Introduction to Instructional Design

What is Instructional Technology (II)?
Types of technology
High-tech hardware
Computers, DVD players, audio players, television…etc
Instructional media
Desiring to explore, discover, and create unique solutions to learning problems
Viewing the teacher as a resource, model, and helper who will encourage exploration and attempts to find unique solutions to problems
What is instructional technology? (I)
Instructional technology has been defined as “applying scientific knowledge about human learning to the practical tasks of teaching and learning”(Heinich, Molenda, & Russell, 1993, p. 16)
and sequences Constructivism Attentive to learners’ needs and learning styles
Introduction to Instructional Design
WEEK #2
Agenda for today
Morning
Book club sharing (first half) Instructional design (ppt) & game
Afternoon
Book club sharing (second half) Project demonstration and critique Group discussion
What is instruction?
Instruction is “the deliberate arrangement of learning conditions to promote the attainment of some intended goal” (Driscoll, 1994, p. 332)
Example: An architect’s task (Reigeluth, 1983)
ID and Teachers
Participating at times as one who may not know it all but desires to learn
Being viewed as a support, collaborator, and coach for students
ID and Learners
Actively searching for needed information and learning experiences, determining what is needed, and seeking ways to attain it
Participating at times as the expert/knowledge provider
Textbooks, overhead projectors and transparencies, audio tapes
Process technologies (less tangible tools)
Strategies, methods, techniques Simulation, stories, role-play, case method, Socratic method, problem-solving, demonstration, instructional game)
Individualized materials
Individualized instruction
Permits learners to progress at their own rate No instructor involved Places reliance on carefully prepared instructional materials
What is instructional design? (I)
Designing instruction is the process of translating principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials and activities (Smith & Ragan, p.2)
Actively coaching students to develop and pose their own questions and explore their own alternative ways of finding answers
Actively encouraging individuals to use their personal knowledge and skills to create unique solutions to problems
Book and Room to Read
Leaving Microsoft to Change the World (一個創業家 的意外人生)
Room to Read
Founder, John Wood tw.youtube/watch?v=qbcNuaatFRA tw.youtube/watch?v=ramg96JhTZA