英语国家文化 第4章：澳大利亚
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
【学习了解一些有关澳大利亚天气、历史、人口、宗教 信仰、政治、经济、教育和文化等方面的基本常识。】
Some questions to ask:
1. What do you know about Australia? 2. What is Australia famous for? 3. What is the season in Australia now? Why
emu (鸸鹋)
鸸鹋群
小知识
鸸鹋 (érmiáo)，又名澳洲鸵鸟（按分类它确实属
于鸵鸟的一种），它能堂而皇之地走上澳大利亚国 徽，得益于它是澳大利亚最大的鸟，腿长善于奔 跑，时速可达70公里，是澳大利亚的象征性动物 之一。鸸鹋与非洲鸵鸟最主要区别是澳洲鸸鹋有 三趾，而非洲鸵鸟为两趾，另外，鸸鹋的体型较
The dry season lasts also about 6 months in autumn & winter, usually between May and October.
Temperatures are lower and the skies are generally clearer during the dry season. The average temperature is around 20 degrees centigrade. (pp59-60)
非洲鸵鸟要矮小些 (只有约1.5米高) (注：“鸸鹋”
是英语 emu 一词的音译，而 emu 一词源于澳洲 土著居民的发音。)
Koala
考拉熊
“看我们摆的造型可爱吧？”
The Sydney Opera House 悉尼歌剧院
The Sydney Bay & the Sydney Bridge
【根椐2006年澳大利亚的人口普查，63.9%(或约1269万) 的澳大利亚人自称是基督教徒。所以，基督教是澳大利 亚绝大多数人的宗教信仰。】
◆ Brief History (澳大利亚简史)
The written history of Australia began when Dutch explorers (荷兰探险者) first sighted the landmass (大陆；地块) in the 17th century. The Holland explorer Willem Jansz (威廉·詹茨 ) was the first man to discover Australia in 1606. He sailed along the southern coast of New Guinea (新几尼亚) and then he turned south and sighted Cape York Peninsula (约克角半 岛) on Australia’s northern coast. Jansz named the land New Holland & explored the Gulf of Carpentaria (卡奔塔利亚湾) on the Cape’s western shore. The first recorded European sighting of the South Australian coast was in 1627 by the Dutch explorer Francois Thissen. (p60)
and semiarid; temperate (温和的) in south and east; and
tropical (炎热的/热带的) in north. The pattern of rainfall is also distinct (不同的) — some places have abundant rain at one time of the year & almost none at other times. (pp59-60)
＊Head of the country: the present head of Australia is the British Queen Elizabeth II.
【国家元首：英国女王伊丽莎白二世】
＊Administrative divisions of the country (行政区划): 6 states and 2 territories (6个州和两个领地):
【澳大利亚不同地区的气候差别很大。 总体是干旱和半干旱性气 候。 其南部和东部气候温和，北部气候炎热。 其下雨的方式也 很特别——有些地区一年中某些时候雨量充沛，但在其他时候则 滴雨不下。
澳大利亚的雨季为春季至夏季，即11月至4月，持续6个月。雨 季比旱季热，气温通常在摄氏30～50度之间。这是因为雨季期间 湿度大， 导致空气中含有大量的水分所致。 雨季期间雨量充沛， 常常导致洪灾。
26, 1788, the first group of exiles (流放者) from the UK reached the Sydney Bay, which marked the beginning of the British colonization of Australia. And that day was later made the national day of Australia.)
府：阿德莱德; population: 1.6 million——人口：160万) (4) Victoria (维多利亚州) (Capital: Melbourne——首府：墨
尔本; population: 5.1 million——人口：510万) (5) Western Australia (西澳大利亚州) (Capital: Perth——首
【澳大利亚国庆节：1月26日 (注：1788年1月26日，第一批从英 国来的流放者抵达悉尼湾——这标志着英国对澳大利亚殖民的开 始，而这一天后来被定为了澳大利亚国庆节。)】
A Sketch Map Of Australia
澳大利亚略图
A Map of Australia
澳大利亚地图
A Map of Australia
(1) New South Wales (新南威尔士州) (Capital: Sydney——首 府：悉尼; population: 6.9 million——人口：690万) (2) Queensland (昆士兰州) (Capital: Brisbane——首府：布里
斯班; population: 4.25 million——人口：425万) (3) South Australia (南澳大利亚州) (Capital: Adelaide——首
Australia 【正式国名为：澳大利亚联邦】
Cf. The British Commonwealth (of Nations) (英联邦)
＊Location of the country in the world: it is in the southern
hemisphere (南半球) between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean.
The wet season in Australia lasts about 6 months in spring and summer, between November & April. It is hotter than the dry season, with temperature between 30 & 50 degrees Celsius/centigrade (摄氏). This is because of the high humidity (湿气; 湿度) during the wet, which is caused by large amounts of water in the air. During the wet season, there is a lot of rain, which frequently causes flooding.
悉尼海湾 和 悉尼大桥
A glimpse of Sydney 悉尼一瞥
艾耶斯巨石 (AYER’S ROCK) 位于澳大利亚南澳州的 沙漠之中，是世界上最大的单体/整体巨石。艾尔斯巨 石高348米，呈椭圆形，东高宽而西低狭，长3.6公里， 宽2公里，基围周长约9公里。 澳州土著人认为这块巨 石是他们神圣祖先的圣地，是一块圣石。
Ayer’s Rock 艾耶斯巨石
◆ Climate (气候)
What difference does its location (in southern hemisphere) bring in season against countries in northern hemisphere?
【与北半球国家相比，南半球的澳大利亚在季节上有何不同？】
府：佩斯; population: 2.2 million ——人口：220万)
(6) Tasmania (塔斯曼尼亚州) (Capital: Hobart——首府：荷 巴特; population: 0.5 million——人口：50万)
(7) Northern Territory (北领地) (Capital: Darwin——首府： 达尔文; population: 0.23 million——人口：23万)
英语国家文化 第4章：澳大利亚
Learning Goals
（学习目的）
★To learn something general about the climate, history, population, belief, politics, economy, education and culture of Australia.
旱季为秋季和冬季，即5月至10月，也持续6个月。 在旱季期间，气温要低些，天空通常变得更晴朗，平均气温为摄 氏20度左右。】
◆ Belief (宗教信仰)
According to the 2006 Australian census, 63.9% (12.69 million) of the Australian population is selfdeclared (自称) as Christians. So Christianity is the religion of the majority in Australia. (p61)
The striking (显著的/明显的) difference it brings is its opposite seasons against countries in northern hemisphere.
【明显差别是季节上与北半球的国家正好相反。】
It has a climate that widely varies (变化) among the different regions in Australia. Generally speaking, it is arid (干旱的)
is it different from China?
Part A
Exploring
Australia
探访澳大利亚
Text A
A Brief Introduction
Of Australia
澳大利亚 概况简介
＊The official name of the country: The Commonwealth of
【在世界上的位置：位于印度洋和南太平洋之间的南半球】
＊Size of the country: 7.69 million sq. km., ranking 6 in the world after Russia, Canada, China, USA, and Brazil.
【面积：769万平方公里，列俄、加、中、美、巴之后，排第6位】
(8) Australian National Territory (首都领地) (Populatio of the country: 22 million (the 2009 census)
【全国人口：2200万】
＊National Day of Australia: January 26 (On January
澳 大 利 亚 简图
The National Flag of Australia
澳大利亚国旗
The National Emblem of Australia 澳大利亚国徽
5
澳 大 利 亚
澳 元 样 币
1
澳 大 利 亚
澳 元 硬 币
澳大利亚气候略图
澳大利亚人口分布略图
Kangaroo 袋鼠
Some questions to ask:
1. What do you know about Australia? 2. What is Australia famous for? 3. What is the season in Australia now? Why
emu (鸸鹋)
鸸鹋群
小知识
鸸鹋 (érmiáo)，又名澳洲鸵鸟（按分类它确实属
于鸵鸟的一种），它能堂而皇之地走上澳大利亚国 徽，得益于它是澳大利亚最大的鸟，腿长善于奔 跑，时速可达70公里，是澳大利亚的象征性动物 之一。鸸鹋与非洲鸵鸟最主要区别是澳洲鸸鹋有 三趾，而非洲鸵鸟为两趾，另外，鸸鹋的体型较
The dry season lasts also about 6 months in autumn & winter, usually between May and October.
Temperatures are lower and the skies are generally clearer during the dry season. The average temperature is around 20 degrees centigrade. (pp59-60)
非洲鸵鸟要矮小些 (只有约1.5米高) (注：“鸸鹋”
是英语 emu 一词的音译，而 emu 一词源于澳洲 土著居民的发音。)
Koala
考拉熊
“看我们摆的造型可爱吧？”
The Sydney Opera House 悉尼歌剧院
The Sydney Bay & the Sydney Bridge
【根椐2006年澳大利亚的人口普查，63.9%(或约1269万) 的澳大利亚人自称是基督教徒。所以，基督教是澳大利 亚绝大多数人的宗教信仰。】
◆ Brief History (澳大利亚简史)
The written history of Australia began when Dutch explorers (荷兰探险者) first sighted the landmass (大陆；地块) in the 17th century. The Holland explorer Willem Jansz (威廉·詹茨 ) was the first man to discover Australia in 1606. He sailed along the southern coast of New Guinea (新几尼亚) and then he turned south and sighted Cape York Peninsula (约克角半 岛) on Australia’s northern coast. Jansz named the land New Holland & explored the Gulf of Carpentaria (卡奔塔利亚湾) on the Cape’s western shore. The first recorded European sighting of the South Australian coast was in 1627 by the Dutch explorer Francois Thissen. (p60)
and semiarid; temperate (温和的) in south and east; and
tropical (炎热的/热带的) in north. The pattern of rainfall is also distinct (不同的) — some places have abundant rain at one time of the year & almost none at other times. (pp59-60)
＊Head of the country: the present head of Australia is the British Queen Elizabeth II.
【国家元首：英国女王伊丽莎白二世】
＊Administrative divisions of the country (行政区划): 6 states and 2 territories (6个州和两个领地):
【澳大利亚不同地区的气候差别很大。 总体是干旱和半干旱性气 候。 其南部和东部气候温和，北部气候炎热。 其下雨的方式也 很特别——有些地区一年中某些时候雨量充沛，但在其他时候则 滴雨不下。
澳大利亚的雨季为春季至夏季，即11月至4月，持续6个月。雨 季比旱季热，气温通常在摄氏30～50度之间。这是因为雨季期间 湿度大， 导致空气中含有大量的水分所致。 雨季期间雨量充沛， 常常导致洪灾。
26, 1788, the first group of exiles (流放者) from the UK reached the Sydney Bay, which marked the beginning of the British colonization of Australia. And that day was later made the national day of Australia.)
府：阿德莱德; population: 1.6 million——人口：160万) (4) Victoria (维多利亚州) (Capital: Melbourne——首府：墨
尔本; population: 5.1 million——人口：510万) (5) Western Australia (西澳大利亚州) (Capital: Perth——首
【澳大利亚国庆节：1月26日 (注：1788年1月26日，第一批从英 国来的流放者抵达悉尼湾——这标志着英国对澳大利亚殖民的开 始，而这一天后来被定为了澳大利亚国庆节。)】
A Sketch Map Of Australia
澳大利亚略图
A Map of Australia
澳大利亚地图
A Map of Australia
(1) New South Wales (新南威尔士州) (Capital: Sydney——首 府：悉尼; population: 6.9 million——人口：690万) (2) Queensland (昆士兰州) (Capital: Brisbane——首府：布里
斯班; population: 4.25 million——人口：425万) (3) South Australia (南澳大利亚州) (Capital: Adelaide——首
Australia 【正式国名为：澳大利亚联邦】
Cf. The British Commonwealth (of Nations) (英联邦)
＊Location of the country in the world: it is in the southern
hemisphere (南半球) between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean.
The wet season in Australia lasts about 6 months in spring and summer, between November & April. It is hotter than the dry season, with temperature between 30 & 50 degrees Celsius/centigrade (摄氏). This is because of the high humidity (湿气; 湿度) during the wet, which is caused by large amounts of water in the air. During the wet season, there is a lot of rain, which frequently causes flooding.
悉尼海湾 和 悉尼大桥
A glimpse of Sydney 悉尼一瞥
艾耶斯巨石 (AYER’S ROCK) 位于澳大利亚南澳州的 沙漠之中，是世界上最大的单体/整体巨石。艾尔斯巨 石高348米，呈椭圆形，东高宽而西低狭，长3.6公里， 宽2公里，基围周长约9公里。 澳州土著人认为这块巨 石是他们神圣祖先的圣地，是一块圣石。
Ayer’s Rock 艾耶斯巨石
◆ Climate (气候)
What difference does its location (in southern hemisphere) bring in season against countries in northern hemisphere?
【与北半球国家相比，南半球的澳大利亚在季节上有何不同？】
府：佩斯; population: 2.2 million ——人口：220万)
(6) Tasmania (塔斯曼尼亚州) (Capital: Hobart——首府：荷 巴特; population: 0.5 million——人口：50万)
(7) Northern Territory (北领地) (Capital: Darwin——首府： 达尔文; population: 0.23 million——人口：23万)
英语国家文化 第4章：澳大利亚
Learning Goals
（学习目的）
★To learn something general about the climate, history, population, belief, politics, economy, education and culture of Australia.
旱季为秋季和冬季，即5月至10月，也持续6个月。 在旱季期间，气温要低些，天空通常变得更晴朗，平均气温为摄 氏20度左右。】
◆ Belief (宗教信仰)
According to the 2006 Australian census, 63.9% (12.69 million) of the Australian population is selfdeclared (自称) as Christians. So Christianity is the religion of the majority in Australia. (p61)
The striking (显著的/明显的) difference it brings is its opposite seasons against countries in northern hemisphere.
【明显差别是季节上与北半球的国家正好相反。】
It has a climate that widely varies (变化) among the different regions in Australia. Generally speaking, it is arid (干旱的)
is it different from China?
Part A
Exploring
Australia
探访澳大利亚
Text A
A Brief Introduction
Of Australia
澳大利亚 概况简介
＊The official name of the country: The Commonwealth of
【在世界上的位置：位于印度洋和南太平洋之间的南半球】
＊Size of the country: 7.69 million sq. km., ranking 6 in the world after Russia, Canada, China, USA, and Brazil.
【面积：769万平方公里，列俄、加、中、美、巴之后，排第6位】
(8) Australian National Territory (首都领地) (Populatio of the country: 22 million (the 2009 census)
【全国人口：2200万】
＊National Day of Australia: January 26 (On January
澳 大 利 亚 简图
The National Flag of Australia
澳大利亚国旗
The National Emblem of Australia 澳大利亚国徽
5
澳 大 利 亚
澳 元 样 币
1
澳 大 利 亚
澳 元 硬 币
澳大利亚气候略图
澳大利亚人口分布略图
Kangaroo 袋鼠