新融合大学英语综合教程3拓展材料-Unit 7
新世纪大学英语综合教程3 Unit7
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Optional Classroom Activities
Enhance Your Language Awareness
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Discussion Quotes Watching and Discussion
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新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程 3
Listen and Respond
Word Bank Task One Task Two
Unit 7
2. Before you start online learning, you should know the following EXCEPT ________. A) what skills you need B) where to find a course or program C) when the course starts and who will teach you D) what type of course delivery format will work best for you
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新世纪大学英语系列教材（第二版）综合教程 3
Get Started
Discussion Quotes
video
Unit 7
Watching and Discussion
1. The following five steps are given as to how to take online click here education classes. Step 1: Know what’s involved. Step 2: Beware of schools with too-good-to-be-true tuition. Step 3: Make sure the institution is both accredited and recognized. Step 4: Consider a program that mixes online classes and classroom instruction. Step 5: If you’re not sure you want to pursue a degree, start slowly with an online course. 10
全新版大学英语综合教程3 unit7 课后练习答案
Unit 7 练习答案P145. Keysluanguage Practice1.1)positive译文:如果你保持积极的状态的话,你会更有创造力并因而取得成功.2)insulted译文:谢尔顿说法官的话侮唇了他,3)negative译文:现在全球变暖有很多负面影响,但我认为最大的问题是全球变暖导玫极地冰盖的融化.4)repay译文:还清贷款需要30年的时间。
5)motivate译文: 要获得成功,你需要找到让你可以紧紧抓住的东西，可以激发你的积极性的东西。
6)shamed译文:他的大度使他们感到羞愧。
7)sacrifice译文:父母们愿意牺牲自己的时间和爱好为他们的孩子提供更好的条件。
8)extremely译文:索马里官方说经济的提升对和平尤为重要。
9)scream译文:当意大利足球队进入足球场时,一些观众开始尖叫起米10)announce译文:我们很抱款地通知大家,来自香港的航斑KA1305晚点。
11)incredibly译文: 这些野花在丽后看起来异常美丽.12)preference译文:我必须说我对古典音乐有偏好13)threaten译文:但是达些新技木也将会威胁到现有的工业,市场和工作。
14)unimaginable译文:这样快的速度在没有火车的时代是难以想象的。
15)pursue译文:他来到莫格兰投身演艺事业。
2,1)No one knows what motivated him to act in such a violent way.2)Her son's affair with a Russian model shamed the whole family.3)The president is calling us not to be cowardly and stand up to face the nation's past.4)She sacrificed family life to achieve her career dream as a famous artist.S)She felt they had insulted her by repeatedly ignoring her questions.译文:但是这些新技术也将会威胁到现有的工业,市场和工作.14)unimaginable译文:这样快的速度在没有火车的时代是难以想象的.15)pursue译文:她来到英格兰投身演艺事业。
大学英语综合教程第三册 Unit7 完整ppt课件
Life of a Salesman
Betrayed by a crippled body that leaves him in continual pain, betrayed by a changing world that no longer needs him, Bill Porter each day trudges his door-to-door sales territory, set on making his way in the world
Sunday, November 19, 1995
The portrait of Bill Porter
Part III Cultural Notes
Salesmanship: Sales promotion is an element of the marketing process that can close the sale of goods or services to a potential customer by providing the incentive to make a positive purchasing decision. Sales promotion, advertising, and salesmanship are the major techniques used in merchandising products to the public. Salesmanship often takes the form of a face-to-face encounter between the buyer and seller; the presentation is set up to convince customers that the product on sale is essential to their satisfaction. The lack of personal feedback between buyer and seller is sometimes considered a drawback of the advertising approach. Selling by telephone, although it is significantly less effective than personal selling, is still considered an important method of merchandising. In the 1980s, a growing promotional technique involved in-home shopping programs using cable television channels. In recent years with the help of the Internet online shopping is becoming popular.
大学英语综合教程3第7单元答案
Unit 7Language Sense Enhancement1.1) trapped 2）impatient 3) rushed about 4) future 5) rise above his limitations6) applied for 7) product 8) door-to-door 9) representative 10）gave in Vocabulary1.1) disabled 2) impatient 3) solitary 4) crushed 5) feel like 6) lashed7) echoing 8) paused 9) betrayed 10) laundry 11) section 12) tilted 2.1) cared for 2) hang on 3) was laid up with 4) are gaining on5) kicked up 6) went off 7) drop…off 8) straighten out3.1) sometimes didn’t register with her 2）in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes andboots scattered 3) was transferred from Father’s account to my account 4) a pledge to contribute 100,000 dollars to the Children in Need charity campaign 5) the most profitable business in that province4.1) gaining on, off balance, was laid up in, scar on 2) a cripple/crippled, surgery,limitations, in literature 3) commission, on the phone, his territory, never registers withUsage1.I never did go over these books, although I probably should have.2.I know this is a personal question. You don’t have to answer me if you don’t wantto.3.I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosophers than ithas.4.“I think you’re right.”—“I’m sure I am.”5.“He though that the condition was hereditary in his case.”—“Well, it might be.”6.“Sugar?”—“No. Maybe next time.”7.The house is only a building. It is a place to live, nothing more.8.DIANE: You didn’t! Tell me you didn’t!FATHER: Oh, yes. Anything for my children.Word Family1.1) bored 2) boredom 3) bored 4) boringly 5) boring2.1) encouraged 2) encouragingly 3) encouraging 4) encouragement3.1) frozen 2) freeze 3) freezing 4) freezer 5) freezeCloze1.1) off…feet 2) signature 3) commission 4) on the phone 5) laid up 6) surgery 7)territory 8) disorder 9) applying for 10) dignity2.1)didn’t 2) read 3) come 4) money 5) because 6) earning 7) doing 8) own 9)Obviously 10) valueTranslation11.I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallwayat midnight yesterday.2.The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12 months.3.Snowstorm threw communications and transportation into disorder.4.I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately. I feel like taking a vacation atthe seaside.5.Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations—for example, youdon’t have your own garden.2.Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being.Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for a Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative for a sportswear company in a territory no one else would want. Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him. Text BComprehension Check1)c 2)d 3)a 4)d 5)d 6) bTranslation1.当时我俩并未意识到这一点，但那就是我们之间开始拉开距离的日子，是开始在家庭内部重新界定劳动者意义的日子。
大学英语三(综合教程)第七单元
大学体验英语三（综合教程）Unit 7Drug AbuseListen and TalkLead in1) the drug, many people report feelings like happiness, confidence, or peace when they take drugs. But even when they're feeling these things, there's a sense that 2) , that the happiness is going to disappear any moment. And 3) , in most cases these feelings are followed by depression, anxiety, guilt, embarrassment, loneliness and a yearning for more drugs.Generally, drugs 4) the nervous system's basic functions. Sometimes they alter the muscles and how they function too. Besides, almost all drugs can make it tougher to sleep. Some drugs can cause immediate death, and some can give even healthy people a heart attack 5) . Using drugs over and over for a long period of time can cause lots of medical problems, from lung cancer to liver problems to 6) .7) the physical problems, drugs cause major long-term brain issues. Depression is a serious problem for many addicts. Also, they can really hurt people. Drug addicts almost without exception start to tell lies, steal money for drugs, sometimes even get 8) they love. Their biggest ambition becomes getting high, instead of setting high goals.Key:1. Depending on 2. it's not real 3. unfortunately 4. interfere with5. on the spot6. brain damage7. In addition to8. violent with peoplePassage A: Agony from Ecstasy2. Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.1) What kind of person was the author before she went to New Y ork?She was a popular kid that everyone liked.2) What did the author think of Ecstasy when she did it for the first time?She thought that it couldn't be harmful/bad.3) Why didn't the author stop using Ecstasy when she began to have paranoia?Because she thought that it was normal.4) What was the worst damage Ecstasy caused to her according to the author?It took away her sanity.5) What can we learn from the story of "Agony from Ecstasy"?Open.3. Choose the best answer to each question with the information from the passage.1. What does the author mean by saying "They were never a question" in Paragraph 2?A) Drugs were easily available to her at the time.B) Drugs were in ready supply when she got ill.C) Drugs were a normal part of her life at the time.D) D) Drugs never came into her life when she was a child.2. Why did the author begin to use drugs?A) Because she felt sick in a completely different environment.B) Because she was forced to by her new friends in New Y ork.C) Because she was curious and wanted to have a try.D) Because she wanted to have a closer tie with her new friends.3. How did the author feel when she did Ecstasy for the first time?A) Utterly frightened.B) Totally fascinated.C) Completely shocked.D) Slightly disgusted.4. When the author says toward the end of the passage "Since I saw that scan, my life has been an uphill crawl", she means that ________.A) she has again set up a high goal for her lifeB) she has determined to pursue an acting careerC) she has started a life which will be very difficult to keep upD) she has realized that her life was in ruins5. The last sentence of this passage suggests that ________.A) many drug abusers never had the opportunity to return to normalB) drug abusers can get rid of the bad habitC) the author has let a second chance pass byD) the author has taken up Ecstasy once againAnwser: 1.D, 2.D, 3.B, 4.C, 5.A4.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word.The woman uses her personal experiences with the drug Ecstasy to warn others of its dangerous effects. She grew up in a small town in Pennsylvania but moved to New Y ork City to a___acting school, and it was here that she first came into c___with drugs. Many of her school friends were drug users and, in an effort to f ___in, she began to use them too. Her story is t___of many drug addicts. She went from someone who used drugs for fun to someone who couldn’t live without them. Finally she had some kind of a b___. Luckily for her, her mother drove to New Y ork to r___her and she ended up back in Pennsylvania in hospital. She was s with horror when she saw her brain scan which showed that Ecstasy had had p____effects on her brain.Anwser: 1.attend 2.contact 3.fit 4.typical 5.breakdown6.rescue7.shocked8.permanent5. One word is wrongly used in each of the following sentences. Underline the wrong word and write out the correct one.Model:It was difficult for us to understand his confused ideas. (confusing)1. He is fed up with the skyscrapers, noise, pollution and traffic jams that are part of rural life.He is fed up with the skyscrapers, noise, pollution and traffic jams that are part of rural life. (urban)2. A wise mother never discloses her children to the slightest possibility of danger.A wise mother never discloses her children to the slightest possibility of danger.(expose s)3. The truck driver involving in a serious traffic accident was arrested for drunk driving.The truck driver involving in a serious traffic accident was arrested for drunk driving. (involved)4. A few large mirrors in the room would give the illustration of extra space.A few large mirrors in the room would give the illustration of extra space.(illusion)5.The stronger the motivate, the better a person will learn a foreign language.The stronger the motivat e, the better a person will learn a foreign language.(motivation)6. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.confusion creep curt deepen exposenightmare pulse somewhat throb ulter1. As I came to know more about classical music, my love for it ___ .2. The soldiers in the open field ___ to the enemy's gunfire and many of them got killed or wounded.3. I saw a little girl ___ up comfortably in an armchair reading a children's magazine.4. The long climb up the hill made our heart ___ .5. For many years, the September 11 attack on the World Trade Center in New Y ork will remain a ___ for the American people.6. Don't bother about him. What he has said is ___ nonsense.7. The explosion at the crowded market place caused great ___ in the small town.8. The doctor felt the patient's ___ on her wrist and then took her temperature.9. After the intensive training, they became ____ more confident than they used to be.10. The sight of the rats running about in the house made my flesh ___ .Anwser: 1. deepened 2. were exposed 3. curl 4. throb 5. nightmare6. utter7. confusion8. pulse9. somewhat 10. creep7. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Makechanges where necessary.1. He was sentenced to 2 years in prison, and ___ that, all his property was confiscated.2. The chairman talked and talked, and it seemed ___ the meeting would never end.3. Drugs and alcohol have put this young man ___ utter physical ruin.4. As a leading producer of spare parts for airplanes, our company is a long way ___ other companies.5. The bank robber has been sentenced to a ten-year imprisonment. ____ he had known the consequence before he committed the robbery.Anwser:1. on top of 2. as if 3. in a state of 4. ahead of 5. If only8. T ranslate the following sentences into English.1. 许多人认为这种药有助于睡眠，而我只能暗自感叹：“要是他们知情就好了。
全新版大学英语综合教程第三册教案Unit7
全新版大学英语综合教程第三册教案Unit7Unit 7 Making a livingⅠ. Suggested Teaching PlanObjectivesStudents will be able to:understand the main idea (Bill Porter the salesman will never give in) and structure of the text (4 parts, 2 flashbacks);appreciate the characteristics of journalistic writing;grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.Time Allotment1st period2nd period3rd period4th period5th periodPre-reading; While-reading (structure)While-reading (Parts I-II; Parts III-IV)While-reading; Post-reading (discussion)Post-reading; Check on Ss’ home reading (Text B)Theme-Related Language Learning T asksPre-reading Activities1. T asks Ss the following questions on the song: (5 minutes)Why does Onetta think it worthwhile to work hard day after day? (People need her; some people care for her; she keeps her integrity by working hard.)Would you rather have a low paid job that is interesting or awell-paid job that is boring?2. Role play: Classroom salesman (25 minutes)T lets Ss read the title of Text A, then announces that the class is to do a role-play. One student will act as a salesperson. All other students will act as his / her potential customers.T appoints a student with a relatively advanced level of English to act as the salesperson. He / She will leave the classroom, think of a product to sell, and plan his / her sales talk. The product should be relevant to campus life.After the salesperson leaves the classroom, T selects several Ss at random. Only they can buy from the salesperson. All other Ss must come up with an excuse not to buy.T invites the salesperson back into the classroom. He / she has 10 minutes to close a deal.Ss discuss with their neighbors the qualities of a good salesperson.3. T leads in to the text by saying: From the role-play we know the sale of goods is rather a difficult job. It is even more difficult for a handicapped person, like Bill Porter in Text A. (1 minutes) While-reading activities1. Text structure (9 minutes)1) Ss scan the text to see if there is any natural division of parts in the text. (Asterisks divide the text into 4 parts.) Ss read the first paragraph of each part, locate the time words or references to time. (They are: 5:45, 7:45, “This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m.”, after 7 p.m.) By then Ss will realize that the text is about a typical day of salesman Bill Porter.T explains language points in Parts I - II and gives Ss practice (see Language Study). (25 minutes) Ss re-read Parts I - II to finda flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding and following the flashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)T explains language points in Parts Ⅲ-Ⅳand gives Ss practice (see Language Study). (35 minutes)Ss re-read Parts III — IV to find another flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding and following the flashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)Post-reading Activities1. Group discussion (25 minutes)1) Ss form groups to discuss the following questions:What has Bill Porter been struggling for all his life? Do you think it is worth his efforts?How do you feel about Bill Porter? Why?What characteristics of journalistic writing do you find in this article?Some groups report to class.T explains in more detail the characteristics of journalistic writing (see Text Analysis).T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (30 minutes) T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B). (3 minutes)Ss do Part IV: Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)do the pre-reading task;preview Text A.Ⅱ.Text AnalysisThis article first appeared in a newspaper; therefore it carries many characteristics of journalistic writing.First of all, a journalist tries to be objective in reporting. As a result, third-person narrative is usually preferred over first-person narrative. Moreover, the journalist would not make any comments to reveal his / her feelings, but simply give the facts.Secondly, an eye-catching beginning helps lure readers to linger more on the story out of an overwhelming number of stories offered by the day’s newspaper. For example, at the beginning of this story, we learn that it takes our physically deformed hero great efforts to get up so as to do something important, yet what is this something? We are kept in suspense until the fourth paragraph.Thirdly, the vocabulary is simple, the sentences and paragraphs short, sometimes elliptical (see after-text exercise on ellipsis). When needs (for emphasis, to list a series of rapidly conducted activities, etc.) arise, a paragraph is as short as one sentence.Lastly, conversations can be transcribed word for word if they illustrate the theme, like the one in the text between Bill Porter and his indecisive female customer.Ⅲ. Cultural Notes1. Salesmanship: Sales promotion is an element of the marketing process that can close the sale of goods or services to a potential customer by providing the incentive to make a positive purchasing decision. Sales promotion, advertising, and salesmanship are the major techniques used in merchandising products to the public. Salesmanship often takes the form of a face-to-face encounter between the buyer and seller; the presentation is set up to convince customers that the product on sale is essential to their satisfaction. The lack of personal feedback between buyer and seller is sometimes considered adrawback of the advertising approach. Selling by telephone, although it is significantly less effective than personal selling, is still considered an important method of merchandising. In the 1980s, a growing promotional technique involved in-home shopping programs using cable television channels. In recent years with the help of the Internet online shopping is becoming popular.The traveling salesman appeared late in the 19th century both in Europe and in the U.S. The early itinerant peddler carried his goods on his back or on his horse, working his way from a port city through the hinterlands. With the coming of the railroad and the assurance given to sellers by new credit-reporting systems, salesmen with their sample cases moved across the land. Persuasive skill was less important in those days of unsatisfied demand, and orders were readily forthcoming. By 1900, however, with the increasing supply of manufactured goods, buyers became more discriminating in their purchases. Greater attention was given to training the sales force and to providing buyer incentives. The growth of industrialization and urban living led to the development of merchandising as a major business endeavor. The use of sales promotion practices experienced steady growth in the 20th century.The techniques of sales promotion are used both to motivate salespersons to improve their performance and to induce consumers to purchase goods and services. Although sales promotion works most closely with advertising, it is also related to other elements of marketing: production services, packaging, price, and distribution. At the manufacturing and wholesale levels of distri-bution, the methods used to motivate personnel to meet specific goals usually fall into two categories —salesincentive prizes (such as merchandise, travel, or cash awards) and sales contests. Both are based upon the salesperson reaching an objective above the normal salesquota.Consumer promotions encompass a wide variety of techniques, including sampling of goods or services, store redeemable “money-off’ coupons to encourage the trial of products, special price-reduced packages, mail-in premium merchandise offers, cash or coupon refunds by mail, special product packaging, contests, and sweepstakes. During recessionary periods, when the demand for consumer expendable dollars becomes more competitive, there is greater participa-tion in refund, coupon, and premium offers. More than half the households in the U.S. take advantage of some sales promotion offers each year.Sales promotion, now fully recognized as a vital element in the marketing mix, has become a multibillion dollar industry. In recent years, sales promotion expenditures have exceeded monies spent on advertising and there are strong indications that this pattern of growth will continue to maintain its economic edge.Ⅳ. Language Study1. linger: 1) spend a long time doing sth.Examples: My daughter used to linger long over her meal.There will be no time to linger—the press conference will begin in a few minutes.2) stay for a long time, esp. because one does not want to leaveExamples: It is a dreary little town where few people would choose to linger.He was still lingering around the stadium long after the game was over.2. scar: a mark left on the skin by a wound, burn, etc. after it has healedExamples: It’s easy to recognize the little boy because he has a scar on his left arm.The witness told the police that the criminal had a scar on his forehead.vt. leave a scar onExamples: The burns were so severe that he will be scarred for life.Her face was scarred by smallpox.So, too, do the voices of those who...: The voices of those who ... also echo in his soul. dignity: the quality of being worthy of honor or respectExamples: A physician shall be dedicated to providing competent medical service with com-passion and respect for human dignity.Some think that cloned human beings will be deprived of freedom or dignity or personal identity. They hold on to the faith that the value of life depends on its dignity and not its success.5. cripple: 1) cause to become unable to move or walk properlyExamples: At the beginning of the year 2000 crippled children were on state lists to receive care.Peter’s father was crippled by a stroke.2) damage or harm (sb./sth.) seriouslyExamples: Shootings and robberies of tourists over the past several years had crippled the tourist industry in Miami. The terrorists’ attack has not crippled the US economy.6. betray: show a lack of loyalty to; give or show (sb. / sth.) to an enemyExamples: According to the Gospels of Matthew and Mark, greed made Judas betray Jesus to the chief priest for 30 pieces of silver.He was accused of betraying his country during the war.It turned out that he was an informer, and, betrayed the plan to the Germans.7. gain on: come closer to, esp. a rival or sth. pursuedExamples: Hurry up — they are gaining on us!She was gaining on her opponents throughout the race, but only overtook them at the very end.8. tremble: shake from cold, fear, weakness, etc.Examples: Her hands grew very cold and trembled so that she could hardly hold the flag. Madison was extremely pale and trembled excessively as he began his inaugural address.For much of the day the pavements tremble from the weight of passing traffic.9. kick up: (cause to) riseExamples: The horses kicked up a cloud of dust.The boys kicked up the leaves that lay thick upon the ground with the coming of autumn.10. tilt: (cause to) move into a sloping positionExamples: The pilot can tilt the helicopter forward, backward, or to either side.In the northern hemisphere, the sun climbs high in the sky and the days are long in summer, when the northern end of th e earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun.n.Examples: The Leaning Tower of Pisa is renowned for itsmarked tilt.The amount of daylight in a day varies throughout the year, based on the tilt of Earth’s axis.11. lean: (cause to) be in a sloping position; bendExamples: He leaned his bike against the wall.She leaned over the bridge to look at the boats passing beneath it.a. producing little of value; containing little or no fatExamples: The company has apparently recovered from several lean years.The recession and lean state budgets continued to trouble school officials.We like to eat very lean and tender meat.12. delivery: 1) the process of birthExamples: Women who do manual work have easy deliveries. In the end, it was an easy delivery:a fine baby boy.2) the delivering of letters, goods, etc.Examples: Federal Express Corporation provide rapid delivery of packages, letters, and other shipments within the United States and worldwide.Most newspapers offer home delivery.13. section: any of the parts into which sth. is dividedExamples: This article consists of ten major sections.Newspapers typically have sections for local news, sports, arts and entertainment, business, and classified advertising.14. disorder: disturbance of the normal working of the body or mind; lack of order Examples: Severe vitamin and mineral deficiencies can lead to mental disorders. Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese practice that treats disorders by insertingneedles under the skin.The school authorities took immediate action to stop campus violence and disorder.15. transfer: move from one place to another (usu. used in the pattern: transfer sth. / sb. (from...to)) Examples: Transferring Peter from Tokyo to the Boston office was a smart idea. Power was transferred from the President to the Vice President while the President received medical treatment.Commercial airports are designed to transfer passengers and freight to and from aircraft. Creditsearned at junior colleges could be transferred to another institution where students could complete their final years of college.He was transferred from Crystal Palace to Arsenal for ￡ 2.5 million.16. limitation: lack of abilityExamples: Electric cars could travel only a short distance before they needed recharging, due to the limitations of battery technology.Acupuncture is good for some medical conditions but it has its limitations.As a student he recognized his limitations, but did little to improve himself.17. apply for: make a formal request forExamples: I applied for five jobs before I was offered this one.According to the school regulations students will have to apply for permission to study abroad. 18. representative: a person who represents othersExamples: Egypt, Israel, and the representatives of the Palestinian people will participate in negotiations on theresolution of the Palestinian problem.Representatives from more than 170 nations converged on Paris for the Earth Summit.19. literature: 1) printed material used to advertise or promote a productExamples: My friend is sending me literature from two other companies that provide a similar service.There is quite a lot of literature available on the history of computers.2) writings that are valued as works of artExamples: Many readers consider the novel the most flexible type of literature.The graduate school offers master’s or doctoral degree programs for advanced study in such liberal arts and science fields as history, chemistry, physics, and literature.20. pledge: a solemn promiseExamples: They made a pledge to accomplish the task.The boy made a pledge to get straight A’s at the end of the semester.vt.Examples: Member nations of the UN pledge to settle their disputes peacefully and to refrain from using force.They have pledged not to dump hazardous wastes into the river.21. retail: the practice of selling goods in small quantities to the general publicExamples: Wal-Mart is a company that operates a variety of retail chain stores.Department stores refer to large retail stores selling many different kinds of merchandise arranged in separate departments.22. transit: passage through or across; a system of urban public transportationExamples: Our fleet made the transit through the Panama Canal without any difficulty.The president wants to improve the nation’s highways and mass transit systems.23. strain: injure (the body or the part of it) or make it weak by too much effortExamples: Swimming does not strain joints and connective tissue as much as many other forms of exercise.He strained his back when he removed the piano with his friends.n. a severe demand on mental or physical strength, resources, abilities, etc. (followed by on) Examples: Some young white collar workers are complaining about their job strain.She has been under terrible strain since her company was bankrupted.The vast expansion in college education is putting an enormous strain on the system.24. useless: not fulfilling the intended purposeExamples: Preventing the country from purchasing oil crippled its army and made its navy and air force completely useless.Overpopulation and overcropping are turning approximately 14 million acres a year of formerly fertile land into barren and economically useless wasteland.25. limb: a leg or an arm; a large branch of a treeExamples: The small size a nd weight of dogs’ feet and limbs require less energy to move.No attempt should be made to move broken limbs untilmedical help arrives.The flag was hanging from the limb of a big tree.26. off balance: in an unsteady position or about to fallExamples: The motorcycle knocked him off balance and he fell down on the ground.The sudden pull threw me off balance.27. territory: land a country controls or ownsExamples: The government denies that any of its territory is under rebel control.A country’s embass y in a foreign country is considered its own territory.28. on the phone: be talking to sb. using the phoneExamples: Please wait outside for a moment; the manager is on the phone.She is always on the phone, wanting to know what her husband has been up to.29. register: 1) be recognized or noted mentallyExamples: On occasions what I said didn’t register in my daughter’s brain.The professor’s name didn’t register with the students.2) record a name, an event, etc. for official purposesExamples: The new students were told that they must register with the University before they could claim their grants.The newly purchased apartment is registered in her name, not her husband’s.30. laundry: clothes or sheets, etc. that have been or need to be washedExamples: The new model washing machine offers numerous settings for washing different types and quantities of laundry.A good deal of laundry had accumulated during the past twoweeks, as our washing machine didn’t work.31. profitable: bringing profit or advantageExamples: The trading department of the investment bank buys and sells securities when prof-itable opportunities arise.Based in New York City, Random House owns many of the most prestigious and profitable book publishing companies in the United States.The trade of opium, a highly profitable product for British merchants and eventually an illegal import into China, led to the Opium Wars.I didn’t find the talk very profitable. On the contrary, I thought it was nonsense.32. off one’s feet: no longer s tandingExamples: After the operation the old man had to stay off his feet.The doctor checked his left foot carefully and said he would have to stay off his feet for about two weeks.33. commission: money paid to sb. for selling goods which increases with the quantity of goodssoldExamples: If a salesperson is paid on commission, the amount they receive depends on the amount they sell.Peter gets 10% commission on every photocopier he sells.34. surgery: treatment of injuries or diseases by cutting or removing parts of the body Examples: People have practiced surgery since ancient times, but it did not become a respected science the 19th cent the 19th century.Surgery is the fastest and most effective treatment for tumors that are detected early.35. be laid up (with): stay in bed, be unable to work, etc.Examples: Our math teacher has been laid up in bed with acute flu for a week.The football player was laid up with a twisted knee.36. signature: a person’s name written by herself or himselfExamples: In law, signatures are put at the end of a legal instrument to show that it is valid.A testator unable to write may make an X, and such a mark is considered a valid signature.37. in time: punctually, not too late; eventuallyExamples: The couple have just arrived in time for lunch.She set the alarm so she would wake up in time to go to school.38. go off: (of electric power, a light, etc.) stop functioning or operatingExamples: All the lights suddenly went off and the stadium was plunged into darkness.。
综合教程第3册_Unit7课后练习答案
Unit 7 Making a Living Text A Life of a Salesman Part II Text A V ocabulary: 1) disabled 2) impatient 3) solitary 4) crushed 5) feel like 6) lashed 7) echoing 8) paused 9) betrayed 10) laundry 11) section 12) tilted 2. 1) cared for 2) hang on 3) was laid up with 4) are gaining on 5) kicked up 6) went off 7) drop ... off 8)straighten out 3. 1) … sometimes didn't register with her. 2)… in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes and boots scattered. 3)… was transferred from Father's account to my account. 4)… a pledge to contribute 1000,000dollars to the Children in Needed charity campaign. that province. 5)… the most profitable business in 4. 1) gaining on; off balance; was laid up in; scar on 2) a cripple\ crippled ; surgery , limitations, in literature. 3) commission ; on the phone ; his territory ; never registers with II. Usage 1.I never did go over these books, although I probably should have. 2.I know this is a personal question. You don't have to answer me if you don't want to. 3.I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosophers than it has. 4."I think you're right." — "I'm sure I am." —"Well, it might be." 5."He thought that the condition was hereditary in his case." 6."Sugar?" ---- "No. Maybe next time." 7.The house is only a building. It is a place to live, nothing more. THER: Oh, yes. 8.DIANE: Y ou didn't! Tell me you didn't! FAAnything for my children. III. Word Family1.1) bored 2) boredom 3) bored 4) boringly 5) boring 2. 1) encouraged 2) encouragingly 3) encouraging 4) encouragement 3. 1) frozen 2) freeze 3) freezing 4) freezer 5) freeze Comprehensive ExercisesI Cloze 1. Text-related 1) off … feet 2) signature 3) commission 4) on the phone 5) laid up 6) surgery 7) territory 8) disorder 9) applying for 10) dignity 2. Theme-related 1）didn didn’’t 2) read 3) come 4) money 5) because 6) earning 7) doing 8) own 9) obviously 10) value II. Translation1. I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday. 2. The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12months. 3. Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder. 4. I ’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately, I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside. 5. 5. Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations--- Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations--- for example, you don ’t have your own gardens. 6. Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pa for his dignity as a human being. Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative for a sportswear company in a territory no one else would want. Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him. 。
新标准大学英语_综合教程3_课后答案unit7
新标准大学英语_综合教程3_课后答案unit7新标准大学英语_综合教程3_课后答案unit7 Unit7Active reading(1)Can bad luck be explained?Language points1Part of the explanation for bad luck is mathematical, but part is psychological.(Para2)The sentence means bad luck is not only a matter of the odds for or against something happening,but ofour memories and attitudes.2This popular notion would be unlikely to stand the scrutiny of any scientific study…otherwise the phra se would never have arisen in the first place.(Para 3)To stand the scrutiny of any scientific study means to survive any scientific examination.The expression in the first place is used to mean what someone did or should have done at the start of a situation,eg I wish I’d never got involved i n the first place.3So badness is much better represented as being on a spectrum rather than something which is thereor not there.(Para5)The sentence means that badness is not an either/or quality,but a matter of degree,and it exists on a continuum.4When it comes to bad things happening in threes,what may be most important of all is the durationand memorability of the first event.(Para7)The sentence means that the impact of the first unpleasant event and the length of time we remember it isthe critical factor in the origin of the common idea that threebad events often occur together.Unit7The secret life of science2305The timescale has been extended as long as is necessary to confirm the original prophecy.(Para8)The idea behind the sentence is that after one bad event, people predict two more and will wait a long timeif necessary for them to happen and so to prove the prediction.6But it is more likely that a friend will tell you“three bad things havehappened to me,isn’t thatty pical”than“only two bad things have happened to me, which just proves that the theory doesn’twork”.(Para9)Some times after the second bad event,nothing happens for a long time.We could tell people that ourexperience shows that the idea that bad luck comes in threes is wrong.But we do not.That seems to beasking for a third piece of bad luck to come along.Instead we wait for the third event and then say the oldtheory has been proved yet again.7It is related to probability and independence.(Para10) Probability means how events are connected to one another, how probable it is something will happen.Independence refers to how much interdependence there is between events.8One of the best examples of selective memory…(Para16)A selective memory means remembering only some facts oronly what we want to.We select somememories and reject others.Reading and understanding2Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1Murphy’s Law is(a).(a)a popular belief(b)a scientific law(c)a classical theory(d)a statistical calculation2Bad luck(b).(a)can be explained by science(b)can be partly blamed on strange coincidences(c)only really exists in people’s minds(d)is impossible to explain3“Bad luck”is a problematic concept because(a).(a)it is relative;some things are more“bad”than others(b)it suggests a connection between science and morality(c)luck is never good or bad by definition(d)it encourages people not to take responsibility for their own actions4Unlucky events seem to come in threes because(b).(a)three is an unlucky number in most cultures(b)the mind wants to make connections between events(c)we don’t notice single unlucky events(d)we can’t remember more than three connected events The secret life of science Unit72315For some people,unlucky events are connected because (d).(a)they are psychologically weaker than other people(b)they have better memories than other people(c)they define bad luck differently from other people(d)the first unlucky event has an effect on them which makes the second event more likely6The writer says map reading is a frustrating experience because(a).(a)the destination will often be marked very near the edge of the map(b)it is difficult to consult a street atlas while you’re i n a car(c)the destination is unlikely to be marked in the middle of the map(d)modern road maps have not been well designed7The writer says we believe that traffic lights are always re d when we’re ina hurry because(b).(a)traffic lights spend more time on red than green(b)we hardly notice when the lights are green(c)red lights are a source of stress(d)red lights appear more often when a driver is in a hurry 8The examples of map reading and traffic lights both show that(a).(a)we are often too ready t o interpret a neutral event as“bad”(b)if we are in a hurry,something bad will usually happen(c)journeys need to be carefully planned to avoid things going wrong(d)bad luck is a direct result of stress and anxiety Dealing with unfamiliar words3Match the words in the box with their definitions.1something harmful or unpleasant that happens to someone (misfortune)2neither positive nor negative(neutral)3relating to or involving mathematics(mathematical)4weak or easy to hurt physically or mentally(vulnerable) 5happening or coming after something else(subsequent) 6the number of times that something happens during a period of time(frequency)4Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.1Some people seem to blame all their misfortunes on bad luck.2Many people would argue that there is no such thing as bad luck;all events are neutral.3The frequency with which things seem to go wrong may depend on things like health factors.4Is it a mathematical certainty that toast will always fall butter side down?5We need to help the most vulnerable people in our society. 6If you’re depressed,and one thing goes wron g,all subsequent events are likely to seem negative too.5Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.You may need to makeother changes.1Which is the quickest way to the town centre?(route) Unit7The secret life of science2322Our math teacher’s lesson included part of yesterday’s lecture.(overlapped)Our math teacher’s lessen overlapped with yesterday’s lecture.3You’ll find the statistics department in the building next to this one.(adjacent)4Unfortunately,two hundred people lost their jobs lastmonth.(sacked)Unfortunately,two hundred people weresacked last month.5Why do certain groups of letters stay close together in this language?(cluster)6The office will be closed for the whole period of the Christmas holidays.(duration)6Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1If you subject something to scrutiny,do you look at it (a)carefully,or(b)superficially?2If something is marginally interesting,is it of(a) great interest,or(b)limited interest?3If a problem is alive and kicking,(a)can you ignore it,or(b)must you do something about it?4Is a reminder intended to(a)keep you awake,or(b)stop you forgetting?5If you are made redundant,have you(a)been given a job, or(b)lost your job?6If something crops up,were you(a)expecting it,or(b) not really expecting it to happen?7If you duplicate a document,do you(a)send it to someone, or(b)make a copy of it?8Do two consecutive events happen(a)at the same time,or(b)one after the other?9After physical exertion,do most people feel(a)tired, or(b)full of energy?Active reading(2)Language points1My research had persuaded me that musicality is deeply embedded in the humangenome…(Para1)Genome is a complete set of genes of an organism.Musicality refers to a natural interest in and ability for music.2…if only I took a few lessons I would find my voice. (Para1) The sentence means if I would have some music lessons,I would soon learn to sing nicely.3As well as testing whether I could improve my tone,pitch and rhythm…(Para2)The pitch refers to the quality of sound we speak of in terms of high and low.The tone is the fixedvibration of the vocal cords producing a pleasing sound. The dynamics(Para5,Line5)are volume andstyle of a sound.4With the help of functional MRI he had begun to identify…(Para2)A functional MRI,functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, is a scanner which detects amounts andwhereabouts of brain activity.5We agreed that…covering various musical tasks such as sustaining a pitch,singing scales and inrhythm.(Para3)To sustain a pitch means to keep to a musical key;to sing scales means to move up and down a musicalscale;to sing in rhythm means to maintain a beat.6Later,he would process the images…to give snapshots of the mental activity involved.(Para4)To give snapshots of something means to give a series of images of something.7On a few occasions when singing with my wife we both experienced fleeting feelings of emotionalintimacy as our voices blended into one…(Para5)The sentence means all of a sudden we both had momentswhen we felt closer to one another as we sangthe same notes at the same time.8Encore!(Subtitle)Encore is the French word for again,shouted at the end of good performances asking for a little more.Here,the writer is happy with the outcome though not with his singing.The secret life of science Unit7237Reading and understanding2Number the events in the order they occurred.2He drew up a plan with a researcher and a teacher.3He had a couple of lessons and learnt how to read music. 9He discovered changes in the way his brain worked.5He learnt how to breathe properly.1The writer decided he wanted to learn to sing.8He had a second brain scan.4He had a brain scan.7He became depressed with his slow progress.6He did exercises to develop a sense of rhythm.3Choose the best answer to the questions.1Why did the writer take part in the experiment?(a)To sing with his wife.(b)To find out more about his brain.(c)To do research for a book about Neanderthal humans.(d)To investigate the relationship between singing and brain activity.2How did the experiment affect his family life?(a)He spent a lot of time singing with his wife and children.(b)He made his children practise late at night.(c)He disturbed his children by singing late at night.(d)His marriage nearly came to an end.3What results did the experiment show?(a)There is no connection between singing ability and brain activity.(b)It is not possible to sing lying down.(c)Regular brain scans can improve singing ability.(d)There is a connection between singing ability and brain activity.4What conclusion did the writer reach?(a)He will never be able to sing well.(b)Some people will never be able to sing.(c)Learning to sing is a complex and mysterious process.(d)Everyone can learn to sing,but it takes time. Dealing with unfamiliar words4Match the words in the box with their definitions.1to continue trying to achieve something difficult (persevere) 2used for showing that something you say is really true (literally)3a new business or activity(venture)4the belief that you are able to do things well (confidence) 5to provide the conditions in which something can happen or exist(sustain)6feeling annoyed and impatient(frustrated)Unit7The secret life of science2385Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.I never thought I would become a musician.I’ve always liked music,but didn’tstudy it at school and Ifound it a bit(1)frustrating not to be able to read music or to sing in tune.That is,until the day I decidedto learn to play the piano.It was quite a difficult(2) venture at first.The hardest thing was to(3)persevere with practice.But little by little I began to makeprogress,and,with it,to grow in(4)confidence.In fact, I managed to(5)sustain the enthusiasm to such an extent that,at the age of35,I gave up my job as a data analyst to become a professional musician.In my case, music(6)literally changed my life.6Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1When I play the piano I usually mix different styles such as jazz and classical.(blend)2One of my favourite pieces of music is called The Planets. (entitled)3I thought I would learn quickly,but I was clearly mistaken.(evidently)4How much is left if we take off80euros from your fee? (subtract)5The photocopier is broken,but you can use the machine which copies images and stored them on acomputer.(scanner)6To have such wonderful children has been a great source of happiness for us both.(blessing)7The new hospital is open now,but it isn’t working as it should.(functional)7Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1If you are haunted by something,do you think about it(a)often,or(b)hardly ever?2If you are turned off from something,do you(a)show interest in it,or(b)lose interest in it?3When someone collaborates with you,do they(a)help you, or(b)prevent you from doing what youwant to do?4Are the rudiments of musical knowledge(a)the basic facts,or(b)the most recent discoveries?5Does a precocious child show skills and intelligence(a) above,or(b)below the average?6Are excerpts from a film or a piece of music(a)short extracts,or(b)critical reviews?7If you do something in the intimacy of your own home, do you expect(a)strangers,or(b)only yourown family to see you do it?8If you stumble,do you(a)fall and then keep going,or (b)fall and stop completely?9If you feel elated about something,do you feel(a)very happy,or(b)very sad?Reading and interpreting8Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1The title“The diva within”suggests that(b).(a)artists have very private lives(b)anyone can be a good singer(c)great musicians are born,not made(d)to become a good singer,you have to think a lot2The word encore is used because(d).(a)it refers to a second performance of something(b)it is usually used in a musical context(c)it suggests that people are happy with a performance(d)all three of the above reasonsThe secret life of science Unit72399Decide if the writer’s experiences are motivating(M) or frustrating(F).1writing a book called The Singing Neanderthals(M)It inspires him to do all sorts of interesting research. 2his childhood experience with a music teacher(F)He felt humiliated.3meeting Larry Parsons at the University of Sheffield(M) He offered new ways he could pursue his research.4listening to Pam sing(M)He found it beautiful and wanted to learn more about the human relationship with music.5monitoring his own progress as a student of singing(F) He says he got frustrated in Paragraph 5.6the effect on family life as he practised(F)His singing wasn’t good for his family life.7lying still during the second brain scan(F)In Paragr aph6,it says“Lying still was even more frustrating than the last time because I had learned that moving my body was as important to singing as was flexing my vocal cords.”8leaving the scanner after the second brain scan(M) The writer was elated that his work for the experiment was done.9seeing the results of the second scan(M)The results of the research confirmed his ideas.Now decide whether the writer was pleased with the results of the experiment and give reasons.I think he was pleased.A negative result would have been rather depressing,but now he had some newinformation he could work on.Also he had learned something about singing.Note that the frustratingexperiences tend to come earlier than some of the motivating ones.Finally he was elated it was all over! Language in useword formation:-ity and-ility1Look at the sentences from the passage Can bad luck be explained?When it comes to bad things happening in threes,what may be most important of all is the duration and memorability of the first event.There is…rational reason why bad events might cluster together.It is related to probability and independence.Now find three more nouns ending in-ity or-ility in the passage The diva within.Ability,musicality,activity. The secret life of science Unit72412Rewrite the sentences changing the underlined adjectives into nouns.1It is possible that the insurance won’t pay you for this accident.There is a possibility that the insurance won’t pay you for this accident.2I am not responsible for anything tha t happens to you. It’s not my responsibility what happens to you.3I’m not sure how suitable this programme is for you. I’m not sure of this programme’s suitability for you. 4The fact that the calculation was complex slowed me down. The calculation’s complexity slowed me down.5Being naturally curious is a characteristic of many greatthinkers.Natural curiosity is a characteristic of many great thinkers.6I was surprised that her behaviour was stupid.I was surprised at the stupidity of her behaviour. when it comes to…3Rewrite the sentences using when it comes to…1If we consider evaluating students’work,there are always some very difficult choices to be made.When it comes to evaluating students’work,there are always some very difficult choices to be made.2If we consider the examples of bad luck you spoke about, many of these seem to be rather unimportant.When it comes to the examples of bad luck you spoke about, many of these seem to be ratherunimportant.。
大学英语综合教程3 Unit 7
Such as it is
• Such as it is, such as they are: (spoken) something is not good enough or impressive enough -- You are welcome to borrow my car such as it is. -- You can stay and have dinner with us such as it is - we only have bread and milk.
1.To me ,you are definitely more than an acquaintance. 2.Many artisans in this region deal in 经营 a variety of handicrafts. 3.They went into raptures over the unexpected success. 4.Much to my surprise, he analyzed with detachment the dangerous situation that threatened all of them.
Oblige
1. Do sb a favor; fulfill the wishes of • She asked him to lend her his car, and he willingly obliged her. • I should be obliged if you could speak louder. 2. Make it necessary for sb. to do sth. • The heavy snow obliged me to abandon the car and continued on foot. • Eric felt obliged to resign after such an unpleasant quarrel with the president. • 我非常感谢你.(be obliged to) -- I'm much obliged to you. • 请你为我关上门好吗？ -- Could you oblige me by closing the door?
新标准大学英语综合教程3网课Unit7test答案
Unit testDone with this task. Your score: 91%Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete each sentence using the correct word or expression from the box.∙advisable∙lunar∙undergo∙charm∙preach∙reunion∙spectacle∙phase∙anomaly∙essentially1.Next year is my high school ten-yearYour answer Correct answerreunion reunion2.Because of his heart attack, George had to major surgery lastyear.Your answer Correct answerundergo undergo3.We're hoping this is just a(n) and that the baby will soon stopcrying so much.Your answer Correct answerphase phase4.It is definitely not to drive after drinking alcohol.Your answer Correct answeradvisable advisable5.Felipe had too much to drink last night and made a complete ofhimself.Your answer Correct answerspectacle spectacle6.In my opinion, you should practice what you or else no one willever listen to you.Your answer Correct answerpreach preach7. Trisha is usually a straight A student, so I guess that C in math wasa(n)Your answer Correct answeranomaly anomaly8.We usually don't get to see events such as eclipses in this partof the world.Your answer Correct answerlunar lunar9.Our home might be small, but it has a lot ofYour answer Correct answercharm charm10.The movie may have a lot of special effects, but it is alove story.Your answer Correct answeressentially essentiallySection B: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11. Harold _____ waited in the lobby for them to call him into the interview.A. nervouslyB. essentiallyC. anomalyD. blindly12. We need to _____ natural resources today if we want our children to have them tomorrow.A. reserveB. disserveC. conserveD. preserve13. I want the senator to make a _____ apology for his insensitive remarks.A. sincereB. humbleC. festiveD. morbid14. I love Sundays because they are the only chance I get to _____ around and do nothing.A. sneakB. crawlC. runD. lounge15. We're going to throw Maria an amazing _____ when she returns from Spain.A. celebrateB. celebrationC. celebratoryD. celebrating16. The chocolate cake was a tiny bit of _____ in an otherwise ordinary meal.A. decadentB. decadentsC. cadenceD. decadence17. My dog, Rex, was a _____ member of the family for 15 years.A. belovedB. belittledC. bemusedD. belonged18. It's impossible to _____ torture as a means of questioning.A. beautifyB. justifyC. certifyD. mystify19. Don't _____ around the house at night; the noises keep me awake.A. loungeB. popC. preachD. sneak20. I can't even describe the _____ I felt when I found out she got fired.A. furyB. furiousC. furorD. furiouslySection C: Complete each sentence with a suitable word.21.He has been completely taken up work recently.Your answer Correct answerwith with22.Please fill the jar with lemonade.Your answer Correct answerup up23.Your decision, good or bad, was the only choice to make.Your answer Correct answerfor for24.It was, my reckoning, the only time the two musicians playedtogether.Your answer Correct answerby by25.I'm going to meet up Dominic after work for a few drinks.Your answer Correct answerwith with26.Can you please count thirty marbles from the bag?Your answer Correct answerout out27.A good lawyer should be able to save you going to jail.Your answer Correct answerfrom from28.The meeting will start at 7 o'clock the dot.Your answer Correct answeron on29.You'll never guess who I bumped at the market!Your answer Correct answerinto into30.All all, it was a decent movie with good special effects.Your answer Correct answerin inPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.When I was a little boy, I thought my birthday was the most important day of the year. Birthday parties were incredibly exciting and every other day just seemedso in comparison. Why did I think my birthday was so important? Whywouldn't I? My parents always circled it on the and I knew they planned for it weeks in advance. All my friends came and gave me wonderful gifts. It was always sucha happy and event. Every year, it was a true celebration!As you might have guessed, I certainly wasn't very when I was young.I thought the world revolved around me, and I wanted everyone to know it. I remember oneparticular day in specific. It was during at school. While all my friends were eating, I overheard them talking about my party. They were just as excited as I was, and they kept asking me what games we would play. I remember I was so happy just to sit thereand in the anticipation they all felt for my special day.Then Joey Franklin decided to have a huge birthday party when he turned seven. I wasdistraught. I went home to to my mother. How could he have a birthday party that might be as good as (or better) than mine? Only I was allowed to have birthday parties!"My she exclaimed. "You're not the only person who has birthdays, you know. You're my special darling, but everyone has birthdays, and everyone is allowed tohave a birthday party to the day." Even though I didn't want to admitit, I knew she was right. From the day I went to and enjoyed many differentbirthday parties for all my friends (but mine were still the best).Your answer Correct answer(31) mundane mundane(32) calendar calendar(33) festive festive(34) humble humble(35) lunchtime lunchtime(36) bask bask(37) complain complain(38) goodness goodness(39) celebrate celebrate(40) onwards onwardsPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Holidays are celebrated in many ways around the world: parades, celebrations, feasts, family dinners, fireworks, sporting events, and street festivals, just to name a few. Some holidays, suchas New Year's Day, are observed around the world. Some holidays, such as Christmas, Hanukkah, and Ramadan, are celebrated only by members of a certain religion. Still other holidays are unique to specific countries and are celebrated by people who come from those countries, or who are descended from people who came from those countries.St Patrick's Day is a national holiday in Ireland and Northern Ireland, and it is celebratedby Irish people and people of Irish descent in cities and countries around the world. However, in recent years, more and more people who are not Irish have begun to join in the festivities and celebratethe day. It has become especially popular in Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand. St Patrick is one of the patron saints of Ireland (according to the Catholic Church), and St Patrick'sDay falls on March 17 each year.Historically, the day began as an Irish religious holiday but became a national public holidayin 1903. Beginning in the late 20th century, the holiday transformed to be more of a cultural holiday—a day to celebrate Irish customs and culture. In Ireland, the Saint Patrick's Festival has become a week-long event to showcase Irish culture to the world. The colour green and the three-leaved shamrock are the symbols most associated with St Patrick and St Patrick's Day. It is therefore very common to see people wear green clothing on March 17 even if they do not join in a major celebration.St Patrick's Day parades are common in cities around the world. The largest Irish populations outside of Ireland and Northern Ireland are in the United States. Many major cities, including Boston, New York City, and Philadelphia have held parades for nearly 300 years! It has also become traditionto dye water green in honour of the day. The Chicago River flows through the middle of that city,and every March 17, the entire river is dyed green! Water fountains in front of the White House in Washington, DC and in Trafalgar Square in London are also typically dyed green.41. St Patrick's Day is a national holiday in _____.A. the United StatesB. EnglandC. Northern IrelandD. Australia42. St Patrick's Day is an example of a _____ holiday.A. religiousB. culturalC. nationalD. all of the above43. Which of the following is a symbolic representation of Saint Patrick?A. Feasts.B. Festivals.C. Parades.D. Shamrocks.44. This passage is an example of what style of writing?A. Informative.B. Persuasive.C. Biographical.D. Editorial.45. Which paragraph describes the international influence of St Patrick's Day?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.。
新版大学英语综合教程第三册UNIT 7答案
Unit 7 Making a Living
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
His mother explained how the delivery had been difficult, how the doctor had used an instrument that crushed a section of his brain and caused cerebral palsy, a disorder of the nervous system that affects his speech, hands and walk. 1. What is the grammatical function of the last part of the sentence, from “a disorder …” to the end? It functions as an appositive (同位语 同位语). 同位语 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 他妈妈解释说生他时难产，医生使用了某种器械， 他妈妈解释说生他时难产，医生使用了某种器械，损坏了 他大脑的一部分，导致了大脑性麻痹，一种影响他说话， 他大脑的一部分，导致了大脑性麻痹，一种影响他说话， 手部活动以及行走的神经系统的紊乱。 手部活动以及行走的神经系统的紊乱。
Unit 7 Making a Living
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
全新版大学英语综合教程第三册教案 Unit 7
Unit 7Making a livingⅠ. Suggested Teaching PlanStudents will be able to:1.understand the main idea (Bill Porter the salesman will never give in) and structure of the text (4 parts, 2flashbacks);2.appreciate the characteristics of journalistic writing;3.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.1.T asks Ss the following questions on the song: (5 minutes)—Why does Onetta think it worthwhile to work hard day after day? (People need her; some people care for her; she keeps her integrity by working hard.)—Would you rather have a low paid job that is interesting or a well-paid job that is boring?2. Role play: Classroom salesman (25 minutes)1)T lets Ss read the title of Text A, then announces that the class is to do a role-play. One student will act asa salesperson. All other students will act as his / her potential customers.2)T appoints a student with a relatively advanced level of English to act as the salesperson. He / She willleave the classroom, think of a product to sell, and plan his / her sales talk. The product should be relevant to campus life.3)After the salesperson leaves the classroom, T selects several Ss at random. Only they can buy from thesalesperson. All other Ss must come up with an excuse not to buy.4)T invites the salesperson back into the classroom. He / she has 10 minutes to close a deal.5)Ss discuss with their neighbors the qualities of a good salesperson.3. T leads in to the text by saying: From the role-play we know the sale of goods is rather a difficult job. It iseven more difficult for a handicapped person, like Bill Porter in Text A. (1 minutes)1. Text structure (9 minutes)1) Ss scan the text to see if there is any natural division of parts in the text. (Asterisks divide the text into 4parts.)2)Ss read the first paragraph of each part, locate the time words or references to time. (They are: 5:45,7:45, “This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m.”, after 7 p.m.)3)By then Ss will realize that the text is about a typical day of salesman Bill Porter.2.T explains language points in Parts I - II and gives Ss practice (see Language Study).(25 minutes)3.Ss re-read Parts I - II to find a flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding and following theflashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)4.T explains language points in Parts Ⅲ-Ⅳand gives Ss practice (see Language Study).(35 minutes)5.Ss re-read Parts III —IV to find another flashback. Then, by reading the sentences preceding andfollowing the flashback, they will see how skillfully it is woven into the narration. (10 minutes)1. Group discussion (25 minutes)1) Ss form groups to discuss the following questions:—What has Bill Porter been struggling for all his life? Do you think it is worth his efforts?—How do you feel about Bill Porter? Why?—What characteristics of journalistic writing do you find in this article?2)Some groups report to class.3)T explains in more detail the characteristics of journalistic writing (see Text Analysis).2.T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (30 minutes)3.T checks on Ss’ home reading (Text B). (3 minutes)4.Ss do Part IV: Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks. (1 period)5.T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: (2 minutes)1)do the pre-reading task;2)preview Text A.Ⅱ.Text AnalysisThis article first appeared in a newspaper; therefore it carries many characteristics of journalistic新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 7writing.First of all, a journalist tries to be objective in reporting. As a result, third-person narrative is usually preferred over first-person narrative. Moreover, the journalist would not make any comments to reveal his / her feelings, but simply give the facts.Secondly, an eye-catching beginning helps lure readers to linger more on the story out of an overwhelming number of stories offered by the day’s newspaper. For example, at the beginning of this story, we learn that it takes our physically deformed hero great efforts to get up so as to do something important, yet what is this something? We are kept in suspense until the fourth paragraph.Thirdly, the vocabulary is simple, the sentences and paragraphs short, sometimes elliptical (see after-text exercise on ellipsis). When needs (for emphasis, to list a series of rapidly conducted activities, etc.) arise, a paragraph is as short as one sentence.Lastly, conversations can be transcribed word for word if they illustrate the theme, like the one in the text between Bill Porter and his indecisive female customer.Ⅲ. Cultural Notes1. Salesmanship: Sales promotion is an element of the marketing process that can close the sale of goods or services to a potential customer by providing the incentive to make a positive purchasing decision. Sales promotion, advertising, and salesmanship are the major techniques used in merchandising products to the public. Salesmanship often takes the form of a face-to-face encounter between the buyer and seller; the presentation is set up to convince customers that the product on sale is essential to their satisfaction. The lack of personal feedback between buyer and seller is sometimes considered a drawback of the advertising approach. Selling by telephone, although it is significantly less effective than personal selling, is still considered an important method of merchandising. In the 1980s, a growing promotional technique involved in-home shopping programs using cable television channels. In recent years with the help of the Internet online shopping is becoming popular.The traveling salesman appeared late in the 19th century both in Europe and in the U.S. The early itinerant peddler carried his goods on his back or on his horse, working his way from a port city through the hinterlands. With the coming of the railroad and the assurance given to sellers by new credit-reporting systems, salesmen with their sample cases moved across the land. Persuasive skill was less important in those days of unsatisfied demand, and orders were readily forthcoming. By 1900, however, with the increasing supply of manufactured goods, buyers became more discriminating in their purchases. Greater attention was given to training the sales force and to providing buyer incentives. The growth of industrialization and urban living led to the development of merchandising as a major business endeavor. The use of sales promotion practices experienced steady growth in the 20th century.The techniques of sales promotion are used both to motivate salespersons to improve their performance and to induce consumers to purchase goods and services. Although sales promotion works most closely with advertising, it is also related to other elements of marketing: production services, packaging, price, anddistribution. At the manufacturing and wholesale levels of distribution, the methods used to motivate personnel to meet specific goals usually fall into two categories — sales incentive prizes (such as merchandise, travel, or cash awards) and sales contests. Both are based upon the salesperson reaching an objective above the normal sales quota.Consumer promotions encompass a wide variety of techniques, including sampling of goods or services, store redeemable “money-off’ coupons to encourage the trial of products, special price-reduced packages, mail-in premium merchandise offers, cash or coupon refunds by mail, special product packaging, contests, and sweepstakes. During recessionary periods, when the demand for consumer expendable dollars becomes more competitive, there is greater participation in refund, coupon, and premium offers. More than half the households in the U.S. take advantage of some sales promotion offers each year.Sales promotion, now fully recognized as a vital element in the marketing mix, has become a multibillion dollar industry. In recent years, sales promotion expenditures have exceeded monies spent on advertising and there are strong indications that this pattern of growth will continue to maintain its economic edge.Ⅳ. Language Study1. linger: 1) spend a long time doing sth.Examples: My daughter used to linger long over her meal.There will be no time to linger—the press conference will begin in a few minutes.2) stay for a long time, esp. because one does not want to leaveExamples:It is a dreary little town where few people would choose to linger.He was still lingering around the stadium long after the game was over.2. scar: a mark left on the skin by a wound, burn, etc. after it has healedExamples:It’s easy to recognize the little boy because he has a scar on his left arm.The witness told the police that the criminal had a scar on his forehead.vt. leave a scar onExamples: The burns were so severe that he will be scarred for life.Her face was scarred by smallpox.3.So, too, do the voices of those who...: The voices of those who ... also echo in his soul.4.dignity: the quality of being worthy of honor or respectExamples: A physician shall be dedicated to providing competent medical service with compassion and respect for human dignity.Some think that cloned human beings will be deprived of freedom or dignity or personalidentity.They hold on to the faith that the value of life depends on its dignity and not its success.5. cripple: 1) cause to become unable to move or walk properly新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 7 Examples:At the beginning of the year 2000 crippled children were on state lists to receive care.Peter’s father was crippled by a stroke.2) damage or harm (sb./sth.) seriouslyExamples: Shootings and robberies of tourists over the past several years had crippled the tourist industry in Miami. The terrorists’ attack has not crippled the US economy.6. betray: show a lack of loyalty to; give or show (sb. / sth.) to an enemyExamples:According to the Gospels of Matthew and Mark, greed made Judas betray Jesus to the chief priest for 30 pieces of silver.He was accused of betraying his country during the war.It turned out that he was an informer, and, betrayed the plan to the Germans.7.gain on: come closer to, esp. a rival or sth. pursuedExamples: Hurry up — they are gaining on us!She was gaining on her opponents throughout the race, but only overtook them at the veryend.8. tremble: shake from cold, fear, weakness, etc.Examples: Her hands grew very cold and trembled so that she could hardly hold the flag.Madison was extremely pale and trembled excessively as he began his inaugural address.For much of the day the pavements tremble from the weight of passing traffic.9. kick up: (cause to) riseExamples: The horses kicked up a cloud of dust.The boys kicked up the leaves that lay thick upon the ground with the coming of autumn.10. tilt: (cause to) move into a sloping positionExamples: The pilot can tilt the helicopter forward, backward, or to either side.In the northern hemisphere, the sun climbs high in the sky and the days are long in summer,when the northern end of the earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun.n.Examples: The Leaning Tower of Pisa is renowned for its marked tilt.The amount of daylight in a day varies throughout the year, based on the tilt of Earth’saxis.11. lean: (cause to) be in a sloping position; bendExamples: He leaned his bike against the wall.She leaned over the bridge to look at the boats passing beneath it.a. producing little of value; containing little or no fatExamples: The company has apparently recovered from several lean years.The recession and lean state budgets continued to trouble school officials.We like to eat very lean and tender meat.12. delivery: 1) the process of birthExamples: Women who do manual work have easy deliveries. In the end, it was an easy delivery: a fine baby boy.2) the delivering of letters, goods, etc.Examples: Federal Express Corporation provide rapid delivery of packages, letters, and other shipments within the United States and worldwide.Most newspapers offer home delivery.13. section: any of the parts into which sth. is dividedExamples: This article consists of ten major sections.Newspapers typically have sections for local news, sports, arts and entertainment, business,and classified advertising.14. disorder: disturbance of the normal working of the body or mind; lack of orderExamples: Severe vitamin and mineral deficiencies can lead to mental disorders.Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese practice that treats disorders by inserting needles under theskin.The school authorities took immediate action to stop campus violence and disorder.15. transfer: move from one place to another (usu. used in the pattern: transfer sth. / sb. (from...to))Examples: Transferring Peter from Tokyo to the Boston office was a smart idea.Power was transferred from the President to the Vice President while the President receivedmedical treatment.Commercial airports are designed to transfer passengers and freight to and from aircraft.Credits earned at junior colleges could be transferred to another institution where studentscould complete their final years of college.He was transferred from Crystal Palace to Arsenal for £ 2.5 million.16. limitation: lack of abilityExamples: Electric cars could travel only a short distance before they needed recharging, due to the limitations of battery technology.Acupuncture is good for some medical conditions but it has its limitations.As a student he recognized his limitations, but did little to improve himself.17. apply for: make a formal request forExamples: I applied for five jobs before I was offered this one.According to the school regulations students will have to apply for permission to studyabroad.18. representative: a person who represents othersExamples: Egypt, Israel, and the representatives of the Palestinian people will participate in negotiations on the resolution of the Palestinian problem.Representatives from more than 170 nations converged on Paris for the Earth Summit.19. literature: 1) printed material used to advertise or promote a product新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 7 Examples: My friend is sending me literature from two other companies that provide a similar service.There is quite a lot of literature available on the history of computers.2) writings that are valued as works of artExamples: Many readers consider the novel the most flexible type of literature.The graduate school offers ma ster’s or doctoral degree programs for advanced study insuch liberal arts and science fields as history, chemistry, physics, and literature.20. pledge: a solemn promiseExamples: They made a pledge to accomplish the task.The boy made a pledge to get st raight A’s at the end of the semester.vt.Examples: Member nations of the UN pledge to settle their disputes peacefully and to refrain from using force.They have pledged not to dump hazardous wastes into the river.21. retail: the practice of selling goods in small quantities to the general publicExamples: Wal-Mart is a company that operates a variety of retail chain stores.Department stores refer to large retail stores selling many different kinds of merchandisearranged in separate departments.22. transit: passage through or across; a system of urban public transportationExamples: Our fleet made the transit through the Panama Canal without any difficulty.The president wants to improve the nation’s highways and mass transit systems.23. strain: injure (the body or the part of it) or make it weak by too much effortExamples: Swimming does not strain joints and connective tissue as much as many other forms of exercise.He strained his back when he removed the piano with his friends.n. a severe demand on mental or physical strength, resources, abilities, etc. (followed by on) Examples: Some young white collar workers are complaining about their job strain.She has been under terrible strain since her company was bankrupted.The vast expansion in college education is putting an enormous strain on the system. eless: not fulfilling the intended purposeExamples: Preventing the country from purchasing oil crippled its army and made its navy and air force completely useless.Overpopulation and overcropping are turning approximately 14 million acres a year offormerly fertile land into barren and economically useless wasteland.25. limb: a leg or an arm; a large branch of a treeExamples: The small size and weight of dogs’ feet and limbs require less energy to move.No attempt should be made to move broken limbs until medical help arrives.The flag was hanging from the limb of a big tree.26. off balance: in an unsteady position or about to fallExamples: The motorcycle knocked him off balance and he fell down on the ground.The sudden pull threw me off balance.27. territory: land a country controls or ownsExamples: The government denies that any of its territory is under rebel control.A country’s embassy in a foreign country is considered its own territory.28. on the phone: be talking to sb. using the phoneExamples: Please wait outside for a moment; the manager is on the phone.She is always on the phone, wanting to know what her husband has been up to.29. register: 1) be recognized or noted mentallyExamples: On occasions what I said didn’t register in my daughter’s brain.The professor’s name didn’t register with the students.2) record a name, an event, etc. for official purposesExamples: The new students were told that they must register with the University before they could claim their grants.The newly purchased apartment is registered in her name, not her husband’s.30. laundry: clothes or sheets, etc. that have been or need to be washedExamples: The new model washing machine offers numerous settings for washing different types and quantities of laundry.A good deal of laundry had accumulated during the past two weeks, as our washing machinedidn’t work.31. profitable: bringing profit or advantageExamples: The trading department of the investment bank buys and sells securities when profitable opportunities arise.Based in New Y ork City, Random House owns many of the most prestigious and profitablebook publishing companies in the United States.The trade of opium, a highly profitable product for British merchants and eventually an illegalimport into China, led to the Opium Wars.I didn’t find the talk very profitable. On the contrary, I thought it was nonsense.32. off one’s feet: no longer standingExamples: After the operation the old man had to stay off his feet.The doctor checked his left foot carefully and said he would have to stay off his feet forabout two weeks.mission: money paid to sb. for selling goods which increases with the quantity of goods soldExamples: If a salesperson is paid on commission, the amount they receive depends on the amount they sell.Peter gets 10% commission on every photocopier he sells.新疆医科大学外语教研室全新版大学英语三册教案Unit 734. surgery: treatment of injuries or diseases by cutting or removing parts of the bodyExamples:People have practiced surgery since ancient times, but it did not become a respected science the 19th cent the 19th century.Surgery is the fastest and most effective treatment for tumors that are detected early. 35. be laid up (with): stay in bed, be unable to work, etc.Examples: Our math teacher has been laid up in bed with acute flu for a week.The football player was laid up with a twisted knee.36. signature:a person’s name written by herself or himselfExamples: In law, signatures are put at the end of a legal instrument to show that it is valid.A testator unable to write may make an X, and such a mark is considered a valid signature.37. in time: punctually, not too late; eventuallyExamples:The couple have just arrived in time for lunch.She set the alarm so she would wake up in time to go to school.38. go off: (of electric power, a light, etc.) stop functioning or operatingExamples: All the lights suddenly went off and the stadium was plunged into darkness.I didn’t sle ep well last night as all the heating went off.。
全新版大学英语综合教程3(第二版)教师课件Unit7
Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
Unit 7 Making a Living After Reading Supplementary Reading
Onetta there in the corner stand and w__o_n_d_e_r_s where she is and It’s strange to her
Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
Unit 7 Making a Living After Reading Supplementary Reading
English Song — She Works Hard for the Money
Detailed Reading
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
Unit 7 Making a Living After Reading Supplementary Reading
Questions and Answers
1. Do you know anything about the singer?
Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
Unit 7 Making a Living After Reading Supplementary Reading
she works hard for the money so you better _t_re_a_t_ her right She works hard foDertatilhedeRemadiongney so hard for it h__o_n_e_y she works hard for the money so you better _t_re_a_t_ her right She works hard for the money so hard for it h__o_n_e_y she works hard for the money so you better _t_re_a_t_ her right
新时代核心英语教程 综合英语3教师用书U7
Unit7Scholarly ValuesI.Unit OverviewText A in this unit defines academic integrity as a commitment to five fundamental values:honesty,trust,fairness,respect,and responsibility.The author claims that these five values,plus the courage to act on them even in the face of adversity,are truly fundamental to the academy.When the fundamental values are embraced,utilized,and put into practice they become touchstones for scholarly communities of integrity.The author explains each of them respectively,hoping to advocate using the fundamental values to inform and improve ethical decision-making capacities and behavior as well as to enable academic communities to translate their ideals into action.The text is fundamentally important for college students to understand the essence of academic integrity and provides instructional guidance in their academic studies.Text B mainly explore plagiarism from the aspect of psychology by focusing on the comparison between plagiarism and crimes or thefts.It starts from a case of an expose of a novelist’s adoption of passages from other writers without permission. The vindication of his friend arouses the exploration and ethical thinking on plagiarism.The author talks about differences on penalties and social offenses between plagiarism and crimes or thefts.After that,the author shows the different conditions between them.Crimes and thefts can be artfully concealed while plagiarism cannot escape from being discovered and exposed because numerous readers will find the original sources sooner or later.Although those who commit it are afraid of being exposed,their contradictory psychology,mixing with temerity and timidity,pushes them to do it.The content of this unit reveals the most important quality in academics and also helps college students understand the reason why they must meet the requirement of academic integrity and avoid plagiarism.Text A emphasizes the academic integrity from a theoretic perspective while Text B mainly explores the phenomenon of plagiarism and the reasons behind it. These two texts use different perspectives to demonstrate the importance of being honesty in academic community.As Text A is more theoretical,it might be difficult for students to comprehend the meaning of the values.It is advisable to list some academic cases in real situations,and ask students to discuss and then the teacher explains the reasons.Text B analyzes the conduct of plagiarism through the comparison between plagiarism and crimes or thefts.It might be difficult for students to understand clearly about the difference between plagiarism and crimes or thefts.Students are suggested to read this part more carefully with a grasp of the attitude of the author.The written style of Text A is academic.Text A is impersonal in style and use the passive form of verbs more frequently.It is also worth noting that Text A avoids verbs that are composed of multiple words,such as“give up,”“put up with”and tends to employ a cautious way of explaining reasons,using expressions such as“can,”“it is possible that...”In Text B,the complexity of the subject matter“plagiarism”is acknowledged through critical analysis,especially from comparison and contrast,and evidence analysis.II.Teaching PlanIII.Exploring the Topic◆Teaching Tips1.Ask students to discuss the questions in pairs to have a basic understanding ofacademic integrity.2.Task2is designed to help students quickly understand what behavior belongs tomalpractice and what behavior belongs to good performance.It is very important that students clearly know how to cite information and avoid plagiarism when they do their paperwork.◆Keys to Exercises1.Academic integrity is the commitment from students,faculty,and staff todemonstrate honest,moral behavior in their academic lives.Academic integrity is the cornerstone of truth,high ethics,andacademic quality to promote credible intellectual inquiry and knowledge sharing.2.1)malpractice2)good performance3)malpractice4)good performance5)malpractice◆Optional ActivitiesPair/group discussion:1.How do you reference texts?2.When do we use direct quotation or indirect quotation?IV.Text A◆Background Information1.Characteristics of Academic WritingAcademic writing in English is linear,which means it has one central point or theme with every part contributing to the main line of argument,without digressions or repetitions.Its objective is to inform rather than entertain.As well as this it is in the standard written form of the language.There are10main features of academic writing that are often discussed.Academic writing is to some extent:complex,formal,objective,explicit,hedged,and responsible.It uses language precisely and accurately.It is also well organized and planned.1)ComplexityWritten language is relatively more complex than spoken language.Written language has longer words,and it is lexically more dense and it has a more varied vocabulary.It uses more noun-based phrases than verb-based phrases. Written texts are shorter and the language has more grammatical complexity, including more subordinate clauses and more passives.2)FormalityAcademic writing is relatively formal.In general this means that in an essay you should avoid colloquial words and expressions.3)PrecisionIn academic writing,facts and figures are given precisely.4)ObjectivityWritten language is in general objective rather than personal.It therefore has fewer words that refer to the writer or the reader.This means that the main emphasis should be on the information that you want to give and the arguments you want to make,rather than you.For that reason,academic writing tends to use nouns(and adjectives),rather than verbs(and adverbs).5)ExplicitnessAcademic writing is explicit about the relationships in the text.Furthermore, it is the responsibility of the writer to make it clear to the reader how the various parts of the text are related.These connections can be made explicit by the use of different signal words.6)AccuracyAcademic writing uses vocabulary accurately.Most subjects have words with narrow specific meanings.Linguistics distinguishes clearly between “phonetics”and“phonemics”;general English does not.7)HedgingIn any kind of academic writing you do,it is necessary to make decisions about your stance on a particular subject,or the strength of the claims you are making.Different subjects prefer to do this in different ways.A technique common in certain kinds of academic writing is known by linguists as a“hedge.”8)ResponsibilityIn academic writing you must be responsible for,and must be able to provide evidence and justification for,any claims you make.You are also responsible for demonstrating an understanding of any source texts you use.9)OrganizationAcademic writing is well organized.It flows easily from one section to the next in a logical fashion.A good place to start is the genre of your text.Once you have decided on the genre,the structure is easily determined.10)PlanningAcademic writing is well planned.It usually takes place after research and evaluation,according to a specific purpose and plan.2.The International Center for Academic IntegrityThe International Center for Academic Integrity(ICAI)was founded to combat cheating,plagiarism,and academic dishonesty in higher education.Its mission has since expanded to include the cultivation of cultures of integrity in academic communities throughout the world.ICAI offers assessment services, resources,and consultations to its member institutions,and facilitates conversations on academic integrity topics each year at its annual conference.3.Scholarly CommunityA group of people in higher educational institutions who continuouslyengage in core intellectual activities such as teaching,learning and research.They include lecturers,students,and researchers who interact for scholarly purposes and utilize digital libraries in their daily activities.Teaching Tips1.As to the structure of Text A,the teacher may ask the students to analyze thepurpose of the article according to Paras.1-3.The main function of this text is to introduce fundamental values as well as to enable academic communities to translate their ideals into action.In this way can the students be led to understand the author’s logic in organizing the passage.Refer to Exercise1in Analytical Reading.2.In order to help students understand some important details in the text,the teachermay ask them to answer the questions in Exercise2and3.3.The two translation exercises can provide students with an opportunity tosummarize and to extend the main idea of Text A,with the theme expressions used.The students are required to use the words,expressions,and sentence structures correctly and properly in the context.4.As for Critical Thinking section,the teacher should help students reallyunderstand what accuracy is and how to make their own writing reliable.5.When it comes to other Language Focus exercises,students are required to dothem independently before class with reference to dictionaries,corpus,and other online resources.Then they can share and discuss on their answers with theirgroup members or partners in class,asking the teacher for help whenever they can’t solve their disagreement.The teacher will emphasize the common difficulties and solutions at the end of the exercise session.◆StructurePartⅠ(Paras.1-3)The author gives an overall introduction to the five fundamental values and the importance of sticking to them.PartⅡ(Paras.4-6)The author focuses on explaining honesty,one of the five fundamental values. Honesty is a foundation of teaching,learning,research,and service,and a prerequisite for full realization of trust,fairness,respect,and responsibility.PartⅢ(Paras.7-10)In this part,the author clarifies one of the five fundamental values,trust.Trust encourages and supports the free exchange of ideas which in turn allows scholarly inquiry to reach its fullest potential.PartⅣ(Paras.11-15)The author talks about the essence of fairness.Academic communities of integrity establish clear and transparent expectations,standards,and practices to support fairness in the interactions of students,faculty,and administrators.PartⅤ(Paras.16-20)In this part,respect is the main fundamental value the author elaborates.The author introduces the meaning of respect and how to show respect.PartⅥ(Paras.21-24)In this part,the author analyzes the meaning of responsibility.Responsibility for upholding the values of integrity is simultaneously an individual duty and a shared concern.PartⅦ(Paras.25-30)Courage is the main topic of this part.The author gives a thorough definition of courage and its relationship with the five values.◆Detailed Study of the Text1.It is still rare,however,for scholarly institutions to identify and describetheir commitment to the principles of integrity in terms that are at once positive and practical.(Para.1)Note:The expression“It is+adj.(for sb.)to do sth.”emphasizes information by bringing it to the front of the clause.In this sentence,“rare”is the information the sentence emphasizes.Here“at once”means at the same time.In this sentence,“that are at once positive and practical”means“that are both positive and practical.”e.g.Don’t all speak at once!I’m not a superwoman,you know.I can’t do a hundred things at once.2.Instead,it is more common to find the subject of academic integrityaddressed by identifying and prohibiting behaviors that run counter to the principles of integrity.(Para.1)be/run/go counter to sth.:to be the opposite of somethinge.g.His theory ran counter to the beliefs of his time.Note:The pair of words“identifying”and“prohibiting”is a form of parallelism.Please see more explanation in8.3.We believe that these five values,plus the courage to act on them even in theface of adversity,are truly foundational to the academy.(Para.2)Note:“Plus”serves as a preposition in this sentence,mentioning an additional fact.Sometimes the subject is separated from the verb by“plus.”Use a singular verb when the subject is singular to meet the rule of subject-verb agreement.The same rule applies to“along with,”“as well as,”“besides,”etc.e.g.The strong wind,plus heavy rain,has cause many power outages.The policeman,along with the newsmen,is expected shortly.4.To do this,community members must invoke them—making them part offrequent dialogues that invite students,faculty,and administrators to consider the potential for ethical values to inform and improve various aspects of life on campus and beyond.(Para.3)Academic communities flourish,only when the five fundamental values are called forth by community members.The community members can frequently introduce the five fundamental values to students,faculty,and administrators in their conversations.This action enhances students,faculty,and administrators’understanding of potential impact of ethical values as well as different aspects in their lives.Question for Students:What does“them”refer to?Answer:The previous sentence is—Scholarly communities flourish when community members“live”the fundamental values.So“them”refers to“the fundamental values.”5.Integrity is strengthened within academic communities when communitystandards are aligned with the fundamental values and supported by its institutional policies and procedures.(Para.3)There are two conditions to make integrity strengthened.One is that community standards can meet up with the requirements of the fundamental values,and the other is that the relevant policies and procedures can reinforce community standards.6.Dishonest behavior not only jeopardizes the welfare of academiccommunities and violates the rights of its members,it can also tarnish the reputation of the institution and diminish the worth of the degrees it grants.(Para.6)jeopardize:to risk losing or spoiling something importante.g.He would never do anything to jeopardize his career.Note:This sentence uses more nouns than adjectives,which shows the formal written style.“The welfare of academic communities,”“the rights of its members,”“the reputation of the institution,”and“the worth of the degrees”are all appropriately used in this text.And also the author chooses formal verbs rather than phrases,such as“jeopardize,”“violate,”“tarnish,”and“diminish”rather than“make...damaged,”“make...less.”7.Trust enables us to collaborate,to share information,and to circulate newideas freely,without fear that our work will be stolen,our careers stunted,or our reputations diminished.(Para.10)stunt:to stop something or someone from growing to their full size or developing properlye.g.His illness had not stunted his creativity.Note:(1)The sentence“Trust enables us to collaborate,to share information,and tocirculate new ideas freely”uses parallel phrases.Those phrases reflect the effects of parallelism.Parallelism has words,phrases,sentences,and paragraphs that balance one element with another of equal importance and similar wording.The repetition of sounds,meanings,and structures serves to order,emphasize,and point out relations.Generally speaking,there are four forms of parallelism,namely,a pair or series of words,a pair or series of phrases,a row of clauses,and a series of sentences.There are four major effects of parallelism:1)Clarity and logic.By organizing contents into parallel structures,you make iteasier for your readers to understand the meaning as the identical structure repeats the similar idea or pushes the idea to the climax.2)Balance and rhythm.A series of parallel patterns and the powerful rhythmicbeat roll off the tongue,resulting in a feeling of satisfaction.3)Concision and emphasis.Rephrasing an idea using parallelism always resultsin a more concise and emphatic effect in writing.4)Memorability.Because parallelism boosts all of the above qualities,the resultis often more memorable and more quotable lines in writing.(2)“Our work will be stolen,our careers stunted,or our reputations diminished”is a elliptical sentence.The sentence is concise and semantically intensive.When a word or a group of words is omitted from a sentence without changing the context of the sentence,it is termed as ellipses.When an ellipses occurs,it is understood that some word or words are missing and still the meaning of the sentence is clear.For example,Jess has four dogs;Allison,three.8.Being a responsible member of an academic community also means holdingothers accountable when they fail to uphold the values of the group.(Para.24)As a responsible member of academia,you need to make people who do not follow the values of the group take responsibility of the result.hold sb.responsible/accountable/liable(for sth.):to say or decide that someone should accept the responsibility for something bad that happense.g.He may have had a terrible childhood,but he should still be held accountablefor his own actions.9.Courage differs from the preceding fundamental values in that it is less avalue than a quality or capacity.(Para.26)Courage is not the same as the fundamental values mentioned previously,as it is more like a quality or capacity rather than a value.preceding:happening or coming before the time,place,or part mentionede.g.Income tax paid in preceding years.The diagram in the preceding chapter.be less a...than a...(=be not so much like one thing as another):The structure negates the information after the word“less”and affirm the information after the word“than.”e.g.“Will you please come with me?”It was less a request than a command.Translation of Text A学术诚信的基本价值观国际学术诚信中心1.许多教师、学生和学校管理者都知道只能在遵守道德标准的环境中实现教学、学习和研究的目标，因此他们信奉学术诚信原则。
大学英语综合教程第三册 Unit7
2.appreciate the characteristics of journalistic writing;
3.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;
4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, and writing activities related to the theme of the unit
The traveling salesman appeared late in the 19th century both in Europe and in the U.S. The early itinerant peddler carded his goods on his back or on his horse, working his way from a port city through the hinterlands. With the coming of the railroad and the assurance given to sellers by new credit-reporting systems, salesmen with their sample cases moved across the land. Persuasive skill was less important in those days of unsatisfied demand, and orders were readily forthcoming. By 1900, however, with the increasing supply of manufactured goods, buyers became more discriminating in their purchases. Greater attention was given to training the sales force and to providing buyer incentives. The growth of industrialization and urban living led to the development of merchandising as a major business endeavor. The use of sales promotion practices experienced steady growth in the 20th century.
全新版大学英语综合教程3——Unit 7课文分析PPT演示课件
e. g: Women who do manual work have easy deliveries.
2) the delivering of letters, goods, etc.
In the end, it was an easy delivery: a fine baby boy.
Unit 7课文分析
1
So, too, do the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently.
1.Translate the sentence into Chinese. （在他内心深处）也一直回响着那些说他蠢，说他不能独立生活的人的声音。 2. What kind of rhetorical device is used here? The rhetorical device used here is called inversion or hyperbaton (倒装).
There will be no time to linger-the press conference will begin in a few minutes. 2) stay for a long time, esp. because one does not want to leave
e. g: It is a dreary little town where few people would choose to linger.
Except when
he gets a live one. Then the word “no” does not register.
新融合大学英语综合教程3答案-Unit 7
Keys新融合大学英语综合教程3答案-Unit 7Part I Pre-readingSection B Listening Practice1. soldier2. battles3. saddle4. frontline5. on6. motto7. shine8. expectation9. hesitations 10. pavedPart II Active Reading: FootballTask One1. D2. C3. B4. A5. CPart III Language FocusTask One1. avid2. instinctive3. tame4. sophomore5. frugal6. dilemma7. drill8.accumulate9. collegiate 10.tabooTask Two1. Once something urgent comes up, we must cope with it immediately.2. In between the two methods, we have identified at least five different plans, how can you draw a clear distinction among them?3. A file type can only be associated with another executable file installed on the computer.4. Currently, as business grew depressed, jobs in investment banking and trading were on the line.5. After Elton was addicted to crack cocaine, he got divorced with his wife, and his oldest son would pass him on the street but would not speak to him.6. He explained it so much only to attest to the fact that it’s not his fault for the cancellation of this meeting.Part IV Chinese & Foreign Culture IntroductionTask OneCuju is an ancient Chinese sport, which can be divided into Contact Competition, Non-contact Competition and Baida (Skill Competition).In a contact competition, a Jucheng (field) is set up, which is surrounded by short walls. A mini-house-like goal is located at each side of the field. Each team has 12 players, who strive to take over the ball and kick it into the opponent’s g oal. The team that scores more is the winner.With a history of over 2300 years, Cuju originated in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Han Dynasty had witnessed fast development of this sport, which flourished in the Tang and Song dynasties. The Yuan and Ming Dynasties were turning points for Cuju, when it began to decline. In the Qing Dynasty, it basically became a folk sport. Cuju is significant for the present generation of footballers. In the Tang Dynasty, Cuju spread eastward from China to Korea and Japan, and westward to Europe, where it evolved into contemporary British football.Task TwoThe FIFA World Cup，通常简称为世界杯，是一项国际协会足球比赛，由国际足球联合会（FIFA）会员国的男子队参赛。
新世纪大学英语综合教程第三册第七单元
Unit 7 Book 3What MakesOlympi c Champi ons?I. Diffic ult Senten ces1. But Kristi rose to her feet, flashe d a dazzli ng smileand spun back into herprogra m.(1) Whatdoes“dazzli ng”meanhere? What does the word imply?(=“Dazzling” means very impres siveand attrac tive.Theword“dazzli ng”implie s that Kristi was very courag eousin the face of advers ity.)(2) Transl ate the senten ce into Chines e.(=但是克里斯蒂站了起来，她灿然一笑，旋转身体，继续表演。
)2. Her spirit ed recove ry gave her the gold medal— a tribut e to herdeterm inati on and courag e.(1) Whatdoes“spirit ed recove ry”referto?(=It refers to Kristi’scoming back to her progra m, whichshowed her energy and determ inati on.)(2) W hatdoes“tribut e”mean?(=It means someth ing that you say, do or make to show your admirationand respect for someon e.)(3) Transl ate the senten ce into Chines e.(=她能鼓起勇气，重振旗鼓，因此赢得了金牌，这是对她的决心和勇气的褒奖。
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新融合大学英语综合教程3拓展材料-Unit 7
Part I Pre-reading
Section C Recitation
Directions: Read the short essay and try to recite it.
Lionel Messi: on the road
Lionel Messi is the heir apparent to the throne left vacant by Diego Maradona. His outstanding ball control at high speeds is just about unmatched in the world football. Messi is the undisputed idol of Barcelona. His great challenge will be to earn the respect of the Argentine fans with a formidable showing at the World Cup. A good performance with the national team is still a debt he owes to the fans. To repay that debt, he will have to forget about the shadow of Maradona. He needs to be Messi.
Section D More Fun
Directions: Enjoy the following funny story.
Her First Football Game
A guy took his girlfriend to her first football game. Afterward he asked her how she likes the game.
“I liked it, but I couldn’t understand why they were killing each other for 25 cents,” she said.
“What do you mean?” he asked.
“Well, everyone kept yelling, ‘Get the quarter back!’”。