2005年考研英语完形填空真题解析

2005年考研英语完形填空真题解析The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1this is largely because,2animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells-we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house, but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1. [A] although[B] as[C] but[D] while2. [A] above[B] unlike[C] excluding[D] besides3. [A] limited[B] committed[C] dedicated[D] confined4. [A] catching[B] ignoring[C] missing[D] tracking5. [A] anyway[B] though[C] instead[D] therefore6. [A] even if[B] if only[C] only if[D] as if7. [A] distinguishing[B] discovering[C] determining[D] detecting8. [A] diluted[B] dissolved[C] dispersed[D] diffused9. [A] when[B] since[C] for[D] whereas10. [A] unusual[B] particular[C] unique[D] typical11. [A] signs[B] stimuli[C] messages[D] impulses12. [A] at first[B] at all[C] at large[D] at times13. [A] subjected[B] left[C] drawn[D] exposed14. [A] ineffective[B] incompetent[C] inefficient[D] insufficient15. [A] introduce[B] summon[C] trigger[D] create16. [A] still[B] also[C] otherwise[D] nevertheless17. [A] sure[B] stick[C] aware[D] tired18. [A] tolerate[B] repel[C] neglect[D] notice19. [A] available[B] reliable[C] identifiable[D] suitable20. [A] similar to[B] such as[C] along with[D] aside from文章背景文章的主题是"人的鼻子"，作者谈论的中心议题是"我们常常低估了鼻子的功能。

"作者通过介绍人们对鼻子感知功能的误解和鼻子事实上具有的功能，对比了人们对气味的敏感性，以及大脑对鼻子感知的调节作用。

文章结构文章第一段提出论点The human nose is an underrated tool(人的鼻子是一种被低估的工具)。

第二段和第三段分别对人们认为人类的嗅觉不灵敏的原因进行反驳，并作出解释。

答案详解1.【解析】[C] 逻辑衔接题。

Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,this is largely because,animals, we stand upright. "人们常常认为，与动物相比，人类的嗅觉不够敏锐，……而这在很大程度上是因为人类直立行走，这一点与动物……。

"although 表示让步;as表示时间或者原因; but表示转折关系; while 表示时间或者对比。

四个选项中，but是表示转折的并列连词，but后面的内容是语句重心所在。

While也可以表示对比、转折，但作为从属连词也有让步含义。

从本题前后的语义关系来看，后半句语义应当是重心所在。

因此，正确答案为C。

2.【解析】[B] 语义衔接题。

…this is largely because,animals, we stand upright. "而这在很大程度上是因为人类直立行走，这一点与动物……" 人类直立行走，而动物却不同。

因此，正确答案为B。

3.【解析】[A] 语义衔接/ 词汇辨析题。

This means that our noses areto perceiving those smells which float through the air. "这意味着我们的鼻子……闻到漂浮在空气中的气味。

"选项A. be limited to 被限制在……;B. be committed to 被交给……,答应承担……义务;C. be dedicated to 奉献，献给;D. be confined to 限制在，局限于。

根据句意可以排除B、C项。

be confined to有"把……局限/限制于"的含义，但是它一般用于具体范围的"局限、限制"，与句子的语境不符。

因此，正确答案为A。

4.【解析】[C] 语义衔接题。

本题目选择介词或者现在分词，将前面的句子和后面的名词连接到一起，体现紧密的逻辑关系。

句子叙述到This means that our noses are limited to perceiving those smells which float through the air,the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. "这意味着我们的鼻子只能闻到漂浮在空气中的气味，……大多数在地表附近的气味。

"不难发现，人类闻到的气味有限，没有闻到的地表的气味很多。

选项 A. catching 抓住;B. ignoring 忽略;C. missing 错过;D. tracking 跟踪，追溯。

前面说我们的鼻子只能闻到浮在空气中的气味，对于大部分停留在表面的气味当然是"闻不到"。

首先可以排除A、D项，ignore含有"有意不……"的意思，显然不符合语境。

故正确答案为C。

5.【解析】[B] 逻辑衔接题。

In fact,,we are extremely sensitive to smells, we do not generally realize it. 由于本句中的in fact提示了转折关系，因此要选择转折的逻辑关系词。

选项 A. anyway 无论如何(表示让步);B. though 虽然(表示让步或转折);C. instead 相反;D. therefore 因此(表示结果)。

四个选项中，只有though能与in fact连用表示转折(不过，事实上……)。

因此，正确答案为B。

6.【解析】[A] 逻辑衔接题。

In fact, though, we are extremely sensitive to smells,we do not generally realize it. "事实上，我们对气味极其敏感，……我们一般没有意识到。

" 选项A. even if 即使(表让步);B. if only 但愿(后常接虚拟语气，表示愿望);C. only if 如果(用于表达条件关系，only表强调);D. as if 似乎(用于表达比较关系)。