阅读理解中词义猜测题解题策略+课件--2023届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项
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Yes，I'm the wind!
Guessing in the reading!
Using what you already know & evidence from the text to guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words！
Reading Comprehension— Guessing the Meanings of Words or Phrases
offend:冒犯；违规 -er
25.What do the underlined words “the offender” in paragraph 8 refer to?
A.The student's parent.
B.The maker of the Grandma's Box.
C.The author's grandchild. D.The owner of the forbidden fruit.
... Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare， “But I’m just not creative.”
suffix
-ion :action, solution, conclusion
-ous: dangerous, humorous -ful: helpful, careful -tion: education, satisfaction -or: visitor, sailor,instructor -er: teacher, worker,
shop+keeper
He wolfed down three bowls of rice .
狼吞虎咽
Don't let your personal feelings cloud your judgement.
模糊
prefix
in/im-:incorrect/impatient mini-: minisk积irt极, m的inibus re-: rewrite, reuse, reconsider dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear, mis-: misunderstand fore-: foretell, forecast over-: overwork, overcoat anti-: antibiotics, anti-Japanese
and,or,also,just as,as...as,like,similarly
因/果 cause / effect
because, since, for, now that, as, given that, for fear that, in that, because of / due to / owing to, so/such...that, hence, thus, therefore, then, as a consequence / result,consequently
·No one can see me or catch me in their palms. ·I spread the noisy sound of my voice quickly
through the world. ·I can break to pieces the oak with my loud, crashing strength, as I beat against the high poles of the sky and traverse the fields.
Exercise 6(2020新高考全国1卷)
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size
and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food
store:存储 re-
23.What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph
mean?
A. showed.
B. sent out.
C. delivered.
D. gave back
Exercise 3(2016年全国2卷)
9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean? A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
Exercise 5 (2018·全 国 1 卷 )Especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English 、 Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？
阅读理解题型分布
年份
2022
2021 2020
卷型
甲卷 乙卷 新高考1卷 新高考2卷 甲卷 乙卷 全国卷1 全国卷2 全国卷3
细节
6 7 7 8 6 7 7 8 8
推理
5 6 4 5 7 5 5 3 3
主旨
3 1 3 0 1 2 2 2 3
猜词
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Question forms: 1.The word”...”refers to /probably means______. 2.The underlined word”...”could best be replaced by______. 3.What do you think the expression”...”stands for? 4.By saying “...”we mean_______. 5.”...”used in the text can best be defined as______. 6.Which of the following words can take the place of the word”...”?
plex. B. Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.
分析从句信息，联合特定词汇 猜测生词意义
Logical Relation
logic
signpost
对比/转折 comparison /
contrast
同义/近义 similarity
on the contrary,by contrast,by comparison but, yet, however, nervertheless, still, whereas,while,although / (even) though / even if, on the contrary, opposite
Exercise 4(2021年全国甲卷)
...We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
container -ment :development,
movement
Exercise 1(2020新高考2卷)My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like
magic that spring, and later.Sometimes students would ask me to describe all the
-ness
There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.
dis-
Examples
The customer bargained with the shopkeeper for a long time,and finally they agreed on the price.
things I had in it.Then I would try to remember the different possessions I
supposedly had taken away—since I seldom actually kept ually the
offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would return the belonging.
Word-formation
派生
前缀 词义变，词性不变 后缀 词性变，词义不变
合成 两个及以上词汇意义之和
转化 熟词生义（词性转化）
Examples
He had been overworking and fell ill at last.
over-
A silence in a conversation may also show stubborness,uneasiness or worry.
down+side
27. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4
probably mean？
A. Mistake.
B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty.
D. Burden.
熟记一定数量词缀，化整为零 “分解”单词，获取词义
Definition
下定义 标点
is,mean,refer to,namely,that is(to say), in other words，like+具体解释
修饰限定先行词内容范畴
同位语 对前面内容解释说明
举例 such as/for example/for instance
Exercise 2(2014年全国2卷)
...At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only returned the important documents to us that day, but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.
Guessing in the reading!
Using what you already know & evidence from the text to guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words！
Reading Comprehension— Guessing the Meanings of Words or Phrases
offend:冒犯；违规 -er
25.What do the underlined words “the offender” in paragraph 8 refer to?
A.The student's parent.
B.The maker of the Grandma's Box.
C.The author's grandchild. D.The owner of the forbidden fruit.
... Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare， “But I’m just not creative.”
suffix
-ion :action, solution, conclusion
-ous: dangerous, humorous -ful: helpful, careful -tion: education, satisfaction -or: visitor, sailor,instructor -er: teacher, worker,
shop+keeper
He wolfed down three bowls of rice .
狼吞虎咽
Don't let your personal feelings cloud your judgement.
模糊
prefix
in/im-:incorrect/impatient mini-: minisk积irt极, m的inibus re-: rewrite, reuse, reconsider dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear, mis-: misunderstand fore-: foretell, forecast over-: overwork, overcoat anti-: antibiotics, anti-Japanese
and,or,also,just as,as...as,like,similarly
因/果 cause / effect
because, since, for, now that, as, given that, for fear that, in that, because of / due to / owing to, so/such...that, hence, thus, therefore, then, as a consequence / result,consequently
·No one can see me or catch me in their palms. ·I spread the noisy sound of my voice quickly
through the world. ·I can break to pieces the oak with my loud, crashing strength, as I beat against the high poles of the sky and traverse the fields.
Exercise 6(2020新高考全国1卷)
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size
and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food
store:存储 re-
23.What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph
mean?
A. showed.
B. sent out.
C. delivered.
D. gave back
Exercise 3(2016年全国2卷)
9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean? A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
Exercise 5 (2018·全 国 1 卷 )Especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English 、 Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？
阅读理解题型分布
年份
2022
2021 2020
卷型
甲卷 乙卷 新高考1卷 新高考2卷 甲卷 乙卷 全国卷1 全国卷2 全国卷3
细节
6 7 7 8 6 7 7 8 8
推理
5 6 4 5 7 5 5 3 3
主旨
3 1 3 0 1 2 2 2 3
猜词
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Question forms: 1.The word”...”refers to /probably means______. 2.The underlined word”...”could best be replaced by______. 3.What do you think the expression”...”stands for? 4.By saying “...”we mean_______. 5.”...”used in the text can best be defined as______. 6.Which of the following words can take the place of the word”...”?
plex. B. Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.
分析从句信息，联合特定词汇 猜测生词意义
Logical Relation
logic
signpost
对比/转折 comparison /
contrast
同义/近义 similarity
on the contrary,by contrast,by comparison but, yet, however, nervertheless, still, whereas,while,although / (even) though / even if, on the contrary, opposite
Exercise 4(2021年全国甲卷)
...We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
container -ment :development,
movement
Exercise 1(2020新高考2卷)My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like
magic that spring, and later.Sometimes students would ask me to describe all the
-ness
There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.
dis-
Examples
The customer bargained with the shopkeeper for a long time,and finally they agreed on the price.
things I had in it.Then I would try to remember the different possessions I
supposedly had taken away—since I seldom actually kept ually the
offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would return the belonging.
Word-formation
派生
前缀 词义变，词性不变 后缀 词性变，词义不变
合成 两个及以上词汇意义之和
转化 熟词生义（词性转化）
Examples
He had been overworking and fell ill at last.
over-
A silence in a conversation may also show stubborness,uneasiness or worry.
down+side
27. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4
probably mean？
A. Mistake.
B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty.
D. Burden.
熟记一定数量词缀，化整为零 “分解”单词，获取词义
Definition
下定义 标点
is,mean,refer to,namely,that is(to say), in other words，like+具体解释
修饰限定先行词内容范畴
同位语 对前面内容解释说明
举例 such as/for example/for instance
Exercise 2(2014年全国2卷)
...At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only returned the important documents to us that day, but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.