高三英语高考复习名词性从句
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名词性从句
定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,
主语: His job is important
What he does is important.
表语: This is his job.
This is what he does every day.
My idea is that we should help her do housework everyday.
名词性从句在复合句中能担任: 主语、宾语(介词宾语)、表语、同位语，
因此,根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为:
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
注意：1.从句一律保持陈述语序。 2. 名词性从句可以表示：事实和问
一、引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接连词：that, whether, if , as if ,because（不充当从句的任何成分，且that 也没有任何意义）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
二、名词性从句的注意事况
1、what与that 的区别：
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，
还在名词性从句中充当成分，表示说的、做的、想的等内容，可做
从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，
只起连接作用。
Eg.That he stole a bike was true. 他偷了一部自行车是真的
The important thing is what you do , but not what you say .
重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。
Practice:
1.what he wants is a book.
2. That he wants to go there is obvious.
3.The result is that we won the game.
4.This is what we want to know.
8. I have no idea what he did that afternoon.
2．that不可省略的情况：
a. 主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句
b.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
c.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略
3、whether 和 if 的区别是: （在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代）
a. 主语从句
b. 表语从句
c. 同位语从句
e. 介词后的宾语从句只能用“whethr”, （一般可以互换）
f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.（whether也可与动词不定式连用但
if不能）
g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
名词性从句作：
一、主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分，
1. 通常放在主句谓语动词之前 *
Eg.1). That he will succeed is certain .
2) Whether he will go there is not known .
3) What he said is not true .
4) Where he hid the money is to be found out .
5) Whoever comes is welcome.
2. 也可以由形式主语it 来代替，而将主语从句放在句末。*
(1)That you didn’t go to see the film is a pity.--
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
(2) Which football team will win the match is hard to say.--
It is hard to say which football team will win the match.
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that…有必要……
It is important that…重要的是……
It is obvious that…很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is belie ved that…人们相信……
It is known to all that…从所周知……
It has been decided that…已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that………是常识
It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that…事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It a ppears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起
“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。 @@
主语从句的“that”一般不能省。
“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
@@ 1）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2）根据句子的语境而定。
1.What you left are only several old books.
2.What you said is of great importance.
3.What he says and does doesn’ｔ concern me.
4.What he says and does don’t agree.