think of her gift of forgiveness every time I'm tempted to blame someone in a secret for something recognized as wrong． And whenever I see Hannah， the scars are so faded that no one else would notice，but in the sunlight I can still see the faint shimmer（微光）just below her hairline﹣for me， a sign of grace．36. Which of the following about Hannah is TRUE according to the passage？A. She was not as badly injured as the author．B. She never really forgave me though her mother did．C. She learned the gift of forgiveness through the accident．D. She could have been a model if she hadn't experienced the accident．37. In paragraph 4， "window dressing" is closest in meaning to " "．A. insignificantB. colorfulC. undeterminedD. hopeful38. According to the passage， Sharon comforted the author by ．A. showing her own scarB. mentioning her own storyC. visiting the author in personD. teaching the author a personal lesson39. Which of the following might be the best title of the article？A. A Graceful FriendB. A Lasting FriendshipC. A Lucky Car AccidentD. The Gift of Forgiveness【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. DMaking these easy tasks part of your morning schedule will improve your nutrition， energy，and mood today﹣and beyond．6：00 a．m．STRETCH IN BEDTry this even before you open your eyes． Lift one arm and begin by stretching each finger，then your hand， then your wrist， and then your whole arm． Move on to the other arm． Then stretch your toes， feet，ankles， and legs． Finally， end with a neck and back stretch that propels you out of bed． You've just limbered up your muscles and joints and enhanced blood flow throughout your body， providing a shot of oxygen to all your tissues． Take up the entire length of the bed when you stretch． According to Harvard University psychologist Amy Cuddy， this display of power is typical of a bold person， making you feel more confident all day long．7：00 a．m．EXERCISE A BIT﹣ON AN EMPTY STOMACHWorking out before you eat， researchers say， encourages your body to burn more fat for energy rather than relying on carbohydrates from food． In a Journal of Physiology study， participants who exercised after breakfast still gained weight （as did a control group who didn't exercise），but those who exercised on an empty stomach did not． Moreover， research from the University of Vermont shows that the mood﹣enhancing benefits of a 20﹣minute workout can last for 12 hours，a boost you'll want to enjoy all day long．BREAK YOUR FAST TWICEBreakfast is the most important meal of the day， so why not have two？ A study published in the journal Pediatric Obesity tracked the weight and breakfast﹣eating patterns of 584 students over two years． They found that frequent breakfast skippers showed increased odds of becoming overweight or obese compared with those who ate two breakfasts （one at home and one at school）． The sensible takeaway： If you eat more in the morning， you'll be less likely to snack at night， when it's harder to burn off calories．8：00 a．m．SEEK OUT GOOD NEWSIn a 2015 study， researchers asked one group of participants to watch just three minutes of positive，solutions﹣focused news （such as a video of a 70﹣year﹣old man who got his graduation certificate after failing the test dozens of times）． These participants were 27 percent more likely to report a few hours later that their day had been "happy" than people who watched negative news in the morning． Study author Gielan also cited substantial evidence that negative moods affect workplace performance．Voila! You've improved your state of mind， your health， and your productivity﹣all before the weekday has even begun． Now you're ready to conquer your to﹣do list for today and every day．40. The article is written to ．A. give professional guidance on keeping fitB. reveal some research results about healthC. put forward several suggestions for morning routinesD. offer some tips on how to improve workplace performance41. It is suggested that you should occupy the entire bed when you stretch because it especially ．A. increases your confidenceB. helps you out of bed easilyC. stimulates your blood circulationD. has an effect on your overall health42. Who is least likely to gain weight according to the article？A. Those who skip breakfasts frequently．B. Those who do morning stretching in bed．C. Those who have double breakfasts in the morning．D. Those who have their breakfast before morning exercise．【答案】40. C 41. A 42. CWhat is the single most effective way to reduce greenhouse﹣gas emissions？ Go vegetarian？Replant the Amazon？ Cycle to work？ None of the above． The answer is： make air﹣conditioners radically better． On one calculation， replacing refrigerants（制冷剂） that damage the atmosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases by the equivalent of 90bn tons of CO2 by 2050． Making the units more energy﹣efficient could double that．Air﹣conditioning is one of the world's great overlooked industries． Automobiles and air ﹣conditioners were invented at roughly the same time， and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work．Unlike cars， though， air﹣conditioners have drawn little criticism for their social impact，emissions or energy efficiency． Most hot countries do not have rules to govern their energy use．Yet air﹣conditioning has done quite a lot of things to benefit humankind． It has transformedproductivity in the tropics and helped turn southern China into the workshop of the world． In Europe，its spread has pushed down heat﹣related deaths ten times less than what it was in 2003，when around 70，000 people， most of them elderly， died in a heatwave． For children， air ﹣conditioned classrooms and dormitories are associated with better grades at school．Environmentalists who call air﹣conditioning "a luxury we cannot afford" have half a point，however．In the next ten years， as many air﹣conditioners will be installed around the world as were put in between 1902（when air﹣conditioning was invented）and 2005． Until energy can be produced without carbon emissions， these extra machines will warm the world． At the moment， therefore，air﹣conditioners create a vicious cycle． The more the Earth warms， the more people need them． But the more there are， the warmer the world will be．Cutting the impact of cooling requires three things（beyond turning up the thermostat（温度调节器）to make rooms less Arctic）． First， air﹣conditioners must become much more efficient． The most energy﹣efficient models on the market today consume only about one﹣third as much electricity as average ones．Minimum energy﹣performance standards need to be raised，or introduced in countries that lack them altogether， to push the average unit's performance closer to the standard of the best．Next，manufactures should stop using damaging refrigerants．One category of these，hydrofluorocarbons， is over 1，000 times worse than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere． An international deal to phase out these pollutants， called the Kigali amendment， will come into force in 2019． Foot﹣draggers should approve and implement it；America is one country that has not done so．Last， more could be done to design offices， malls and even cities so they do not need as many air﹣ conditioners in the first place． More buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade，or with natural air﹣circulation． Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down．Better machines are necessary． But cooling as an overall system needs to be improved if air ﹣conditioners is to fulfill its promise to make people healthier，wealthier and wiser， without too high an environmental cost． Providing indoor shelters of air﹣conditioned comfort need not come at the expense of an overheating world．43. Why does the author think air﹣conditioning is an overlooked industry？A. Because many hot countries haven't put the energy﹣controlling rules into force．B. Because it has caused the same impact on people's life and work as automobiles have．C. Because it has brought great economic， physical， and educational benefits to humans．D. Because it doesn't get the due criticism for its environmental impact as automobiles do．44. What can we learn from Paragraph 4？A. The price of air﹣conditioning will go up due to the large demand for it．B. A high environmental cost will come along with the air﹣conditioning service．C. Environmentalists are expecting extra machines which can warm the world．D. Governments partially agree that air﹣conditioning is a luxury we cannot afford．45. With regard to the measures to cut the impact of cooling， which of the following statements is TRUE？A. Manufacturers should only stop using hydrofluorocarbons．B. People should avoid turning up the air﹣conditioners to have cool rooms on hot days．C. People should adopt more environmentally﹣friendly materials when designing buildings．D. Governments should give a green light to the agreement on eliminating the pollutants．46. The author writes this passage to ．A. arouse people's attention to the global warmingB. appeal for the global joint efforts to combat global warmingC. give credit to air﹣conditioning for its great contributions to humansD. offer a new perspective on how to reduce greenhouse gases emissions【答案】43. D 44. B 45. C 46. DSectionC7．Bill Gates doesn't pretend he lives in an egalitarian（主张平等的） household． When it comesto parenting his three children， the billionaire Microsoft giant readily admits his wife Melinda has done more than her share of the work raising the kids．"My wife does 80%，" Gates told a crowd of Harvard students last Thursday． Gates spent two years there taking math and computer science courses as a pre﹣law student， but never finished up his degree． "Myeldest graduates from Stanford in June， so I'm optimistic she won't fall into my footsteps，" Gates joked．___47___ They followed a 1970s "Love and Logic" parenting model． The core idea of the philosophy is centered on the idea of exerting emotional control， essentially minimizing emotional reactions like shouting or scolding kids．___48___ Gates admits he and his wife haven't been perfect at carrying out the approach．"Can you get rid of the emotion？ You can't totally do it，" he said．Aside from ruling in hot﹣blooded parent tempers， the love and logic model also stresses the importance of not leaning into rewards for kids， but instead demonstrating unconditional love and admiring kids for who they are， not what they do （or don't） achieve， like a poor test score．"Many highly successful people struggled with grades as children，" Fay wrote on his site． "___49___"The model is a bit like the ideal method， in that it pushes parents to focus on asking questions of their kids and getting them to think about how to solve their own problems， instead of feeding them answers．___50___． However， he knew he wanted to do things differently with his own kids．It wasn't the only way he set boundaries for his children while they were growing up． None of his kids owned a cell phone until they were 14 years old． And they will each get about ﹩10 million of their parents fortune as inheritance，a mere fraction of the giant's roughly ﹩90 billion net worth． "We want to strike a balance where they have the freedom to do anything，but not a lot of money showered on them so they could go out and do nothing，" Gates once told TED．【答案】47. F 48. B49. D 50. CIV.Summarywriting51.Summary writingThe life of a journalist can be exciting． To be in constant pursuit of the latest news demands a curiosity that can only be rewarded by getting to "where it is happening" as soon as possible． The goal， of course， is to relate what is happening to the public as clearly as possible．However， every journalist must be careful to report not only a vivid picture of what is happening， but a true picture． Each journalist reports his or her own version of what has taken place． Still， this version must be an actual account if the reporter is to maintain a reliable reputation．In order to get to the truth in some news stories， a reporter must rely on the statements of someone who is on the inside of the situation． Often this insider will only talk to a reporter if the reporter promises never to reveal the insider's name． The insider usually threatens never to admit meeting with the reporter if his or her name is revealed．Because stories of this nature often involve criminal activity， reporting them becomes a dangerous job．This kind of work involved in obtaining news in this manner serves as an inviting situation for the underworld as well as the legal world． Members of the underworld want to find out who the insider is so that they can keep him or her quiet． Members of the legal world claim that the reporter will obstruct（阻挠）justice if he or she fails to disclose the insider's name．Devotion has given journalism its reputation for reliability ﹣ a reliability that each journalist is expected to uphold in his or her search for truth． Supplying a truthful account of each day's occurrences is the serious contract made between reporter and the public．___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Exciting as it is to be a journalist， every journalist must take care to report what happened vividly．【高分句型一】（主题） Besides， they should be followed by a true picture．（要点一）A reporter must depend on the statements of whoever is on the scene， so as to get to the truth in some news stories．（要点二） It is devotion that has given journalism its reputation for reliability．（要点三）【答案】52. The suspect has been arrested， and all the concerning evidence has been transferredto the police．53. As we all know， learning method varies from person to person， so what is suitable for you may not necessarily suit me．54. It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind the monitor of the time for gathering，so I left him a short message．55. The stronger the students' ability to express themselves， the more likely they are to stand out in the entrance interview， which makes it a rule for them to practice speaking every day．II.Guidedwriting56.高三毕业在即，我校《金苹果》英语报要征集同学交往中的印象深刻的事。
上海市浦东新区建平中学2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试卷附答案解析
上海市浦东新区建平中学2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试卷II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs． Angela McQueen， a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School， Illinois， has a routine when she's on lunch﹣monitoring duty． She___1___ （keep） an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈） around the school cafeteria．In September 2017， McQueen， then 40， had hardly finished one lap___2___ a 14﹣year﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun． She knew too well that he was going to start shooting．School employees___3___（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability___4___ （aim）． So with the shooter's finger on the trigger， McQueen rushed to him．___5___（grab） at his arm， she forced the gun into the air， but not___6___ he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another． As students ran for the exits， McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，___7___ disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later． Afterward， McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper． "I don't have kids of my own， but these are still‘___8___' kids．"___9___ McQueen， a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending． "If it hadn't been for her， the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one___10___ （impress） student told CBS News， "Mr． McQueen is our heroine．"【答案】1. keeps2. when3. had been trained4. to aim5. grabbing6. before7. who8. my 9. Thanks to10. impressed【解析】【分析】这是应用文。
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEast Yorkshire has typical unpredictable British weather. So here are some ideas to keep everybody happy when the weather is not the most ideal.William's Den, North CaveThe outdoor and indoor areas are suitable for children of all ages to have fun.There are nests to explore, rope bridges to cross, a tree-house and a slide. The attached Kitchen provides fresh food made from locally sourced ingredients serving a selection of treats.East Riding Leisure CentresKnown for a fun learner pool alongside an incredible fun zone with two slides as well, it is perfect for kids to find their feet in the water, have fun and explore. Its 6 climbing walls offer a different challenge on each. This place is suitable for anyone over the age of 4 and you can refuel at cafe with fresh food, snacks and cakes.Sewerby Hall and GardensWhen the weather’s not sure, take cover in the Hall and learn how life was in the early 1900’s for the residents and workers of the house. Then explore the zoo and meet the pigs, parrots and penguins! Kids of all ages are welcome.Withernsea LighthouseThere’s no limitation to the age of kids to climb Withernsea Lighthouse, which is 144 steps to the top, with full views of the East Yorkshire Coast at the top of it. Enjoy the museum on the ground floor and learn what life is like working and living in a lighthouse. The souvenir shop provides attractive gifts for visitors at a fair price.1.Which one is unsuitable for kids of all ages?A.William’s Den, North Cave.B.East Riding Leisure Centres.C.Sewerby Hall and Gardens.D.Withernsea Lighthouse.2.Where can kids enjoy food?A.In William’s Den, North Cave and Sewerby Hall and Gardens.B.In East Riding Leisure Centres and Withernsea LighthouseC.In William’s Den, North Cave and East RidingLeisure Centres.D.In Sewerby Hall and Gardens and Withernsea Lighthouse.3.Where does this passage probably come from?A.A geography textbook.B.A science report.C.A finance magazine.D.A travel brochure.BMikah Frye, a 9-year-old boy, was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night. Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas.That thought stayed in Mikah Frye’s mind and when he reached home, Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier. Mikah realized that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless. He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.Three years ago, Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter. Having suffered a financial crisis, they too had lost their house, not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night. Mikah was six years old then but he remembered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning.Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago, the family donated 60 blankets in the end, each with a personalized message of hope in Mikah’s handwriting stating: “They gave me a blanket, but I had to leave it. That’s why I want you to have your own blanket. Today, I live in my own house, and someday you will too. Your friend, Mikah.”The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Microsoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of “Santa’s list of nice boys” that year.4. Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift?A. The device was out of date.B. His parents had a tight budget.C. He wanted to spend a warm Christmas.D. He decided to do something charitable.5. What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless?A. His own experience.B. His parents’ education.C. His visiting to the emergency shelter.D. The cold weather during the holiday season.6. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return.B. He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas.C. The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox.D Mikah wrote a thank-you note to the emergency shelter he lived in.7. What might be the best title for the text?A. Mikah’s Precious Christmas GiftB. Mikah’s Giving Warmth on ChristmasC. Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santa’s ListD. The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold ChristmasCAfter years of releasing e-readers that compete directly with Amazon’s Kindle, Rakuten Kobo’s latest device offers something totally different: theability to draw and write directly on the screen.With a large 10.3-inch E-ink display, the Kobo Elipsa looks more like an electronic clipboard than the standard paperpack-sized e-reader. Although the ability to write on the screen is no big deal — especially given its high price tag of $ 600 — the overall package is impressively functional.In terms of reading, the Elipsa packs just about everything you’d expect in a Kobo. You can purchase and download books from the store, read web articles you’ve saved online via Pocket, and connect to your local library to borrow e-books and magazines. It’s known that Kindle basically requires you to buy books from Amazon. Unlike Kindles, Kobos are pretty open with the formats they support; you can connect the Elipsa to a computer and transfer over any PDF books you have bought or downloaded from stores like Booktopia or Google Books.You can fill your virtual notepads with notes using brush and pen types, and export them as PDFs or images to a PC. There’s also an “advanced” notebook that can turn your writing into typed and editable text for exporting to Microsoft Word format. You can also write directly onto documents themselves, with all your word circling and underlining saved as you go to review later. This is especially handy when it comes to PDFs, as changes you make are synced（同步）automatically when you have Wi-Fi, so you can move between your Elipsa, PC and phone and keep your notes.With all that said, we can see it really appealing to e-reader fans who also tend to do a lot of work on paper. If you ever print things out to mark them up, fill notepads with writing or drawing that you later have to transcribe or scan, or just wish you could write all over your library books, this could be the device for you.8. Which of the following best describes the Elipsa?A. Automatic.B. Traditional.C. Useful.D. Standard.9. How is a Kobo different from a Kindle in reading?A. A Kindle has a larger screen.B. A Kindle can support more formats.C. A Kobo supports books from various sources.D. A Kobo should be connected to local libraries.10. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Kobos?A Their function in syncing. B. Their function in typing.C. Their function in writing.D. Their function in reading.11. In which section of a newspaper can the text probably be found?A. Education.B. Technology.C. Lifestyle.D. Business.DFairy tales perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problem—solving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI (artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called “Quixote” (堂吉诃德). It collects story plotsfrom the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it can interact with the store keeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指令), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robotwill learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. It’s a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.12. What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?A. They entertain robots.B. They highlight dangers.C. They make robots more intelligent.D. They enable robots to behave morally.13. What is “Quixote” in the text?A. A punishment systemB. A character in literatureC. A big name in technologyD. A software educating robots.14. What does the designer expect robot to do in the experiment?A. To take advantage of its privilege.B. To finish the task most efficiently.C. To perform in a good mannered way.D. To be rewarded by the storekeeper115. Which of the follow can bestexpress the author’s opinion?A. Robots will definitely have more functions.B. Robots with human’s emotions are perfect.C. Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.D. The development of robots is still in a baby step.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019届上海市浦东新区建平中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷
2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs． Angela McQueen， a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School， Illinois，has a routine when she's on lunch﹣monitoring duty． She___1___ （keep） an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈） around the school cafeteria．In September 2017， McQueen， then 40， had hardly finished one lap___2___ a 14﹣year﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun． She knew too well that he was going to start shooting．School employees___3___（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability___4___ （aim）． So with the shooter's finger on the trigger， McQueen rushed to him．___5___（grab） at his arm， she forced the gun into the air， but not___6___ he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another． As students ran for the exits， McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，___7___ disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later． Afterward， McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper． "I don't have kids of my own，but these are still‘___8___' kids．"___9___ McQueen， a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending． "If it hadn't been for her， the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one___10___ （impress） student told CBS News， "Mr． McQueen is our heroine．" 【答案】1. keeps2. when3. had been trained4. to aim5. grabbing6. before7. who8. my 9. Thanks to10. impressed【解析】【分析】这是应用文。
上海市建平中学2019届高三英语4月质量检测试题(含解析)
Andrea Mechelli is a doctor with the Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College, London. “There have been studies___5___people weretaken out of an urban environment into a rural environment, and theirsymptomswould improve. And we also see that the greater the city the greater the risk.”
The Urban Mind Project team says it hopes “the results will inform future urban planning and social policy___10___(intend) to improve design and health.”
1.although 和though同义，在一般情况下，可以互换使用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。另外 although 语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。
e.g. Though/Although my car is very old, I don’t want to buy a new one.
2019-2020学年上海市建平实验中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
2019-2020学年上海市建平实验中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou have to praise the smoothness（顺畅）of ants on the move. No matter how many of them are going toward a place, there's never a hold-up. A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants, animals that often move from colony（群落）to colony depending on where the food is. Making use of Argentine ants' talent for fast travel, the researchers built bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges were different in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back andmonitoredthe traffic. To their surprise, even when those narrower bridges were full of ants, there were no "traffic accidents". "When the number of ants on the bridge increased, ants seemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making the traffic flow stop. "the authors note. "Moreover, ants avoided entering a busy road and made sure that the bridge was never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole. Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road. Then the traffic moves very slowly. And yet, some impatient driver still acts like he's alone on the road.The research suggests that projects, like the ever-widening of highways, may never free us from traffic jams. As long as we drive along with our own habits, no matter how many other people are on the road, we'll always end up in a traffic jam. Indeed, less space may actually be a good thing. It leaves less room for individual choice and forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The results of the experiments.B. The purpose of the experimentsC. The preparation of the experiments.D. The requirements of the experiments2. What does the underlined word "monitor" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. watch and check.B. seek and improveC. design and planD. discuss and practise3. What is the best title for the text?A. Is widening highways a solution?B. Why don't ants need traffic lights?C. Can we learn safe driving from ants?D. What can ants teach us about traffic jams?BIf you ever find yourself trapped in the wilderness without food, you'llhave to figure out how to feed yourself. Many plants in the wild areedible, but many are also poisonous. So it is necessary to learn how to determine whether the plants you find can be eaten safely.Avoid using this method without careful planning. Some plants can be deadly, and even if you follow these guidelines perfectly, there is always a chance that a plant will make you seriously ill. Prepare yourself for wilderness outings by learning about the local plants, and carry a guidebook to help you identify plants. Even if you are unprepared and cannot find food you know to be safe, remember that, depending on your activity level, the human body can go for days without food, and you’re better off being hungry than being poisoned.Testing the plant in your mouth is dangerous, so go forward very slowly and carefully. First, hold a small portion of the prepared plant part against your lip for 3 minutes. Do not put the plant in your mouth. If you notice any burning, tingling (刺痛), or other reactions, discontinue testing. Second, place another small portion of the plant part on your tongue. Hold the plant on your tongue without chewing for 15 minutes. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Third, chew the plant and holdit in your mouth for 15 minutes. Chew the plant well, and do not swallow. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Fourth, swallow the small portion of the plant. Wait 8 hours. Do not eat or drink anything during this period except purified water. If you feel sick, immediately throw up what you eat and drink plenty of water. If activated charcoal (活性炭) is available, take that with the water.4. What’s the meaning of the underlined world “edible” in paragraph 1?A. Suitable for using as food.B. Widely spread.C. Existing in large quantities.D. Not widely known.5. What can we know from paragraph 2?A. Planning is unnecessary when using the method.B. Not all plants in the wild can serve as food generally.C. Suffering hunger can be more dangerous than testing plants.D. Following the method perfectly can ensure safety.6. Which is the correct order of testing plants in the mouth?① wait and see ② chew it in the mouth③ put it on the tongue④ put it against lips ⑤ swallow itA. ③④②①⑤B. ④③②①⑤C. ③④②⑤①D.④③②⑤①7. Where might the passage come from?A. A student’s diary.B. A science report.C. A guide book for camping.D. A doctor’ s notebook.CNina Wygant, 11, sits in front of a long table in a classroom that looks more like a trendy coffee shop than an elementary school classroom. Some of her fifth-grade classmates at Hopewell Memorial Junior High School sit on high-top chairs at counters. Others choose to sit in club chairs or soft bean bags in comfortable. "I like it because it gives us an environment we like or need to settle down and read a book that we would like to concentrate on instead of having desks and being all quiet," said Vivian Garcia, 10. “You can just space out and have your own little area. I find it very amazing that you can pick your own books instead of being told what to read.”That’s the end goal, said teacher Heather Shadish. Reading has always been a passion for this English language arts and science teacher, a passion she instills（灌输）in her pupils. Back then, in her literature class in graduate school at Chatham University, a professor read aloud the first chapter ofBecause of Winn-Dixieby Kate DiCamillo, a Newbery Medalist. "That was the moment I knew I wanted to some day teach reading. There was a spark there. I just felt these are the kind of books I need to share with kids ---the books that are going to make them feel something and make them fall in love with reading instead of reading being achore.”But information in children's workbooks is limited, so they open tablets and connect to Epic - a digital library that's free to educators and librarians, but $7.99 a month for parents — giving kids unlimited access to approximately 35,000 books（both print and audio）, quizzes and videos to enhance learning.“Epic gives students access to information not found in a textbook and presents it in a more interesting way," she said.8. What does Vivian think of the reading experience?A. She favors club chairs and free discussion.B. She feels comfortable to be told what to read.C. She enjoys the environment and reading choice.D. She finds it easy to pick a book in a crowded area.9. What does the underlined word “chore" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Task.B. Process.C. Habit.D. Skill.10. What can children get from Epic?A. Free audio books.B. Tasks on reading levels.C. Advice from educators.D. Useful learning resources.11. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. A Teacher's New Reading MethodB. Pupils' love of Reading RoomC. Options of Teaching ReadingD. Easy Access to Digital ReadingDTourism is often about seeking deeper emotional and personal connections with the world around us. Not all travel experiences, however, need to take place in the real world. With the evolution of virtual reality(VR) technology, tourism will increasingly become a combination of physical and virtual worlds. VR may even remove the need to travel entirely.But can a VR experience really equal a real world one? Many experts believe it can. Studies have shown that our brains have an inbuilt VR-like mechanism that enables us to live imagined experiences. Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future. This is known as" mind wandering". During these events we' re not paying attention to the current world around us. Instead, we' re recalling memories, or creating and processing imagined futures.When engaged in mind wandering, our brains process these mental images using the same pathways used to receive inputs from the real world. So, the imagined past or future can create emotions and feelings similar to how we react to everyday life. VR can create these same feelings.While critics might argue that a virtual experience will never match reality, there are several ways VR tourism could make a positive contribution. Firstly it could help protect sensitive locations from over-tourism. In recentyears famous sites such as Maya Bay in Thailand, and Cambodia's Angkor Wat Temples have had to limit the number of visitors because of their negative impact. These places are now producing their own VR experiences that will allow tourists to pass through virtual models of the sites.Virtual reality may also allow people back in time, to experience historical events, visit ancient cities, and even to walk among dinosaurs.Finally, in a world where many people suffer from stress and depression due to overwork, virtual tourism may provide a cheap and convenient way for people to take brief holidays to otherwise unreachable destinations and recharge their batteries, without ever leaving their homes.It sounds like science fiction but it's already happening. As virtual technology improves and as people continue to demand new and interesting experiences, expect more virtual tourism, both in combination with the real world and instead of it.12. What is driving the development of virtual tourism?A. Companies seeking to make more money.B. Improvements in virtual reality technology.C. People's demand for more shared experiences.D. People's deeper understanding of the physical world.13. Which of the following best describes "mind wandering"?A. The brain processes which help people think VR is real.B. The way the brain processes inputs from the real world.C. Brain activities focusing on past or future events.D. Experiences coming from a person's imagination.14. What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Science fiction.B. Virtual technology.C. Virtual tourism.D. The real world.15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To describe the advantages of VR tourism.B. To give suggestions for reducing over-tourism.C. To encourage people to develop VR technology.D. To argue VR tourism will replace the real world travel.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市2019届高三上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题 含答案
高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In two weeks. B. Within two weeks. C. Two weeks ago. D. For two weeks.2. A. At a garage. B. In a parking lot. C. At a car shop. D. In a car showroom.3. A. Sell the ice cream. B. Take a bite of the ice cream.C. Make a wish.D. Pass up the food.4. A. $5.00. B. $8.00. C. $3.00. D. $2.5.5. A. She's unwilling to do it.B. She is afraid of donating blood.C. Donating blood is none of her business.D. She's ready to donate blood.6. A. Sick. B. Quite well. C. Excited. D. Confused.7. A. She has only one coat so she can't choose.B. She has a coat but she doesn't want to wear it.C. She hopes that the man can lend her one.D. She doesn't wear a coat since she hasn't one.8. A. She's wondering how many hands she has.B. She doesn't want to help the man.C. She can't handle this suitcase by hand.D. She would help the man in hand.9. A. She can't prevent her family members from missing her.B. She can't help her family because she is not strong enough.C. She misses her family because she doesn't do well in the new school.D. She misses her family because she doesn't get used to the school's life.10. A. She was busy eating something delicious.B. Johnson was too busy to talk to someone.C. She didn't notice who Johnson was talking to.D. Johnson was meeting the new guests then.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Waste from animal. B. Agricultural chemicals.C. Industrial waste.D. Safe containers.12. A. Undamaged metal cans. B. All the boxes of juice or milk.C. Leaking cans.D. Waterproof containers.13. A. You should clean up the cans only.B. You should brush the cans and then put them in boiled water.C. You should place the cans in safe areas.D. You should make the cans clean and boil them thoroughly.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A laboratory assistant. B. A chemistry teacher.C. A teacher of a laboratory.D. A professor in the hospital.15. A. He can make up the class.B. He will be dropped from the class.C. He will be reported immediately.D. He will attend other classes.16. A. It must be fastened tightly together.B. It should be cut right away.C. The students will be asked to leave the class.D. The students' parents will be called to school.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Purple. B. Black. C. Natural. D. Gray.18. A. Because she is afraid to appear in a magazine.B. Because she thinks dyeing hair will do harm to hair.C. Because she hopes to be different from others.D. Because she is afraid to be punished by her parents.19. A. Having it cut immediately. B. Letting it be.C. Having it dyed again.D. Dyeing it themselves.20. A. Dye her hair right away. B. Buy some cheap dye.C. Keep her hair natural.D. Choose some special products.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ten year-old Annemarie Johansen lives with her family in Copenhagen, Denmark. There are soldiers on the streets, and the country (21) ______ (occupy) by the Nazis. There isn't enough to eat, and the world is at war. Then the Nazis decide to"relocate"the country's Jewish population. The Danes don't know (22) ______ their friends and neighbors are being taken away. They don't know where they are going, either. But they do know that it is wrong and dangerous and that they must help.Number the Stars is a very powerful novel. During World War II, the Nazis (23) ______ (kill) millions of people in Europe. Many of those people were Jewish. But in Denmark, almost all of the Jewish population was saved. Number the Stars is a work of fiction, but it tells the true story of the Jewish (24) ______ (rescue) during the war. The moving plot is driven by justice, danger and excitement. But the book also deals with significant ideas that are much (25) ______ (big) than the story itself.Annemarie must learn that evil doesn't just appear in fairy tales. It's a real thing that affects real people. She must also struggle with questions of loyalty and sacrifice. Who would she die to protect? And is she brave enough (26) ______ (make) that sacrifice? Most importantly, Annemarie learns that (27) ______ (be) brave doesn't mean being fearless. It means doing the right thing despite the fact (28) ______ you are afraid. That's heavy stuff for a children's novel.I have taught Number the Stars to many classes at many different levels. It has always been a popular choice. It uses simple language and sentences. It is easy to read and provides clear examples of literary techniques like foreshadowing(预示). But it is also interesting, and the characters are (29) ______ (engage) . The plot is full of tension.Lois Lowry, the author, has written many award-winning novels for young people. Number the Stars is a remarkable example of the talent (30) ______ has made her so celebrated.Section BDirections:After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.A. commonB. votingC. effortsD. electedE. endF. protestingG. sayH. exercisedI. arguedJ. equalK. rightsIn most democracies today, people expect women to vote. Women are just as able to make decisions about their 31 leaders as men. But 200 years ago, most people didn't think so.As late as the middle of the 19th century only men voted in most Western countries. A few countries or states let women vote in local elections. But women voting was far from 32 . At that time, people believed that women belonged in the home. That meant they should not get involved with public life.But women in Europe, North America and New Zealand began 33 this situation. They believed that they should have a(n) 34 in their government's leaders. In 1792 an English novelist named Mary Wollstonecraft 35 that women should be able to vote. In the United States, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were important figures. They met whilecampaigning to put a(n) 36 to slavery. In the process, they decided that women also should have more 37 .Yet despite the 38 of these women neither Great Britain nor the United States was the first country to let women vote. That honor goes to New Zealand, which changed their law on September 19, 1893. This was because of women like Kate Shepherd. She led a group that presented petitions（请愿书）to their parliament three years in a row. Shepherd is now honored on New Zealand's $10 bill.New Zealand was followed by Australia in 1902 and Finland in 1906. By this time, some U.S. states and territories allowed women to vote. But the country as a whole didn't give women the right until after World War I.In many countries, the right to hold political office came along with the right to vote. And women have 39 that right. In many countries, women have even held their country's highest office. All of that is due to the efforts of the women who fought for a(n) 40 voice.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The search for new, clean energy sources has occupied the attention of scientists and politicians for years. One common 41 for green energy is the wind. A new twist on this old resource could cause the energy output of wind-power plants to increase greatly.Standard wind-power plants rely on strong support and 42 can only reach a height of 200 meters or so. Higher than that, winds tend to be stronger and steadier, but the challenge is 43 how to obtain the energy from those winds.Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences in Germany have formed a kite-power research group. The group is working to develop kites with inflatable（可充气的）wings 44 to electrical generators (发电机) on the ground.The research group's goal is to design a kite that can operate on its own for 24 hours. Research has begun, but many challenges remain, including making the generators more 45 and perfecting the automatic flight control and the structure of the kites. Nevertheless in June 2012, they demonstrated that their kites could operate 46 at an altitude of up to 700 meters.Meanwhile, in Italy, researchers are working on a(n) 47 power generator that relies on kites when the generator called KiteGen, senses the wind blowing, kites are 48 from the ends of poles with high-resistance cables to control their height and angle. These cables are able to move the kites if the system senses coming objects 49 planes, helicopters or even individual birds. The kites themselves are light, tough and able to reach fairly high altitudes. They loop（绕行）around in the wind, which sets the center of the generator in motion, 50 electric current.KiteGen has the 51 to be very cost-effective in the long run. After the original cost of designing and setting up the plant, little 52 investment will be necessary, apart from standard maintenance. The plant also requires 53 little space, which makes it ideal for cities and means that multiple plants can be set up to provide even more 54 .Kite power has the potential to greatly 55 on current wind-power strategies. In thefuture, it may be an efficient, cost-effective supplement to the other sources of energy we use, or even a replacement for some of them.41.A.resolution B.proposal C.resource D.substitute42.A.generally B.frequently C.continually D.regularly43.A.carrying out B.figuring out C.breaking out D.picking out44.A.chosen B.applied C.collected D.connected45.A.efficient plete C.powerful D.positive46.A.actively B.passively C.automatically D.artificially47.A.strange B.similar C.different D.original48.A.fastened B.revealed C.tailored D.released49.A.except for B.instead of C.such as D.due to50.A.producing B.inventing C.promoting D.developing51.A.qualification B.potential C.trend D.intention52.A.normal B.formal C.additional D.alternate53.A.concretely B.abstractly C.thoroughly D.relatively54.A.energy B.strength C.technology D.opportunity55.A.focus B.extend C.improve D.transferSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Many people experience problems with their spine(脊椎) as they age. The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down. As a consequence, the bones in the spine begin to rub against each other. This further harms the tissue as well as the bones. The result is pain in the joints and, sometimes, in nerves near the spine.This painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis. Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors. Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints. Fortunately, there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.The most important step is exercise. Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment(排列). Strength exercises with light weights or body weight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine. However, people should not overdo these exercises, as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine. Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.Another important factor is diet. It affects the health of the spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. These include B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, all of whichhelp keep nerves healthy. People can get more B vitamins and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores. Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones. All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from foods. Thus, people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets.56. What does this article mainly explain?A. Various aspects of a medical conditionB. The actions of viruses that cause illnessesC. Drugs often used to solve physical issuesD. The location of organs in the human body57. How does the writer begin this article?A. By predicting improvementB. By analyzing a series of dataC. By introducing minor injuriesD. By describing a gradual process58. What can readers find in this article?A. A warning about working out too hardB. A method for improving sleep qualityC. A slogan used to promote health classesD. A big criticism often aimed at doctors59.What does the article imply about supplement?A. They are mainly for youngsters.B. They are commercial products.C. They are now being researched.D. They are seldom truly effective.(B)In late March of 2018, a tear in the earth about 15meters wide and 20 meters deep suddenly appeared inKenya. It cut across roads and even split houses in two.This crack appeared out of nowhere after heavy rainsand an increase in seismic(地震的) activity. Somescientists believe that it's further proof that Africa isslowly splitting apart.Once, a very long time ago, Africa and SouthAmerica were one landmass before they separated.Similarly, one day in the very distant future, a largepart of East Africa will split off from the rest of thecontinent. This will create a new landmass and a newocean. The breakup is a result of plate tectonics (板块运动), the gradual motion of different parts of theEarth's crust.When plates of the Earth separate and tear away from each other, it is called rifting. The result is a rift valley. Scientists don't understand the exact mechanism behind rifting, but the results are easy to observe in the East African Rift System( EARS). That's why studying this part of the world is so important.The East African Rift System begins in the north in Ethiopia, where three plates are movingaway from each other. Two of them are continental plates, the African and Arabian plates. They are tectonic plates that have a large landmass above water. The third is the Somali plate, considered a minor plate, which is steadily moving away from the other two. But don't plan on visiting the new ocean anytime soon. The plates are moving at a rate of about 6 millimeters a year. At that speed, millions of years will pass before a new ocean is formed.EARS is not all bad news for Kenya. A rift valley is composed of an area where there is increased volcanic activity and thinned planetary crust. This makes it easier to take advantage of the power of steam. For Kenya, this might be an answer to the country's electrical problems. The drought conditions that frequently occur there make it difficult to produce energy. But the geothermal (地热的) power plants going online in 2019 will allow them to produce clean energy with very little water.60.What can be concluded from the passage?A.A war will certainly break out in Africa.B.A disaster will suddenly strike Africa.C.A geological structure will change in Africa.D.A new country will come into being in Africa.61.Which of the following plates might be surrounded by water according to the passage?A.East Africa.B. Somali plate.C. Arabian plate.D. Africa plate.62.What problem may be solved in Kenya thanks to the cracking?A.Poverty.B. Economy.C. Drought.D. Energy.(C)Are you worried about money? If so, I have some good news for you. Someone once said, "If all your problems can be solved with money, then you don't have any. "I get the point. Unless you are on the edge of losing everything and living in your car (which is a very sad thing that happens to people every day), your perceptions of your problems may not be serving you well.Let's take a look. Can you pay your living expenses and support your family? If so, you are OK. Even if you are a family that just barely breaks even every month, you have to count that as a blessing. Most of us also have those terrible, surprising unexpected bills. But unless you lose your job or your mind, don't you always find a way to take care of those expenses?PERTINENT（切中要害的）QUESTIONSTo see if you worry too much about finances, ask yourself a couple of questions. Do you wake up worried about money? Do you check your bank balance and look at upcoming bills more than once every few days or even multiple times a day? If so, then you may have a little financial insecurity going on. Let's look at getting it under control. If it's making you crazy, it can make your family a little crazy too. This type of anxiousness is passed on to others, which is important to remember whenever you have the urge to share your fears.TOO MUCH INFORMATIONTMI (too much information) happens because it seems that by releasing pent-up（压抑的）feelings of anxiety you will feel better and hopefully more supported. And this can happen, but not with your loved ones because they will take on your fear and magnify it. Talk instead with yourfinancial advisor, your bank manager or your therapist. Laying your financial fears at the feet of your family is not good for them or for you. Yes, be honest about any problems, but if you get emotional, so will those closest to you.POSITIVE ACTIONIt's hard to be dispassionate about money, but honestly, it's really the best way to get this issue solved. You have to look at it from a practical standpoint. Go over your debts, look closely at your assets and determine the best thing for you to do with your time right now.Maybe you need to use this time to get your books in order on your computer or use it to job hunt or to promote your business. Then again, you may need to hire an accountant and go on some interviews. The point is simple: the only way to relieve yourself of the uncomfortable feeling of financial pressure is to take some kind of positive action.63.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Financial problems are not vital ones in everyone's daily life.B.You'd better calm down when you have financial problems.C.You needn't worry about unexpected bills even if you're out of work.D.When you have financial fears, remember to share feelings with others.64.The passage implies that ______.A.the best way to deal with money problem is to take positive actionB.as long as we share feelings with others, money fear will disappearC.we should have an optimistic attitude toward financial fearsD.any problem we meet can be solved with the help of money65.The phrase lay your financial fears at the feet of your family in the sixth paragraphprobably means ______.A.to solve financial fears caused by your familyB.to help your family smartly avoid financial fearsC.to make your family responsible for financial fearsD.to encourage your family to face financial fears bravely.66.The best title of the passage is ______.A.Perceptions of money and valueB. Passion, money and familyC. Keeping balance of psychologyD. Dealing with money worriesSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.A.Other people experience false guilt because of high expectations for themselves.B.It's possible that you feel guilty because you actually did something wrong.C.Others try to cover up their guilt by blaming others or becoming angry.D.It can also motivate people to avoid making similar mistakes later.E.In this case, it's important to remind yourself that you have limits.F.Moreover, guilt can result in physical and mental discomforts meanwhile.Guilt is one of the most painful emotions that humans experience but also one of the most common. Nobody enjoys feeling guilty, but this emotion serves an important purpose: It alerts aperson when he or she has done something wrong. This enables the person to make amends and work to heal relationships that were damaged by their actions. 67Nevertheless, guilt can be destructive if it is not dealt with in the right way. It can cause people to avoid others because they are too embarrassed to apologize for their actions or inaction. Some try to avoid the pain of guilt by turning to other worse habits. 68 The proper response to guilt depends on what kind of guilt you're dealing with. For false guilt, it's important to recognize that the guilt does not reflect an actual ethical failure.For example, some false guilt focuses on falling to meet expectations you had for yourself.69 No one is perfect, and no one can do everything, so admitting your limits is actually a sign of humility.It's also important to acknowledge what you are feeling. Even when you don't need to feel guilty, these feelings are real and normal. Try to balance them with positive thoughts, but realize that it often takes time for feelings to change.70 If so, don't try to conceal it. Apologize and ask for forgiveness. Learn from your mistakes, and try to avoid committing the same acts again. Getting on well with the person you hurt should make your guilty feelings fade.Guilt is painful, but it can serve a good purpose if you use it well.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Have you ever been involved in an animal rescue? This is what happened to Winter the dolphin. Winter was found off the coast of Florida in December of 2005. She was just a few months old, alone, and caught in a crab trap. The ropes from the trap were wrapped tightly around her body.The fisherman who found her called for help, and a rescue team soon arrived. The ropes had cut off the blood circulation to her tail. She was badly hurt. Her rescuers didn't think she would survive. Hoping for a miracle and racing against time to save her, the rescuers transferred her to the Clearwater Marine Aquarium in Florida.The doctors managed to save Winter, but sadly, not her tail. Her tail flukes were too damaged and had to be removed so Winter could live.The little dolphin Winter survived against all odds, but she would never be able to swim normally without a tail. Thankfully the story doesn't end here. Winter was able to swim, but not very well. Because she didn't have a tail, she moved her body in a side-to-side motion like a shark. But the doctors at the aquarium were worried that the unconventional movement would hurt her spine.Kevin Carroll heard Winter's story and thought he could help. He is a specialist who designs and provides prostheses (义肢) for people. If he could help people, why not help a dolphin? He started working with Winter and came up with a solution for a new fluke and tail section.Kevin designed a stretchy sleeve to fit Winter's body and protect her skin. Then a tail made of silicone and plastic was made to tightly fit over the sleeve. Now Winter can swim like otherdolphins. And, she is a great inspiration to people who struggle with their own injuries.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.交友时勿以貌取人。
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression that such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss.◆River KayakingThe river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers inNorway.Prices From NOK 850 per person◆RaftingThe most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about8kmof breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.Season Daily May—OctoberPrices From NOK 1,120Info All necessary equipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel.◆Bavallsekspressen Chair LiftExplore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.Season: Sat/Sun 24 June—06 August 12:00-16:00Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250◆HusdyrparkenAt Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feeding and farm competitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the café. You can also visit a small museumwith old farming equipment.Season: Daily 18 June—21 AugustPrices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)1. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Local residents.B. Professional athletes.C. Travel experts.D. Common Tourists.2. Which of the following activities provide instructions for beginners?A. River Kayaking and Rafting.B. Husdyrparken and River Kayaking.C. Rafting and Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift.D. Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift and Husdyrparken.3. How much should Jan pay for a farm trip with her little son and her mother in Voss?A. NOK 240.B. NOK 200.C. NOK 180.D. NOK 120.BWhen I was young, my mother didn't have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4：30 inthe morning.We needevery one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you're not just quitting on yourself, but you're quitting on your country. No one's written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.No one's born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work.You're not a good athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practise.4. What can we learn from the first paragraph？A. The writer's home was very rich.B. The writer's mother was a teacher.C. The writer was born in a poor family.D. The writer didn't like reading books.5. What does the writer want everyone to do by improving their talents and skills？A. To quit on their country to earn more money.B. To help solve the most difficult problems.C. To write their own new destiny by working as a TV star.D. To spend some time writing books about their own life.6. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal？A. Because everyone's future is determined by themselves.B. Because eyeryone's future is to do simple work.C. Because everyone should do their homework.D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.7. How can people realise their great dreams？A. By rapping.B. By playing basketball.C. By being a reality star.D. By working hard.CAs a rider, Anna Kiesenhofe’s Olympics victory might be a surprise. The winner of the road race at the Tokyo Olympics left the sport at the end of 2017 when she found herself out of contract (合同). She came into Tokyo without a professional team and left as an Olympic champion.The 30-year old began her cycling career in 2014 after running injuries that prevented her from continuing her pursuits of triathlon (铁人三项). She later joined a Catalan team and won the Spanish National Cup in 2016.The then-26 year old signedher first professional contract with Lotto Soudal Ladies for the following season. However, she ended her 2017 campaign in April and did not sign a contract for 2018, eventually taking a year off the bike. In 2019, Kiesenhofer came back to the sport as a rider, winning the Austrian national road race. Despite her results, Kiesenhofer sill had no professional contract while going into the Tokyo Olympics.Kiesenhofer was the first rider to attack in the Olympic road race, eventually forming a breakaway along with Carl Oberholzer, Omer Shapira, Vera Looser and Anna Plichta, which went on to reach a gap of 11 minutes. AfterLooser and Oberholzer were dropped, Kiesnhofer ataced her two remaining breakaway companions.After Shapira and Plichta were caught by the peloton (主车群), the rest of the riders seemed to believe that they were racing among themselves for Gold, not knowing that Remehofere was still in front. While it might be a misjudgment from the rest of the peloton that allowed Kiesenhofer to keep her lead of more than two minutes, other riders’ mistakes should not detract from the Austrian’s efforts.Off the bike the new Olympic Champion has a PhD in mathematics after studying at the Technical University of Vienne as well as at Cambridge University. She currently works at the University of Lausanne.8. Why did Anna give up triathlon?A. She got injured.B. She lost interest in it.C. She had to attend university.D. She never won a medal.9. Which is the right order of the following events?①She ended her campaign.②She took a year off the bike.③She began her cycling career.④She won the Austrian national road race.⑤She won the Spanish National Cup.A. ③④①②⑤.B. ②③④①⑤.C. ③⑤①②④.D. ④②③①⑤.10. What were the riders of the peloton unaware of at the Tokyo Olympics?A. The road race was so difficult.B. Anna was a new rider.C. They had caught up with Anna.D. Anna took the lead of them.11. What is Anna’s present job?A. A cycling coach.B. A university teacher.C A professional rider. D. A college student.DSport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress canbe physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one wherevaluable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves.Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youngsters’ performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.12. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is_____________.A. to make sport less competitiveB. to increase their sense of successC. to reduce their mental stressD. to make sport more challenging13. According to the passage, sport is positive for young people in that_____________.A. it can help them learn more about societyB. it enables them to find faults in themselvesC. it can provide them with valuable experiencesD. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves14. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes_____________.A. believing that criticism does good to their early developmentB. without realizing criticism may destroy their selfconfidenceC. in order to make them remember life’s lessonsD. so as to put more pressure on them15. According to the passage parents and coaches should_____________.A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportB. help children to win every gameC. train children to cope with stressD. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sport第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市建平世纪中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案
2019-2020学年上海市建平世纪中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoeswill last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BSome years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly claim to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was limited to a little college French.I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, totally unfamiliar with local geography or transportation system？It seemed impossible, and with considerable regret. Suddenly a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment.There were some bad moments. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even advanced bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.The point is that the new, along with the different, is almost scary by definition. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a balloon. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can accomplish wonders.4. The author accepted the assignment because_________.A. he had never travelled abroad beforeB. he hardly knew any foreign languagesC. he was familiar with any other country in EuropeD. he would learn something new and different by trying5. Which of the following statements is TRUE？A. The author had been abroad only twice.B. The author thought the trip was hard but worthwhile.C. The author admitted that anything different was terrible.D. The author must be good at doing research and making interviews.6. We can infer from the text that the author is_______.A. awkwardB. generousC. stubbornD. brave7. What's the best title of the text？A. An Interesting Trip AbroadB. My First Writing AssignmentC. Ready to Try and ChallengeD. How to Be Daring and Brave.CFor years, Zach Ault, a father of three, enjoyed being physically active. He was even training for a half-marathon. But in 2017, he took time off to recover from an infection. After recovering, he tried to continue his runs but could not complete them. He was not able to spend time with his children. He had to cut back his job. Even sleeping as much as 16 hours a day made no difference in his condition.“His body had literally hijacked him and it wasn't going to allow him to push through, ” said Anne Ault, his wife. After months of testing, doctors announced their result-chronic fatigue syndrome, a disease that makes an individual feel extremely tired.This fatigue lasts more than six months and becomes worse after any kind of physical exertion (费力活动). Patients may have difficulty standing upright. They also may have trouble thinking, often described as a “brain fog”. There are no approvedtreatments, or even tests to help with diagnosis. There is no way to predict who will recover and who will have a severe case that lasts for years.Now the doctors at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are conducting a unique study to learn more about the condition. Zach Ault is one of the subjects in the study. When Ault rides an exercise bicycle, scientists measure how his leg muscles use oxygen. Afterward, doctors fit a special cap on Ault's head to measure electrical activity in his brain. They then send him to spend the night in an air-tight room where air has been removed with pipe for additional study. Scientists measure oxygen and carbon dioxide levels to tell how much energy Ault is using, minute by minute. “We're figuring out how his body adjusts to an exercise load, or a stress load.”“It's hard not knowing if or when I'm going to recover, ” he said. But Ault says the study did help him learn about the disease. And it gave him ideas about how to save up his energy.8. What was Zach Ault's life like before 2017?A. He was fond of exercising.B. He won several half-marathons.C. He spent much time lying in bed.D. He was busy looking after his children.9. How did the infection affect Zach Ault?A. He lost his job.B. He was unable to sleep.C. He became too weak to do sports.D. He was tired of running a half-marathon.10. What can we learn about chronic fatigue syndrome?A. It usually lasts no more than months.B. It is likely to cause thinking disorders.C. Patients with it need to stay in bed all day long.D. Patients with it should avoid any kind of exercise.11. What does Zach Ault think of the study?A. It helped him cure his illness.B. It helped him recover and stay fit.C. It taught him how to enjoy cycling.D. It brought him new ideas about fighting diseases.DBrain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep our brains clear out the memories we’ve made while we’re awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of. Forgetting is an active process, explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science. But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid eye movement (REM ) sleep period — or active sleep when we are thought to dream — special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting. What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing (MCH) neurons (神经元) sit in the hypothalamus (下丘脑): a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep, appetite and emotions. Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period, while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice, and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep, compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake. Study co-author Thomas Kilduff, director of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International, told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented. “This result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory — that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,” Kilduff explained.When asked what motivated the study, Kilduff said, “We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives, as well as diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Prior to thiswork, no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,” said Kilduff.12. What can we infer from paragraph 1?A. Forgetting is a passive process.B. The forgetting process is known to us.C. Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.D. Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.13. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. REM sleep patterns.B. Past researches.C. MCH neurons.D. A range of functions.14. Why did Kilduff’s team conduct the research?A. To publish the study in the journal Science.B. To know more about Alzheimer’s disease.C. To contribute to human’s forgetting.D. To explore our everyday lives.15. What can we know about MCH?A. MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns .B. MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.C. MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.D. MCH cells help mice performing better on learning.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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【题文】
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Great Speakers: Why Their Words Resonate (产生共鸣)
This year will mark 55 years since M artin Luther King, Jr. delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech, one that put him among the greatest speakers in history.
What gave “I Have a Dream” and other historic speeches ---such as Abraham Lincoln's “Gettysburg Address”and Winston Churchill's “We Shall Fight on the Beaches” ---such power that they are still distinctly remembered today?
Certainly, it demands perfect delivery. If J.F.Kennedy had gotten up there and mumbled (含糊地说) through his address, we probably wouldn't remember that he said, “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.” But there are more to a great speech.
A great speech seizes the historical moment. Franklin D. Roosevelt's classic line --- “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself” --- was delivered during his speech in 1933 at the worst point of the Great Depression. It inspired Americans to regain a sense of confidence and hope, Gerard Ha user, professor of communication at the University of Colorado, says, “A great speech resonates with problems that people are feeling and the expectations they have with respect to those problems.”
A great speech has a memorable tag line. The trick is to deliver a phrase the audience can start repeating, which allows the speaker to pause, and the audience to repeat louder. U.S. President Barack Obama is excellent at this. “When the audience is cheering, he pauses, and then continues to speak, and they cheer louder, so it builds to a kind of peak’’ Hauser says.
A great speech reminds listeners of great moments of the past, linking the speaker with history. Ronald Reagan was considered a master at this. His speech in 1980, as he accepted the presidential nomin ation, brought the audience back to America's first days. “Three hundred and sixty years ago, in 1620, a group of families dared to cross a mighty ocean to build a future for themselves in a new world,” he said, linking past to future with his appeal for “a new compact (契约) with America.’’
【答案】Many excellent speakers such as Martin Luther King, Abraham Lincoln are known for their prominent speech, because their speech can resonate. First, great speeches involve perfect dеlіvеrу and grab the historical momen t. Also, a great speech has a memorable tag line. Moreover, a. great speech possesses a memorable tag line. Finally, great speeches remind audience of great moments of the past, linking the speaker with history.
【解析】
【详解】本文属于一篇结构清晰的说明文。
从文章的标题不难看出本文的说明对象：伟大的演讲能和受众共鸣的原因because their speech can resonate；第一段二段提出了和细化了问题First, great speeches involve perfect dеlіvеrу and grab the historical moment. Also, a great speech has a memorable tag line. Moreover, a. great speech possesses a memorable tag line.；接下来的每一段阐述了伟大原因great speeches remind audience of great moments of the past, linking the speaker with history；将每段的原因说明清楚并用自己的语言加以提炼，然后用相应的连词组句成篇即可。
【标题】上海市建平中学2019届高三4月质量检测英语试题
【结束】。