论《永别了-武器》中的悲剧美学英语论文本科学位论文

本科生毕业论文（设计）册
学院XXX学院
专业英语教育
班级XXXX级英语教育X班
学生XXX
指导教师XXX
XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书
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论文（设计）题目：论《永别了，武器》中的悲剧美学
学院： XXX学院专业：英语教育班级： XXX级英语教育X班
学生姓名： XXX 学号： XXXXXX 指导教师：XXX 职称：XXX
1、论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务
本论文的研究目标是探讨《永别了，武器》中写作手法所体现的悲剧美学。

其主要任务是通过分析作者对人物的刻画和写作手法的运用，揭示悲剧美学的产生。

2、论文（设计）的主要内容
本论文分为三章，第一章介绍小说中的悲剧人物，第二章介绍写作手法的运用，最后一章讨论了悲剧美学的产生和意义。

3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线
本论文的基础条件是不同的评论家《永别了，武器》的研究结果。

研究路线是通过分析作者对人物的刻画和写作手法的运用，揭示悲剧美学的产生及其意义。

4、主要参考文献
Hemingway, Ernest, A Farewell to Arms. Shanghai: World’s Books Press, 2011. Ousby, Lan, A Reader’s Guide to Fifty American Novels. London: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, 1979
张薇，《海明威小说的叙事艺术》.上海：上海社会科学出版社，2005
葛朝霞，浅析海明威的“冰山”原则与语言风格[J]. 外国文学名作欣赏，2007
5、计划进度
阶段起止日期
1 确定初步论文题目3月9日前
2 与导师见面，确定大致范围，填开题报告和
任务书，导师签字
3月9日-3月16日
3 提交论文提纲3月16日-3月23日
4 交初稿和文献综述3月23日-4月20日
5 交终稿和评议书5月8日前
指导教师：年月日
教研室主任：年月
注：一式三份，学院（系）、指导教师、学生各一份
XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书XXX学院英语教育专业 XXXX 届
学生姓名XXX
论文（设
计）题目
论《永别了，武器》中的悲剧美学
指导教师XXX
专业
职称
XXX
所属教
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英语高年
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研究方
向
英美文学
课题论证：通过分析作者对人物的刻画和写作手法的运用，揭示悲剧美学的产生及其意义。

方案设计：第一章介绍小说中的悲剧人物，
第二章介绍写作手法的运用，
第三章讨论悲剧美学的产生和意义。

进度计划：3月9日前确定初步论文题目
3月16日前写开题报告、任务书
3月23日前提交论文提纲
4月20日前提交初稿和文献综述
5月8日前交终稿和评议书
指导教师意见：
指导教师签名：年月日
教研室意见：
教研室主任签名：年月日
XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）评议书
姓名XXX 学院XXX学
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XXXX级英语
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论文题目论《永别了，武器》中的悲剧美学完成时间XXXX5/7
论文内容摘要
海明威的作品往往蕴含着一种人生哲理。

他擅长描写毁灭性的命运悲剧，刻画海明威式英雄如何在与命运的抗争中受到肉体上和心灵上的双向创伤。

海明威的小说《永别了，武器》描写了亨利和凯瑟琳在一系列悲剧遭遇中发生的性格转变与精神升华。

《永别了，武器》是以战争为背景的小说，主人公亨利在最危险的环境——战争中，和最浪漫的环境——爱情里，都无法摆脱命运的束缚，最终走向了毁灭。

女主人公凯瑟琳在亨利的成长中扮演了重要的角色，她的身上不仅体现了海明威的悲剧人生观，而且体现了海明威在其他作品中表现出的硬汉精神和英雄气质。

小说中运用了一系列写作手法以达到悲剧美学的艺术效果，如简洁的语言，冰山理论和象征的运用。

海明威的悲剧意识反映了他的爱情观与强烈的反战情绪。

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评定成绩：签章
年月日
XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述
Literature Review
Ernest Hemingway is one of the most important writers in American literary history who won Noble Prize at 1956. He is known for the brief and strong prose language. The connotative style is a distinct feature of his novels. He is a revolutionary figure of literary style and language in American literature. His creative works impact many writers in America as well as all over the world.
A Farewell to Arms is one of Hemingway's great novels and ranks a prominent place in the history of the novel of America. In the novel, an American young man Frederick Henry volunteeres to be an ambulance driver to go to the north of Italy and takes part in the First World War. During this time he comes across an English nurse, Catherine Barkley. Henry is injured when he is performing a task on the front line. He is sent to the background Milan hospital where is lacking of nurse. Catherine also go to Milan hospital where she meets Frederick again. At this time, Frederick find he is deeply falling in love with Catherine. At Milan Hospital, the lover enjoyed a good time and Catherine is pregnant. When Frederick is recovered, he has to go back to the front line. However, when he is back, he find that the Italian army is full of the emotion of failure and despair. The German army finally destroyed the Italian army’s resistance. Soldiers’ moods are agitated. In front of a bridge, the Italian military police start to arrest the officers who are absence from duty and shoot them. Frederick is among them. However, Frederick takes a chance and jumpes to the river and succeedes in escaping the destiny of being shot. Finally he realizes that his duty of being an soldier has washed away by the water. At this time, Frederick only has one aim that is to find Catherine and run away from war. Frederick go to Milan to find Catherine, only to find she has gone to a small city near the frontier. They have a good time there. However, the pursuing and capture of the Italian military police make them have no choice but to escape to Switzerland. They really had a wonderful time at Switzerland. But finally Catherine was dead of dystocia, leaving Frederick wandering
lonely and pointlessly in the world.
Since the publication of A Farewell to Arms, critics from both home and abroad have given many comments on it. Many literature critics have made many researches about it. At present, some popular researches include the following three aspects: the characterization, the themes and the writing style of this novel.
The first point that catches the critics’ attention is the characterization. Wang Lei (2008) thought that in Hemingway's works, the most fascinating and deeply moving characters are those code heroes who fight against their tragic fate. With their insistence and energy, they jump into deadly rival fight with the hostile world. They show some common characteristics: strong and determined, brave and with no fear to face death. No matter how dangerous the situation will be they are showing the grace under pressure.
Secondly, the writing style of Hemingway’s works is widely imitating by the writers all over the world. Wang Chen (2006) said that the works of Ernest Hemingway emphasize symbolism. The symbol of A Farewell to Arms caused by a kind of subtle and repeated suggestions. More specifically, the descriptions about sky, land and people perfectly show Hemingway’s symbolism.
Chen Xiaoju (2007) emphasized that another excellence of this novel that lies in Hemingway's language, style and skills are acclaimed by the public. Hemingway uses a telegraphic language. Every sentence, every word has the expression of multiple meaning. Ma Yunfei (2008) claimed that Hemingway took inhibition narrative techniqu e in describing the character. He rarely traced back to the characters’ life experience, he just wrote something straight in front of him, make the point and focus.
Third, many researchers have focused on the themes of this novel. This is the most popular and enduring talked topic about A Farewell to Arms. The first theme is the anti-war theme. A study of Liu Guo (2006) claimed that the author hopes the world will be a peaceful place for human by describing Henry and Catharine’s tragic fate. The author shows the anti-war spirit through the descriptions of the scenery. Jiang Songqiang (2001) claimed that the first paragraph in the beginning of the novel
shows the soldier’s strongly anti-war consciousness. Even though this paragraph is regarded as a background description, it reveals the story’s emotional foundation as well as the characters tragic fate. Bai Lina (2008) claimed that the author shows the anti-war topic through the description of the main characters’tragic fate. Some descriptions including language and action in this novel clearly show the anti-war spirit. Just like Huang Fang (2003) said, “individuals on the battlefield lives like those ants. They unconsciously run here and there, but at last they will die.”
All in all, these literary comments on A Farewell to Arms are very valuable and helpful for my study. From their views, I learn how to appreciate literature. As a mature reader, one can observe some personal strength to face the society from the story. What is more important is that one can analyze the causes and results, finally know more about deep thinking of the works.
In my paper, I will analyze the tragic aesthetic in A Farewell to Arms. It begins with an introduction of the author and the story to let the readers familiar with the general background and the plot of the story. And then I will focus on analyzing the characters of the novel in the following aspects: Henry’s attitude changes with the contact with Catherine, Henry’s tragic ending and the reason, Catherine’s image and her tragic ending and the reason. This paper will discuss Hemingway’s writing techniques in three aspects: terse language, iceberg theory and symbolism. By this paper, people will better understand the tragic aesthetic of the novel, the reason why the two characters will end in tragedy, Hemingway’s vision of love and his anti-war view.
本科生毕业论文设计
论《永别了，武器》中的悲剧美学
作者姓名 XXXX
指导教师 XXX
所在学院 XXX学院
专业（系）英语教育
班级（届） XXXX级英教（X）班
完成日期 XXXX 年 5 月 7 日
On the Tragic Aesthetics in
A Farewell to Arms
By
XXXX
Prof. XXX , Tutor
A Thesis Submitted to Department of English
Language and Literature impartial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of B.A. in English
At XXUniversity
May 7th, 2013
Abstract
Hemingway’s works often contain the life philosophy. He is good at describing the devastating tragedy of destiny. He portrays the code hero’s wounds to the mind and soul when they are fighting against fate. Hemingway's novel A Farewell to Arms depicts the personality changes and spiritual sublimation of Henry and Catherine in a series of tragedies. A Farewell to Arms is set in war. The hero Henry can not escape the bound of destiny in the most dangerous situation----war, as well as in the most romantic situation----love, and finally heads to destruction. The heroine Catherine plays an important role in Henry’s growth. She not only reflects Hemingway’s tragic view of life, but also shows the tough guy spirit and heroic qualities. Hemingway uses a series of writing techniques to express tragic aesthetics, such as the terse language, iceberg theory and symbolism. Hemingway’s tragic consciousness conveys his vision of love and anti-war view.
Key words Hemingway tragic aesthetics iceberg theory symbolism
iii
摘要
海明威的作品往往蕴含着一种人生哲理。

他擅长描写毁灭性的命运悲剧，刻画海明威式英雄如何在与命运的抗争中受到肉体上和心灵上的双向创伤。

海明威的小说《永别了，武器》描写了亨利和凯瑟琳在一系列悲剧遭遇中发生的性格转变与精神升华。

《永别了，武器》是以战争为背景的小说，主人公亨利在最危险的环境——战争中，和最浪漫的环境——爱情里，都无法摆脱命运的束缚，最终走向了毁灭。

女主人公凯瑟琳在亨利的成长中扮演了重要的角色，她的身上不仅体现了海明威的悲剧人生观，而且体现了海明威在其他作品中表现出的硬汉精神和英雄气质。

小说中运用了一系列写作手法以达到悲剧美学的艺术效果，如简洁的语言，冰山理论和象征的运用。

海明威的悲剧意识反映了他的爱情观与强烈的反战情绪。

关键词海明威悲剧美学冰山理论象征
iv
Table of Contents
Introduction (1)
Chapter I. Typical Hemingway hero — tragic hero (5)
A. Analysis of the hero — Frederick Henry (5)
B. Analysis of the heroine — Catherine Barkley (8)
Chapter II. Skill of writing in A Farewell to Arms (12)
A. Language style (12)
B. Iceberg principle (13)
C. Symbolism (15)
Chapter III. Tragic aesthetics conveys Hemingway’s view on love and war (17)
A. Hemingway’s tragic aesthetics (17)
B. Hemingway’s view on love and war (18)
Conclusion (20)
Notes (22)
Bibliography (23)
v
Introduction
Ernest Hemingway is one of the most important writers in American literary history who won Noble Prize at 1956. He is known for the brief and strong prose language. The connotative style is a distinct feature of his novels. He is a revolutionary figure of literary style and language in American literature. His creative works impact many writers in America as well as all over the world.
Ernest Hemingway was born in July 21st , 1899, whose father was an physician and fond of hunting and fishing. His mother was a musician and loved literary very much. All of these had an important impact on Hemingway’s following life and creativity. He often wrote for magazines and journals when he was young. When the First World War broke out, Hemingway joined the war to be an ambulance driver with the emotion of experiencing the war himself. After the war, Hemingway was awarded medals for his injury at the war. Then he became a reporter of The Star in Kansas City. His creation received many famous writers’ encourage and direction, such as Ezra Pound, Sherwood Andersen. He published many novels in the following years, among which The Sun Also Rises is the most famous. It is Hemingway’s first important novel, telling the story of a group of American youth who were wandering without any goals in Paris like Hem ingway. Gertrude Stein called them “Lost Generation”：
Many prominent American writers of the decade following the end of World War I, disillusioned by their war experiences and alienated by what they
perceived as the crassness of American culture and its "puritanical" repressions,
are often tagged as the Lost Generation. A number of these writers became
expatriates, moving either to London or to Paris in their quest for a richer
literary and artistic milieu and a freer way of life. Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein,
and T. S. Eliot lived out their lives abroad, but most of the younger "exiles," as
Malcolm Cowley called them, came back to America in the 1930s.
Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises and Fitzgerald's Tender Is the Night are
novels that represent the mood and way of life of two groups of American
expatriates.1
A Farewell to Arms which was published at1929 is one of the best works of the “Lost Generation”.It is one of Hemingway's remarkable novels and occupies a prominent place in American literary history of in the 20th century.
In the novel, an American young man Frederick Henry volunteeres to be an ambulance driver and goes to the north of Italy and takes part in the First World War. During this time he comes across an English nurse, Catherine Barkley. Henry is injured when he is performing a task on the front line. He is sent to the background Milan hospital where is lacking of nurse. Catherine also goes to Milan hospital where she meets Frederick again. At this time, Frederick finds he is deeply falling in love with Catherine. At Milan Hospital, the lover enjoyed a good time and Catherine is pregnant. When Frederick is recovered, he has to go back to the front line. However, when he is back, he finds that the Italian army is full of the emotion of failure and despair. The German army finally destroyed the Italian army’s resistance. Soldiers’ moods are agitated. In front of a bridge, the Italian military police start to arrest the officers who are absence from duty and shoot them. Frederick is among them. However, Frederick takes a chance and jumps to the river and succeeds in escaping the destiny of being shot. Finally he realizes that his duty of being a soldier has washed away by the water. At this time, Frederick only has one aim that is to find Catherine and run away from war. Frederick go to Milan to find Catherine, only to find she has gone to a small city near the frontier. They have a good time there. However, the pursuing and capture of the Italian military police make them have no choice but to escape to Switzerland. They really had a wonderful time at Switzerland. But finally Catherine was dead of dystocia, leaving Frederick wandering lonely and pointlessly in the world.
Biographer Reynolds said A Farewell to Arms can be regarded as Hemingway’s autobiography.
The novel was based on Hemingway's own experiences serving in the Italian campaigns during the First World War. The inspiration for Catherine
Barkley was Agnes von Kurowsky, a real nurse who cared for Hemingway in a
hospital in Milan after he had been wounded. He had planned to marry her but
she spurned his love when he returned to America.2
A Farewell to Arms not only is a masterpiece in American literary history but also enjoys a high popularity across the world. The language in the novel is vivid and easy to understand. War and love interweave together in the novel. The writer expounds his view to war and life. This novel makes people have a deep thinking of the world as well as war itself. It is a well-organized novel with a complicated and vivid portrait of characters. The title of the novel ha s two meanings for the word “arms” not only means weapon but also means embrace of lover. So the meaning of the title can be said say good-bye to war as well as love.
Ernest Hemingway is also known for Hemingway Code Hero. He puts his own experience of fishing, hunting, bullfight and war in his writing which creates many tough heroes who are known for “grace under pressure”. However, women characters are not in this group to be criticized except for Catherine. In A Farewell to Arms the hero and the heroine are both typical Hemingway code hero. Their characteristic and the surroundings contribute to their tragic ending. Their love story is as moving as William Shakespeare’s tragedy Romeo and Juliet by some critics.
In A Farewell to Arms Hemingway uses a lot of writing skills to construct the tragic atmosphere. Symbolism is one of the most important techniques he used. By depicting the weather and the environment, Hemingway implies a tragic ending. To summarize Hemingway’s writing style, iceberg principle is the most that worth discussion. He uses the least words to suggest the most meaning. Hemingway’s language is vivid and terse. Instead of narrative paragraphs, he writes dialogues more often. He uses speech to convey the plot and the mental activities of characters.
The tragic character, the description of weather and scenery and the tragic ending all indicating the tragic sense of the novel. In the novel there is a aesthetics of tragedy. Hemingway’s purpose is not unfold sorrow and despair before people’s eyes. He
intends to reveal human’s great power to face despair and tragic life. His unique writing style and tragic sense reflect his view on love and war. Cruel and ruthless war destroys people’s beautiful love and deprives their happiness. Hemingway depicts the real face of war and the tragedy caused by war to express his hatred and disgust to war.
Chapter I. Typical Hemingway Hero — Tragic Hero
A. Analysis of the Hero — Frederick Henry
Ernest Hemingway is one of the writers who have gone to the battlefield of the First World War himself. At war, he was badly injured. He was honored of the hero of the war. Even though he was badly wound, he was full of spirit and energy. This is the first image Hemingway left to the world. He was awarded the Military Cross Medal, the Silver Medal as well as the Courage Medal by the Italy Government. Although the medals sparkling before his brace were shiny, the injury in his body was hidden behind the even harder to recover spiritual injury. When He came back from the front line, the picture of the crucial war lingered in his mind which made him can not have a sound sleep in the night. This state of mind may be the first reason that he creates the novel A Farewell to Arms. Hemingway was an ambulance driver at war. He also has the experience of having some love affairs with a nurse. He put his own experience in the novel. A Farewell to Arms is a monumental war novel in American literary history.
In the novel A Farewell to Arms Hemingway used the first person point of view. Frederick Henry, the protagonist of A Farewell to Arms, is the narrator. He has received a lot of attention from the critics around the world. He is a status in the gallery of the “Lost Generation”. The novel depicts Henry’s unhapp y life and characteristic. Through the tragedy of Henry, Hemingway expresses his view on war and love.
Henry is an American youth who is full of dreams. He is a student studying architecture in Italy. When the war broke out, he volunteers to join the Italian army under the Italian “patriotism” and American “democracy” thinking. His work is to drive ambulance to transport the wounded. So he does not feel the war is very cruel.
Just as he say, “Well, I knew I would not be killed. Not in this war. It did not have anything to do with me. It seemed no more dangerous to me myself than war in the movies. I wished to God it was over though.”3 (all the quotations are taken from A Farewell to Arms unless otherwise noted) Henry has a very brief view of war. When others ask why he would come to the war, he just feels that he could speak Italian. An Italian priest who has a good relationship with Henry named him a patriot. Actually, Henry does not know the real meaning of joining the war. He is caught in the spirit crisi s and cannot escape. The Italian's relatively bloodless battlefield and Henry’s relatively leisured task----driving ambulance, seems that his life is predictable and dull. In addition, except for playing cards and chatting with the pastor and Rinaldi, he has nothing to do but only drink to pass the time. In order to get rid of the torment of heart because the dream has vanished into the air, Henry turns to be a drunken man. Even by doing this, he cannot able to expel the sense of the inner emptiness.
At this point, the appearance of Catherine Barkley makes up the vacancy. His first meeting with Catherine left him with a deep impression: "I saw Catherine Barkley coming down the hall, and stood up. She did not seem tall walking toward me but she looked very l ovely”.(24)However, Henry does not fall in love with Catherine at first sight. At first, he does not love this beautiful goddess. He even has no intention to try to love her. He is clear minded and he knows that his meeting with Catherine is a game, just l ike playing Bridge. He does not care much of Catherine’s queer actions. He regards their relationship as killing time which is better than going to the brothel every night. Then Henry comes to Catherine to show his love. He wants to temporarily escape a sense of emptiness and loneliness which the war brings to him. Ignorance as Henry is, he finally finds their spiritual refuge in the battlefield --- he dates with Catherine so that he can escape the feeling caused by war.
With the development of the plot, Henry and Catherine have more opportunities to meet and their love affairs have the new trends. Their love becomes more profound than before. The battlefield becomes slightly nervous than before, which makes Henry perform tasks from time to time to drive the ambulance. At first he is indifferent with spending little time with Catherine. However, when Henry returns to the front line
from Milan, he hurries to the hospital to see Catherine. But Catherine cannot see him. His attitude at this time becomes more serious.
In the middle of the novel Henry says farewell to war. His war experience is a tragedy. What about his love affairs with Catherine? At first Henry does not fall in love with Catherine. He acts as a playboy and only pays attention to Catherine’s goo d looking. Their relationship changes after Henry’s injury at the front line. Henry is sent to Milan hospital for treatment. In hospital, he can not believe his eye that Catherine is dispatched to this hospital. Catherine takes good care of him. During the treatment, the love between Henry and Catherine sublimed. He said: “I was crazy about her. I could not believe she was really there and held her tight to me.”(94)He told her over and over again, “I really love you. I'm crazy about you”(94-95)
He feels extremely pleased and happy. Catherine companys and takes care of Henry, regardless of exhaustion. When Catherine learns she is pregnant, at first she does not want to tell Henry and does not want to let him worry about it. She also refuses to marry Henry. What she really cared about is not the form of marriage, but the true love between her and Henry. Good time flies quickly, it’s time to separate. Although Henry does not like war, he has to go back to the front line. Catherine bravely tells Henry, that she will find a good place to give birth to the child. At this point, the author did not make too much description of the feelings of Henry. But through Henry's language and behavior, it is not difficult to see that in order to make Catherine happy, he represses his feeling and stress of not being ready to be a father.
Escaping from the frontline, Henry looks Catherine as his own unique belief. He often looks at his amulet which Catherine gave him. Then the story comes to the climax, Henry and Catherine’s emotio nal realm sublimated again. In the help of a friend, they escapes from the Italian military police and go to Switzerland by boat. The time in Switzerland is their last happiness. But the risk of arrest is still all times lurking in the heart of Henry. At this point, only be with Catherine together, can he forget the danger. Only love can soothe his heavy heart, so that he would have the courage to continue to live. The expected date is closing, Henry becomes more and more anxious and nervous. This tension came from no way of knowing. In the end,
they do not escape the tragic fate --- Catherine dystocia, in critical condition. Although Henry does not have religious belief, he turns to God for help for 12 times. But the world even takes Catherine’s life as well as Henry’s soul. After saying farewell to war, Henry has to say farewell to his lover. Although Henry’s experience of war and love is a tragedy, he does not loose all the hopes. No matter what setback he will face, he keeps a spirit of grace under pressure from beginning to end.
Suffered by war, Henry escapes war decisively and turns to love. It is a place that gives him a shelter to live both mentally and physically. But life is a tragedy. Henry goes forward to achieve goals again and again. However he fails when goals are in front of his eyes. He suffers the rough of dream and love. Henry’s personal tragedy reflects the 20th century generation’s psychology. They encounter the same misfortune and do not know how to settle it as Henry. Henry’s failing to yearn for happy life reflects Hemingway anti-war sense.
In a word, Henry can not escape the bound of destiny in the most dangerous situation----war, as well as in the most romantic situation----love, and finally heads to destruction.
B. Analysis of the Heroine — Catherine Barkley
The heroine Catherine Barclay is a British nurse working in Italy. Like Hemingway's other female characters, Catherine is a beautiful, gentle woman. She loves Henry and takes good care of him, helps him recover quickly. From feminist criticism point of view, Catherine is Hemingway's "angel" image.
As for war, Catherine is a wise woman. Catherine volunteers to join the ambulance team because of her fiancé. But with the progress of the war, she comes to recognize that the world is like a huge trap that mankind will sooner or later fall into it. For war, Catherine acts more rational than Henry. Henry thinks that the war will be end in summer. However, Catherine thinks that Italy will be defeated some day sooner or later. The war’s de velopment goes on just as Catherine expected. However, As long
as war exists, life cannot be happy. For life, Catherine is a brave woman. As Hemingway's tough guy, she will never be beaten by the dangerous situations. War destroyed her former love, but she did not be defeat; war took away her fiancé, but she did not loose the courage to love again.
In the beginning of the story, Henry is a playboy. Although he is fascinated by Catherine’s beauty, he does not fall in love with her. He only looks her as some enjoyment which is similar to drinking and playing card. It is Catherine that teaches him what is love and how to love. For Henry, Catherine is half of the lover, half of the mother.
Catherine and Henry's attitude towards love is different. She had lost her lover once. When she decides to get along with Henry, she is serious to him. In Milan, Henry was injured and stayed in hospital. Catherine trys her best to transfer duty with other nurse at night, so that there will be more time to spend with Henry and take care of him. For Henry to win Catherine's love is like to win an oasis. Her obedience, depending upon Henry, in love with Henry, cure Henry not only physically but also mentally. When Catherine is pregnant unexpectedly, she does not shrink back. Even at the time they are at the risk and have to escape to Switzerland in heavy rain, Catherine acts bravely and optimistically. At last Catherine died of giving birth to the child. Before dying, she even tells Henry: "Well, I'll come and stay with you nights." "Don't worry, darling…..I'm not a bit afraid. It's just a dirty trick."(335-336)
She spends her whole life to love Henry. Catherine is an unforgettable woman image.
As a "mother" figure, Catherine gave Henry a feeling of home in the foreign country. Henry feels where Catherine is, where home lies. Catherine is not only gentle, loyal and resolute, but also like a lighthouse that guides Henry. Catherine uses her great love, soothes the injury of Henry. She teaches Henry how to face death, and all the confusion caused by war. However, beautiful things cannot exist peacefully in the world. The perfect angel is difficult to find a place to stand in the world.
Catherine is beautiful, gentle, strong, and brave. And for the strong, the world always seems to give more jealousy rather than preference. As Henry said, “The。