The-Audio-Lingual-Method教案资料

理论基础
• 结构主义语言学
• 强调第二语言教学要从口语开始，从说话开 始，通过掌握语言结构学会目的语言。认为 语言首先是说的话，所有的人在学会阅读之 前都是先学会说话的，文字是话语的表现形 式。
• 行为主义心理学
• 认为言语行为是通过刺激与反应的联结并加 以强化而形成习惯，强调第二语言教学要通 过大量的模仿和反复操练养成新的语言习惯 。
c) Emphasis on certain practice techniques: mimicry, memorization and pattern drills (强调模仿、记忆和句 型操练)
d) Discouraging the use of the mother tongue in the classroom（在课堂教学中避 免使用母语）
It uses dialogues as the main form of language presentation and drills as the main training techniques.
Mother tongue is discouraged in the classroom.
Historical background
Practical applications
• Family Album U.S.A. • English 900
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3
背景
听说法于20世纪40年代在美国产生。 第二次世界大战爆发后，美国军队为 在短期内培养大批掌握外语口语能力 的军人，采取一系列的措施和手段强 化训练士兵的听说能力，听说法便应 运而生。战后，该法被推广应用到学 校外语教学中，并在20世纪五六十年 代风行美国和s
a) Structural Linguistics结构主
义语言学
Language is a system of structural related elements, like phonological units, grammatical units, and lexical( 词 汇 的 ) items, for the transmission of meaning. So to learn the target language is to master the elements of the target language system.
① Repetition Drill (重复练习) ② Substitution Drill(替换练习) ③ Question & Answer Drill(问答练习) ④ Expansion Drill (扩展句子练习) ⑤ Clause Combination Drill (合并句子练习) ⑥ Backward Build-up Drill(逆向读句练习) ⑦ Chain Drill (完成链接练习） ⑧ Completion（完成句子练习） ⑨ Use of Minimal Pairs (最小成对练习，又称
语音辨别练习)
4 .Teaching procedures（教学步骤）
a)Recognition (认别) b)Imitation and Repetition (模仿和复述) • Pattern Drills (句型操练） • Follow-up Activities (补充练习)
Comments a) Advantages:
b) Behavioral Psychology行 为主义心理学
It also known as behaviorism, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. According to behaviorism, behavior can be studied in a systematic and observable manner with no consideration of internal mental states.
b) Disadvantages:
➢ Learners have little control over the content, pace or style.
➢ It is a boring mechanical operation.
➢ It is not conductive to create communicative competence.
➢It attempts to make language learning accessible to large group of ordinary learners. ➢It helps the students gain control over grammatical structures. ➢Using language lab will be more efficient.
1).It was developed in the US during the Second World War. 2).To set up a special languagetraining program to supply the war with language personnel. 3).The Army Method was established in 1942. 4).Educational institution adopted the Army Method. 5).The Army Method came to be known in the 1950s as the Audio-lingual Method.
Basic principles
1. main features
a) Separation of language skills into listening, speaking, reading and writing, with emphasis on the teaching of listening and speaking before reading and writing(把语言 分成听、说、读、写四种技能， 在教学中强调先听说，后读写 ) b) Use of dialogues as the chief means to present the language （对话是语言教学中的主要形式）
The-Audio-Lingual-Method
Definition
The Audio-lingual Method is a method of foreign language teaching which emphasizes the teaching of listening and speaking before reading and writing.
e) Use of language lab （使用 语言实验室）
2. Objective
The general objective is to enable the students to use the target language communicatively.
3. Techniques