2018高三英语外研版一轮课时训练：必修5-Module1 Brit

课时训练25Module 1
British and American English
一、单元扣点
Ⅰ.根据句意，用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
other in many aspects.
答案differ from
2．There are animals in the zoo, and children like to come here.
答案 a variety of
3．The good news that our football team has won quickly in our school.
答案got around
4．The passengers in the station to buy tickets.
答案queued up
5．What you make such a foolish mistake?
答案led; to
6．This invention hardly anything with that one.
答案has; in common
7．Please keep quiet. I'd like to about the holiday.
答案make an announcement
8．Our maths teacher Marry one of the best students in our class.
答案refer to; as
9．I'm very sorry to your trouble.
答案add to
10．Chairman Mao the young people the rising sun in the morning.
答案compare; to
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．父母或祖父母娇惯孩子是不明智的。

It's not wise for parents or grandparents
their children.
答案to make a fun of
2．他毫不费力地解出了那道物理题。

He worked out the physics problem
.
答案with no difficulty
3．我的新毛衣和你昨天买的那件相似。

My new sweater the one you bought yesterday.
答案is similar to
4．他的粗心导致了这起事故。

His carelessness the accident.
答案led to
5．和很多其他科学家一样，阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦除科学探索工作
外，还喜爱音乐。

many other scientists, Albert Einstein enjoyed music besides scientific research work.
答案In common with
二、阅读理解
(2014·陕西卷)
Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how lifestyle and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers conclude that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their lifestyle. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers' markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don't Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent lifestyle
changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.
本文大意是说明美国康奈尔大学的专家研究表明美国人和法国人的饮食习惯对各自的体重的影响。

1．In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola?
A. They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.
B. They squeeze eating between the other daily activities.
C. They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyle.
D. They usually eat too much canned and frozen food.
答案 C
解析根据第二自然段的首句可知，法国人认为吃饭是他们日常生活的重要组成部分，故选C。

2．This text is mainly about the relationship between .
A. Americans and the French
B. lifestyle and obesity
C. children and adults
D. fast food and overweight
答案 B
解析根据主题段——第一自然段的大意可知，本文主要是说明生活习惯与肥胖之间的关系，故选B。

3．This text is mainly developed .
A. by contrast
B. by space
C. by process
D. by classification
答案 A
解析通读本文可知作者是通过美国和法国人的饮食习惯的对比来说明饮食习惯与肥胖的关系，故本题选A。

4．Where does this text probably come from?
A. A TV interview.
B. A food advertisement.
C. A health report.
D. A book review.
答案 C
解析本文大意是关系饮食习惯与肥胖的关系问题，由此可知文章应该选自于一项有关健康问题的报告，故选C。

三、完形填空
(2015·兰州诊断)
Don't complain in the NBA
The NBA has a new rule this season. It's called “zero tolerance”. NBA 1 are not letting players complain too long or too loudly about a referee's call. A player who 2 can be given a technical foul(犯规). Two technical fouls, and the player is 3 .
The players don't like the new rule and want the NBA to change it. They think it's only 4 to get angry during a 5 ，hard-fought game if a call 6 you.
But I like the “zero tolerance” rule and wish other sports would 7 the NBA's example. Wouldn't it be 8 if football, soccer and tennis players 9 the calls and just played the game?
The biggest reason I like the new rule is 10 it sets a good example to younger players. When kids see stars such as Rasheed Wallace of the Detroit Pistons 11 the referees and arguing every call, they think it's part of the game. 12 shouting at referees and arguing calls should 13 be part of any kid's
games. Kids should be taught to forget about the referees' calls and pay attention to improving their skills and play their best.
All players need to learn that you 14 only one thing in a game, and that's your own 15 . You can't control what the other players or trainers do. And you 16 can't control the calls the referees make.
Finally, everyone from NBA all-stars to 8-year-olds should remember that being a basketball referee is a hard job. The referee has to make dozens of 17 calls. No hesitation. No 18 chances. 19 the best referee gets every call right.
20 if the players, trainers and fans who shout at the referees had to wear a whistle and call a few games, there wouldn't be as many complaints about the “zero tolerance” rule.
1．A. fans B. all-stars
C. officials
D. players
2．A. do B. does
C. are
D. is
3．A. out of game B.out of charge
C. out of order
D. out of date
4．A. strange B. natural
C. essential
D. accidental
5．A. near B.favorable
C. competitive
D. close
6．A. goes in for B. goes all out for
C. goes against
D. goes through
7．A. follow B. make
C. set
D. show
8．A. less annoying B.less tiresome
C. more challenging
D. more enjoyable
9．A. stopped to argue B.stopped arguing
C. kept complaining
D. kept on complaining
10．A. because B. why
C. that
D. whether
11．A. shout at B. shout out
C. shouting at
D. shouting out
12．A. And B. So
C. But
D. However
13．A. still B. never
C. ever
D. even
14．A. hold B. possess
C. have
D. control
15．A. performance plaints
C. ambition
D. destination
16．A. evidently B. certainly
C. eventually
D. narrowly
17．A. considerate B.sudden
C. sharp
D. casual
18．A. first B. scheduled
C. immediate
D. second
19．A. Not even B. No even
C. Never before
D. No before
20．A. Of course B.In relief
C. Maybe
D. Anyway
答案与解析
本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了NBA比赛的新规定，即：“零
容忍”，并论述了作者对此规定的观点和看法。

1．C句意为：NBA的官员不允许球员对裁判的评判抱怨太久或太大声。

A项意为“粉丝”；B项意为“全明星”；C项意为“官员”；D项意为“运动员，选手”。

根据上文“The NBA has a new rule this season”提示可推知，制定规则的应该是NBA的官员。

故选C。

2．B句意为：如果一个球员这样做了，那么就会给他记技术犯规一次。

who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词“a player”，根据主谓一致原则，此处应用谓语的单数形式，且此处do 代指上文提到的“complain too long or too loudly about a referee's call”这一行为。

故选B。

3．A句意为：如果两次技术犯规，那么这个球员就会被罚出场。

A项意为“出局”；B项意为“不被控制”；C项意为“紊乱”；D项意为“落伍”。

根据上文“Two technical fouls“并结合篮球比赛规则可知，两次技术犯规，该球员就会被罚出场。

故选A。

4．B句意为：球员们认为如果在一场势均力敌、很难打的比赛中，裁判的判决对你不公的话，生气是自然的事情。

A项意为“奇怪的”；B项意为“自然的”；C项意为“必要的”；D项意为“偶然的，意外的”。

根据下文“hard-fought game”可推知，在一场激战正酣且很难打的比赛中，如果裁判判决不公，球员们情绪激动是很自然的事情。

故选B。

5．D A项意为“附近的”；B项意为“令人满意的，有利的”；C项意为“竞争的”；D项意为“亲密的，亲近的，实力相差无几的，势均力敌的”。

根据下文“hard-fought game”可推知，此处与“hard-fought”并列，故用close。

故选D。

6．C A项意为“从事，参加，喜欢”；B项意为“全力以赴”；
C项意为“违背，不适用”；D项意为“经历”。

根据上文“get angry”可推知，有可能在比赛中裁判的判定对你不公，所以你才会生气。

故选C。

7．A句意为：但是我喜欢“零容忍”这项规定，而且希望其他体育赛事也能效仿NBA的做法。

A项意为“跟随，听从”；B项意为“制造，使”；C项意为“设置”；D项意为“展示”。

根据上文“But I like the ‘zero tolerance’ r ule”可知，作者赞同NBA官员制定的这项规定。

希望这项规定能够被推广，其他体育活动也能效仿。

固定搭配：follow one's example意为“向……学习，效仿”，符合语境。

故选A。

8．D句意为：如果足球、网球运动员在比赛时只是打球而停止对裁判判决的争论，岂不是一件更加令人愉悦的事？A项意为“不太令人恼火的”；B项意为“不太令人厌倦的”；C项意为“更具有挑战性的”；D项意为“更令人享受的”。

根据上文“But I like the ‘zero tolerance' rule”可知，作者赞同NBA官员的做法，即：不赞同争论，那么比赛纯粹就是比赛，就会更加简单而令人愉悦。

故选D。

9．B A项意为“停下来争论”；B项意为“停止争论”；C项意为“不停地抱怨”；D项意为“继续抱怨”。

根据下文“and just played the game”可知，运动员只有纯粹地比赛，即停止对裁判判决的争论。

故选B。

10．C句意为：我喜欢这个规定的最大原因就是它给年轻的运动员树立了一个好榜样。

the reason... is that...为固定搭配，意为“……的原因是……”，that引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，只起到连接两个句子的作用，符合语境。

故选C。

11．C句意为：当孩子们看到像来自于Detroit Pistons的球星
Rasheed Wallace在比赛中朝着裁判大喊大叫，为每一个判球而争论，他们就会认为这是比赛的一部分。

shout at意为“朝……喊”；shout out意为“喊出”。

根据“and”提示可知，此处用非谓语动词形式，与“arguing”并列，且与下文“shouting at referees”相呼应。

故选C。

12．C句意为：但是，朝着裁判大喊大叫，对判球进行争论绝不应该是孩子们运动的一部分。

A项意为“而且”，B项意为“因此”；C项意为“但是”；D项意为“然而”。

根据下文“Kids should be taught to forget about the referees' calls and pay attention to improving their skills and play their best.”可知，作者并不赞同争论成为孩子们的比赛的一部分，由此可知，此处上下句之间是逻辑上的转折关系。

故选C。

13．B A项意为“仍旧”；B项意为“决不，从不”；C项意为“曾经”；D项意为“甚至”。

与下文“Kids should be taught to forget about the referees' calls and pay attention to improving their skills and play their best.”形成对比可知，孩子们应该专注于他们技能的提高，而非如何去跟裁判争论，所以此处表示否定的概念。

故选B。

14．D句意为：所有的运动员都要明白在一场比赛中，你仅仅能控制一件事，那就是你自己的表现。

A项意为“抓住”；B项意为“拥有”；C项意为“有，使”；D项意为“控制”。

根据下文“You can't control what the other players or trainers do.”中的“control”提示以及本句的语境可知，此处表示“控制”。

故选D。

15．A A项意为“表演，表现”；B项意为“抱怨”；C项意为“野心，志向，抱负”；D项意为“目的地”。

根据语境可知，球员唯一能够控制的自然是自己在赛场上的表现，其他因素都是不可控制的。

故选A。

16．B句意为：而且你肯定不能控制裁判的判决。

A项意为“明
显地”；B项意为“肯定地，一定，当然”；C项意为“最终地”；D项意为“勉强地，严格地”。

根据本句中的“And”可知，此处与上文“You can't control what the other players or trainers do.”形成逻辑上的递进关系，表示“绝对地”概念。

故选B。

17．B句意为：裁判不得不做出很多即时性的判定。

A项意为“体贴的，考虑周到的”；B项意为“突然的”，C项意为“尖的，锋利的”；D项意为“随意的”。

根据下文“No hesitation.”提示可知，裁判要果断地做出裁定。

故选B。

18．D句意为：没有第二次修改的机会。

A项意为“第一的，首先的”；B项意为“计划的”；C项意为“立刻的，马上的”；D 项意为“其次的，第二次的”。

赛场上裁判的裁定一旦做出是不可能有第二次机会来改变或者修改的，即一次性的。

故选D。

19．A句意为：即使是最佳的裁判也不敢保证每次裁定都是正确的。

A项意为“即使……也不”；D项意为“以前从没有”。

根据上文“Finally, everyone from NBA all-stars to 8-year-olds should remember that being a basketball referee is a hard job.”可知，此处表示逻辑上的让步关系。

故选A。

20．C句意为：或许如果对裁判喊的那些运动员或者粉丝们也拿个口哨当一回裁判试试，他们就会对“零容忍”的规定没有那么多的抱怨了。

A项意为“当然”；B项意为“松了口气，鲜明地，显著地”；C项意为“或许”；D项意为“无论如何，不管怎么样”。

根据“wouldn't”提示可知，此处表示一种可能性，语气不是很强烈。

故选C。