2019高考英语一轮达标Unit1Friendship配套练习题 含解析新人教版必修一1

Unit 1 Friendship
一、阅读理解。

Spider(蜘蛛) webs have something in common with guitar strings. The long, thin strings on a guitar can vibrate(振动). They move back and forth, or from side to side. So do webs made by spiders. The lines of silk they produce can carry vibrations. This movement gives the small creature information about what landed on the web.
Spiders have eight legs and usually eight eyes. The animals build webs with their own soft, naturally­made silk. And much like playing the strings of a guitar, a spider can send out vibrations across its web over many different frequencies(频率). Spiders catch their food, usually insects in their webs. They make small movements, which spread across their webs. The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web—maybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat.
Vibrations are not just used to spot what is for dinner. They are also important in courtship(求爱), so lots of males will actually create a very specific kind of musical pattern which the females c an use to determine not only that they’re a male, but they’re the right species, and whether they might want to mate with them as well.
Spiders make their own vibrations to find out the condition of the webs. By controlling the tightness of the material, they can effectively control how information is getting to them when they hang out in the middle of the web.Spiders have a special ability to shape the physical nature of their self­made materials and creations. Scientists think that spider silk may have changed over time for this purpose.
【解题导语】本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动，这些振动让它们知道蜘蛛网上落下了什么东西并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要。

1．How does a spider feel that an insect is caught in the web?
A．Through its sense of sight.
B．Through vibrations of its web.
C．Through different frequencies.
D．Through a musical pattern.
B 解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段的“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web”可知，蜘蛛可以通过蛛网的振动知道有东西落到蛛网上了。

故选B项。

2．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．Insects. B．Strings.
C．Spiders. D．Vibrations.
A 解析：代词指代题。

根据第二段的“Spiders catch their food... across their webs.”可知，蜘蛛在它们的蛛网上捕食，一般捕到的都是昆虫。

它们制造出传遍整张蛛网的小振动。

所以They指代的是昆虫。

3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Silk produces vibrations as the strings of a guitar do.
B．Female spiders make special sounds to attract a partner.
C．Hunting will be hard for spiders if the silk is loose.
D．The tightness of silk can’t be adjusted once it’s made.
C 解析：细节理解题。

根据最后一段的“By controlling the tightness of the m aterial, they can effectively control how information is ge tting to them”可知，蛛网的紧密度对蜘蛛捕猎至关重要，故选C项。

4．The text mainly tells readers ___________ ．
A．guitars and spider webs are similar
B．spider webs have various functions
C．spiders are skillful in hunting insects
D．vibrations are vital in a spider’s life
D 解析：主旨大意题。

根据整篇文章的叙述，尤其是第二段中的最后一句可知，D项正确。

二、单句语法填空
1．It was when I got back to my apartment ________I first came across my new neighbors.
答案：that 本句是强调句。

被强调部分是时间状语，故应填that。

2．Lily can't fall asleep, extremely ________ (concern) about the result of her maths test.
答案：concerned 短语be concerned about ... “担忧，挂念……”，本句中逗号后没有连词，故逗号后的部分为状语，此处应用形容词短语作伴随状语。

3．It's no pleasure ________ (go) camping on such a foggy day.
答案：going It's no pleasure doing sth. “做某事没有乐趣”。

4．The little boy is clever enough to have no trouble ________ (find) his house without others' help.
答案：finding have no trouble doing sth. “做某事没困难”。

5．There was no ________ (agree), and the proposal was accepted.
答案：disagreement 由形容词no可知，本空应填名词，再由后一分句“建议被接受了”可知，应填名词disagreement。

6．He happened ________ (know) the secret, so I needn't tell him.
答案：to have known happen to do sth. “碰巧做某事”，再由后一并列分句“没有必要告诉他”可知，前一分句谓语部分应用不定式的完成式。

7．He set his alarm clock before going to bed in order ________ (get) up earlier than usual the next morning.
答案：to get in order to do sth. “为了做某事”。

8．Several weeks had gone by ________ they knew the painting was missing.
答案：before before引导的时间状语从句，表示“在……以前”，从句常用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。

9．While ________ (wait) for the bus by the roadside, I found a wallet on the ground.
答案：waiting 时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语部分含有be动词，故从句中省略主语和be动词，填waiting。

while waiting可看作是while I was waiting 的省略。

10．The windows haven't been cleaned for at least a year and are ________ (dust) now.
答案：dusty dusty “脏的，布满尘土的”，是形容词，在此处作表语。

三、完形填空。

I was looking through some old photo albums the other day.I had __1__ done that many times before but I felt a sudden __2__ to see them again.I found myself __3__ so many beautiful memories from my childhood.There was my dear Nana giving me a thorough __4__ when I was a newborn baby.There was me and my brother standing in front of the world's ugliest __5__ our favorite Christmas tree.There was my beautiful Mom __6__ me on her lap.Then the pictures seemed __7__ all of a sudden because my eyes were wet.I just couldn't __8__ the tears.“What is going on？” I __9__.I hadn't cried the last time.But what was __10__ now?
I soon saw that it was I who changed.I had __11__.My spirit had walked a little further down the __12__ of love.I realized as long as they came with a warm heart，wet eyes were __13__ to be ashamed of.I smiled and I felt Mom and Nana smiling __14__
on me from Heaven.
Leo Buscaglia said：“I'm not afraid of __15__.They clean out my eyeballs.”
I think they clean out our __16__ as well.They help us to wash away our pain, fear and grief(悲伤)．They help us to __17__ our love and goodness.They help us to become who we are __18__ to be.The next time you feel your tears starting，just let them __19__.
Life is full of smiles and tears.Only by allowing them both can we __20__ live.
1．A.never B．ever
C．already D．nearly
2．A.appeal B．sadness
C．fear D．urge
3．A.shaping B．reliving
C．escaping D．building
4．A.bath B．speech
C．hug D．survey
5．A.and B．but
C．or D．as
6．A.spinning B．possessing
C．holding D．walking
7．A.beautiful B．blank
C．abnormal D．vague
8．A.fight back B．fight with
C．fight for D．fight against
9．A.found B．wondered
C．hesitated D．discussed
10．A.heartbreaking B．wrong
C．different D．disturbing
11．A.grown B．misunderstood
C．insisted D．struggled
12．A.feast B．path
C．expectation D．circle
13．A.everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
14．A.forward B．upwards
C．down D．behind
15．A.tears B．failures
C．deaths D．illnesses
16．petence B．inside
C．identification D．development
17．A.look through B．clean out
C．learn from D．reconnect to
18．ed B．reminded
C．forced D．meant
19．A.separate B．stay
C．flow D．disappear
20．A.truly B．roughly
C．generally D．tentatively
【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。

再次看老相册时，作者重温了童年的一些美好回忆，并流下了眼泪。

作者从而感悟到生活中充满欢笑和眼泪，只有允许它们两者存在，我们才能真正地生活。

【核心词汇】urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 v．催促，力劝；强烈要求
I had a sudden urge to call him.我突然很想给他打电话。

We should constantly urge ourselves on to study hard.我们应该不断地鞭策自己努力学习。

1．C 根据下文的“many times before”以及“I hadn't cried the last time”可知，作者应该不止一次看这些老相册，故此处表示作者之前已经(already)多次看过这些老相册。

2．D 此处表示作者突然有再次看老相册的冲动(urge)。

appeal“恳求”；fear“害怕”。

3．B 此处表示作者重温(reliving)了许多来自童年时期的美好回忆。

shape“塑造”；escape“逃避”；build“建造”。

4．A 根据下文的“when I was a newborn baby”可知，此处表示作者还是个新生儿时，奶奶给她彻底洗澡，故选A项。

5．B 空前的“the world's ugliest”和空后的“our favorite”之间为转折关系，故用并列连词but。

6．C 根据下文的“on her lap”可知，此处应表示“我漂亮的妈妈把我抱着放在她的腿上”。

hold意为“抱着，托着”，符合语境。

spin“快速旋转”；possess“拥有”；walk“遛”。

7．D 上文提到了作者正在看老照片，根据下文的“because my eyes were we t...the tears”可知作者流泪了，根据常识可知，此处表示这些老照片变得模糊(vague)了。

blank“空白的”；abnormal“不正常的”。

8．A 根据上文的“because my eyes were wet”和下文的“I hadn't cried the last time.But...”可知，作者这次看老照片的时候哭了，此处表示作者遏制不住眼泪。

fight back“忍住，抑制住”，符合语境。

fight with“与……争辩”；fight for“努力争取”；fight against“对抗”。

9．B 作者以前看老照片没有哭，而这次看老照片却哭了。

所以作者想知道(wondered)发生了什么。

find“发现，找到”；hesitate“犹豫，迟疑”；discuss“讨论”。

10．C 根据下文的“I soon saw that it was I who changed”可知，作者很快明白，是她自己和以前不一样了。

故之前作者想知道的问题是“现在有什么是不同的呢”。

故选C 项。

11．A 根据下文的“My spirit had walked a little further”可知，此处应表示作者的心灵已经在爱的道路(path)上走得更远了一点了，即作者已经成长(grown)了。

12．B 参见上题解析。

feast“宴会”；expectation“期望”；circle“圈子”。

13．D 根据上文的“as long as they came with a warm heart”以及下文的“I smiled”可知，该句表示含泪的眼睛没有什么(nothing)可羞愧的，只要它们伴随着一颗温暖的心而来。

14．C 根据下文的“on me from Heaven”可知，此处表示作者感到妈妈和奶奶从天堂向下(down)冲着自己微笑。

15．A 根据语境尤其是下文的“They clean out my eyeballs”可知，此处表示“眼泪清洗了我的眼球”，故选tears。

16．B 根据下文的“They help us to wash away our pain，fear and grief(悲伤)．They help us to...to be”可知，此处表示眼泪不仅清洗了我们的眼球，也清洗了我们的内心(inside)。

competence“能力”；identification“辨认”；developmen t“发展”。

17．D 第一段提到老照片让作者的美好回忆重现，故这里应该是表示“眼泪帮助我们重新找回我们的爱和善良”。

reconnect to“重新连接”，在这里引申为“重新找回”。

look through“浏览”；clean out“把……清洗干净”。

18．D 此处表示眼泪可以帮助我们成为我们想成为的人。

be meant to do“打算，想要”。

19．C 根据上文提到的眼泪的好处可知，此处表示下次你感觉到眼泪开始流的时候，那么就让它们流下来吧。

故选C项。

20．A 生活中充满笑和泪，只有允许它们都存在，我们才能真正地(truly)生活。

roughly“粗略地”；generally“大体上”；tentatively“试探性地”。

四、单句改错
1．He spoke calm to them trying to pour oil on troubled waters but it was useless.
________________________________________________________
答案：calm→calmly副词calmly “镇静地”修饰动词短语spoke to。

2．There was a time that the two countries were at war.
________________________________________________________
答案：that→when There was a time when ... 是固定结构，意为“曾经/一度/有一段时间……”。

3．Exact speaking, I disagree with you on this matter.
________________________________________________________
答案：Exact→Exactly exactly speaking 为固定搭配，意为“确切地说”。

4．He said that he had fallen in love with Mary for two years and would get married the next year.
________________________________________________________
答案：fallen→been be in love with可与时间段连用，fall in love with 表示瞬时动作，不可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

5．I have never heard of the names you added up to the list.
________________________________________________________
答案：去掉up add to “添加”，add up to “合计为”。

根据句意去掉up。

五、七选五
Shortness of breath has many different causes，and the treatment of it is specific for each cause.__1__ There are, however，some following first aid steps you can use to treat it，at least until the ambulance arrives or you're able to get the victim to a hospital.
__2__ The more energy you spend，the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel.Think about a good workout at the gym.Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath.The cure？Take a break.
Let the victim sit，stand or lie where's the most comfortable.There're lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow.Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion.Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position.__3__.
Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung
problems.If the victim has oxygen available, this is what it's for.__4__ The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems.Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.
Treat the cause of shortness of breath.__5__ Asthma patients，for example，often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath.Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.
A．Have the victim rest.
B．Take more exercise at the gym.
C．The victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.
D．There're many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable.
E．The victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.
F．Every person is different，however，so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable.
G．In many cases，the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor.
【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。

1．G 本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G。

2．A 根据本段中的“The cure？Take a break”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选A。

3．F 根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选F。

4．C 根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气，故选C。

5．D 根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可以治疗的，故选D。

Unit 1 Living well
一、阅读理解
Dear Xiaoxue，
We are looking forward to meeting you in a few weeks！Training for all students is compulsory and starts on Monday,6 February—all the details including what to expect are below.
Training
Monday,6 February to Friday,24 February
9：00 a．m.—3：00 p．m.
Building 41，Room 104
Key points to highlight：
On Monday,6 February，you will be given a workbook and timetable for the next 3 weeks.
On Tuesday,7 February，you will be in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory and will need to wear the correct footwear.Please click_here to see what is appropriate footwear.You also need to be bare below the elbow(肘)just as you would if working in a clinical setting with comfortable clothes—a short sleeve top is recommended.
There is no face to face learning on 8,17,23 or 24 February.These days are set aside for self­directed learning activities in your workbook.
It is compulsory that you attend all sessions and pass the OSCE(clinical examination in week 3)in order to complete the curriculum.
You can bring food or purchase it from one of the many shops on campus.There are several microwaves and student facilities located on campus.
Department of Science，Medicine & Health Training
Thursday,23 February
9：30 a．m.—12：00 p．m.
Building 67，McKinnon Foyer
This training is for all students studying in the Department of Science，Medicine & Health.It is an opportunity to meet other students studying Nursing as well as staff and each student will receive a welcome pack and there will be activities and lots of fun!
We're here to help！If you have any questions please contact the Program Coordinator Ms Jo­Anne Gray on (02)4221 5124 or jgray@.au.
We're looking forward to meeting you on 6 February!
Kind regards，
Faculty of Science，Medicine & Health
University of Wollongong
1．When will students study by themselves?
A．On 6 February.
B．On 7 February.
C．On 8 February.
D．On 18 February.
2．What are students supposed to do in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory?
A．Put on hats.
B．Wear suitable shoes.
C．Wear long shirts.
D．Roll up sleeves.
3．Which of the following is TRUE of the key points?
A．You should bring food to school.
B．You had better attend all sessions.
C．You will get your notebook in 3 weeks.
D．You must pass the OSCE exam to finish the course.
4．What can we know about the training of 23 February?
A．You must take part in many activities.
B．You can be trained how to be a good nurse.
C．You may have a chance to meet some teachers.
D．You may receive a welcome pack from other students.
【解题导语】本文是一封信，是关于一所大学写给一名即将要入学的学生的一封信，在信中主要介绍了训练课程的要求、安排和重点事项等情况。

长难句分析：Training for all students is compulsory and starts on Monday,6 February—all the details including what to expect are below.(第一段第二句) 译文：所有学生都必须参加从二月六日星期一开始的这些训练——你想知道的所有细节如下。

词汇积累：compulsory adj.强制的，义务的
highlight v．强调appropriate adj.合适的staff n．员工
1．C 细节理解题。

根据“Key points to highlight：”部分第三段“There is no face to face learning on 8,17,23 or 24 Feb ruary.These days are set aside for self­directed learning activities in your workbook.”可知，在2月8日、17日、23日和24日，这所大学没有统一安排学生学习，在这几天学生可以自习。

故选C。

2．B 细节理解题。

On Tuesday, 7 February, you will be in the Nursing Clinical Laboratory and will need to wear the correct footwear.(Key points to highlight：
部分第二段第一句)
译文：在2月7日星期二那天，你将到临床护理实验室并需要穿合适的鞋。

解题思路：根据关键句可知，学生们去临床护理实验室时需要穿上合适的鞋。

故选B。

3．D 细节理解题。

It is compulsory that you attend all sessions and pass the OSCE(clinical examination in week 3)in order to complete the curriculum.(Key points to highlight：部分第四段)
译文：要完成这门课程，你必须参加所有的训练课并通过客观结构化临床考试(在第三周进行的临床考试)。

解题思路：根据关键句可知，学生要完成这门课程，必须通过客观结构化临床考试。

故选D。

4．C 细节理解题。

根据Department of Science, Medicine & Health Training部分中的“Thursday, 23 February”和“It is an opportunity to meet other students studying Nursing as well as staff...”可知，在2月23日那天的训练中，学生们有机会见到这所大学的一些老师。

故选C。

二、单句语法填空
1．She adapted herself quickly ________ the climate there.
答案：to adapt ... to ... “使……适应……”。

2．After the meeting, the manager asked him to explain his ________ (absent)．答案：absence absence “缺席；不在”；absent “不在的；缺席的”。

由空前的his可知应填名词absence。

3．Is there any sound more ________ (annoy) than the whine of a mosquito?
答案：annoying annoying “恼人的；烦人的；使人不高兴的”，常用来描述事物的特性；annoyed “感到恼火的；觉得生气的”，常描述人的心理状态。

此处指声音的特点“令人心烦”可知应填annoying。

4．I'd like to congratulate you ________ your wonderful performance.
答案：on congratulate sb. on sth. “就……向某人表示祝贺”。

5．The survey ________ (conduct) by the company shows there is a large increase in customer satisfaction this year.
答案：conducted conduct与主语survey 之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词conducted 充当其后置定语。

6．All the rooms in this building are so well designed that they are ________ (access) to the disabled.
答案：accessible be accessible to “……可接近/可靠近/可使用的”。

7．The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if ________ (adapt) for television, would be a hit.
答案：adapted adapt “适应；改编”。

所给动词与其逻辑主语story之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。

8．My grandfather often goes to the countryside, because he thinks a stay there will be ________ (benefit) to his health.
答案：beneficial be beneficial to ... “对……有益”。

9．Without his ________ (encourage) to me, I would have been defeated in the game.
答案：encouragement 此处用名词encouragement “鼓励”作介词without的宾语。

10．________ (ambitious) plays an important role in our daily life, because it is a guide for us to make decisions and choices.
答案：Ambition 句中缺主语，故应填名词ambition充当主语。

且作“雄心，野心”讲时，为不可数名词。

三、完形填空。

(2018·河北衡水中学高三下学期模拟考试)
It impressed me a lot.I never thought that little help will __1__ out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done.He was tired，and __2__ to climb further.With a broad __3__，he asked if I could help him with some money.He was paralyzed(瘫痪) in both legs and was __4__ funds for some operation.He said that if operated successfully，he could __5__ a training guaranteeing him a job.I was full of __6__ and even asked him to show his legs.I gave him the __7__ money.After a few days，he again came at my doorstep asking for more money for accommodation.This time I was more or less __8__ he was not cheating me.I gave him some and said，“This is all I have.”
A year went by and I had moved to a(n) __9__ place.One fine day I got a call from an unknown number.Caller called out his name but I didn't __10__ him.Then he said he was the very paralyzed person I helped a year ago.
I asked him how he was doing.He said，“What sir, y ou recognize me not by my name but by my __11__ state.”
“With your kind help I am now able to __12__ on my legs without support.I was operated __13__.I am married to a beautiful lady and have a stable __14__.”
I don't __15__ remember if I gave him my phone number.__16__，what he said next
was touching.He said he wanted to return my money so that I didn't feel cheated and would continue to help people __17__ in the future.I don't know whether he read my facial expression the day I helped him but tears were __18__ down my face.That day I promised him I would continue to help people as I saw a(n) __19__—small or big.__20__ a life­changed event of my life.
1．A.send B．break
C．bring D．turn
2．A.struggling B．substituting
C．playing D．walking
3．A.look B．smile
C．view D．whisper
4．A.finding B．raising
C．seeking D．earning
5．A.pretend B．intend
C．attend D．tend
6．A.interests B．minds
C．worries D．doubts
7．A.remaining B．left
C．hiding D．forgotten
8．rmed B．prepared
C．convinced D．outspoken
9．A.new B．old
C．systematic D．bad
10．A.remind B．recognize
C．replace D．repeat
11．A.excited B．messed
C．disabled D．stressed
12．A.live B．base
C．focus D．stand
13．A.successfully B．surprisingly
C．hopefully D．naturally
14．A.reason B．promise
C．character D．job
15．A.also B．even
C．already D．only
16．A.Therefore B．Otherwise
C．However D．Meanwhile
17．A.in need B．in place
C．in favor D．in advance
18．A.bringing B．putting
C．running D．pulling
19．A.behavior B．case
C．accident D．opportunity
20．A.Strangely B．Truly
C．Generally D．Originally
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

作者一次无意间的帮助改变了一位瘫痪者的一生。

这件事也改变了作者的人生，让他决定继续帮助那些有困难的人。

1．D 考查动词短语辨析。

此处指作者从未想过一个小小的帮助最后竟成为他曾做过的最令自己满意的一件事。

四个选项都能与out组成固定短语。

turn out意为“结果是，最后成为”，符合语境。

send out意为“发出”；break out意为“爆发”；bring out意为“生产，出版”，均与语境不符。

故答案选D。

2．A 考查动词辨析。

根据下文中的“paralyzed (瘫痪)”可知，他瘫痪了，所以此处应指他努力往前爬。

A项意为“努力，挣扎”，符合语境。

B项意为“替换”；C项意为“玩”；D项意为“走”，均与语境不符。

故答案选A。

3．B 考查名词辨析。

根据前面的“broad”可知，此处应指他咧嘴微笑着。

B项意为“微笑”，符合语境。

A项意为“表情”；C项意为“观点”；D项意为“耳语”，均与语境不符。

故答案选B。

4．B 考查动词辨析。

根据上句中的“help him with some money”可知，此处应指他在筹集手术资金。

B项意为“筹集”，符合语境。

A项意为“找到”；C项意为“寻找”；D 项意为“挣得”，均与语境不符。

故答案选B。

5．C 考查动词辨析。

根据语境可知，此处应指如果手术成功了，他就能参加能让他得到一份工作的培训。

C项意为“参加”，符合语境。

A项意为“假装”；B项意为“打算”；D项意为“往往会”，均与语境不符。

故答案选C。

6．D 考查名词辨析。

根据本句中的“even asked him to show his legs”可知，作者要求看看他的腿，所以对他所说的话应该是充满了怀疑。

D项意为“怀疑”，符合语境。

A项意为“兴趣”；B项意为“思想”；C项意为“担心”，均与语境不符。

故答案选D。

7．A 考查形容词辨析。

此处指作者把手上剩余的钱都给了他。

A项意为“剩余的”，符合语境。

B项意为“剩下的”，不作前置定语；C项意为“隐藏的”；D项意为“被遗忘
的”，均与语境不符。

故答案选A。

8．C 考查形容词辨析。

根据本句中的“he was not cheating me”和下句中的“gave him some”可知，作者给了他一些钱，有几分确信他并没有骗自己。

C项意为“确信的，信服的”，符合语境。

A项意为“见多识广的”；B项意为“准备好的”；D项意为“坦率的，直言不讳的”，均与语境不符。

故答案选C。

9．A 考查形容词辨析。

根据上文的“moved to”及下文作者接到一个陌生电话可知，作者搬到了一个新地方。

A项意为“新的”，符合语境。

B项意为“旧的”；C项意为“系统化的”；D项意为“坏的”，均与语境不符。

故答案选A。

10．B 考查动词辨析。

根据本句中的转折连词“but”及下文中的“you recognize me not by my name”可知，打电话的人报出了自己的名字，但作者并没有认出他来。

B项意为“认出”，符合语境。

A项意为“提醒”；C项意为“代替”；D项意为“重复”，均与语境不符。

故答案选B。

11．C 考查形容词辨析。

根据上文中的“Then he said he was the very paralyzed person”可知，作者不是通过他的名字而是通过他瘫痪的情况认出了他。

C项意为“残疾的”，符合语境。

A项意为“兴奋的”；B项意为“混乱的”；D项意为“有压力的”，均与语境不符。

故答案选C。

12．D 考查动词辨析。

根据本句中的“without support”可知，此处指他不需要支架就可以自己站起来。

D项意为“站立，站起来”，符合语境。

live意为“居住”；base意为“基于”；focus意为“关注”，均与语境不符。

故答案选D。

13．A 考查副词辨析。

根据上一句可知，他现在能够站起来，所以手术成功了。

A项意为“成功地”，符合语境。

B项意为“令人惊奇地”；C项意为“有希望地”；D项意为“自然地”，均与语境不符。

故答案选A。

14．D 考查名词辨析。

根据常识及上文中提到的“guaranteeing him a job”可推断出，他结婚了，还有了一份稳定的工作。

D项意为“工作”，符合语境。

A项意为“理由”；B项意为“允诺”；C项意为“性格”，均与语境不符。

故答案选D。

15．B 考查副词辨析。

根据语境及上文中的“A year went by”可知，此处指作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码。

B项意为“甚至”，符合语境。

故答案选B。

16．C 考查副词辨析。

根据上下文语境可知，作者甚至不记得是否给过他电话号码，但是他接下来说的话却令人感动。

C项意为“然而”，表示转折，符合语境。

A项意为“因此”；B项意为“否则”；D项意为“与此同时”，均与语境不符。

故答案选C。

17．A 考查短语辨析。

根据语境可知，这位曾经瘫痪的人想将钱还给作者，这样作者就不会感觉到自己被骗从而以后可以放心去帮助那些有困难的人。

A项意为“在危难中的”，符合语境。

B项意为“在适当的位置”；C项不是短语；D项意为“提前”，均与语境不符。

故答案选A。

18．C 考查动词辨析。

根据语境可知，此处是指眼泪流过作者的脸庞。

四个选项都能与down组成短语。

run down意为“往下流”，符合语境。

bring down意为“降低，打倒”；put down意为“镇压，记下”；pull down意为“拉下来，摧毁”，均与语境不符。

故答案选C。

19．D 考查名词辨析。

根据语境及本句中的“small or big”可知，此处表示只要有机会，无论大小，作者都会继续帮助他人。

D项意为“机会”，符合语境。

A项意为“行为”；B项意为“事例”；C项意为“事故”，均与语境不符。

故答案选D。

20．B 考查副词辨析。

根据全文内容以及第一段第一句可知，此处与第一句相呼应，指的是这的确是改变了作者一生的事情。

B项意为“确实，的确”，符合语境。

A项意为“奇怪地”；C项意为“大体上地”；D项意为“起初”，均与语境不符。

故答案选B。

四、单句改错
1．I was out of the breath after running 1,600 metres.
______________________________________________________
答案：去掉the out of breath “上气不接下气”。

2．You don't want to be made fun and neither do others.
______________________________________________________
答案：fun后加of make fun of “取笑”。

3．The scientist as well as his assistants were doing an experiment in the lab then.
______________________________________________________
答案：were→was当主语后面接由as well as构成的词组时，谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。

4．English is so difficult for him to learn.
______________________________________________________
答案：so→too too＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do ... “(对某人来说)太……而不能……”。

5．We offer our congratulation to you on your winning the prize.
______________________________________________________
答案：congratu lation→congratulations congratulation“祝贺”，常用复数形式。

五、七选五
(2018·潍坊市高考模拟考试)
Coming face­to­face with your inadequacies can be painful，to say the least.It challenges the way that you believe people see you and even makes you question yourself.__1__.But handling negative feedback properly will not only make you look
well­behaved，but it could eventually help you grow as a person.Here's how to do it.
Be objective about criticism(批评)
Before you jump to conclusions and begin to challenge the other person's opinion，take a step back and look at it allsidedly.__2__，don't immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you，but rather，take a moment to consider whether the criticism is at all accurate.__3__.
Be open to the idea of change
__4__.And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonance(认知失调)” that can prevent us from changing even when that's what we need most.“People have a view of themselves or the world that they only seek to confirm，not adjust or change，” Dr.Benn，a psychologist explains.“The y may ignore criticism because they wish to avoid having to change，or because it makes them feel bad，or because they feel it is not helpful.”
Ask questions
If you're open to using the criticism as a springboard to improvement, you will likely need more information.The initial moment you hear the criticism may not be the best time to ask for more details.Your emotions will be riding high，and you may not be particularly willing to accept extra information.__5__.“Engage with the person who criticized you，asking what you can do differently or how you can do better，” says Dr.Benn.Even if you don't agree with their advice，thank them and promise to consider it.
A．When you can't hear clearly
B．Most of us are pretty stubborn
C．Next time you get a bad review
D．But it's best to avoid getting into an argument
E．Your immediate reaction may be to defend yourself
F．Give yourself a chance to really take in the information and evaluate it G．However，when you feel ready，it could be worth revisiting the subject with the person who criticized you
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章从三个方面告诉我们，当面对质疑或者批评的时候，我们应该怎么做。

难句分析：Even if you don't agree with their advice, thank them and promise to consider it.(最后一段最后一句)
译文：即使你不同意他们的建议，但仍然要感谢他们并且承诺会考虑他们的建议。

词汇积累：inadequacy n．不足springboard n．基础，出发点to say the least 退一步说，至少可以这么说
1．E It challenges the way that you believe people see you and even makes you question yourself.(第一段第二句)
译文：这质疑了你认为别人看待你的方式，甚至会让你开始怀疑自己。

解题思路：根据关键句及语境可知，当别人质疑你的时候，你的第一反应肯定是要保护自己(defend yourself)。

故选E。

2．C 根据“Be objective about criticism(批评)”及空格后的“don't immediately allow your emotions to get the better of you, but rather...”可知，下次当你收到不好的评论时，不要立即让你的情感占了上风。

故选C。

3．F 根据上文可知，你要花时间去仔细想想这些批评是否都是正确的。

F项“给你自己一个机会去真正接收并评估这些信息”承接上文，符合语境。

故选F。

4．B And it may be because of a concept called “cognitive dissonan ce(认知失调)” that can prevent us from changing even when that's what we need most.(第三段第二句)
译文：这可能是由于一个叫做认知失调的观念阻止我们去改变甚至是当我们最需要改变事情的时候。

解题思路：根据关键句可知，B项“我们中的大多数人都相当固执”能够引起下文，符合语境。

故选B。

5．G 上文提到当你最初听到批评的声音，你的情绪会很激动，不太愿意接受更多的批评；下文提到你要尽力去理解批评你的人，问对方你还能做什么或怎么能做得更好。

由此可知，此处应用一个表转折的句子承上启下。

故选G。