高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型突破 专题14 完形填空 说明文和议论文对点特训

专题14 完形填空说明文和议论文
说明文和议论文
A
For a long time I saw happiness as a huge banner(横幅) across the finish line of a long race. I felt that only when I __1__ certain things could I finally be happy in my life. Most of the time I felt like a tortoise believing that being slow and __2__ would win the race. At other times I would __3__ like a rabbit trying different side roads at a dangerous __4__ hoping to reach that banner a little faster. __5__，I began to see that no matter how long I raced towards it, the banner was never any __6__. I finally decided one day to __7__ and take a break.It was then that I saw my __8__ sitting beside me.
It had been with me as I __9__ hard to support my family, as I played with my children and heard their __10__ and even when I was __11__ with my wife at my side looking after me. It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner. I just didn't have the __12__ to see it.
There is an old Chinese proverb that says, “Tension is what you think you should be. __13__ is who you are.” Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the __14__ life we think we should have and __15__ the life we have now. Happiness will never be found under some banner far away. It will be found __16__ your own heart, soul and mind. It will be found when you __17__ that others love you just as you do.
Don't be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness. Be a playful puppy and carry your stick of __18__ with you everywhere you go. __19__ yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness you are __20__ there.
体裁：议论文题材：生活哲理主题：幸福就在身边
语篇导读：当我们满怀期待、行色匆匆地去追逐幸福时，幸福其实就在我们身边，只是毫不起眼罢了。

1．A．forgot B．missed
C．overcame D．accomplished
【解析】D作者在谈论自己最初对幸福的理解。

他认为只有先成就了事业，才能最终获得自己想要的幸福。

上句中的…across the finish line of a long race暗示本空答案为accomplish(完成，实现)。

overcome战胜，克服；forget遗忘；miss思念，错过。

2．A.safe B．steady
C．calm D．quiet
【解析】B本句中作者把自己比作乌龟。

首先，C、D两项意思相近，同比排除；其次，根据英语叠词的修辞手段，不难看出A、B两项中，与slow意思相近的词是steady，slow and steady的意思是“稳扎稳打的”。

3．A.act B．run
C．jump D．walk
【解析】A本句中作者把自己比作兔子。

在通往幸福的道路上，作者有时表现得像(act like)一只急功近利的兔子。

4．A.place B．height
C．speed D．time
【解析】C由下文hoping to reach that banner a little faster的提示可知这里指的是速度。

5．A.Generally B．Gradually
C．Unfortunately D．Firstly
【解析】B在漫长的追求幸福的过程中，作者逐渐地(gradually)明白了一个道理。

generally 一般地，通常；unfortunately不幸地，遗憾地；firstly首先。

6．A.clearer B．lower
C．closer D．smaller
【解析】C作者渐渐明白，无论向着那条横幅跑多久，它都不会离你“更近”。

7．A.settle in B．start off
C．stop by D．sit down
【解析】D根据下文的and take a break及sitting beside me可判断出答案选D项。

sit down坐下；settle in定居；start off动身；stop by顺路拜访。

8．A.happiness B．goal
C．success D．friendship
【解析】A当作者停下追逐的脚步，坐下来休息时，他发现“幸福”原来就在身边。

9．A.studied B．fought
C．exercised D．worked
【解析】D根据下文的to support my family(养家)可知，这里指努力工作。

10．ughter B．complaints
C．stories D．breathing
【解析】A和孩子们一起玩耍，听到的自然是他们的“欢笑声”。

11．A.lonely B．tired
C．sick D．hungry
【解析】C根据下文的with my wife at my side looking after me(妻子陪在我身边照顾我)可判断，这里指作者生病的时候。

12．A.courage B．chance
C．wisdom D．strength
【解析】C幸福就在身边，发现它需要的是智慧(wisdom)。

13．A.Stress B．Relaxation
C．Failure D．Pain
【解析】B由语境可知，这两句话是相对而言的。

tension(紧张)的反义词是relaxation(放松)。

stress压力；failure失败；pain痛苦。

14．A.real B．perfect
C．common D．colorful
【解析】B人们不应该一味地去追求所谓的“完美的”生活，从而错过了身边的幸福。

15．A.enjoy B．change
C．improve D．create
【解析】A追求完美的生活不会带来幸福，幸福在当下，“享受”在当下。

16．A.from B．on
C．over D．in
【解析】D幸福在你的内心和灵魂里。

17．A.realize B．believe
C．hope D．admit
【解析】A幸福是一种内心的感受，所以只有当你意识到(realize)别人爱你正如你爱他们一样的时候，你才会发现幸福。

18．A.sorrow B．responsibility
C．fortune D．joy
【解析】D无论走到哪里都要快乐。

选项中只有D项与文章中心词happiness相符合。

sorrow 悲伤；responsibility责任；fortune命运。

19．A.Carry B．Make
C．Push D．Take
【解析】D由语境可知此处表示使自己从那场无休止的长跑中解脱出来。

take sb.out of sth.使某人从……中解脱出来。

20．A.never B．still
C．already D．ever
【解析】C要明白在提到爱与幸福的时候，你就“已经”身处其中了。

B
Maybe you've lost your job. Maybe you didn't get the __1__ in your job. Maybe your sweetheart __2__ with you. People say “Don't take it personally” and “Don't let it get to you”，but that's very __3__ to do.
If you're feeling disheartened, __4__ are some strategies(策略) for making yourself feel better? It's pretty clear that __5__ “I'm the greatest！” or winning a prize along with every other second－grade soccer player isn't a good way to __6__ healthy self－respect.
Then what can you do to feel better? Here are some __7__ to follow：
Do a good deed. This is as selfish as it is selfless; you'll __8__ as much as the person you're helping. I had a friend who __9__ a period of vast rejection: she was fired from her __10__，she didn't get into the graduate program to which she'd __11__，and her boyfriend split up with her. Everything worked out fine __12__，and I asked her how she got through such a(n) __13__ time. She said, “I was __14__ addicted to doing good deeds for other people. It was the only way I could make myself feel like I wasn't a total loser.”
Keep a resolution(决心). Not only will you benefit from exercising or __15__ out your garage, but you'll also get a boost(激励) from the mere fact that you made a __16__ and stuck to it.
Boost your __17__. Studies show that when you're feeling energetic, you're much more likely to feel good about yourself. Most important: get enough sleep.
Challenge yourself __18__. This strategy doesn't work for me, but I know that many people feel great __19__ white－water rafting, bungee jumping，or roller－coaster－riding. For the less daring, a great run，or bike ride can do the __20__.
体裁：说明文题材：生活哲理主题：怎样在逆境中重塑自信
语篇导读：当挫折和失败让自己感到心灰意冷、自我怀疑的时候，怎样做才能恢复自尊、自信呢？
1．A．promotion B．gift
C．match D．break
【解析】A根据上下文可知，作者在列举一些让人感到不开心的事情。

在职场中，没能获得晋升就是其中之一。

promotion提升；gift礼物；match比赛；break休息。

2．A.kept up B．put up
C．broke up D．made up
【解析】C或许你的心上人和你分手了。

break up with sb.与某人分手；keep up with sb.跟上某人；put up with sb.容忍某人；make up with sb.同某人言归于好。

3．A.easy B．hard
C．dangerous D．pleasant
【解析】B句意：人们说“你别往心里去”“不要让它对你产生影响”，但是那做起来却很难。

but提示上下文存在转折关系，说明事情是说起来容易，但是做起来难(hard)。

4．A.which B．how
C．where D．what
【解析】D如果你觉得心灰意冷，有什么策略能让你感觉好点呢？
5．A.hearing B．praising
C．knowing D．repeating
【解析】D根据下文I'm the greatest！以及常理推断，在遭受挫败的时候，人们往往对自己重复(repeating)一些鼓励的话，让自己心情好起来。

6．A.have B．lose
C．build D．hurt
【解析】C重复“我是最棒的！”或者在和其他二流足球队员比赛时获胜都不是增强自尊的好方法。

build此处意思是“逐渐增强”。

7．A.ideas B．tips
C．plans D．methods
【解析】B根据下文内容可知，这是作者提出的几点建议。

tip常用来表示一些有用的小建议；idea主意，想法；plan计划；method(系统的)方法。

8．A.benefit B．repay
C．reject D．demand
【解析】A你会和你所帮助的人获得一样多的收益。

benefit得益于；repay偿还；reject拒绝接受；demand要求。

9．A.went through B．came across
C．looked for D．waited for
【解析】A这里指经历了一系列严重的挫败。

go through经历；come across偶然碰到；look for寻找；wait for等候。

10．A.house B．incident
C．job D．boss
【解析】C介词from提示这里指在工作中被解雇。

11．A.appealed B．listened
C．reacted D．applied
【解析】D她申请读研失败。

apply申请；appeal呼吁；listen听；react回应。

12．A.in the beginning B．in the end
C．in a moment D．in a sense
【解析】B一切最终都顺利了。

in the end最后，结果；in the beginning起初；in a moment立刻，马上；in a sense从某种意义上说。

13．A.wonderful B．tough
C．unforgettable D．busy
【解析】B根据语境可知，她度过的是一段“困难的”时期。

14．A.practically B．hardly
C．carefully D．unwillingly
【解析】A此处副词practically相当于almost(几乎，差不多)。

hardly几乎不；carefully 仔细地；unwillingly不情愿地。

15．A.working B．leaving
C．finding D．cleaning
【解析】D锻炼或者打扫车库会让你受益。

clean out把……彻底打扫干净；work out 计算出，解决；leave out遗漏，略去；find out找出，查明。

16．A.bet B．difference
C．promise D．record
【解析】C根据Keep a resolution可知C项意义接近，即做出承诺并且信守承诺。

make a promise许诺；make a bet打赌；make a difference有影响，起作用；make a record 录制唱片。

17．A.energy B．confidence
C．courage D．ability
【解析】A根据下文语境以及energetic一词的提示可知该段小标题是Boost your energy(养精蓄锐)。

18．A.mentally B．physically
C．successfully D．naturally
【解析】B根据下文提到的极限运动可知，这里指Challenge yourself physically(挑战体能)。

19．A.before B．upon
C．until D．after
【解析】D很多人在进行了激流皮划艇运动、蹦极或乘坐过山车后感觉很好。

20．A.service B．business
C．trick D．favor
【解析】C do the trick起作用，奏效，达到目的，是固定短语。

C
(2016·吉林松原三模)Time talks. It speaks more plainly than words. Time __1__ in many ways.
Consider the different parts of the day, for example. The time of the day when something is done can give a __2__ meaning to the event. It is not a __3__ to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, __4__ he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that something is urgent and __5__ immediate attention.
The same meaning is __6__ telephone calls made after 11：00 pm. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he may think it is a __7__ of life and death. The time chosen for the call __8__ its importance.
In social life, time plays a very __9__ part. In the United States, guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the __10__ to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But this is not __11__ in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far __12__ because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be __13__.
The meaning of time __14__ from place to place in the world. __15__ misunderstandings often arise between people from different cultures that __16__ time differently. For example，promptness(准时) is __17__ greatly in American life. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as __18__ or not fully responsible. In the US, no one would think of keeping a business partner __19__ for an hour; it would be too rude. A person who is five minutes late is __20__ to make a short apology.
体裁：说明文题材：文化生活主题：时间的声音
语篇导读：时间的诉说比起文字表达更为直白，但是它以自己的方式与人们交流。

不同的时间代表不同的意义，守时与否也有着不同的含义。

1．A．wastes B．communicates
C．travels D．runs
【解析】B根据前文可知，时间会说话，这里指的是时间有很多种沟通方式。

waste 浪费；communicate交流；travel旅行；run跑。

2．A.special B．ridiculous
C．precious D．rare
【解析】A根据语境可知，这里的意思是一天中不同时间做一件事意味着这件事有特别的含义。

special特殊的，特别的；ridiculous荒唐的；precious珍贵的；rare罕见的。

3．A.custom B．deal
C．problem D．duty
【解析】A一大早给别人打电话不是惯常行为。

custom风俗，习性，惯常行为；deal 交易，problem问题；duty责任。

4．A.whenever B．though
C．while D．once
【解析】C如果你很早打电话给一个人，而此时这个人正在刮脸或吃早饭，那么打电话的时间就表明有紧急事情发生，需要立即予以关注。

whenever无论何时；though虽然；while当……时，然而；once一旦。

5．A.gives B．escapes
C．pays D．requires
【解析】D解析见上题。

give给予；escape逃脱；pay付钱；require需求，需要。

6．pared with B．covered with
C．attached to D．devoted to
【解析】C晚上十一点以后打来电话也是同样的意思。

compare with和……相比较；cover with被……覆盖；attach to附属于，爱慕；devote to投入，致力于。

7．A.story B．matter
C．game D．view
【解析】B如果某人在睡觉的时间接到一个电话，那么他可能会觉得这是一件生死攸关的事情。

a matter of life and death生死攸关的事情。

story故事；matter事件；game游戏；view观点。

8．A.reduces B．ignores
C．doubts D．stresses
【解析】D打电话的时间选择也强调了它的重要性。

reduce降低；ignore忽视；doubt 怀疑；stress强调。

9．A.different B．small
C．significant D．equal
【解析】C根据后文可知，这里是说时间在社会生活中也起着重要作用。

different 不同的；small小的；significant重要的；equal平等的。

10．A.plan B．invitation
C．gift D．wish
【解析】B在美国，如果客人在聚会前三四天才收到邀请那么他就会觉得没有被重视。

plan计划；invitation邀请；gift礼物；wish愿望。

11．A.true B．useful
C．clear D．grateful
【解析】A根据后文可知，在其他一些国家，聚会的邀请如果提前一个多星期会被认为是愚蠢的。

那么也就是说美国人的那种想法在其他国家并非如此。

true真实的，准确的；useful有用的；clear清楚的；grateful感激的。

12．A.on time B．at length
C．in advance D．by chance
【解析】C根据句意可知，既然是聚会的约定自然是在聚会之前。

on time准时；at length最终，终于；in advance提前；by chance偶然。

13．A.remembered B．forgotten
C．cancelled D．opposed
【解析】B根据常识可知，如果约定的时间过早的话会被遗忘，所以这里是说提前一个多星期计划好的约会容易被遗忘。

remember记得；forget忘记；cancel取消；oppose 反对。

14．A.varies B．separates
C．rushes D．keeps
【解析】A根据前文可知，不同的国家时间的意义也不同，所以这里是说时间的意义会随着地方的不同而不同。

vary改变，变化；separate分隔，分开；rush冲，跑；keep 维持。

15．A.Meanwhile B．Otherwise
C．Thus D．Besides
【解析】C根据上一句可知，时间的意义会随着地方的不同而不同，而本句说来自不同国家的人们之间常常会出现误会。

两句之间存在因果关系。

meanwhile同时；otherwise 否则；thus因此；besides此外，况且。

16．A.make B．kill
C．save D．treat
【解析】D根据下文内容可知，这里是说不同地区的人对待时间的看法也不同。

make 制作；kill杀死；save节约，挽救；treat对待，款待，治疗。

17．plained B．valued
C．seized D．influenced
【解析】B美国人的生活中准时是非常受重视的。

complain抱怨；value重视，seize 抓住；influence影响。

18．A.impolite B．desperate
C．helpless D．unlucky
【解析】A如果人们不准时，会被视为是不礼貌或者不负责任的。

impolite不礼貌的；desperate绝望的；helpless无助的；unlucky不幸的。

19．A.working B．approaching
C．waiting D．thinking
【解析】C根据前文可知，美国人很看重准时，而且下文提到不准时是无礼的，可推断出此处指的是让生意伙伴等待。

work工作；approach接近，到来；wait等待；think 认为，思考。

20．A.forced B．expected
C．refused D．blessed
【解析】B如果一个人迟到五分钟的话就要简单地道个款。

force强迫，迫使；expect 期待，期望，预料；refuse拒绝；bless祝福。

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