高考一轮-外研选修七Module4~6模块核心考点归纳拓展

Module 4 Music Born in America
arise vi.(由……)引起(产生)；出现；起身；起床
[教材原句]
From a region of seven million people has arisen some of the greatest pop music in the world.
在一个人口700万的地区产生了一些世界上最棒的流行音乐。

[辨析比较]
arise, arouse, rise, raise
decline n．& v．衰退；下降；减少；谢绝，婉拒
[教材原句]
Secondly, people were bored with the pop music of the day —disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid-1970s.
其次，人们厌倦了当时的流行音乐——20世纪70年代中期迪斯科和
摇滚乐都在走下坡路。

[归纳拓展]
(1)be in decline处于下降/衰退中
on the decline 在衰退；在没落中；在消减
(2)decline to do sth. 谢绝/拒绝做某事
[名师指津]
表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by，后面常跟百分数；表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to，后面常跟具体数字。

devote v．为……付出时间/努力/金钱等
[教材原句]
The fans are devoted to their stars.
歌迷们对他们的明星很专一。

[归纳拓展]
(1)devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.
把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于/投入到(做)某事中
devote oneself to (doing) sth.献身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的；专心的
be devoted to (doing) sth.专心于/奉献于(做)某事
(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
far from离……远；一点也不，远非，完全不
[教材原句]
It's far from being a part-time job. 这远不是一份业余的工作。

far from ＋⎩⎨
⎧
n .
being
＋adj .
远远不是……；一点也不……
far from doing sth. 决不会做某事 far from it 完全相反；远非如此
harmony n ．融洽，一致；协调 [教材原句]
But Cantopop expresses only harmony and virtue, and Hong Kong is blessed with the most conventional music scene in the world.
但是粤语流行音乐表达的只有和谐与美德，香港有幸拥有世界上最传统的音乐圈子。

[归纳拓展]
(1)in harmony with ... 与……协调 out of harmony with ... 与……不协调/不一致 live in harmony 和睦相处，和谐共处 (2)harmonious adj. 和谐的，和睦的；协调的
it doesn't matter (to sb.)＋从句 [教材原句]
My message is that it doesn't matter if you're black, white, fat, thin, old
and young ...
我想告诉大家的是，不管你是黑人还是白人，肥胖还是瘦小，年长还是年幼，这些都不重要…… [归纳拓展]
it doesn't matter (to sb.)＋从句，意为“……(对某人来说)没有关系/不要紧”。

(1)It matters much/a lot/a great deal ＋从句 ……非常重要 It doesn't matter.
(口语)没关系。

What matters is ... 要紧的是…… (2)a matter of ... ……的问题 as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上 What's the matter? (口语)怎么了？ to make matters worse 更糟糕的是
rather than 而不是 [高考佳句]
Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
面对你的问题而不逃避是解决问题的最好方法。

[归纳拓展]
⎭
⎬⎫
1would do sth. rather than do sth. would rather do sth. than do sth. prefer to do sth.rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而
不愿做某事
(2)or rather更确切地说
other than 除……之外
more than 很，非常，超过，不仅仅是
[名师指津]
rather than连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

Module 5 Ethnic Culture
adjust v．适应，使适应；调整；调节
[经典例句]
It took time to adjust myself to motherhood.
我过了一段时间才适应做母亲的角色。

[归纳拓展]
(1)adjust to (doing) sth.适应于(做)某事
adjust oneself to ... 使自己适应/适应于……
adjust ... to ... 调整……以适应……
(2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment to ... 对……进行调整
don't ...ever ...so ...表示最高级
[经典例句]
The sky is clear blue and I don't think I've ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life.
这里的天空碧蓝如洗，我想我一生中从未见过这么美的景色。

[归纳拓展]
英语中其他可表示最高级意义的结构：
(1)完成时＋never ＋⎩⎪⎨⎪
⎧
so ＋adj ./adv .so ＋adj .＋a/an ＋可数名词单数
such ＋a/an ＋adj .＋可数名词单数
(2)比较级＋than ＋⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧
any other ＋单数名词
all the other ＋复数名词
any of the other ＋复数名词
anyone else
(3)否定词＋比较级(＋than ...)，通常译为“没有比……更……；没有
像……一样……”
(4)never/not ＋enough/to o ...“再……也不过分；越……越……”
fasten v ．系牢，缚紧 [经典例句]
Ladies and Gentlemen, the airplane is about to take off. Please fasten your seatbelt.
女士们，先生们，飞机就要起飞了，请系好安全带。

[归纳拓展]
fasten sth. to sth. 把某物系/固定/贴在另一物上
fasten up拴紧；钉牢；关紧
fasten one's eyes on注视着；盯着
fasten one's attention on集中注意力于
furnish v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具；提供，供应
[教材原句]
The tent was furnished with a few mats on the floor, and a low table with a teapot.
帐篷的地板上铺着几块地垫，一张矮桌上放着一把茶壶。

[归纳拓展]
(1)furnish sb./sth. with sth.用……装备……；向……提供/供应
be furnished with ... 备有……，安装有……
(2)furniture n．家具(集合用法，为不可数名词)
a piece/an article of furniture 一件家具
a set of furniture 一套家具
(3)furnished adj. (房屋、房间等)配备家具的
[联想发散]
与furnish ... with ...同义的短语有：
equip ...with ..., fit up ... with ...等。

in use在使用
[教材原句]
The Naxi language is the only hieroglyphic language still in use and is over 1,000 years old.
纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字，已有一千多年的历史了。

[归纳拓展]
(1)come into use/go out of use开始使用/不再被使用(表动作)
be in/out of use 在使用/不再使用(表状态)
make (full/good/the best) use of(充分)利用
put ...to use 加以使用
It's no use doing ... 做……无用
(2)use up 用完
minority n．少数民族；极少数
[高考佳句]
So, it may be only a minority of young people who play classical instruments ...
所以，也许只有少部分年轻人演奏古典乐器……
[归纳拓展]
(1)a/the minority of少数的
be in the/a minority占少数
(2)majority n. 多数，多半
be in the/a majority 占多数
a/the majority of ……的大多数
[名师指津]
the/a majority of＋名词，表示“大多数”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；
the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。

run v．控制；管理，经营；跑；开动(机器等)，运转；延伸；褪色[教材原句]
For example, it is the women who run Naxi society, and until recently, Naxi women inherited all property.
例如，管理纳西族社会的是妇女，而且近来还是由纳西族的妇女来继承全部财产。

[归纳拓展]
run after追赶；追逐；追求
run across 偶然遇见
run into 遇到；撞上
run away from 逃离；从……逃出
run out (of) 花光，用完；耗尽
set off出发，动身；使开始做；燃放(烟火、鞭炮等)；衬托；使……开动；引起；引爆
[教材原句]
George and I looked at each other, then set off after her.
乔治和我互相看了看，就跟着她动身了。

[归纳拓展]
set back阻碍；耽搁；延缓
set up建立，创立，创办；安排某事
set out启程，动身；阐述，描述
Module 6 The World's Cultural Heritage
advocate v．主张，拥护n.提倡者，拥护者
[教材原句]
If TCM is accepted on the UNESCO list, doctors and practitioners would advocate both its advantages and its legal status abroad.
如果中医获准列入联合国教科文组织名单之列，医生及相关从业人员会拥护它的优势以及在国外的合法地位。

[归纳拓展]
(1)advocate (doing) sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
advocate that ... 主张……[从句谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形] (2)be an advocate of/for……的提倡者/拥护者
apart from 除……之外；除了……之外(还有)……；远离
[高考佳句]
Apart from enjoying the folk art works, visiting this paper-cutting exhibition also makes us learn a lot.
除了欣赏这些民间艺术作品，访问剪纸展也让我们学到很多东西。

[归纳拓展]
take ...apart将……拆卸开，拆分
tell ...apart分辨出，辨别
[名师指津]
apart from 意为“除此之外(表示除……以外别无)”时，相当于except/except for；
当意为“除了……之外(还有)……”时，相当于besides/in addition to。

be＋of＋n.结构
[教材原句]
They are a precious part of our cultural heritage —it is_of_vital_importance that we do something.
它们是我们文化遗产中极其宝贵的部分——因此我们采取行动就显得尤其重要。

[归纳拓展]
(1)在“be of＋抽象名词”结构中，常用的抽象名词有：use, importance, significance, help, value, benefit等，相当于该名词对应的形容词。

这些名词前还可以用一些形容词(如great, little, some, any, much等)或no 来修饰，以说明其程度。

(2)be of ＋名词，还可用来说明句子主语在度量、大小、颜色、类别等方面的特征。

这类名词有colour, age, size, height, weight, shape, type, kind, mind等。

在这类名词前常用different, all, the same, this, that, “a(n)＋形容词”等来修饰或说明。

contribute v．促成，有助于；捐助；贡献；投稿
[教材原句]
Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed to the problem.
附近水泥厂产生的污染对此也难逃其咎。

[归纳拓展]
(1)contribute to有助于；促成；为……做贡献contribute ...to/towards ...向……捐赠；向……投稿
(2)contribution n.贡献；捐献；捐助
make a contribution/contributions to/towards ...为……做贡献
[名师指津]
contribute to和make a contribution/contributions to中的to都为介词，后要接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

ignore v．忽视；不理；不管
[经典例句]
The phone rang, but she ignored it.
电话铃响了，但她却不管它。

[归纳拓展]
(1)ignorant adj.不了解的，无知的
be ignorant of 不知道……
(2)ignorance n. 无知
in ignorance of ... 对……不知道
preserve v．保护；保存n.(动植物)保护区；禁猎地
[经典例句]
The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. 成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝。

[归纳拓展]
(1)preserve ...from ...保护……免于……
(2)preservation n. 保护，保存，贮藏；维护
preserver n. 保护者；保护物
(3)preservative adj. 保存的，有保存力的；防腐的
recommend v．建议；推荐
[教材原句]
They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.
该组织提议关闭这个遗址并进行维修。

[归纳拓展]
⎭
⎬⎫1recommend sb./sth. to sb. recommend sb. sb./sth. 向某人推荐某人/某物 recommend sb. as/to be 推荐某人为……
(2)recommend sb. to do sth. 建议/劝某人做某事
recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
recommend that ... (should) do ...建议……(应该)做……
It is/was recommended that ...(should) do ...有人建议……(应该)做……
(3)recommendation n. 建议；推荐
[联想发散]
后接宾语从句，从句中谓语动词用“(should ＋)动词原形”的常见动词有：
remains n ．遗迹；遗体；剩余物
[经典例句]
They were tidying up the remains of their picnic.
他们正在收拾野餐后剩下的东西。

[归纳拓展]
(1) the remains of ... ……的遗迹
(2) remain ＋⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 形容词/名词/分词 仍然是……介词短语 仍然……
to be done 有待于被做
(3)remaining adj. 剩余的
[名师指津] 当表示“剩余的，剩下的”意思时，常把remaining 放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left 常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。

remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起……
[经典例句]
That song always reminds me of our first date.
那首歌总使我回忆起我们的第一次约会。

[归纳拓展]
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……
[联想发散]
其他“v.＋sb.of sth.”结构的短语还有
①inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
②rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
③accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事
④warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
⑤cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人某病
⑥convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
undertake (undertook, undertaken) v．许诺做某事；同意做某事；承担，从事
[教材原句]
UNESCO undertakes to take sites off the World Heritage list if their present state is threatened by an absence of protection.
联合国教科文组织承诺，如果遗址的当前状况因缺乏保护而受到威胁的话，它将把这些遗址从世界遗产名单上除名。

[归纳拓展]
undertake to do sth.承诺或保证做某事
undertake that ... 承诺……，保证……
undertake sth. 承担某事。