【2018-2019】大学英语四级备考课堂笔记-范文模板 (1页)
2019年英语四级备考随堂笔记word版本 (1页)
2019年英语四级备考随堂笔记word版本本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==英语四级备考随堂笔记1. This is yet _________________ .2. His scientific works _______________.3. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_____________.4.He is optimistic ________________.5.Work in all fields should be subordinated to and________________.答案与解析：1. another common point between the people of our two countries 本题考查通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。
虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是共同点是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补between之后，符合英语表达习惯。
增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一，再如：她以教书为业。
我已重新考虑了那件事。
2. were widely read in English-speaking countries若是按照字面翻译，这句话很可能被译为were widely read in English countries。
但是原文中英语国家的含义是讲英语的国家。
这体现了英汉表达差异。
请考生看下面这句话的英译：我卖掉了彩电。
/I sold out my color TV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清彩电的含义。
彩电有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。
四级大学英语笔记
soldier 士兵 punish sb for sth 为某事而惩罚某人
be accustomed to doing be used to doing 习惯于 to作介词接现代分词
acknowledge 承认 承认、、、的权威 答谢 告知收到 knowledge 知识
第三
acquaint 使认识 使了解 acquaint oneself with sb 认识 了解 熟悉 acquaint sb with sth 使、、、某人了解 把 、、、告知某人
out of mind 心不在焉 out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能的 毫不可能
lose sight of / out of sight 看不见
be absorbed（吸收 引起、、、的注意 同化） in /concentrate on 全神贯注于、、、 sorb 吸收 draw 吸引 attract 吸引 引起
accomplish 实现 完成 达到 accompany 陪伴 陪同 伴随 为、、、伴奏 company 陪伴 公司
accountancy 会计工作 会计学 accountant 会计人员 会计师
accumulate 积累 堆积 cumul 堆积 acquire the skills 掌握技能
第二
accelerate 使增速 使加速 celer 速度 rate 比 率 等级 速度
accent 口音 腔调 重音 cent词根 百 stick out 坚持 坚定 固守 carry out 坚持 遵循
大学英语四级写作备考讲座上课笔记
常用从句
• 1、Which引导的 非限定性定语从句 引导的 • 2、状语从句 （结果、原因、时间、比较） 结果、原因、时间、比较） 、 • So…that…; because/since; before/after, not…until…; while/whereas • 3、名词性从句（同位语从句、宾语从句） 、名词性从句（同位语从句、宾语从句）
举例法典型段落结构
• 1、现象——简要描述（主题句+扩展句） • 2、详细描述现象，运用举例方法（主题句 +例1；2；3） • (3、表明自己观点) • 例：2003年1月作文： It Pays to Be Honest • 1) 当今社会存在许多不诚实现象 • 2）诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。
Nowadays, dishonesty is a common phenomenon in society. Many doctors, for example, sell expensive but unnecessary medicines to their patients in order to get more money. And poor students tend to cheat on exams. Also, some advertisements tell lies so as to lure customers into buying fake commodities. Some famous figures have cheated the government on income taxes.
14分—漂漂亮亮
• 切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺、连贯，基 本上无语言错误。 • Example
Free Admission to Museums? 1. 越来越多的博物馆现在免费向公众开放 目的是…… 越来越多的博物馆现在免费向公众开放,目的是 目的是 2. 有人认为这样做会带来一些问题 3. 在我看来 在我看来……
大学英语四级考试记笔记
• 词根缩写-----♀名词后缀：
-ment→-M: development----DVPM equipment----EQPM statement ----STTM government ----GVNM -ability,-ibility→-BT accessibility----ACSBT acceptability----ACPTBT possibility ----PSSBT profitability ----PRFTBT
-ance→-C: importance----IMPTC substance----SBTC significance ----SGNFC -ism→-M: socialism----SCLM optimism ----OPTM pessimism ----PSM -ology→-G: biology----BOG psychology ----PSCG
L&G，I am ：） 2 join u + at ○ $E ¤, This is 3rd visit [2yr] as S-G UN. ]visits, I told u of my hopes µ4 a CRTV (creative) PTSP(partnership) (UN，PS private sector). This yr, I wanna(want to) X U 2 join me in taking ur RLSP to a still ↑ level
-ish→-H: childish----CDH selfish ----SFH -ic,-ical →-C: automatic----ATMC historical----HSTRC economical ----ECNMC technical ----TCNC
【最新推荐】英语四级备考名师翻译课堂笔记-优秀word范文 (1页)
【最新推荐】英语四级备考名师翻译课堂笔记-优秀word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==英语四级备考名师翻译课堂笔记1.Theyve fully prepared to _______________(投身于革命).2. All things have passed; _______________(昔日的荣耀荡然无存).3. ________________(被告涉嫌参与)a murder case.4. The acoustics in the Festival Hall _______________(效果好极了).5. With the last hours of the afternoon ________________(她所有的希望、勇气和力量都随之消失了).答案与解析：1. throw themselves into the revolution本句意为：他们做好了充分的准备投身革命。
投身革命是使自己参与到革命当中，但如果用take part in the revolution，表达就略显平板。
英文里有一个短语throw oneself into...中使用了反身代词表示投身于某项事业，大家要记住。
2. nothing remains of its former glory翻译本句要注意防止漏译错译。
当everything，anything，something，nothing作主语时，相应的谓语动词通常采用单数形式。
昔日的可以用former作定语修饰glory，in former days通常在句中作状语。
另外，本句还采用了反译法，原中文否定在动词谓语部分，而译文动词用了不带否定标记词的remain，否定含义体现在主语nothing上。
[ 英语四级备考名师翻译课堂笔记]相关文章：。
大学英语四级考试重点笔记
6大学英语四级考试写作辅导笔记六类作文行文思路六类作文行文思路1. 现象解释型现象解释型2. 问题解决型问题解决型3. 对比选择型对比选择型4. 观点论证型观点论证型5. 记叙文记叙文6. 应用文应用文现象解释型写作模板---行文思路1 Topic首段（描述图表段）首段（描述图表段）⑴From/According to the chart/graph/table/picture, we clearly learn that 总述现象. ⑵Asearly as 图表中最早的时间，当时的数据. ⑶Then 一段时间一段时间later, 图表中数据的变化/ And (However), by 图表中数据发生显著变化的时间，图表中数据的显著变化.中间段（说明原因段）中间段（说明原因段）⑷ There are many reasons accounting for 现象或变化. / Then why 产生该现象或变化.⑸Firstly ，原因一. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一. ⑺Secondly ，原因二. ⑻ Finally, 原因三. (As a result, 以上原因导致的结果. )结尾段（阐述观点段/说明影响段/说明问题段）说明问题段）⑼As to me/ As far as I am concerned, "我"的态度相关情况或是现象将来的趋势、可能带来的（好或坏的）影响或存在的问题. ⑽For one thing, 理由一/影响一/问题一. ⑾Foranother/In addition/ Besides,理由二/影响二/问题二. ⑿ In brief/ To conclude, 总结全文（经常是提出建议或作出期望.现象解释型写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（描述现象段）首段（描述现象段）⑴From/According to the chart/graph/table/picture, we clearly learn that 总述现象. ⑵现象表现或变化（表现一、二/变化一、二.） ⑶The reason for this phenomenon are varied./ There aremany different factors influencing 该现象或其他情况/说清楚原因.中间段（说明原因/影响段）影响段）⑷Among these reasons/factors, 原因一原因一 plays a critical role. /Undoubtedly, 该现象该现象have brought great (negative) effect on 影响对象. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一/影响一. ⑺ Secondly ，原因二/影响二. ⑻ In addition, 原因三/影响三.结尾段（阐述观点段/说明影响段/说明问题段）说明问题段）⑼No doubt/From my point of view, 对该现象做出总体评价对该现象做出总体评价. ⑽ However,可能存在的问题./ it is worth noting that 应该注意的事项. ⑾ 进一步描述问题或注意事项. ⑿All in all/Therefore, 总结全文.问题解决型写作模板---行文思路行文思路Topic首段（描述问题段）首段（描述问题段）⑴Nowadays/recently/In recent years, 问题问题is becoming more and more of a problem/has become quite a serious problem in /has aroused widespread attention/concern from.⑵问题表现一/原因一/危害性一⑶What's worse/In addition,问题表现二/原因二/危害性二危害性二中间段（说明危害/原因段）原因段）⑷ It is very clear that 该问题该问题 is bringing great harm to 危害对象危害对象/There are many factors resulting in 该问题该问题 / ⑸Above all, 危害一/Among these 原因一原因一plays a vital role.⑹ 进一步说明危害/原因一. ⑺ What's more ，危害二/原因二.结尾段（说明方法段）结尾段（说明方法段）⑻Considering the seriousness of 该问题, it is an urgent thing for us to take effectivemeasures to 解决该问题. ⑼First of all 方法一.⑽进一步阐述方法一/Secondly,方法二.⑾Thirdly/In addition,方法三. ⑿ Only through these ways, can the problem be solved./To conclude,it is everyone's responsibility to take effort to solve the problem.对比选择型写作模板---行文思路1Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴When it comes to 谈论主题, there is no complete agreement among people/differentpeople will offer different ⑵Some people take it for granted/believe 一种观点/选择⑶However,others maintain /prefer 另一种观点另一种观点/选择. 中间段（对比论证段）中间段（对比论证段）⑷ Those people who hold the first opinion/make the former choice believe 观点/选择一的理由一. ⑸ (In addition,) in their eyes, they maintain/point out 观点/选择一的理由二. ⑹ However,still others think differently/ do not agree this. ⑺In their opinions, 观点/选择二的理由一. ⑻Besides, they argue 观点/选择二的理由二.结尾段（总结观点段）结尾段（总结观点段） ⑼Weighing up these two argument/choices/preferences, I prefer/am inclined to theformer/the latter one/"我"的选择.⑽ For one thing,理由一. ⑾ For another/What's more,理由二. ⑿Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration, we/ I may reasonably conclude/suggest 重申观点. / In a word, 提出建议.对比选择型写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴Nowadays/In recent years, 一种现象. ⑵Some people 一些人的看法或做法,while others, 另一些人地看法或做法. ⑶ As to me, I prefer to/ am in favor of the former/latter.中间段（反面论证段）中间段（反面论证段）⑷ Of course, "我"不赞同观点的合理性. ⑸ For example, 支持其合理性的例./进一步阐述其合理性. ⑹ But it doesn't mean/it is worth noting that "我" 不赞同不赞同观点的不足. ⑺From my point of view/In my view, 我的不同观点.结尾段（正面论证段）结尾段（正面论证段）⑻The following reasons can account for/contribute to/support my argument. ⑼ First,理由一. ⑽ A good example to illustrate,支持理由一的例子/进一步说明理由一. ⑾ Second, 理由二.⑿ To conclude/From the foregoing,重申观点.观点论证型写作模板---行文思路行文思路Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴Nowadays still many people believe/For years many people have such thought that 与论点冲突的背景观点或现象.⑵进一步说明背景观点或现象. ⑶However, 论点. ⑷The following reasons can support the argument.中间段（说明危害/原因段）原因段）⑸Undoubtedly, 论据一. ⑹进一步说明论据一. ⑺ Furthermore/Moreover,论据二. ⑻ For example ，支持论据二的事例/进一步说明论据二. ⑼ In addition/ What's more, 论据三.结尾段（总结观点段）结尾段（总结观点段）⑽ All mentioned above tell that 重申观点. ⑾ 进一步阐述论点. ⑿Therefore, we should正确态度或做法.记叙文写作模板---行文思路1Topic首段（描述背景段）首段（描述背景段）⑴背景事件⑴背景事件will come soon, 事件的重要性或意义.⑵There is no more appropriate time than this for 相关人员的态度或行动.⑶So on this special occasion, 我的愿望或打算.中间段（叙述经过段）中间段（叙述经过段）⑷ Now I still remember clearly 主题事件. ⑸Firstly ，原因一. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一.⑺Secondly ，原因二. ⑻ Finally, 原因三. (As a result, 以上原因导致的结果. )结尾段（阐述观点段）结尾段（阐述观点段） ⑼As to me/ As far as I am concerned, “我”的态度相关情况或是现象将来的趋势、可能带来的（好或坏的）影响或存在的问题. ⑽For one thing, 理由一/影响一/问题一. ⑾Foranother/In addition/ Besides,理由二/影响二/问题二. ⑿ In brief/ To conclude, 总结全文（经常是提出建议或作出期望.）记叙文写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（描述背景段）首段（描述背景段）⑴简要介绍事件发生的时间, I witnessed 总述目击事件.⑵ 事件给人印之处, which isstill vivid in my mind./该事件was so 事件的突出特点that I was left a deep impression.中间段（叙述经过段）中间段（叙述经过段） ⑶It was/happened 事件开始时间，when 当时的情形. ⑷ ( Suddenly, ) 事件的发展一. ⑸ 事件的发展二. ⑹ 事件的发展三. ⑺As a result, 事件的最终结果或影响.结尾段（阐述观点段）结尾段（阐述观点段）⑻ 总述该事件带来的影响/事件产生的原因.⑼For one thing, 影响一/原因一/措施一. ⑽进一步说明影响一/原因一/措施一. ⑾For another, 影响二/原因二/措施二. ⑿Therefore, 总结全文（提出建议或作出期望).Or Such an incident teaches us an important moral, that is “我的感受或得到的启示. 感受一/行动一. Furthermore,感受二/行动二. In conclusion,I do believe that 总结全文。
【2018最新】考英语四级的备考笔记-优秀word范文 (1页)
【2018最新】考英语四级的备考笔记-优秀word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==考英语四级的备考笔记1.In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to_______________ .2.By practicing these, I have been able to _____________ .3.According to a recent survey, four million people______________ each year.4.______________than Internet.5.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize______________ .答案与解析：1. enjoy the bus ride like me享受......的乐趣直接用enjoy翻译即可。
乘坐公交车在这里相当于一个名词短语，因此应翻译成busride而不是take the bus。
如果将句子翻译成enjoy taking the bus，意思就与enjoy the busride稍有区别。
前者强调动态，表示某个动作的进行，后者强调静态，表示某一经常性习惯性做法。
2. make constant progress in intellectual education不断进步是指不断取得进步，取得进步用短语make progress。
不断应选择constant。
在智育方面作状语置于句末。
3. die of diseases linked to smoking本句意为由最近调查显示，每年有400万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
死于...... 既可以用短语die of也可以用die from，但考生应注意两者用法上的区别。
大学英语四级备考课堂笔记
大学英语四级备考课堂笔记大学英语四级备考课堂笔记1.The university authorities did not approve the regulation, ____________________________(也没有解释为什么).2. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she,_______________________(能被分配做另一项工作).3. John rescued the drowning child _______________________.4. George called his boss from the airport but it(接电话的却是他的助手).5. Although he was interested in philosophy, his father__________________________(他的`父亲说服他)majoring in law.答案与解析：1、学校领导没有批准这项制度，也没有解释为什么。
nor did they make any explanation / nor did they give the reason for doing so.考察两个知识点。
两个否定分句的并列结构，后一个否定词开头的分句中，主谓部分要倒装。
nor的倒装句用法，后半句表示也不的否定意义，注意助动词的时态与上半句保持一致; 作解释的表达，考察了汉译英中动词转名词的技巧，explain explanation，或者give an explanation.(注意别写错了explanation，需要去掉i的)2、Jane对处理客户投诉的工作厌倦了，她想被分配做另一项工作。
could be assigned another job.考察wish从句的虚拟语气用法(can could)和分配某人做某事的词组搭配，assign sb. to sth. 或者assign sb. sth.也可用be arranged to another post.。
四级作文语法笔记模板范文
四级作文语法笔记模板范文英文回答：Basic Grammar Rules for CET-4 Writing。
1. Subject-Verb Agreement。
The subject and verb in a sentence must agree in number and person.Singular subjects take singular verbs, while plural subjects take plural verbs.For example:She likes to read. (Singular subject, singular verb)。
They are going to the store. (Plural subject, plural verb)。
2. Verb Tenses。
Verbs must be used in the correct tense to indicate the time of the action or event.Common tenses include:Simple present: to express present actions or states。
Simple past: to express past actions or events。
Present perfect: to express actions or events that began in the past and continue to the present or have just occurred。
For example:I am working now. (Simple present)。
I worked yesterday. (Simple past)。
I have worked for two years. (Present perfect)。
四级学习笔记
这是四级改革后的选词填空，然后整理了一些常见词汇吧，算是。
take ···seriously严肃对待neglect:疏忽;忽略;遗漏;疏于照顾distinguish:区分，辨别，分清;辨别是非fairly:适当，相当地;公平地;完全，简直;清楚地pottery:陶器;陶器厂[作坊];<集合词>陶器类;陶器制造（术）wrestle:（与某人）搏斗;（与…）摔跤;斟酌n.摔跤;斗争测量：measure;survey;gauge;meter;meterage Rejection拒绝Crow into充满···的空间Initiatives主权，主动性Proactivity 积极性Merely仅仅，只不过Peak山峰最高点Casual偶然的，非正式的Jogger 慢跑锻炼者Invalid 病弱的人，残疾者Soared高飞Profound深刻的，意义深远的Investigated 研究Occasionally偶尔Patent专利Relate联系Integrate使一体化，使完整Presence仪表，风度Reflect反映，考虑，反射Maintain保持，维护Contribute贡献出，投稿Neglect=ignore忽视，不管Distinguish辨别Shelters居所，避难所Household家庭，家属Containers容器Boundary分界线，边线Region地区，管辖区，行政区Brutal野蛮的Harsh粗糙的，严厉的，严格的Bulk体积，大量，大部分，主体Halt停止，终止Waistline腰围Promoted促进，升级Surge汹涌，波涛Charge 装载，使充电Instruction授课，课程，指令Illusion错觉Retain保持，雇佣，Fraction一小部分，分数Succession继承权，系列Immerse浸没，沉迷，陷入Grasp抓住，控制Intimate亲密的，暗示，通知Convention会议，习俗，规矩Spouse配偶，···结婚Withdraw取钱Stock股份，存货Track跟踪Exact强求，要求，精确的Hand传递，搀扶Despite尽管，轻蔑，不承认Consequently所以，因此，结果，推论Surplus过剩，多余Ceased停止，结束Promote促进，提升Fed联邦政府执法官员InsignificantSlave away辛苦···Founder跌倒，破坏，创始者BlameDisposal处置，清理，废品的Distinctive有特色的Gainfully有利益的，有收获的Legislation立法，制定法规Prohibited禁止Sensational轰动的，耸人听闻的Enrolled使卷入Perceived意识到，察觉，发觉，理解Pervasive普遍的，遍布Section部门candidate报考者;申请求职者;攻读学位者;最后命运或结局如何已显然可见者这是四级改革后的匹配阅读题型（有空练练吧？）Young Workers Push Employers for Wider Web AccessA)Ryan Tracy thought he’d entered the Dark Ages when he graduated college andarrived in the working world. His employer blocked access to Facebook, Gmail and other popular Internet sites. He had no wireless access for his laptop and often ran to a nearby cafe on work time so he could use its Wi-Fi connection to send large files. Sure, the barriers did what his employer intended: They stopped him and his colleagues from using work time to mess about online. But Tracy says the rules also got in the way of reasonable work he needed to do as a scientific analyst for a health care services company.B)“It was a constant battle between the people that saw technology as an advantage,and those that saw it as a hindrance,” says the 27-year-old Chicagoan, who now works for a different company. He was sure there had to be a better way. It’s acommon complaint from young people who join the work force with the expectation that their bosses will embrace technology as much as they do. Then some discover that sites they're supposed to be researching for work are blocked.Or they can’t take a little down time to read a news story online or check their personal e-mail or social networking accounts. In some cases, they end up using their own Internet-enabled smart phones to get to blocked sites, either for work or fun.C)So some are wondering: Could companies take a different approach, withoutcompromising security or workplace efficiency that allows at least some of the online access that younger employees particularly long for? “It’s no different than spending too much time around the water cooler or making too many personal phone calls. Do you take those away? No,” says Gary Rudman, president of GTR Consulting, a market research firm that tracks the habits of young people. “These two worlds will continue to conflict until there's a mutual understanding that performance, not Internet usage, is what really matters.”D)This is, after all, a generation of young people known for what University ofToronto sociologist Barry Wellman calls “media multiplexity (多重性).” College students he has studied tell him how they sleep with their smart phones and, in some cases, consider their electronic tools to be like a part of their bodies. They’re also less likely to fit the traditional 9-to-5 work mode and are willing to put in time after hours in exchange for flexibility, including online time. So, Wellman and others argue, why not embrace that working style when possible, rather than fight it?E)There is, of course, another side of the story from employers who worry abouteverything from wasted time on the Internet to giving away secret information and liability for what their employees do online. Such concerns have to be taken especially seriously in such highly regulated fields as finance and health care, says Nancy Flynn, a corporate consultant who heads the Ohio-based ePolicy Institute.From a survey Flynn did this year with the American Management Association, she believes nearly half of U.S. employers have a policy banning visits to personal social networking or video sharing sites during work hours. Many also ban personal text messaging during working days. Flynn notes that the rising popularity of BlackBerrys, iPhones and other devices with Web access and messaging have made it much more difficult to enforce what’s being done on work time, particularly on an employee’s personal phone. Or often the staff uses unapproved software applications to get around the blocks.F)As a result, more employers are experimenting with opening access. That's whatJoe Dwyer decided to do when he started Chicago-based Brill Street & Co., a jobs site for young professionals. He lets his employees use social networking and has found that, while they might spend time chatting up their friends, sometimes they’re asking those same friends for advice for a work problem or looking for useful contacts. “So what seems unproductive can be very productive,” Dwyer says. Kraft Foods Inc. recently opened access to everything from YouTube to Facebook and Hotmail, with the warning that personal use be reasonable andnever interfere with job activities.G)Broadening access does, of course, mean some employees will cross lines theyaren't supposed to. Sapphire Technologies LP, an information-technology staffing firm based in Massachusetts, started allowing employees to use most Internet sites two years ago, because recruiters for the company were going on Facebook to find talent. Martin Perry, the company’s chief information officer, says managers occasionally have to give employees a “slap on the wrist” for watching sports on streaming video or downloading movies on iTunes. And he says older managers sometimes raise eyebrows at their younger peers' online judgment. “If you saw some of the pictures that they've uploaded, even to our internal directory, you'd question the maturity,” Perry says. It’s the price a company has t o pay, he says, for attracting top young talent that’s willing to work at any hour. “Banning the Internet during work hours would be short-sighted on our part,” Perry says.H)But that also means many companies are still figuring out their online policies andhow to deal with the unclear lines between work and personal time including social networking, even with the boss. “I think over time, an open embrace of these tools can become like an awkward embrace,” says Mary Madden, a senior research specialist at the Pew Internet & American Life Project. “It can get very messy.” One option is for companies to allow access to certain sites but limit what employees can do there. For instance, Palo Alto Networks, a computer security company, recently helped a furniture maker open up social networking for some employees, but limited such options as file-sharing, largely so that sensitive information isn’t transferred, even accidentally. “Wide-open Internet access is the risky approach,” says Chris King, Palo Alto Networks’ director of product marketing. However, “fully closed is increasingly unsustainable for cultural reasons and business reasons.”I)Flynn, at the ePolicy Institute, says it’s important that employers have a clearonline policy and then explain it. She believes not enough employers have conducted formal training on such matters as online liability and confidentiality (保密性). Meantime, her advice to any employee is this: "Don't start blogging.Don't start chatting. Don't even start e-mailing until you read the company policy."46. Some highly regulated fields, like finance and health care, tend to take seriousconcern about the problem of secret information exposure.47. Many young people who just join the work force hold the expectation that webaccess is available for employees.48. In spite of the problem caused, some still think that it's short-sighted for thecompany to fully close the Internet during work hours.49. Kraft, Foods Inc. opened web access to the employees on the condition that theyuse the web without interfering with work.50. The generation of “media multiplexity” tends to consider electronic tools as a partof their body.51. Some employers blocked access to Internet because they wanted to preventemployees from using work time to mess about online.52. It is suggested that employees should start blogging, chatting or e-mailing onlyafter they have a clear idea of the company's online policy.53. Gary Rudman reckons that the conflict between employers and employees overweb access will fade away if the importance of performance is prioritized.54. One possible online policy for the company is to allow access to certain websitesbut limit the things employees can do there.55. Due to the popularity of smart phones with web access, it becomes more difficultto enforce what employees are doing during work time.(2)Master's of Your Own FieldA)In the face of a fearsome job market and high graduate unemployment levels,postgraduate education is booming. More than 270,000 students returned to university to add a dash of postgraduate flash to their CVs in the previous year: demand for master's degrees surged 27%, while the number of PhD candidates rose 9%. And the latest research suggests that those currently sweating over postgraduate thesis proposals can sit back and look content. Postgraduate Education in the United Kingdom, a paper published by the British Library and the Higher Education Policy Institute (Hepi), found that, three and a half years after graduation, 94% of postgraduates found work in the professions, compared to 78% of undergraduates.B)There were more reasons to smile from the Higher Education Careers ServicesUnit, whose research into graduate market trends confirmed that master’s graduates experienced lower rates of unemployment during the recession than their first-degree peers. But that extra employability comes at a cost. The average price tag attached to a one-year master's course for a domestic student has risen to ￡4,000. The average cost of an MBA, meanwhile, has hit ￡12,000. Add that expense to the growing concern that universities' ability to provide advanced learning could be hit by staffing cuts and funding squeezes, and the outlook for postgraduate education looks less rosy.C)Those worries come out in the Hepi report, which also shows that the paypremium(奖金) for postgraduates is decreasing. The report's authors admit that postgraduate study may "no longer carry the weight it used to, as increasing numbers of postgraduate qualifiers compete for jobs in UK workplaces". They also admit that as the financial returns from higher study decrease while fees rise, "it may become increasingly difficult for those from less economically secure backgrounds to consider this course". That's one of the issues being tackled in an official review of postgraduate education currently being undertaken by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.D)For now, however, rising fees and lower salary premiums meanwannabe-postgraduates need to be discerning(有辨别力的) when choosing a course. One crucial thing to look at, according to Carl Gilleard, chief executive of the Association of Graduate Recruiters, is how the course will help you meet your future employment aims. “If postgraduate qualifications are undertaken for theright reason, and the graduate is able to explain their value to prospective employers, they can certainly be very worthwhile additions to CVs,” he says.“The desirability of a postgraduate degree varies between sectors in science and engineering a postgraduate qualification is often a requirement, and in investment banking an MBA is seen by many as invaluable when supported by structured work experience. But if the real reason is to delay the job search or as a last resort after failing to secure a job, then it is not going to be a worthwhile exercise.”E)Gilleard also advises postgraduate students to carry out work experience whilestudying. “It's important to find ways to build on employability skills the majority of recruiters think that the ability to demonstrate the competencies required for a role is just as important as having an additional academic qualification.”F)That was an important consideration for Jamie Esterkin, 23, from Manchester,who graduated with a law degree from Nottingham University in 2008. He knew that one day he wanted to work as a lawyer, but decided to do a master's in another subject to broaden his knowledge first. “I was interested in property and business, and wanted to sample life in London, so I chose to do a master's in real estate development at the University of Westminster," Esterkin explains. "I thought it would be especially useful if I choose to specialize in real estate law one day.”G)He began searching websites and university introductions, looking for a coursethat covered a range of property topics, had a strong reputation and offered good value for money. "I found that business and property postgraduate courses at many London universities cost upwards of￡20,000 for a single year, but they mainly covered similar areas." The price' tag was one of the things that drew Esterkin to the Westminster course: he could fund the ￡5,000 fee through savings, help from his parents and a part- time job.H)“Looking back, I think it represented good value for money --- the teaching wasexcellent and the course was interesting and varied,” he says. “The postgraduate learning style was more practical, with hands-on experience that helped me gain a better understanding of the workings of the commercial world. Esterkin has now returned for a final year of legal study, having secured a training contract with a City firm next year. "Given the level of competition in law, I definitely think that my postgraduate degree helped to distinguish me from the crowd," he says. His tip for future postgraduates is to work harder from the start. "Postgraduate courses are taught and examined in a very different way from undergraduate degrees, and as they only last nine months, it's tough to judge the level you need to succeed."I)The drive to find. a good job was also a key motivation for Lauren Dolan, 22,from Bath, who graduated with a degree in management systems from Manchester Metropolitan University in June 2008. She chose to engage in master's study with one eye on the competitive graduate job market and another on the gloomy economic climate. “I wanted, to have something over and above an undergraduate degree to make me stand out from other candidates,” she says. Although she had had weekend and holiday jobs since she was 15, a lack of professional work experience led her to choose a master's in advanced management practice at BathUniversity's business school, which included a six-month work placement in industry.J)“The course gave me a very solid foundation, both in terms of theoretical knowledge and practical work experience,” Dolan explains. She spent her placement working at yoghurt-maker Danone, where she says: "I was given responsibility from the start and the very varied tasks enabled me to develop my skills." The fact that she successfully applied for a permanent job at the firm after graduation means that Dolan feels the ￡12,000 tuition fees were a worthy investment. She adds: “Although it initially sounds expensive, I started work the day after my course ended, so it was definitely worthwhile.”46. Carl Gilleard suggests that one should choose a course based on future employment aims.47.The cruel job market and the gloomy economic climate drove Lauren Dolan toengage in master's study.48.Most employers think that the ability to demonstrate the competencies is equallyimportant as academic qualification.49.Given its high cost and universities' declining ability to provide advanced learning,the outlook for postgraduate education looks less encouraging.50. In order to broaden his knowledge, Esterkin chose to seek a master's in real estatedevelopment.51. It becomes increasingly difficult for those less affluent to consider seekingpostgraduate education as fees rise.52. It is confirmed that during recession postgraduates experienced lower rates ofunemployment than undergraduates.53. It is not worthwhile to get a postgraduate qualification if it is only an excuse todelay seeking a job.54. Both the demand for master's degrees and PhD surged in the previous year asmore people rushed back to university.55. Esterkin believes that his postgraduate degree distinguishes him from othercandidates to get a training contract.(3)Driver's License Test TipsA)This article will provide you with some simple tips for passing your driver'slicense test. Adequate preparation is absolutely essential, without which any number of driver's license test tips will be redundant.B)"Getting a driver's license is a big step in anyone's life. It gives an individual theluxury to drive a car anytime he or she pleases, as driving without passing a driver's license test is against the law. For some people, the stress can be too much to handle and as a result they may mess up on the driver's license test. There are some simple driver's license test tips that anyone can follow, to be assured of passing the test and getting their driver's license.C)The most important of all the tips for passing your driver's license test is to beprepared. This can only be achieved by you through hours and hours of sincereand diligent practice. If you are not sufficiently prepared for your driver's license test, all the driver's license tips for passing your driver's license test will be utterly pointless and redundant. You can read as many drivers' license test tips as you want, but if you are not practicing enough, then all these driving test tips will be in vain. Enrolling yourself in driving schools is advisable for this purpose.D)Now, if you're wondering how to prepare for your driving test, the first thing youneed to know is what the driving test instructors and officials are going to be looking for. The following are the qualities that the instructors will be on the lockout for and also the parameters that the scoring will be conducted on.E)Starting the vehicle: The instructor will be observing you right from the time youstart the vehicle. He will note if you turn your head to look back and if you follow all the safety regulations that are required to be followed while starting a vehicle.Here are some tips on learning to drive a car.F)Control of the vehicle: He will pay close attention to how much control youactually have over the" vehicle. Your abilities with the gas pedal, the brake, the steering wheel and other controls will be scrutinized.G)Steering: Not many road test tips stress on the importance of steering. This qualityis closely analyzed by the instructor arid obviously if your steering is wayward (任性的), the chances of' passing the driver's license test are very slim.''H)Driving in traffic: Keeping calm and avoiding panic attacks while driving intraffic is of utmost importance. Many people get extremely stressed and nervous, when they are in the midst of traffic and one of the very crucial tips to pass road test for driver's license is to stay calm and composed when driving in traffic. Also read more on road safety and car safety.I)Traffic signs and lane discipline: This is another area that the instructors will berating you on. Your ability to observe lane discipline and your recognition of the various traffic signs plays a major role in your passing the test. Keep these driver's license test tips 'in mind to pass the test in your very First attempt.J)Stopping: Stopping the car smoothly and at the right place is a critical skill to have.When the instructor asks you to stop the car, the timing, the positioning and the technique of doing so are important driving test tips to bear in mind.K)Backing up arid distance judgment: Your backing up skills and .your ability to judge the distances between your vehicle and other entities will also be carefully scrutinized. If you cannot back up your vehicle satisfactorily, parking would be very troublesome for you and a major source of hazard to you and to others around you.L)Hill parking: One of the essential tips for passing your driver's license test is to master the art of hill parking. This is not as easy as it seems and can become a major source of anxiety in a driver. If you can display good skills at hill parking, it proves that you have developed good control over the vehicle.M) Arm signals and driving etiquette: Another aspect that you will be judged on is your efficiency at giving the right arm signals at the right time. Your respect for other drivers on the road and the amount of courtesy you show them also plays a part in your final rating on the driver's license test. Read more about defensivedriving techniques and tips and defensive driving courses.N)Drivers who are well aware and informed about all the rules and regulations that need to be followed have a better chance of clearing their driver's license test. The primary goal of these driver's license test tips is to instill (慢慢灌输) a responsible and mature frame of mind in every individual. These road test tips will be pointless unless you develop a calm demeanor and unless you are aware of all the rules that must be followed while driving.O)Here are a few more basic drivers' license test tips that you should keep in mind when you're learning how to prepare for your driving test. Always use the restroom before your test begins. Not doing so will cause more anxiety during the test. Memorize all the traffic signs and their significance well in advance before the test. Use your rear view mirrors efficiently and regularly. Ensure that you are well on time for your test and are carrying all the required documents and paperwork. Get adequate sleep the previous night and do not give the test with an empty stomach. Stick to the permitted speed limit. Do not drive too fast and do not drive too slow either.P)Passing a driver's license test is not simple and unless you are well versed in driver education, you could face a lot of difficulties. At the end of the day, remember that the instructors also want you to pass the test, so do your best to stay calm and composed and believe in your ability to pass the test. This cannot be reinstated enough, but the key to passing your driver's license test is practice. 46.According to this article, the importance of steering is emphasized by not many road test tips.47.Your timing, positioning and technique should be considered by yourself whenyou stop your test car.48. Some people may fail their driver's license tests because they have too much stress.49. Hill parking as one of the essential tips for your license test seems easy.50.The tips in this article primarily aimed at instilling a responsible and mature frameof mind in you.51. In order to pass your driver's license test, you should practice.52. Your driver's license test begins in practice when you start your test car.53. During the preparation process, a few more basic tips should be kept in mind.54. You should sleep adequately the night before your test.55.A lot of difficulties could be faced if you are not well versed in driver education.(4)Creative Book Report IdeasA)Are you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students? If yes, then thisarticle will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class. In an age of PSPs, Xbox, anime and gaming arcades, reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite. Most of the reading that kids do today, comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable andboring task. If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read, then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas. While working' on creative ideas of book reports, your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class, the essence of the book.B)As a teacher, while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells, youwill have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on. Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to, the creative book report ideas will vary. This is so, not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report. While a middle school student will be comfortable handling a handy cam, a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets. So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively? In this article, we will list out for you, a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.C)A book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports. As a teacher youcan get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich, for example, a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise, red to represent tomato and likewise. Obviously, each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together, it looks like a sandwich.Now, give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report. It can start with the name of the book and the author's name on the top slice of the sandwich. The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it. Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters, the setting of the book, the plot, and then his or her views about the book. Once they are done with their book reports, they can staple the book sandwich together and then, you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display.D)One of the good techniques to retell a story, it is also one of the favorite creativebook report ideas among students. The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick-a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/ her audience. Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read, there 'has to be a valid connection between the book and the object, which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it. This idea is spin-off on then normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.E)This is one of the creative ideas for book reports in' which, as the teacher, you willhave to divide your class into groups and give them one book each. The students can then read the book and get together' and Write a play and act it out for the class. To' give a deeper insight into the book, one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group, the students can try and recreate the thought process of the author. The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play。
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【2018-2019】大学英语四级备考课堂笔记-范文模板
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大学英语四级备考课堂笔记
1.The university authorities did not approve the regulation,
____________________________(也没有解释为什么 ).
2. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she,_______________________(能被分配做另一项工作).
3. John rescued the drowning child _______________________.
4. George called his boss from the airport but it(接电话的却是他
的助手).
5. Although he was interested in philosophy, his
father__________________________(他的父亲说服他)majoring in law.
答案与解析：
1、学校领导没有批准这项制度，也没有解释为什么。
nor did they make any explanation / nor did they give the reason for doing so.
考察两个知识点。
两个否定分句的并列结构，后一个否定词开头的分句中，主谓部分要倒装。
nor的倒装句用法，后半句表示也不的否定意义，注意助
动词的时态与上半句保持一致; 作解释的表达，考察了汉译英中动词转名词的技巧，explain explanation，或者give an explanation.(注意别写错了explanation，需要去掉i的)
2、Jane对处理客户投诉的工作厌倦了，她想被分配做另一项工作。
could be assigned another job.
考察wish从句的虚拟语气用法(can could)和分配某人做某事的词组搭配，assign sb. to sth. 或者assign sb. sth.也可用be arranged to another post.
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