专题09：完型填空(20题)-2022年全国高考英语最新模拟题分类汇编(解析版)

2022全国高考英语最新模拟题分类汇编（3月）
专题09:完型填空（20题）
一、完形填空01
（2022·河南信阳·二模）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A famous scientist was being interviewed. The newspaper reporter asked him what ___1___ him from others so far. He responded that it was all ___2___ an experience that occurred in his childhood.
He had been trying to ___3___ a bottle of milk which was in the refrigerator when the bottle ___4___ and fell, making the milk all over the kitchen floor. ___5___ the scene, his mother did not yell at him, give him a ___6___ , or punish him, but she said, “The ___7___ has already been done. Would you like to play in the milk before we ___8___ ?”
Indeed, he did. After this ___9___ , he was told that whenever he made a mess like this,
___10___ he had to clean it up and restore everything to its usual ___11___ . Then, she offered him several things to___12___ . He decided to use the sponge to clean the milk. His mother then did an experiment asking him to carry a big bottle with two ___13___ hands. The little boy learned that if he ___14___ the bottle — with both hands — at the top near the ___15___, he could carry it without breaking it. What a wonderful lesson!
The scientist then ___16___ that it was at that moment that he knew making mistakes is not terrible. ___17___ , all of the mistakes we have made are just ___18___ for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific ___19___ are all about. Even if we fail, we usually learn something ___20___ from them.
1．A．spared B．distinguished C．freed D．rescued 2．A．up to B．according to C．as to D．due to 3．A．touch B．check C．fetch D．replace 4．A．slipped B．broke C．trembled D．opened 5．A．Setting B．Witnessing C．Entering D．Ignoring 6．A．hand B．suggestion C．help D．lecture 7．A．damage B．compensation C．wrong D．deed 8．A．start B．adjust C．sweep D．participate 9．A．accident B．pleasure C．adventure D．discussion 10．A．hesitantly B．willingly C．immediately D．eventually 11．A．state B．shape C．post D．level 12．A．pick up B．choose from C．take out D．put aside
13．A．thin B．weak C．bare D．tiny 14．A．brought B．removed C．grasped D．pushed 15．A．body B．bottom C．lip D．handle 16．A．quarreled B．proved C．repeated D．recalled 17．A．However B．Instead C．Besides D．Therefore 18．A．experiences B．platforms C．opportunities D．alternatives 19．A．experiments B．approaches C．lessons D．examples 20．A．valuable B．unforgettable C．attractive D．unique
【答案】1-5 BDCAB
6-10 DACBD
11-15 ABDCC
16-20 DBCAA
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了科学家回忆童年一次打翻了牛奶，母亲没有责备或惩罚他，科学家也从这次经历中认识到犯错误并不可怕，相反，我们所犯的所有错误都是学习新知识的机会，毕竟，这就是科学实验的意义所在。

即使我们失败了，我们通常也会从中学到一些有价值的东西。

1．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：报社记者问他到目前为止与别人有什么不同。

A. spared饶恕；
B. distinguished区别；
C. freed解放；
D. rescued营救。

根据后文“him from others”可知，此处指问他到目前为止与别人有什么不同。

故选B。

2．考查介词短语辨析。

句意：他回答说，这都是因为他童年时的一次经历。

A. up to取决于；
B. according to根据；
C. as to至于；
D. due to因为。

根据后文“an experience that occurred in his childhood”可知，童年一次经历是他如今这么优秀的原因。

故选D。

3．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：他想去拿冰箱里的一瓶牛奶，结果瓶子滑了，牛奶溅了厨房一地。

A. touch触碰；B. check检查；C. fetch取来；D. replace取代。

根据后文“a bottle of milk which was in the refrigerator”，此处指取牛奶，应用fetch。

故选C。

4．考查动词词义辨析。

根据后文“making the milk all over the kitchen floor”可知，牛奶瓶滑了，牛奶溅了厨房一地。

故选A。

5．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：看到这一幕，他的母亲没有对他大吼大叫，也没有教训他，也没有惩罚他，但她说，“破坏已经造成了。

在我们扫地之前，你想不想在牛奶里玩一玩？”A. Setting设置；B. Witnessing目击；C. Entering进入；D. Ignoring忽视。

根据后文“the scene”可知，此处指母亲看到了这一场景。

故选B。

6．
考查名词词义辨析。

根据后文“or punish him”可知，科学家把牛奶洒了，母亲没有教训他，短语give sb. a lecture“教训某人”。

故选D。

7．考查名词词义辨析。

呼应上文“making the milk all over the kitchen floor”指牛奶洒了，破坏已经造成了。

故选A。

8．考查动词词义辨析。

A. start开始；B. adjust调整；C. sweep打扫；D. participate参加。

根据上文“Would you like to play in the milk before we”可知，母亲问他要不要在打扫之前，在牛奶里玩。

故选C。

9．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：在这愉快的经历之后，他被告知，每当他弄得像这样一团糟时，他最终必须把它清理干净，并把所有东西恢复到原来的状态。

A. accident事故；B. pleasure 快乐；C. adventure冒险；D. discussion讨论。

结合上文可知，科学家把牛奶洒了，母亲没有责备他，还让他在牛奶里玩，这是一次愉快的经历。

故选B。

10．考查副词词义辨析。

A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. willingly愿意地；C. immediately立即；D. eventually终于。

根据后文“he had to clean it up”可知，最终要把弄乱的地方清理干净。

故选D。

11．考查名词词义辨析。

A. state状态；B. shape形状；C. post帖子；D. level水平。

根据上文“restore everything to its usual”可知，此处指恢复原状。

故选A。

12．考查动词短语辨析。

句意：然后，她给了他几样东西供他选择。

A. pick up捡起；B. choose from选择；C. take out取出；D. put aside放在一边。

根据上文“she offered him several things to”可知，母亲提供了几样清理工具供他选择。

故选B。

13．考查形容词词义辨析。

根据后文“The little boy”可知科学家当时还是个小孩子，所以是小手。

故选D。

14．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：小男孩发现只要用双手抓住瓶子顶部靠近瓶口的地方，瓶子就不会被打破。

A. brought带来；B. removed去除；C. grasped抓住；D. pushed推。

根据后文“the bottle”可知，此处指抓住瓶子，故选C。

15．考查名词词义辨析。

A. body身体；B. bottom底部；C. lip瓶口；D. handle处理。

结合上文“at the top near the”可知，此处指抓住顶部靠近瓶口的地方，故选C。

16．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：科学家接着回忆说，就在那一刻，他知道犯错误并不可怕。

A. quarreled争吵；
B. proved证明；
C. repeated重复；
D. recalled记起。

根据后文“it was at that moment that he knew making mistakes is not terrible”可知，这件事是科学家的回忆，就在那一刻，他知道犯错误并不可怕。

故选D。

17．考查副词词义辨析。

结合语境，错误并不都是糟糕的，相反，可以从错误中学习，instead 符合语境。

故选B。

18．考查名词词义辨析。

根据后文“for learning something new”可知，错误也是学习新知识的机会。

故选C。

19．考查名词词义辨析。

A. experiments实验；B. approaches方法；C. lessons课程；D. examples 例子。

结合上文“what scientific”以及科学家的身份可知，此处指科学实验。

故选A。

20．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：即使我们失败了，我们通常也会从中学到一些有价值的东西。

A. valuable宝贵的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. unique独特的。

根据上文“for learning something new”可知，此处指从失败中学到一些有价值的东西。

故选A。

二、完形填空02
（2022·陕西·略阳县天津高级中学二模）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

For four days and three nights, a dog trapped on a large block of ice in the cold waters of the Detroit River between the US and Canada tried very hard to stay alive. ___21___ the situation was desperate, the dog held out a miracle—and ___22___ got one.
The dog was first ___23___ by a wildlife photographer taking photos on the Michigan bank of the river. Soon, people on both sides of the border ___24___ to find a way to save the dog.
After trying numerous resources, it seemed no one could ___25___ , but determined
___26___ refused to give up. “We had to ___27___ for him,” Patricia Trevino of the River Rouge Animal Shelter（RRAS）said. “It was a level of ___28___ I'd never felt, because this was a（n）___29___ ; it was out there in front of us. We could all ___30___ it.”
That's when Jude Mead and his son, who own a marine construction company in Windsor,
___31___ the lifesaving operation. ___32___ in an airboat（汽船）, the pair were able to sail their airboat across the ice and save the dog.
After having spent such a long period in low temperatures, the dog was in very ___33___ condition. Then he was taken to ___34___ . After successful ___35___ and recovery, the
___36___ dog was renamed “Miracle" and put up for ___37___ .
There were many people who want to adopt Miracle. When the man who'd saved him from the ice stepped forward to adopt him, the shelter staff ___38___ that nothing could feel more right than ___39___ them.
“The story was spreading quickly. In the end the little dog was placed into the hands of the
___40___ who saved his life,” Friends of the RRAS announced.
21．A．Unless B．Until C．Even though D．In case 22．A．eventually B．frequently C．occasionally D．previously 23．A．pulled B．spotted C．raised D．caught 24．A．declined B．hesitated C．pretended D．struggled 25．A．survive B．explain C．help D．march 26．A．doctors B．rescuers C．nurses D．skaters 27．A．fight B．send C．apologize D．compete 28．A．regret B．doubt C．frustration D．relief 29．A．mistake B．excuse C．joke D．life 30．A．lead B．see C．touch D．feed
31．A．got rid of B．heard of C．took charge of D．lost control of
32．A．Setting off B．Turning around C．looking back D．Dropping out
33．A．unique B．poor C．Ideal D．dirty 34．A．home B．church C．school D．hospital 35．A．adjustment B．development C．treatment D．movement 36．A．lucky B．sleepy C．careful D．intelligent 37．A．purchase B．display C．competition D．adoption 38．A．agreed B．complained C．whispered D．reported 39．A．reviewing B．reuniting C．refreshing
D．representing
40．A．explorer B．buyer C．official D．hero
【答案】21-25 CABDC
26-30 BACDB
31-35 CABDC
36-40 ADABD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一只狗被困在美国和加拿大之间底特律河冰冷的水中的一块大冰块上，最终被Jude Mead和他儿子成功地驾驶汽艇穿越冰面，救出了这只狗。

21．考查连词词义辨析。

句意：尽管情况非常危急，但这只狗还是创造了一个奇迹——并最终实现了奇迹。

A. Unless除非；B. Until直到；C. Even though尽管；D. In case万一。

由“the dog held out a miracle”可知，尽管情况非常危急，但这只狗还是创造了一个奇迹，故选C。

22．考查副词词义辨析。

根据语境可知，“got one”是最终的结果，空格处意为“最后”，故选A。

23．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：这只狗最初是被一名野生动物摄影师发现的，当时他正在密歇根河岸拍照。

A. pulled拉；B. spotted发现；C. raised举起；D. caught抓住。

由后文的“find a way to save the dog”可知，狗是被发现，所以人们想办法救这只狗，故选B。

24．考查动词词义辨析。

由后文的“After trying numerous resources”可知，人们是努力寻找拯救这只狗的方法，故选D。

25．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在尝试了许多资源后，似乎没有人能帮助，但坚定的救援人员拒绝放弃。

A. survive幸存；B. explain解释；C. help帮助；D. march行进。

由后文的“but determined ______ refused to give up”可知，人们尝试了许多资源后，似乎没有人能帮助，但是他们也拒绝放弃，故选C。

26．考查名词词义辨析。

由上文的“save the dog”可知，此处是说救援狗的人拒绝放弃，故选B。

27．考查动词词义辨析。

由上文的“refused to give up”可知，救援人员拒绝放弃，因此此处是说“我们必须为它而战”，空格处是“战斗”，故选A。

28．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：这是一种我从未感受过的挫败感，因为这就是生活。

A. regret 后悔；B. doubt怀疑；C. frustration挫折；D. relief减轻。

由上文的“it seemed no one could ____”可知，没有办法救那条狗，所以对救援人员来说这是有挫败感的事情，故选C。

29．考查名词词义辨析。

由后文的“it was out there in front of us”可知，句子是说这就是我们面前所存在的，这就是生活，故选D。

30．考查动词词义辨析。

A. lead带领；B. see看见；C. touch触摸；D. feed喂养。

由前面的“it was out there in front of us”可知，因为就在我们面前，所以我们都能看到，故选B。

31．考查动词短语辨析。

句意：那时，裘德·米德(Jude Mead)和他的儿子，在温莎拥有一家海洋建筑公司，负责拯救生命的行动。

A. got rid of去除；B. heard of听说；C. took charge of 负责；D. lost control of失去控制。

由后文的“the lifesaving operation”可知，他是负责拯救生命的行动，故选C。

32．考查动词短语辨析。

句意：两人乘坐汽艇出发，成功地驾驶汽艇穿越冰面，救出了这只狗。

A. Setting off出发；B. Turning around转身；C. Looking back回顾；D. Dropping out退学。

由后文的“sail their airboat across the ice and save the dog”可知，这两个人是乘坐汽艇出发，故选A。

33．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：在低温下呆了这么长时间后，这只狗很虚弱。

A. unique 独特的；B. poor虚弱的；C. ideal理想的；D. dirty脏的。

由上文的“having spent such a long period in low temperatures”及常识可知，在低温下呆了这么长时间后，狗的身体很虚弱，故选B。

34．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：然后他被送往医院。

A. home家；B. church教堂；C. school 学校；D. hospital医院。

由上文的“the dog was in very _____ condition”可知，狗很虚弱，因此被送到医院，故选D。

35．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：经过成功的治疗和康复后，这只幸运的狗狗被重新命名为“奇迹”，并被收养。

A. adjustment调整；B. development发展；C. treatment治疗；D. movement 运动。

由后文的“and recovery”可知，是经过治疗后才康复，故选C。

36．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：经过成功的治疗和康复后，这只幸运的狗狗被重新命名为“奇迹”，并被收养。

A. lucky幸运的；B. sleepy困倦的；C. careful仔细的；D. intelligent聪明的。

由上文的“After successful ______ and recovery”可知，狗康复了，它是幸运的，故选A。

37．考查名词词义辨析。

由后文的“who want to adopt Miracle”可知，这只狗是等待被收养，故选D。

38．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：当那个把他从冰天雪地里救出来的人走上前来收养他时，收容所的工作人员一致认为，没有什么比让他们重聚更合适的了。

A. agreed同意；B. complained
抱怨；C. whispered低语；D. reported报道。

由上文的“When the man who'd saved him from the ice stepped forward to adopt him”可知，救了狗的人来收养狗，收容所的工作人员一致认为，没有什么比让他们重聚更合适的了，因此空格处是“同意”，故选A。

39．考查动词词义辨析。

由上文的“the man who'd saved him from the ice stepped forward to adopt him”可知，救了狗的人来收养狗，这是这只狗和这个人的重逢，故选B。

40．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：最后，这只小狗被送到了救了它一命的英雄手中。

A. explorer 探险者；B. buyer买家；C. official官方；D. hero英雄。

由后文的“who saved his life”可知，救了这只狗的人是英雄，故选D。

三、完形填空03
（2021·四川·凉山彝族自治州教育科学研究所一模）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In recent weeks, customers have been queuing at Donut City, starting at 4:30 am. to buy dozens of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Customers say the doughnuts are ____41____. But the taste is not the ____42____ why they have been waiting ____43____ to buy them.
It started a few weeks ago when customers started noticing that something was ____44____. Every day for the past 28 years, the friendly husband-and-wife ____45____ of Donut City — Stella and John Chhan — have stood behind the ____46____ selling doughnuts. But then one day, Stella wasn’t there.
When ____47____, John, 62, told them Stella had fallen ill and was ____48____ in a nursing home. He would visit his wife once all the doughnuts were ____49____.
Dawn Caviola, a _____50_____ of Donut City, thought if enough people would buy a dozen doughnuts every morning, John could close early and go to _____51_____ his wife.
After Caviola _____52_____ the idea on the neighborhood message board, neighbors and fans _____53_____ in a positive way. They started _____54_____ in the dark, ordering dozens of doughnuts.
Jenee Rogers saw a local news story about the _____55_____ to help the Chhans, which included trying to set up a GoFundMe page to raise money to help the Chhans, but they
_____56_____ the offer. Rogers said she and all of her friends started to spread the _____57_____ to go to the shop early and buy doughnuts.
_____58_____ in a phone interview, John expressed how thankful he was to his
_____59_____ customers.
“I _____60_____ it,” he said. “I just can’t say enough thank you and thank you.”41．A．cheap B．delicious C．smelly D．juicy 42．A．element B．excuse C．reason D．factor 43．A．in line B．in exchange C．in panic D．in return 44．A．common B．funny C．awkward D．wrong
45．A．customers B．neighbors C．owners D．waiters 46．A．counter B．table C．window D．door 47．A．commanded B．enquired C．tested D．judged 48．A．working B．volunteering C．recovering D．visiting 49．A．taken out B．checked out C．given out D．sold out 50．A．worker B．fan C．citizen D．reporter 51．A．accompany B．praise C．inspire D．recognize 52．A．declared B．remarked C．posted D．updated 53．A．called B．donated C．doubted D．responded 54．A．turning up B．putting up C．taking up D．making up 55．A．courage B．effort C．ability D．game 56．A．sacrificed B．advocated C．postponed D．declined 57．A．word B．thought C．view D．action 58．A．Somehow B．Later C．Therefore D．Besides 59．A．honest B．generous C．considerate D．polite 60．A．regret B．make C．deserve D．appreciate
【答案】41-45 BCADC
46-50 ABCDB
51-55 ACDAB
56-60 DABCD
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了一个温情故事。

卖甜品的斯特拉生病了，她的丈夫约翰·陈每天卖完甜甜圈就去疗养院陪她，为此他们的顾客每天很早就来排队买甜甜圈，希望约翰·陈能早点收店去陪伴斯特拉。

以此告诉我们人间只有真情在。

41．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：顾客说甜甜圈很好吃。

A. cheap便宜的；B. delicious美味的；C. smelly有臭味的；D. juicy多汁的。

根据上文“In recent weeks, customers have been queuing at Donut City, starting at 4:30 am. to buy dozens of doughnuts”可推知，这些甜甜圈是美味的。

故选B。

42．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：但味道并不是他们排队购买的原因。

A. element元素；B. excuse 借口；C. reason原因；D. factor音素。

根据“why they have been waiting 3to buy them.”可知，这里指顾客排队购买的原因。

故选C。

43．考查介词短语词义辨析。

A.in line排成一行；B. in exchange作为交流；C. in panic恐慌地；D. in return作为回报。

根据上文“In recent weeks, customers have been queuing at Donut City, starting at 4:30 am. to buy dozens of doughnuts (甜甜圈).”可知，此处指的是顾客排队等候购买。

故选A。

44．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：从几周前开始，顾客开始注意到有什么不对劲。

A. common 普通的；B. funny可笑的；C. awkward笨拙的；D. wrong错误的。

根据“But then one day, Stella wasn’t there.”可知，几周前顾客发现有点不对劲。

故选D。

45．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：在过去的28年里，甜甜圈之城的老板斯特拉·陈和约翰·陈这对友好的夫妻每天都站在柜台后面卖甜甜圈。

A. customers顾客；B. neighbors邻居；C. owners主人；所有者；D. waiters服务员。

此处指的是甜甜圈之城的拥有者是斯特拉·陈和约翰·陈这对夫妇。

故选C。

46．考查名词词义辨析。

A. counter柜台；B. table桌子；C. window窗户；D. door门。

根据“selling doughnuts.”可知，这对夫妇之前一直站在柜台后面卖着甜甜圈。

故选A。

47．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：当他们问起时，62岁的约翰告诉他们斯特拉生病了，正在疗养院休养。

A. commanded要求；B. enquired询问；C. tested测试；D. judged判断。

根据“John, 62, told them Stella had fallen ill and was in a nursing home.”可知，这里指顾客询问约翰。

故选B。

48．考查动词词义辨析。

根据“John, 62, told them Stella had fallen ill”和“a nursing home”可知，约翰·陈告诉顾客斯特拉病了，然后在疗养院恢复。

故选C。

49．考查动词短语词义辨析。

A. taken out拿出；B. checked out核查；C. given out分发；D. sold out卖光。

根据“John could close early and go to his wife.”可知，一旦所有的甜甜圈卖出去后，约翰就去看望他的妻子，故选D。

50．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：唐恩·卡维奥拉是甜甜圈城的粉丝，他认为，如果每天早上有足够多的人买一打甜甜圈，约翰就可以早早打烊，陪妻子去了。

A. worker工人；B. fan
粉丝；C. citizen市民；D. reporter记者。

根据“neighbors and fans in a positive way.”可知，唐恩·卡维奥拉是甜甜圈之城的一个粉丝。

故选B。

51．考查动词词义辨析。

根据“close early and go to_______his wife”和常识可知，约翰·陈就能早点收店去陪伴他的妻子，故选A。

52．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：卡维奥拉在社区留言板上发布了这个想法后，邻居和粉丝们都做出了积极的回应。

A. declared宣布；B. remarked评论；C. posted张贴；发布；D. updated 更新。

根据“on the neighborhood message board,”可知，卡维奥拉把他的想法发布在邻里的信息栏。

故选C。

53．考查动词词义辨析。

根据“They started in the dark, ordering dozens of doughnuts.”可知，邻居和粉丝们都做出了积极的回应，支持卡维奥拉的想法。

故选D。

54．考查动词短语词义辨析。

句意：他们开始在黑暗中出现，点了几十个甜甜圈。

A. turning up出现；B. putting up张贴；C. taking up开始从事；D. making up弥补。

根据“ordering dozens of doughnuts.”可知，他们开始天没亮就出现了，去买甜甜圈。

故选A。

55．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：詹尼·罗杰斯看到了一则关于帮助陈夫妇的当地新闻报道，
其中包括试图建立一个GoFundMe页面，为帮助陈夫妇筹集资金，但他们拒绝了这一提议。

A. courage勇气；
B. effort努力；
C. ability能力；
D. game游戏。

根据“to help the Chhans,”可知，她看到了当地人帮助陈这家人所做出的努力。

故选B。

56．考查动词词义辨析。

A. sacrificed牺牲；B. advocated提倡；C. postponed推迟；D. declined 拒绝。

根据上文“a GoFundMe page to raise money to help the Chhans,”和转折连词but可推知，他们拒绝了。

故选D。

57．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：罗杰斯说，她和她所有的朋友开始传播早点去商店买甜甜圈的消息。

A. word消息；B. thought想法；C. view观点；D. action行动。

根据“to go to the shop early and buy doughnuts.”可知，此处指罗杰斯开始开始传播早点去商店买甜甜圈的消息。

故选A。

58．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：后来在电话采访中，约翰表达了他对那些体贴的顾客的感激之情。

A. Somehow不知怎么地；B. Later后来；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。

根据“John expressed how thankful he was to his customers.”可知，这里指在后来的电话采访中，约翰表达了感激之情。

故选B。

59．考查形容词词义辨析。

根据“John expressed how thankful he was”可知，约翰·陈表达了对他那些体贴的顾客的感谢。

故选C。

60．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：“我很感激，”他说。

“我说不出足够的感谢和感谢。

”A. regret 后悔，遗憾；B. make使得；C. deserve应得；D. appreciate感激。

根据“I just can’t say enough thank you and thank you.”可知，约翰·陈表达了对他那些体贴的顾客的感谢。

故选D。

四、完形填空04
（2022·贵州贵阳·一模）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Peru demanded compensation (赔偿金) Wednesday from Spanish energy giant Repsol over an oil spill (石油泄漏). It might be caused by sudden and big ____61____ from a volcanic eruption near Tonga in the South Pacific because volcanic eruption can cause waves.
Authorities ____62____ three beaches on Monday ____63____ 6,000 barrels (桶) of oil were spilled during the ____64____ of an oil-transporting ship at the Pampilla oil-processing factory
off the coast near Lima. The Repsol oil spill “is the worst ____65____ disaster in Lima in recent times, and has caused serious ____66____ to hundreds of ____67____ families. “Repsol must make an immediate ____68____ for their loss,” the authority said on Twitter. “This terrible situation has put plants and animals ____69____ in two protected areas,” it noted. Peruvian authorities found lots of dead sea animals _____70_____ in oil. The spill happened on Saturday at the oil-processing factory in the Lima region, _____71_____ a 3-kilometer stretch of beaches.
Officials of the factory _____72_____ described the spill as “limited” and said it was working with authorities to _____73_____ the beaches. “Controlling barriers that cover all of the
affected _____74_____ have been set up. And a team of _____75_____ in sea and land have been sent,” said the factory, which _____76_____ the spill on the waves caused by the volcanic eruption more than 10,000 kilometers away but not a bit on the mishandling of the workers who moved the oil barrels off the _____77_____.
The oil-processing factory could face a _____78_____ of up to $32.3 million, the
_____79_____ ministry of Peru said on Monday. And the prosecutors (公诉人) have opened an
_____80_____ into the company for environmental pollution.
61．A．fishes B．waves C．fires D．stones 62．A．closed B．discovered C．destroyed D．named 63．A．before B．unless C．until D．after 64．A．uploading B．repairing C．offloading D．supplying 65．A．agricultural B．snowy C．ecological D．nuclear 66．A．waste B．damage C．crime D．storm 67．A．fishing B．poor C．teaching D．rich 68．A．escape B．advertisement C．encouragement D．payment 69．A．in advance B．in air C．at risk D．at work 70．A．measuring B．decorated C．swimming D．covered 71．A．recovering B．affecting C．creating D．leaving 72．A．traditionally B．proudly C．originally D．honestly 73．A．clean up B．take up C．build up D．cut up 74．A．animals B．people C．plants D．zones 75．A．specialists B．students C．journalists D．stars 76．A．impressed B．spent C．blamed D．put 77．A．truck B．ship C．line D．store 78．A．failure B．fine C．prize D．fund 79．A．environment B．education C．finance D．defense 80．A．organization B．entrance C．account D．investigation 【答案】61-65 BADCC
66-70 BADCD
71-75 BCADA
76-80 CBBAD
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。

本文报道了利马近年来最严重的生态灾难“雷普索尔漏油事件”。

61．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：它可能是由南太平洋汤加附近的火山喷发产生的突然巨浪引起的，因为火山喷发会引起波浪。

A.fishes鱼；B.waves波浪；C.fires火；D.stones石头。

根据下文“…because volcanic eruption can cause waves(……因为火山喷发会引起波浪)”可推知，
漏油事件可能是由南太平洋汤加附近的火山喷发产生的突然而巨大的波浪（waves）引起的。

故选B项。

62．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：在利马附近海岸附近的潘皮拉石油加工厂，一艘输油船在卸货过程中溢出6000桶石油之后，当局于周一关闭了三个海滩。

A.closed关闭；B.discovered 发现；C.destroyed摧毁；d命名的。

根据上/下文“…6,000 barrels (桶) of oil were spilled…”可知，6000桶石油溢出到海水，推知当局关闭（closed）了三个海滩，以便于下一步清理海滩。

故选A项。

63．考查连词词义辨析。

句根据上文“Authorities three beaches on Monday…”可知，当局于周一关闭了三个海滩，结合语境，关闭海滩应该在漏油事情发生之后（after）。

故选D项。

64．考查动名词词义辨析。

句意：在利马附近海岸附近的潘皮拉石油加工厂，一艘输油船在卸货过程中溢出6000桶石油，当局于周一关闭了三个海滩。

A.uploading上传；B.repairing 修复；C.offloading卸载，减轻；D.supplying供应。

通过下文“…which the spill on the waves caused by the volcanic eruption more than 10,000 kilometers away but not a bit on the mishandling of the workers who moved the oil barrels off the .”可知，该工厂把漏油事件一点也不归咎于将油桶从船上移下的工人的不当操作，推知此处指，该工厂工人在卸载（offloading）油桶的时候，发生了漏油事件。

故选C项。

65．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：“雷普索尔漏油事件”是利马近年来最严重的生态灾难，给数百个渔民家庭造成了严重损失。

A.agricultural农业的；B.snowy下雪的；C.ecological生态的；D.nuclear原子能的。

根据下文“Peruvian authorities found lots of dead sea animals
in oil.”可知，秘鲁当局在石油中发现了大量死海动物，因此，漏油事件对当地海洋生物的生存造成严重威胁，这是严重的生态（ecological）灾难。

故选C项。

66．考查名词词义辨析。

根据下文“Peruvian authorities found lots of dead sea animals
in oil.”可知，秘鲁当局在石油中发现了大量死海动物，因此，漏油事件给当地某些渔民家庭造成了严重损失（damage），故选B项。

67．考查动词词义辨析。

根据下文“Peruvian authorities found lots of dead sea animals
in oil.”可知，秘鲁当局在石油中发现了大量死海动物，推知，此次漏油事件造成当地渔民（fishing families）损失。

故选A项。

68．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：“雷普索尔必须立即赔偿他们的损失”，当局在Twitter上说。

A.escape逃跑；
B.advertisement广告；
C.encouragement鼓舞；
D.payment赔偿。

根据上文“…and has caused serious to hundreds of families.”可知，漏油事件给数百个渔民家庭造成了严重损失，推知此处指雷普索尔必须“立即赔偿（make an immediate payment）”他们的损失，该空应该填名词payment。

故选D项。

69．考查短语辨析。

A.in advance提前；B.in air在空中；C.at risk处于危险中；D.at work工
作中。

根据下文“Peruvian authorities found lots of dead sea animals in oil.”可知，漏油造成了当地大量海洋动物死亡，推知附近保护区的动植物处于危险之中（at risk）。

故选C项。

70．考查非谓语动词辨析。

句意：秘鲁当局发现大量死的海洋动物被石油覆盖。

A.measuring 测量；B.decorated装饰；C.swimming游泳；D.covered覆盖。

根据上文“The Repsol oil spill “is the worst disaster in Lima in recent times…”可知，雷普索尔漏油事件“是利马近年来
最严重的生态灾难，推知，漏油量非常大，造成大量海洋动物死亡并被漏油覆盖（covered）。

故选D项。

71．考查非谓语动词词义辨析。

句意：周六，泄漏发生在利马地区的石油加工厂，影响了3公里长的海滩。

A.recovering恢复；B.affecting影响；C.creating创建；D.leaving离开。

结合语境以及根据该句中“…a 3-kilometer stretch of beaches”可推知，漏油在该工厂发生后，势必会蔓延到海水里，影响了（affecting）3公里长的海滩。

故选B项。

72．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：该工厂的官员最初将泄漏描述为“有限的”，并表示正在与当局合作清理海滩。

A.traditionally传统上；B.proudly骄傲地；C.originally最初；D.honestly
诚实地。

根据下文“which the spill on the waves caused by the volcanic eruption more than 10,000 kilometers away but not a bit on the mishandling of the workers who moved the oil barrels off the .”可知，该工厂把漏油归咎于10000多公里外的火山喷发引起的海浪，但一点也不归咎于卸货的工人的不当操作，可见他们对此次漏油事件是推卸责任的态度，推知他们最初（originally）将泄漏描述为“有限的”。

故选C项。

73．考查短语辨析。

A.clean up清理；B.take up开始从事；C.build up建立；D.cut up切碎。

根据上文“The spill happened on Saturday at the oil-processing factory in the Lima region,
a 3-kilometer stretch of beaches.”可知，泄漏发生在利马地区的石油加工厂，影响了3公里长的海滩，推知此处指该工厂与当局合作清理（clean up）海滩。

故选A项。

74．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：工厂说：“已经建立了覆盖所有受影响区域的控制屏障。

A.animals动物；
B.people人；
C.plants植物；
D.zones区域。

根据上文“The spill happened on Saturday at the oil-processing factory in the Lima region, a 3-kilometer stretch of beaches.”以及“Controlling barriers that cover all of the affected”可知，泄漏影响了3公里长的
海滩，推知此处指在这些受漏油影响的海滩区域（zones）建立控制屏障，防止漏油继续扩散。

故选D项。

75．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：该工厂称，“已经派出了一个海陆专家小组。

”该工厂将漏油归咎于一万多公里外的火山爆发引起的海浪，但丝毫没有归咎于将油桶从船上移下的工人的不当操作。

A.specialists专家；B.students学生；C.journalists记者；D.stars星星。

根据上文“…it was working with authorities to the beaches.”可知，该工厂正在与当局合作清理海滩，推知此处指为清理海滩派出的专家（specialists）小组。

故选A项。

76．考查动词词义辨析。

根据上文“It might be caused by sudden and big from a。