第十讲 英语学习中的母语干扰.
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第十讲 英语学习中的母语干扰
一、母语干扰的类型 词汇 惯用短语 句子 语篇 二、母语干扰的原因及对策
• 词汇层面的母语干扰
定义：主要指不能正确地选词。
Eg
. I should work much harder,otherwise,I would be backward. 此落后应改为“lag behind ” 或” fall behind ” Eg . 一位杰出的政治家 an outstanding politician 指求名利、不择手段往上爬的“政客” （贬） an outstanding statesman（褒）
Eg. The plan is working out. = being worked out
主语施动，用主动语态；主语受动，用被动语
态。
B.
非生物与生物
Eg. 我们没有听到任何声音。 Not a sound reached our ears. Eg. 她独处时便感到一种特殊的安宁。 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. Eg. 1959年，世界上首次出现了一艘真正会飞的船。 The year 1959 saw the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world.
• 词语知识
Bone
of the bone and flesh of the flesh as close as flesh and blood ; to be inseperately linked to each other. Adam’s apple Sell one’s birthright for a mess of pottages to exchange sth of lasting value for sth that is of value for a short time only; to suffer a big loss for a little gain.
Thank you !
(2)The Internet is now playing a very important part in our daily life．But like many other things，it has both advantages and disadvantages．As far as I’m concerned, the former outweighs the latter.
B.
误用相似英文短语
Eg. 吸取教训 learn from sb learn a lesson from sb / teach sb a lesson Eg . It took me a few minutes to make out what happened. find out / figure out
Eg. The ability of reading, Ithink I can be the first . I think I can be the first in my class as far as the ability of reading is considered.
Eg. The book is printing. = being printed
可以看出，相对于例(2)，例(1)的开篇没有 明确的观点和论据，没有直接回答所提出的 问题，是典型的螺旋思维的真实写照，不符 合西方人的开门见山直线式思维的习惯。所 以，例(1)尽管是用英文写成的文章，也符合 英语的语法规范，但在语篇结构上却是典型 的中式英语。
二 、母语干扰的原因及对策
（一）、母语干扰的原因 A. 施动与受动
C.
及物与非及物
Eg.She served for the players. She served the players.
英语动词有的表示状态，有的表示动作。
Eg. I knew him when I was working on the farm. I made his acquaintance when I was working on the farm. borrow / keep；leave→be away ； open sth.→keep sth. open
• 语篇层面的母语干扰
(
1) With the development of science and technology，people’s living conditions have been greatly improved and computers grow more and more popular. Many people spend a lot of time surfing the Internet every day, so it plays an important part in our daily life. But some people think that the Internet does more harm than good to us and some hold that the Internet does more good than harm to us. Than do advantages of the Internet outweigh the disadvantages? In my opinion, the advantages of the Internet outweigh the disadvantages.
大海捞针 look for a needle in the sea look for a needle in the hay-stack Eg . 睡得像头死猪 sleep like a dead pig sleep like a log Eg. Wait the bus ; arrive Shanghai for、at/in
Eg.
• 惯用短语层面的母语干扰
A. 生搬硬套汉语习惯，逐词翻译 Eg. 不管不怎么说 No matter how to say anyway Eg. 混在人群中 Mix in the crowd mingle。 You can live at my home tonight. You can stay at home tonight.
• 句子层面的母语干扰
定义：受汉语思维方式的影响，无语法错误， 不规范的句子。 Eg. I didn’t know the final examination had fallen. The final examination came before I realize it.
Eg. To someone, success means they can have a family, and his families are healthy and all of them can live harmoniously. To someone, success means they can have healthy families who live harmoniously. Eg. In my opinion, making my parents happy, study my work better is what success means. In my opinion, making my parents happy and studying my work better is what success means.
D.
时态
Eg. 本人在昨天以前还没有收到你的来信. I had not received your letter till yesterday. I hadn't received your letter yesterday. 言下之意,现在收没收到不知道.
E.
谓语与动词
Eg. _____(receive) a reply , he decidedto write again. Not having receive; Eg. The girl was so lazy that she always had her clothes to be washed. (W) The girl was so lazy that she always had her clothes to be washed. (R)
一、母语干扰的类型 词汇 惯用短语 句子 语篇 二、母语干扰的原因及对策
• 词汇层面的母语干扰
定义：主要指不能正确地选词。
Eg
. I should work much harder,otherwise,I would be backward. 此落后应改为“lag behind ” 或” fall behind ” Eg . 一位杰出的政治家 an outstanding politician 指求名利、不择手段往上爬的“政客” （贬） an outstanding statesman（褒）
Eg. The plan is working out. = being worked out
主语施动，用主动语态；主语受动，用被动语
态。
B.
非生物与生物
Eg. 我们没有听到任何声音。 Not a sound reached our ears. Eg. 她独处时便感到一种特殊的安宁。 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. Eg. 1959年，世界上首次出现了一艘真正会飞的船。 The year 1959 saw the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world.
• 词语知识
Bone
of the bone and flesh of the flesh as close as flesh and blood ; to be inseperately linked to each other. Adam’s apple Sell one’s birthright for a mess of pottages to exchange sth of lasting value for sth that is of value for a short time only; to suffer a big loss for a little gain.
Thank you !
(2)The Internet is now playing a very important part in our daily life．But like many other things，it has both advantages and disadvantages．As far as I’m concerned, the former outweighs the latter.
B.
误用相似英文短语
Eg. 吸取教训 learn from sb learn a lesson from sb / teach sb a lesson Eg . It took me a few minutes to make out what happened. find out / figure out
Eg. The ability of reading, Ithink I can be the first . I think I can be the first in my class as far as the ability of reading is considered.
Eg. The book is printing. = being printed
可以看出，相对于例(2)，例(1)的开篇没有 明确的观点和论据，没有直接回答所提出的 问题，是典型的螺旋思维的真实写照，不符 合西方人的开门见山直线式思维的习惯。所 以，例(1)尽管是用英文写成的文章，也符合 英语的语法规范，但在语篇结构上却是典型 的中式英语。
二 、母语干扰的原因及对策
（一）、母语干扰的原因 A. 施动与受动
C.
及物与非及物
Eg.She served for the players. She served the players.
英语动词有的表示状态，有的表示动作。
Eg. I knew him when I was working on the farm. I made his acquaintance when I was working on the farm. borrow / keep；leave→be away ； open sth.→keep sth. open
• 语篇层面的母语干扰
(
1) With the development of science and technology，people’s living conditions have been greatly improved and computers grow more and more popular. Many people spend a lot of time surfing the Internet every day, so it plays an important part in our daily life. But some people think that the Internet does more harm than good to us and some hold that the Internet does more good than harm to us. Than do advantages of the Internet outweigh the disadvantages? In my opinion, the advantages of the Internet outweigh the disadvantages.
大海捞针 look for a needle in the sea look for a needle in the hay-stack Eg . 睡得像头死猪 sleep like a dead pig sleep like a log Eg. Wait the bus ; arrive Shanghai for、at/in
Eg.
• 惯用短语层面的母语干扰
A. 生搬硬套汉语习惯，逐词翻译 Eg. 不管不怎么说 No matter how to say anyway Eg. 混在人群中 Mix in the crowd mingle。 You can live at my home tonight. You can stay at home tonight.
• 句子层面的母语干扰
定义：受汉语思维方式的影响，无语法错误， 不规范的句子。 Eg. I didn’t know the final examination had fallen. The final examination came before I realize it.
Eg. To someone, success means they can have a family, and his families are healthy and all of them can live harmoniously. To someone, success means they can have healthy families who live harmoniously. Eg. In my opinion, making my parents happy, study my work better is what success means. In my opinion, making my parents happy and studying my work better is what success means.
D.
时态
Eg. 本人在昨天以前还没有收到你的来信. I had not received your letter till yesterday. I hadn't received your letter yesterday. 言下之意,现在收没收到不知道.
E.
谓语与动词
Eg. _____(receive) a reply , he decidedto write again. Not having receive; Eg. The girl was so lazy that she always had her clothes to be washed. (W) The girl was so lazy that she always had her clothes to be washed. (R)