2019版二轮复习英语通用版讲义：第二板块第三讲全篇思读着眼几点智取拉分题目含答案

第三讲全篇思读，着眼几点，智取拉分题目

高考担负着区分考生、选拔人才的功能，因此每篇完形填空中总有2～3道这样的较难题目成为考生取得优异成绩的“拦路虎”。导致这些题目错选的原因主要有以下几点：①解题信息比较隐含；

②干扰项迷惑性较强；③情感态度较难把握；④惯性思维所致。针对这些题目，考生除了需具备扎实的语言功底外，还应谨慎小心应对。本讲总结了解答完形填空的5大易错点，旨在让考生遇到此类题目时不要急于求成，要三思而判。

易错点1因缺乏全篇关联思维而错选

语篇层次题的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或几段甚至全篇，要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持这样一个原则——不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。

[典例1](2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41.jumped_at the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to 42.save a few dollars? ...

Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48.job was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49.clear that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50.pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51.apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 52.eventually,_to our lives. I managed to get an A in that __53__ and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54.classroom.

53. A．game B．presentation

C．course D．experiment

[分析]选C本题是典型的语篇层次题，只看题目所在的句子我们是无法确定答案的，此类题目需要综合全篇来找线索。本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为原词复现。第一段“was offering a ‘free’ course”中的course是第53空的原词复现，故选C项。

[典例2](2017·全国卷Ⅰ)

...

The 46.story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club 47.performed their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very 48.idea of communicating without speaking 49.attracted me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50.past.This newness just left me 51.wanting more.

After that, feeling the need to __52__ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings.I only learned how to 53.sign the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my

54.slow progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to 55.attend those meetings and learn all I could.

...

52．A.exercise B．explore

C．express D．explain

[分析]选B本题是语篇层次题，需要综合空格上一段和空格所在段落来寻找突破口。本题可以利用文章发展脉络解题。所节选部分文章发展脉络为：大学第一周我观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演→我被表演所吸引→我想进一步学习更多手语方面的知识→我参加俱乐部的会议。根据文章发展脉络可知，第52题是在作者观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演后感受到了进一步“探索”(explore)的必要。故答案为B项。

易错点2因不能正确区分形近(义近)词而错选

完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词或义近词让考生辨析，因为词形相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生对这些词掌握得不好或不着眼于语篇的意义便很容易选错。

[典例1](2018·天津高考) I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25.pride. Most important, I began to treat them like26.winners. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their 27.vacations,_we met every day and 28.practiced passing and kicking the football.

...

From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33.affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34.encouraged them. I helped them to see themselves __35__，and they built themselves into winners.

35．A.honestly B．individually

C．calmly D．differently

[分析]选D四个备选项在形式上非常相似，它们都是副词，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。联系上句中的“Instead of seeing my boys as losers”以及上文的“treat them like 26.winners”可知，此处是指“我帮他们用不同的方式(differently)看待自己”。honestly“老实地，诚实地”；individually“个人地”；calmly“平静地”。

[典例2](2017·江苏高考)For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, __36__ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases ...

36．A.travelling B．marching

C．pacing D．struggling

[分析]选D四个备选项在含义上比较相近，考生很容易因分不清它们的含义而失分。由空前的“look pityingly at the music students”以及空后的“heavy instrument cases”可知，Gabriel同情地看着那些背着重重的乐器箱子、艰难地穿过校园的音乐生，故struggle“艰难地行进”，符合语境。travel“长途行走，旅行”；march“齐步走，行进”；pace“来回踱步，走来走去”。

易错点3 因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选