2020届高考英语复习疯狂专练二 非谓语动词单句填空+语法填空

疯狂专练二
技巧点拨
非谓语动词单句填空+语法填空
当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，该动词就是非谓语动词。

此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。

如作主语或宾语，就用动名词(表一般意义)或不定式形式(表具体意义)；作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；作伴随状语或作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词或过去分词；有时也要根据句式搭配来确定，如see/hear/ notice sb.do/doing sth.,spend doing sth.等。

具体解题技巧如下：
第一步：若句中已有谓语，也不是作并列谓语时，应为非谓语动词。

第二步：根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求，或某些词语的特殊要求，确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。

如作目的状语一般用不定式形式，作主语或宾语用-ing形式或不定式，在enjoy,finish等动词后作宾语用-ing形式，在decide, refuse等动词后作宾语要用不定式形式等等。

第三步：确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。

第四步：根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定用一般式还是用完成式。

常考考点
主动被动
doing
having done
to do
to have done
小题狂练being done
have been done to be done
to have been done
1.【2019·全国II卷】A90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ______(be)Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working40 hours a week.
2.【2019·全国II卷】When we got a call______(say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke.
3.【2019·全国I卷】Scientists have responded by______ (note)that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements.
1.【2019·全国I卷改编】Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations are expensive______(perform)
consistently over a large area.
5. 【2019·浙江卷】When the children are walking or______(cycle)to school on dark mornings,car drivers can easily see them.
6. 【2019·浙江卷】But some students didn't want______(wear)the uniform.
7. 【2018·全国I I卷】The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice______(improve)water quality.
5.【2018·全国III卷】Once his message was delivered,he allowed me_______(stay)and watch.
5. 【2018·全国I卷】You may drink,smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of(die)early by running.
10.【2018·全国I卷】You don’t have to run fast or for long(see)the benefit.
11. But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term(rest).
12. Fast food is full of fat and salt;by(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
13. He went to the cinema,leaving me_________(do) all the rest of the work.
14. The old museum needs____________(repair)badly,and it is dangerous to visit it at present.
15. _________(travel)along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
16. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially_________(design)to help them succeed academically and personally.
17. The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly,not________(know)whether to believe what he had said.
18.Failing(turn)in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course.
19. It tells a(touch)story that highlights Chinese families.
20. Shoppers at the Costcutter store at Brunel University in London can pay for items(use)the special vein(静脉)pattern in their fingertips
直击考题
passage1
体裁说明文主题
汉字的起源和发展
字数
225字
建议用时
9分钟
At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.It dates back several thousand years to the use of
animal bones and shells on which symbols1(carve)by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.
By the Shang Dynasty,these symbols2(become)a well-developed writing system.Over the years,the
system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically,3(lead)to
many varieties of dialects characters.This,4,changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.
Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one5(unite)country where the Chinese writing
system began to develop in one direction.That writing system was6great importance in uniting the Chinese
people and culture. Even today,no matter where Chinese people live or7dialect they speak,they can all still communicate8(easy)in writing.
Written Chinese has also become an important means by9China’s present is connected with its past. People in modem times can read the classic10(work)which were written by Chinese in ancient times.The
high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,known as Chinese calligraphy,which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
passage2
体裁说明文主题
“中国的新四大发明”
字数
209字
建议用时
9分钟
【河南省南阳市一中2019-2020学年高三上学期第四次月考英语试题】
China has once again proved its___1___(able)to change the world with the“new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping.They’re related to China’s high-tech
innovation(创新),___2___has improved the quality of people’s lives, accor ding to a survey___3___ (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.
“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,”said
___4___university student,adding tha t“even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”.
The bikes___5___(them)are not new,but the operating model of bike-sharing___6___(base)on satellite navigation system,mobile payment,big data and other high technologies.
China has entered a new innovative era,thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in___7___ (encourage)innovation,said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China.
It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas.This is especially true in mobile,where China is leading___8___many ways such as…social messaging app WeChat,she said.This is partly
___9___China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile.China has a___10__(large)mobile use than any other country in the world.
passage3
体裁说明文主题
中国产品
字数
183字
建议用时
8分钟
【2019-2020学年山东师范大学附中高考模拟卷】
Chinese might be heard when you take a ride on the street. ___1___(turn)to the right,you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store,you see that Huawei smartphones are on sale.But you're not in China—you're in
Manchester in Britain.In fact,you might see similar things in many other cities.Chinese products have been going global.
In the past,most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap but not reliable.Things___2___(change)
greatly,though.For example,Huawei,___3___is one of China's major smartphone___4___(make),overtook Apple in worldwide smartphone sales for the first time in the third quarter of2018,only behind Samsung.
Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe,stores sell TCL televisions,Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.They're not___5___ (simple)made in China, ___6___designed in the country.
Western countries have been enjoying Chinese food for a long time.Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes___7___(meet)local people's tastes.
With its rapid___8___(grow),China has been displaying9increasingly great influence when fitting in___10___the world.
答案与解析
小题狂练
1.【答案】being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。

2.【答案】saying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。

3.【答案】noting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。

4.【答案】to perform
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。

5.【答案】cycling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。

or 连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。

故填cycling。

6.【答案】to wear
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。

want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。

故填to wear。

7.【答案】to improve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。

没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。

此处表示目的，故用不定式。

故填to improve。

8.【答案】to stay
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。

9.【答案】dying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。

此处of是介词，其后用动名词。

故填dying。

10.【答案】to see
【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。

你不必跑得太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。

此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。

11.【答案】resting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

固定短语：spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。

12.【答案】eating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：快餐含大量的脂肪盐；通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。

根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词。

13.【答案】to do
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：他去了电影院，留下我一人做剩下的所有工作。

leave sb.to do sth.留下某人去做某事。

14.【答案】repairing/to be repaired
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：这座博物馆急需修复，目前参观它很危险。

need doing=need to be done。

15.【答案】Traveling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。

“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词。

16.【答案】designed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

a course和design之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。

句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。

17.【答案】knowing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：小男孩疑惑地盯着这个陌生人，不知道自己是否该相信他说的话。

little boy 与know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语。

18.【答案】to turn
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：不按时交作业会直接影响到某一课程的成绩。

fail to do sth未能做某事。

19.【答案】touching
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：它讲述了一个感人的故事，突出了中国家庭。

修饰物作定语使用现在分词形式。

20.【答案】using
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：据英国《每日电讯报》报道，伦敦布鲁内尔大学（brunel university）Costcutter
store商店的顾客可以用指尖上的特殊纹路来购买商品。

此句谓语动词为pay for，此处用非谓语动词，use与逻辑主语shoppers是主动关系，用现在分词形式。

直击考题
passage1
【答案】
1．were carved 6．of 2．had become
7．what
3．leading
8．easily
4．however
9．which
5．united
10．works
【解析】
1.考查时态和语态。

句意：它可以追溯到几千年前使用的动物骨头和贝壳，古代中国人在上面雕刻符号。

描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，“符号”和“雕刻”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填were carved。

2.考查时态。

句意：到了商代，这些符号已经成为一种很发达的文字系统。

表示发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时，所以填had become。

3.考查非谓语动词。

“地理分割”和“导致”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填leading。

4.考查副词。

句意：然而，在秦始皇的统治下，这种情况发生了改变。

文中表示转折关系，所以填however。

5.考查形容词。

句意：秦始皇把七个主要国家统一为一个国家，中国的文字系统开始朝一个方向发展。

该空修饰名词country，用形容词，所以填united。

6.考查固定短语。

句意：这种文字系统对中国人民和中国文化的融合具有重要意义。

of great importance有重要意义，该短语是固定短语，所以填of。

7.考查宾语从句。

句意：即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么方言，他们都可以很容易地用书面交流。

文中表示“说什么方言”，所以填what。

8.考查副词。

修饰动词communicate，用副词，所以填easily。

9.考查定语从句。

句意：书面汉语也成为中国的现在与过去联系的重要手段。

by___9___China’s present is connected with its past是一个介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词means，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，所以填which。

10.考查名词。

句意：现代人可以读到中国古代的经典著作。

文中表示“中国古代的经典著作”，用名词，所以填works。

【答案】
1．ability2．which3．made4．a5．themselves
6．is based7．encouraging8．in9．because10．larger
【解析】
1.考查名词。

句意：中国通过“新四大发明”——高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车和网上购物——再次证明了自己改变世界的能力。

根据上文its为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填ability。

2.考查非限制性定语从句。

句意：据北京外国语大学“一带一路”研究院的一项调查显示，这与中国的高科技创新有关，科技创新提高了人们的生活质量。

本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词i nnovation，为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导。

3.考查非谓语动词。

本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故make只能做非谓语动词。

且和逻辑主语survey 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。

故填made。

4．考查冠词。

句意：“我的钱包不用了。

一名大学生说，他还补充说，“甚至卖煎饼的人也在使用移动支付。

”student 为可数名词，此处表示泛指一个学生，故填不定冠词a。

5.考查反身代词。

句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。

本句为反身代词做同位语，指复数名词the bikes，所以用themselves。

6.考查动词时态语态。

base和句子主语之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填i s based。

7.考查非谓语动词。

句意：世界卫生组织驻华代表Bernhard Schwartlander表示，由于中国在鼓励创新方面投入了大量资金，中国已进入一个新的创新时代。

介词in 后跟动名词作宾语，故填encouraging。

8.考查固定搭配。

句意：她说，在移动领域尤其如此，中国在很多方面都处于领先地位，比如社交通讯应用微信。

短语in many ways “在许多方面”介词用in。

故填in。

9.考查连接词。

句意：部分原因是中国跳过了PC时代，直接进入了移动领域。

本句为because引导的原因状。