2024学年河北省卓越联盟高三3月统一联合考试英语试题含解析

2024学年河北省卓越联盟高三3月统一联合考试英语试题
注意事项
1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．
2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．
3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．
4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．Paula waited until all the luggage was cleared, __________ hers never appeared.
A．or B．so C．as D．but
2．At the end of the historic area，Wilmington displayed its ________ as a working port city：large ware-houses and a few other dated office buildings．
A．achievement B．reputation
C．character D．standard
3．Face the problem bravely and you ______ a new way to success.
A．find B．found C．will find D．have found
4．---Let's walk to that village together.
---__________. How can we two girls do that in the dark
A．I agree with you. B．That's a good point.
C．Y ou must be joking！D．That's not your opinion！
5．.I didn’t ________ having to do the cooking myself, or I would have learnt one or two dishes from my mom. A．expect B．anticipate
C．forecast D．preview
6．The shocking news made me realize ______ terrible problems we would face.
A. that B．how C．what D．why
7．—Mum, is the pair of gloves ________ mine?
—Yes. You have to wear another pair.
A．washing B．have washed
C．being washed D．having washed
8．Don’t to spring-clean the whole house just because my mother is coming —there’s no need to do that. A．undertake B．attempt
C．bother D．hesitate
9．The people succeeded because they understood that you can’t let your failures _________ you ——you have to let your failures teach you.
A．define B．decline
C．qualify D．simplify
10．—Ken, ________, but your radio is going too loud.
—Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll turn it down right now.
A．I hate to say it B．It doesn’t hurt to ask
C．I’ m reall y tired of it D．I’m crazy about it
11．Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been _____ to its original appearance. A．restored B．delivered
C．transferred D．drafted
12．—Will it cost a lot to be an exchange student?
—________, but you can apply for scholarship and student loan.
A．I would imagine so B．Y ou’ve got me there
C．By all means D．I’m with you on that
13．—What about watching a ballet show this evening?
—Thanks for inviting me, but ballet isn’t really ______.
A．the apple of my eye B．my feet of clay
C．my cup of tea D．the salt of the earth
14．At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he the first black president of the United States of America. A．was to become B．becomes
C．is to become D．became
15．I had hardly rung the bell ________ the door was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me. A．before B．until
C．as D．since
16．The two brothers look so much alike that it is difficult to ______.
A．tell them from B．tell from them
C．tell apart them D．tell them apart
17．We completed one third of the project, and the loan _______ in place, we had to delay the rest till the next month. A．not arranged B．was not arranged
C．not arranging D．had not been arranged
18．We the top of the mountain but for this awful weather．It rained all day．
A．will reach B．would reach C．have reached D．would have reached
19．（2018·海淀二模）This view is common _________ all sections of the community.
A．across B．above
C．around D．along
20．The case shocked the public, a hot debate over human nature on the Intemet.
A．causes B．caused C．causing D．to cause
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）An autonomous vehicle designed for making local commerce deliveries was uncovered by Nuro. The vehicle is about the height of an SW but far narrower than a typical car. The electric car features four outside compartments（暗格）—two on each side -to hold separate deliveries. Each compartment can be tailored to a specific use, such as cooking a pizza or refrigerating a package.
“We can use self-driving technology to deliver anything, anytime, anywhere for basically all local goods and services,” Nuro co-founder Dave Ferguson said. “Consumers used to be okay with two-week paid shipping. It became two-week free delivery, followed by one week, two days, and the same day. Now same-day delivery isn’t fast enough for some customers.”
Nuro isn’t alone in building robots for local commerce deliveries. Earlier this month, Toyota, a Japanese car company, uncovered a concept vehicle that could be used for package delivery. A handful of startups—including Starship Technologies, Marble and Dispatch—are testing small robots for deliveries on sidewalks.
Nuro’s vehicle will likely face legal hurdles. Fully autonomous vehicles without a test dive r aren’t legal in California today, and many companies have shifted testing o states where regulators are more welcoming of autonomous vehicles, such as Arizona.
Nuro expects to face fewer challenges because it doesn’t carry passengers. Nuro’s narrow size may also be helpful when navigating streets and avoiding pedestrians. The vehicle isn’t equipped with any special features to communicate with pedestrians or other road users. Some companies have tested and patented solutions such as digital screens that
s ignal the car’s next move. Ferguson said his team conducted studies and found that such techniques could confuse people. Nuro believes it’s better to make sure the car performs predictably, so that human drivers know what to expect from it.
“We feel by creating this new technology that’s going to enable this last mile delivery, we’re going to be creating new markets and doing things that previously weren’t possible,” Ferguson said. “This is not swapping out jobs with robots. It’s creating new markets. There will definitely be new employment opportunities.”
1、What is the main characteristic of the Nuro’s self-driving vehicle?
A．It can cook delicious meals for customers.
B．It is a pioneer in the field of self-driving vehicles.
C．It is fur narrower and higher than other autonomous ones.
D．Its deliveries can be transported in the special compartment.
2、Which can best replace the underlined word “hurdles” in Paragraph 4?
A．breakthrough. B．dilemma.
C．restriction. D．protection.
3、Why is the Nuro’s vehicle not equipped with communicating features?
A．Its digital screens often break down.
B．People may be puzzled at the features.
C．The features have not been developed.
D．Its performance is usually hard to predict.
4、What can we infer about Ferguson’s opinion on thi s new technology?
A．Beneficial. B．Challenging.
C．Controversial. D．Ambiguous.
22．（8分）Leadership is the most significant word in today’s competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that “how things get done” influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker，coined the phrase “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things,” he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms.
When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty, loyalty, courage, patience, and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one5s attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to “put first things first，” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.
1、What does Peter Drucker’s phrase infer?
A．Leaders should be good at making right decisions.
B．Leaders should be good at doing things right.
C．Leaders should be good at ignoring the distinctions he associates with the terms.
D．Leaders should be skilled in predicting future.
2、Under what condition are people likely to succeed, in terms of what the personality ethic suggests?
A．When people have little determination, they will be successful.
B．When people have good behaviour, they will gain success.
C．If people have positive mental attitude, they are likely to succeed.
D．If people have negative mental attitude, they are certain to succeed.
3、How can leaders enjoy outstanding success in their work environments, according to Stephen Covey?
A．Firstly they have to think highly of themselves.
B．They are supposed to benefit themselves.
C．They cannot adjust themselves.
D．First personally they must manage themselves.
4、What is the meaning of the underlined word “vision”？
A．Bright future. B．Good beginning.
C．Good scenery. D．Pretty background.
5、To be good leaders, what must managers pay close attention to?
A．They must pay close attention to universal principles of effectiveness.
B．They must pay close attention to their own values, abilities and strengths.
C．They must pay close attention to modesty.
D．They must be concerned about courage and patience.
23．（8分）Most of us spend a lot of time trying to figure out what makes us. We search the Internet for personality quizzes. We think endlessly over the things we’ve said or done. We pick teams-shy or outgoing—and then make our decisions through the label we’ve chosen. Other people, though-that can be a little more of a puzzle. It’s not likely that you can get much insight (深入了解) from taking a personality quiz on someone else’s behalf. But new research suggests that all that self-reflection you’ve been doing may be helpful here—a team of psychologists found a close link between greater self-awareness and social intelligence. The team leader Bockler said, “To get inside other people’s heads, then it may be best to start wi th your own.”
Over the course of three months, Bockler and her colleagues collected data from 161 people between the ages of 20 and 50 as they experienced a “thoughtful training” designed to help them focus on their inner lives. The participants who improved most over course of the training were also the ones who showed the most growth in how easily they could infer another person, s mental state, a skill known as the theory of mind.
Bockler believes these results are especially important given our current state of affairs. “Many of the global challenges that we face today—taking in refugees (难民), overcoming between-group conflicts, or leading more
sustainable (可持续的) lives—require that we put ourselves in the shoes of others,” she said.
Still, we tend to seek inner consideration as a goal in itself, while underestimating (低估) the ways it can also help us connect more closely to others. Self-awareness isn’t limited to just us—it spreads out into our relationships, too. Taking all those personality quizzes when you’re bored on your computer may not be the most helpful in that regard (就这一点而言), but by trying to become more aware of your own thoughts, you can begin to shape yourself into someone more sympathetic (富有同情心的), more smart and better at understanding the world outside your head.
1、What is implied in the first paragraph?
A．A personality quiz turns out a puzzle.
B．People prefer to do personality quizzes.
C．There are few strategies to understand others.
D．Self-awareness has nothing to do with social intelligence.
2、What is the theory of mind according to the text?
A．A pattern of personal behaviors.
B．A sign of inner personalities.
C．A standard for the mental state.
D．A skill to understand others.
3、What Bockler said proved that the results are ’.
A．practical to deal with modem social problems
B．the solutions to the current global challenges
C．a basis for a world without any conflicts
D．the requirements for the sustainable lives of refugees
4、It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the appreciation of o thers ’.
A．isn’t a limit to self-awareness at all
B．goes hand in hand with self-understanding
C．is our way of being connected with others
D．makes us care more about our own thoughts
24．（8分）Cakan is a successful businessman from Montenegro, who has earned himself nicknames(昵称)like “the best boss” and “Brother” by being surprisingly generous to his employees.
Cakan, who owns "Cakan Sports", the largest sporting goods store chain in Montenegro, has been making news headlines for years, but not for his professional success. He is best known for the generosity he shows to his faithful and hard-working employees. The businessman firmly believes that his company can boom only if he keeps his employees
happy, and to that end, he has offered the best of them some pretty unbelievable presents.
Cakan first surprised his workers back in 2012, when he offered four of them brand new cars — 2 VW Golf 6 and 2 VW polo — complete with paid insurance. They were some of the oldest and most hard-working employees of Cakan Sports, and since the company had recently moved its operations outside the city, Cakan thought his best people shouldn't have to struggle to get to work. "When we saw them, we were speechless," Danijela, one of the receivers, remembers. "While the boss was sayi ng ‘his is a gift for you’, all I could think of was ‘this is not real, this can't be happening to us’.” But this was just one of the generous ways Cakan has rewarded his employees over the years. In 2014, after hearing that one of his workers had been saving up his paychecks so he could buy a ticket to the world Cup soccer final, in Brazil, he took him there himself, at his own expense.
Asked why he doesn't use cheaper means of motivating his employees, like a small raise or a cash bonus, Cakan had this to say, "Money comes and goes, but memories are forever." Asked why many of his employees call him "Brother", Cakan told a reporter that it was because "brothers always help each other".
1、What is Cakan best noted for?
A．His frequent headline news for years.
B．His great success in his business.
C．His extreme generosity to his employees.
D．His largest sporting goods store chain.
2、Why did Cakan offer his four best workers new cars?
A．To make them travel to work easily.
B．To reward their creative ideas in work.
C．To encourage them to get to work earlier.
D．To help them reduce traffic expenses.
3、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Smart Businessman.
B．A Considerate Employer.
C．Hardworking Employees.
D．Unbelievable Presents.
25．（10分）What Cocktail Parties Teach Us
You’re at a party. Music is playing. Glasses are clinking. Dozens of conversations are driving up the decibel (分贝) level. Yet among all those distractions, you can tune your attention to just one voice from many. This ability is what researchers call the “cocktail-party effect”.
Scientists at the University of California in San Francisco have found where that sound-editing process occurs in the brain — in the auditory cortex (听觉皮层) just behind the ear, not in areas of higher thought. The auditory cortex boosts some sounds and turns down others so that when the signal reaches the higher brain, “it’s as if only one person was speaking alone,” says investigator Edward Chang.
These findings, published in the journal Nature last week, explain why people aren’t very good at multitasking —our brains are wired for “selective attention” and can focus on only one thing at a time. That inborn ability has helped humans survive in a world buzzing with visual and auditory stimulation (刺激). But we keep trying to push the limits with multitasking, sometimes with tragic (悲剧的) consequences. Drivers talking on cellphones, for example, are four times as likely to get into traffic accidents as those who aren’t.
Many of those accidents are due to “inattentional blindness”, in which people can, in effect, turn a blind eye to things they aren’t focusing on. The more attention a task demands, the less attention we can pay to other things in our field of vision. Images land on our retinas (视网膜) and are either boosted or played down in the visual cortex before being passed to the brain, just as the auditory cortex filters sounds, as shown in the Nature study last week. “It’s a
push-pull relationship — the more we focus on one thing, the less we can focus on ot hers,” says Diane M. Beck,
an associate professor of psychology at the University of Illinois.
Studies over the past decade at the University of Utah show that drivers talking on hands-free cellphones are just as influenced as those on hands-held phones because it is the conversation, not the device, that is distracting their attention. Those talking on any kind of cellphone react more slowly and miss more traffic signals than other motorists.
Some people can train themselves to pay extra attention to things that are important — like police officers learn to scan crowds for faces and conductors can listen for individual instruments within the orchestra as a whole. Many more think they can effectively multitask, but are actually shifting their attention rapidly between two things and not getting the full effect of either, experts say.
1、What have scientists in University of California found about “the cocktail-party effect”?
A．Usually there is only one person who is speaking alone.
B．All kinds of annoying sounds drive up the decibel level.
C．The higher brain processes sounds and images selectively.
D．Sounds are sorted out before reaching the higher brain.
2、What do we learn from the passage?
A．We are biologically incapable of multitasking.
B．We survive distractions in life by multitasking.
C．We cannot multitask without extra attention.
D．We benefit from pushing the limit with multitasking.
3、Which of the following is an example of “inattentional blindness”?
A．A careless driver lost his eyesight after a car accident.
B．Police scanned the crowds and located the criminal.
C．A manager talked on a hands-free phone with his client.
D．A pedestrian had a car accident because of phubbing (低头).
4、The main purpose of the passage is to ______.
A．compare and contrast
B．inform and explain
C．argue and discuss
D．examine and evaluate
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
26．（30分）It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn't healed(痊愈)from a(n) 1 injury. I had 2 whether or not I should attend the meet. But there I was, 3 for the 3,000-meter run.
"Ready... set..." The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed 4 me. I felt 5 as I fell farther and farther behind.
"Hooray! "shouted the crowd. It was the loudest 6 I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps(圈)ahead of me when she crossed the finish line.
"Maybe I should 7 , "I thought as I moved on. 8 ,I decided to keep going. During the last two laps, I ran 9 and decided not to 10 in track next year. It wouldn't be worth it, 11 my foot did heal.
When I finished, I heard a cheer-- 12 than the one I'd heard earlier. I turned around and 13 ,the boys were preparing for their race. "They must be cheering for the boys."
I was leaving 14 several girls came up to me. "Wow, you've got courage! "one of them told me.
"Courage? I just 15 a race! "I thought.
"I would have given up on the first lap, "said another girl.
"We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?"
Suddenly I regained 16 . I decided to 17 track next year. I realized strength and courage aren't always 18 in medals and victories, but in the 19 we overcome(战胜). The strongest people are not always the people who win, 20 the people who don't give up when
they lose.
1、A．slighter B．worse C．earlier D．heavier
2、A．expected B．supposed C, imagined C．doubted
3、A．late B．eager C．ready D．thirsty
4、A．from behind B．ahead of C．next to D．close to
5、A．ashamed B．astonished C．excited D．frightened
6、A．cheer B．shout C．cry D．noise
7、A．slow down B．drop out C．go on D．speed up
8、A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Besides D．However
9、A．with delight B．with fear C．in pain D．in advance
10、A．play B．arrive C．race D．attend
11、A．even if B．only if C．unless D．until
12、A．weaker B．longer C．lower D．louder
13、A．well enough B．sure enough C．surprisingly enough D．strangely enough
14、A．while B．when C．as D．since
15、A．finished B．won C．passed D．lost
16、A．cheer B．hope C．interest D．experience
17、A．hold on B．turn to C．begin with D．stick with
18、A．measured B．praised C．tested D．increased
19、A．sadness B．struggles C．diseases. D．tiredness
20、A．or B．nor C．and D．but
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27．（15分）Ever wondered how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have 1．(big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers.
He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements 2．first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony 3．( take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners’ acceptance 4．(speech) are limited to 60 seconds, 5．(strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl.
The honored research might seem ridiculous 6．first sight, but that doesn’t mean it lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was important 7．(discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper 8．(publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more likely to read about 9．(break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, 10．is still good to encourage people to observe and think.
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，
每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I have two pets, Polly and Sally、They are green-and-blue parrot、Their home is a shady tree in the garden where they are freely to fly from branch to branch、There has a wooden box for them in a tree、This is their nest, where they sleep at night there and take shelter whenever it rain、Every morning, after clean their nest, I feed them with some seeds and give them a bowl water to drink、They are pretty and lively birds、This is really interesting watching their movements, because I never feel dull spending my time with them、
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29．（25分）现在越来越多的人成为低头族（People who can’t help checking their phones all day are known as phubbers. Phubbing trends to involve not only the young people, but also the elderly.)，如何引导低头族抬头？你们班举行了以“拒为低头族”为主题的班会。

假设你是学生李华，请为班会写一篇100词左右的发言稿。

要点如下：
1. 你周围有低头族吗？他们成为“低头族”的原因。

2. 成为“低头族”给学习和生活带来的影响。

3. 就如何“拒为低头族”提一些建议。

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参考答案
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1、D
2、C
4、C
5、B
6、C
7、C
8、C
9、A
10、A
11、A
12、A
13、C
14、A
15、A
16、D
17、A
18、D
19、A
20、C
第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、D
2、C
3、B
4、A
22、1、A
2、C
3、D
4、A
5、B
23、1、C
2、D
3、A
4、B
24、1、C
2、A
3、B
25、1、D
2、A
3、D
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
26、1、C
2、D
3、C
4、B
5、A
6、A
7、B
8、D
9、C
10、C
11、A
12、D
13、B
14、B
15、D
16、B
17、D
18、A
19、B
20、D
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27、1．bigger
2．that/ which
3．takes
4．speeches
5．strictly
6．at
7．to discover
8．was published
9．breaking
10．it
第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）
28、
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
29、Nowadays, we can see many people are watching their mobile phones in subway, restaurants, elevators, roads and so on. There is no denying that people who like the mobile phone are concerned about its attractive functions. Phubbers can’t stop sending messages, surfing the Internet, listening to music and even taking phot os by using the mobile phone. Moreover, some people have less time to relax themselves. They make use of the time when they are on the way to school or other places to play mobile games.
However, phubbing disturbs not only our study but also our life. On the one hand, phubbers waste lots of time playing cell phone games and sending messages, particularly in class. Other people also complain they are disturbed when phones ring in classrooms. On the other hand, it can lead to health problems. For instance, using a mobile phone on the sofa can cause back and neck pain.
As far as I am concerned, it is high time that we threw away the phone and raised our heads up. Do cherish everything around us and appreciate the scenery ahead of us. What’s more, we should do m ore exercises and take part in real-life activities. In a word, only when we use the phone reasonably, can we realize the happiness of life.。