2016新课标创新英语 人教版 必修一 Unit 4 Section 3

[语法初识]
[语法剖析]
[点津]关系词在句中的三个作用：连接主从句；指代先行词；在从句中充当成分。

The children that are injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.
在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。

There is a film (that) I'd like to see.
有一部电影我想去看。

2．which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。

Guilin is a city which has a history of 2，000 years.
桂林是座有2 000年历史的城市。

This is the hotel (which) I stayed at when I was travelling here.
这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的房子。

3．who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。

The man who is talking with my father is a policeman.
正在与我父亲谈话的那个人是警察。

The professor (who) you wish to see has gone abroad.
你希望见的那位教授出国了。

4．whom指人，who的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中可用who或that代替。

The woman (whom) you saw just now is our English teacher.
你刚才看见的那位女士是我们的英语老师。

I don't know the gentle man who I turned to for help yesterday.
我不认识我昨天向他寻求帮助的那位绅士。

5．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。

This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country.
这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。

He lives in a room whose window faces north.
他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。

即时演练1
选词填空(who, whom, that, which, whose)
①I don't know the girl whom/that/who you speak to.
②Wang Wei and Wang Kun were cycling along the river which/that is called Lancang River in China.
③Those boys who/that are playing tennis are my friends.
④The earthquake which/that happened in 1976 in Tangshan shocked the people all over the world.
⑤I looked up at my friend whose look on the face was determined.
The old man tried to write down all that he had gone through in his life.
这位老人尽力把他平生经历的事情都写下来。

2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

3．先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the largest ship that I have ever seen.
这是我曾经见过的最大的船。

4．当先行词被the very, the only, the same修饰时。

That's the only thing that we can do now.
那是目前我们唯一能做的事。

I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.
我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。

5．当先行词中既有人，又有物时。

We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。

6．当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。

Which is the book that you like most?
你最喜欢的书是哪一本？
即时演练2
用适当的关系词填空
①There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
②He prefers the apples that/which come from his parents' farm.
③I have read all the books that you gave me.
④This is the best TV series that has been shown this month.
⑤This is the only newspaper that I read in the morning.
[链接高考]
单句语法填空
1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that/which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
2．(2015·福建高考)ChinaToday attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
3．(2015·四川高考)The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
4．(2014·陕西高考)Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position.
5．(2014·四川高考)Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected.
6．(2014·重庆高考)We'll reach the sales targets in a month which we set at the beginning of the year.
7．(2013·湖南高考)Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths.
8．(2012·浙江高考)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, who,_for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
[针对演练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The boy who/that saved your grandma is my neighbor.
2．He is the man that/who/whom/不填I saw yesterday.
3．The book that/which/不填I bought yesterday is on English grammar.
4．Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn?
5．This is the biggest laboratory that/不填we have ever built in our school.
6．TheSoundofMusic is the first English film that/不填I have ever seen.
7．The place that/which interested me most was the Children's Palace.
8．Is there anyone in your class whose family is in the country?
9．Have you sent thank­you notes to the relatives from whom you received gifts?
10．The things and people that my grandpa told me when I was young still remain refresh in my mind.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．She was not on the train which_arrived_just_now．
她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。

2．I once lived in the house whose_roof_has_fallen_in．
我曾经住在这所屋顶已经倒塌的房子里。

3．This is the teacher (whom)_we_have_talked_about．
这就是我们谈论过的那个老师。

4．The man who_stole_your_car has been arrested.
偷你汽车的人已经被逮捕了。

5．Do you know the things and persons that_they_are_talking_about?
你知道他们讨论的事和人吗？
6．People whose_rents_have_been_raised can appeal.
房租被提高的人可以上诉。

7．This is the best movie (that)_I've_ever_seen．
这是我看到过的最好的一部电影。

8．Music is the only thing that_interests_me．
音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。

Ⅲ.短文改错
During the weekend I traveled by the air for the first time in my life. I usual travel by train or bus. It's both cheaper and safe. But to fly in the sky was something new to me. At the end I felt a little nervous. But very soon I became exciting when I found me high up in the sky among the clouds. I also found that mountains, fields, river and so on were interestingly small. I enjoy the frightening and comfortable journey very much. After all, it is more interesting take a plane than to take a car.
答案：第一句：去掉the air前的the
第二句：usual→usually
第三句：safe→safer
第五句：end→beginning/start
第六句：exciting→excited; me→myself
第七句：river→rivers
第八句：enjoy→enjoyed; and→but
第九句：interesting 后加to。