高中完型填空

英语完形填空
主要特点：
1. 通常从一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空20个，首句不挖空；
2. 考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景;
3. 干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。

考试出题的大致方向是：
1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。

英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。

（单词过关、猜词）
2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。

3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力
4. 逻辑推理和生活常识
一、词汇手段
1、复现、同现
(08山东卷) Garth’s e-mail was short, but I learned more from that 52 message than I ever did from a textbook.
A. accurate
B.urgent
C. brief
D. humorous
同义词、近义词复现
2、词语的习惯用法和固定搭配
1. (08安徽) There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time. One of them is to walk around it, guide-book _36_ hand.
A. in
B. at
C. by
D. on
2. (08安徽) When we 41(look at ) it as a whole, we begin to have some
42 ,which even the best guide-books do not answer.
A. ideas
B. opinions
C. feelings
D.questions
3、根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义
1. Soon I heard a ____ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet.
A. sound
B. cry
C. voice
D. from
2. To my horror, I saw, ____ my father's shoulder, a gorilla, ……
A. on
B. above
C. over
D. form
3. "Give me a hand," he shouted ____ he got near the boat.
A. while
B. till
C. for
D. as
4、根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择
The ring had fallen of and been damaged in the great ___ of the fire.
A.pile
B.heat
C. power
D.pressure
二、语法手段
1、省略
2、替代
3、语法项目
三、逻辑手段
1、顺序关系
2、并列关系
3、分指关系
4、转折关系
5、解释关系
6、因果关系
10. (08天津) Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new challenges in high school. , high school was different.
A. Therefore
B. However
C. Otherwise
D. Besides 转折关系
11. (08湖北) Neilson considers herself lucky___she suffered injuries.
A.and
B.but
C.though
D.when 让步关系
四、篇章结构（语境理解）
13. (08四川) Clearly I had made . I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my desire to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter… So I had to change.
A. a mistake
B. a decision
C. an attempt
D. an effort
五、、照应：充分利用文章的结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。

有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反意词。

1. Travelling west, you set your clock 7 ; travelling east, you set it ahead… Travelling 15 today becomes yesterday; travelling west it is tomorrow.
7. A. behind B. forward C. back D. ahead
15. A. south B. east C. north D. west
解题技巧
1、照应：瞻前顾后联系全文。

2、精读第一句
3、积累：掌握固定搭配的用法与同义词的辨析。

4、分清逻辑关系：注意文中分类、对比、从属、并列等关系所用的词语
5、化简句子：突破长句的理解。

6、充分利用你的常识。

分析文章：
As she waited at the edge of the ice for her music to start,. Peggy took a quick look at her father standing nearby with a group of parents and teachers. He smiled at her. Then she 1._____ out at the audience, 2._____ to see her mother. These two, Alvert and Doris Flemint, had 3._____ all the way from California more than 2,000 miles away, to see their 4._____ compete in this sports meet in Cleveland, Ohio.
The music 5._____ and Peggy moved onto the ice, letting the music 6._____ her along into her turns, and she began skating with much 7._____ in herself. The cold fear she always had in the 8._____ seconds before skating onto the ice was 9._____. She was feeling the movement of the 10._____ and letting it carry her. She skated easily, 11._____ did some jumps, a final turn and her performance was 12._____.
The crowd loved it and cheered 13._____ she skated off the ice. “Nice job,” said one of the other 14._____. It was the remark that 15._____ came after a free-skating performance. But what should the 16._____ say? Standing beside her father, Peggy 17._____ for the scoring to be finished. On all sides were other young skaters, some waiting 18._____ alone, others with a parent. Shortly before 10 o’clock the results were 19._____. The new United States Women’s Figure Skating Champion was Peggy Fleming of Passdena, 20._____.
1.A.looked B. watched C. found D. stepped
2.A.failing B. looking forward C. wanting D. hoping
3.A.bicycled B. driven C. run D. walked
4.A.friend B. children C. son D. daughter
5.A.started B. played C. developed D. sang
6.A.allow B. set out C. carry D. support
7.A.thought B. belief C. success D. design
8.A.following B. last C. recent D. past
9.A.lost B. present C. strong D. gone
10.A.music B. fear C. ice D. audiences
11.A.so B. or C. before D. then
12.A.satisfied B. unsatisfactory C. finished D. welcome
13.A.because B. until C. before D. as
14.A.skaters B. parents C. judges D. parents
15.A.always B. seldom C. again D. hardly
16.A players B. audience C. judges D. parents
17.A.waited B. looked C. wished D. asked
fortably B. hurriedly C. happily D. anxiously
19.A.cried out B. let out C. announced D. declared
20.A.England B. Cleveland C. Ohio D. California
内容概要:本文叙述了一个加利弗利亚的小女孩参加滑冰的比赛的经过,从紧张到放松,
最后取得了胜利。

答案简析:
1、选A。

从后面的状语…to see her mother中可以得到启发。

2、选D。

四处张望的目的就是“希望”见到她母亲。

want一般没有现在分词形式，look forward to 中的to是介词，后面应接名词或动名词，故B、C不能选用。

3、选B。

根据常识可以排除另三个选项。

4、选D。

Peggy是女孩，故为女儿。

5、选A。

音乐响起。

首句已呈现过该说法，另play在此系及物动词，形式不对。

6、选C。

下文中有and letting it carry her 这样类似用法。

7、选B。

从其后面的状态来看，Peggy心中充满了自信。

8、选B。

表示进入溜冰场之前的最后几秒钟。

该空可以根据常识和行文逻辑选定。

9、选D。

表示自然消失而不是人为丢失，应该用gone，而不用lost。

10、选A。

见第二节第一句。

11、选D。

then表示时间上的顺承。

12、选C。

凭语感选定。

13、选D。

as表示“当……的同时”。

因为表演完美，所以谢幕时人们欢呼。

14、选A。

the other 后总是接同类名词，故此处选skaters。

15、选A。

根据常识，自由滑冰运动员退场时，观众总是会欢呼的。

16、选C。

选手关注的，除了观众，就是“裁判”了。

17、选A。

第18空前再现了这一说法。

18、选D。

等分数时的心情应是焦急的,故用anxiously。

19、选C。

结果的宣布一般用announce。

而战争、罪行等重大事件的宣布则多用declare。

20、选D。

上文中提到了父母亲从加利弗利亚开车过来,所以Peggy可能来自California。

练习：
（一）
Tim Becker and his neighbors are doing something to make their neighborhood a trouble-free area.
When Tim Becker gets in his car to go shopping, he doesn’t 1 drive to a store and back home. He always looks 2 up and down the streets of his neighborhood. He looks for anything 3 such as strange cars, loud noises, 4 windows, or people gathering on street comers.
Tim 5 to a neighborhood watch group in Stoneville, Indiana, USA. The neighborhood watch group 6 on the third Wednesday of every month. That’s
7 . Tim gets together with about ten of his neighbors to discuss community
8 .Members of the neighborhood watch group want to help the police 9 their homes, streets, and families safe.
Tina Stedman, president of 10 neighborhood watch group, agrees with Tim.“People seem to think that crime happens to other people but not 11 them. Well, it’s never happened to me,” she said,“but I don’t think anyone has the 12 to steal from other people or to make them feel 13 sitting in their own homes.”
Alex, a member of the group, said that all the neighbors 14 out for one another,“We15 each other’s homes. We keep watch on the neighborhood at night and on weekends. Usually a 16 of four or five of us goes out together. If something doesn’t look right, then we call the17 . For example, if we notice a group of teenagers who seem to be looking for 18 ,or someone destroying property, we report to the police.”
Alex feels the neighborhood watch groups 19 a lot in keeping crime down. Her husband Jim agrees,“Police are good people, but they can’t do 20 .”
1.A.yet B.still C.just D.rather
2.A.carefully B.clearly C.nervously D.coldly
3.A.familiar B.unusual C.expensive D.interesting
4.A.curtained B.open C.old D.broken
5.A.attends B.belongs C.goes D.turns
6.A.meets B.quarrels C.sings D.searches
7.A.where B.why C.when D.how
8.A.politics B.wealth C.health D.safety
9.A.keep B.hold C.let D.protect
10.A.its B.his C.their D.your
11.A.round B.on C.about D.to
12.A.right B.chance C.courage D.mind
13.A.unlucky B.unsafe C.disappointed D.discouraged
14.A.set B.let C.hold D.look
15.A.care B.enter C.watch D.manage
16.A.group B.set C.number D.crowd
17.A.judges B.police C.firemen D.doctors
18.A.work B.burden C.service D.trouble
19.A.produce B.find C.get D.help
20.A.anything B.evening C.harm D.wrong
（二）
People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 1 problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. 2 , when all of these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six 3 in analyzing a problem.
4 the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must
5 that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the person must find the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 6 the parts that are wrong.
Now the person must look for 7 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 8 solutions. For example, suppose Sam decides that his bike does no t work because there is something wrong with the brakes. 9 ,he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, 10 his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.
After 11 the problem, the person should have 12 suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example 13 ,his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.
In the end, one 14 seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the 15 idea comes quite 16 because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a 17 way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖) stuck to a brake. He 18 hits on the solution to his problem: he must 19 the brake.
Finally the solution is 20 .Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.
1.A.serious ual C.similar mon
2.A.Besides B.Instead C.Otherwise D.However
3.A.ways B.conditions C.stages D.orders
4.A.First ually C.In general D.Most importantly
5.A.explain B.prove C.show D.see
6.A.check B.determine C.correct D.recover
7.A.answers B.skills C.explanation rmation
8.A.possible B.exact C.real D.special
9.A.In other words B.Once in a while C.First of all D.At this time
10.A.look for B.talk to C.agree with D.depend on
11.A.discussing B.settling down paring with D.studying
12.A.extra B.enough C.several D.countless
13.A.secondly B.again C.also D.alone
14.A.suggestion B.conclusion C.decision D.discovery
15.A.next B.clear C.final D.new
16.A.unexpectedly te C.clearly D.often
17.A.simple B.different C.quick D.sudden
18.A.fortunately B.easily C.clearly D.immediately
19.A.clean B.separate C.loosen D.remove
20.A.recorded pleted C.tested D.accepted
答案详解：
一
1.A.yetd但是，还，可是 B.still仍然 C.just D.rather宁愿
【解析】本题考查副词词义辨析及学生依据语境选用恰当副词的能力。

从后面的句子可以知道Tim Becker去买东西时不只是从家到商店直来直去，而是还要在居民区里巡视，所以应选用副词just。

【答案】C
2.A.carefully B.clearly C.nervously D.coldly
【解析】本题考查学生根据上下文判断并选择恰当副词来修饰动词的能力。

学生此处要考虑Tim是怎样在居民区巡视的，从整篇文章可以看出，Tim对居民区的保卫工作很负责任，同时下面一句也讲到他对发生的任何可疑情况都很注意，所以可以判定Tim总是“looks carefully”，而不是其他。

【答案】A
3.A.familiar B.unusual C.expensive D.interesting
【解析】本题考查考生根据上下文对所给形容词做出判断选择的能力。

Tim 是为了社区安全进行巡视，应注意一些可疑情况，且后面举的例子也是一些反常情况，属于“unusual”。

【答案】B
4.A.curtained B.open C.old D.broken
【解析】本题考查学生根据上下文进行判断选择的能力，前面提到的“anything unusual”为本题设立了前提，那么选A、B、C，即“拉着窗帘的窗户、开着的窗户、旧的窗户”都不属于“unusual”，而选择D，“打破的窗户”应为最佳答案。

【答案】D
5.A.attends B.belongs C.goes D.turns
【解析】本题考查动词词意的辨析。

Tim与watch group的关系应是其中的一个成员，因此应选“belong to，属于”。

【答案】B
6.A.meets B.quarrels C.sings D.searches
【解析】本题考查根据上下文做出判断及动词词意的辨析。

此题的提示在后面一句，即“…Tim gets together with…”，所以本句应理解为“社区巡视组的成员每月的第三个星期三会面一次。

”
【答案】A
7.A.where B.why C.when D.how
【解析】本题考查学生对文章的准确理解并做出判断的能力。

句中“that”一词对此题的选择至关重要，that指“每月第三个星期三会面”，接下来应理解为“那是Tim和其他成员交流讨论情况的时间”。

【答案】C
8.A.politics B.wealth C.health D.safety
【解析】本题考查学生词意辨析和根据上下文进行判断的能力。

如果学生能知道四个名词的意思，此题应该比较容易。

根据文章的整体意思，显然他们讨论的是社区安全问题。

【答案】D
9.A.keep B.hold C.let
D.protect
【解析】本题考查学生动词词意辨析及对句子的准确理解的能力。

根据文章意思，巡视组应是帮助警察维护社区的安全，即“keep…safe”，此题的干扰项是D，如果用“protect，保护”，虽然意思也正确，但不需要句子后面的safe，两个词意思重复。

【答案】A
10.A.its B.his C.their D.your
【解析】本题考查学生对句子的准确理解及判断的能力。

此题的干扰项是B，如果选B，意思便是Tim的居住区，而Tina（注意Tina是女的）是这个巡视组的组长，也应住在此居民区，所以应该用“their，他们的居民区”。

【答案】C
11.A.round B.on C.about D.to
【解析】本题考查学生对一些句型的掌握及句意的理解。

本句的意思是“人们好像觉得犯罪（案件）只是发生在别人身上，而不是发生在他们自己身上”。

此处承前面的动词happen，因此应该选“to”。

【答案】D
12.A.right B.chance C.courage D.mind
【解析】本题考查学生对词意的辨析及阅读理解能力。

此句的意思是“我认为任何人都没有权力去偷别人的东西或是使得别人坐在家都觉得不安全。

”这里选用“任何人都没有机会／勇气／想法……”都是不合适的。

【答案】A
13.A.unlucky B.unsafe C.disappointed
D.discouraged
【解析】本题考查根据上下文判断句意。

如果有被偷窃的可能，人们或许也会感到不幸、失望或泄气，但本篇文章讲的是关于社区安全，所以选择感到不
安全，更符合上下文的意思。

【答案】B
14.A.set B.let C.hold D.look
【解析】本题考查学生对一些常用动词短语的掌握。

set out意为“出发”，let out意为“发出”，hold out意为“举出”，look out意为“小心”。

根据上下文判断，D 为正确答案。

【答案】D
15.A.care B.enter C.watch D.manage
【解析】本题考查动词词意辨析及在具体语境中的使用。

根据上下文，最佳选择应是watch，意为“巡视、留意（彼此的家）”，而不是“介意”“进入”或“经营”（彼此的家）。

【答案】C
16.A.group B.set C.number D.crowd
【解析】本题考查的是一组名词的词意辨析。

后面的“four or five of us”决定了应是“a group of，一小组／一小队”，而不是“a set of，一套”“a number of，若干个”或“a crowd of，一大群”。

【答案】A
17.A.judges B.police C.firemen D.doctors
【解析】本题考查学生根据上下文进行推理判断的能力。

此题的提示在后面一句“For example，if…，we report to the police.”这里的“For example”即把本题句子的内容具体化了，所以应选择“call the police”，而不是其他。

【答案】B
18.A.work B.burden C.service
D.trouble
【解析】本题考查学生根据上下文进行推理判断的能力。

因为“we report to the police”，所以应是出现一些不良现象或犯罪情况，如：“someone destroying poverty”，因此应选择“look for trouble”，选项B的意思是“负担”，此处也不合适。

【答案】D
19.A.produce B.find C.get D.help
【解析】本题考查学生对文章的理解能力和根据上下文进行判断的能力。

根据上下文，特别是后面一句中“agree”一词，说明Alex和她丈夫的观点是一致的，因此19、20两题相互提示、相互补充，那么在19题中应理解为“巡视小组对减少犯罪有很大帮助”，而不是“产生很多（A）”“发现很多（B）”，或“得到很多（C）”。

【答案】D
20.A.anything B.evening C.harm D.wrong
【解析】本题考查学生根据上下文进行推理判断的能力。

前面讲到巡视小组对控制犯罪帮助很大，此处接着阐述这一观点，即“警察（在维护治安中）很重要，但他们不可能做好一切。

”
【答案】B
二
1.A.serious ual C.similar mon
【解析】从上文的提示“try to remember a solution from the last time”，表明
人们一旦遇上类似的问题，首先想到的是上次碰到这类问题的解决办法。

只有问题“类似”，才会想到“上一次”的办法。

【答案】C
2.A.Besides B.Instead C.Otherwise D.However
【解析】下文用however表示转折，表明作者观点：有时靠老办法往往不灵，于是人们便开始分析问题，寻找新的解决途径。

【答案】D
3.A.ways B.conditions C.stages D.orders
【解析】从下文的列举看，作者讲的是解决问题的六个阶段，且层层深入(stage：a period in a course of events)，而不是在阐述解决问题的六个办法、条件、顺序。

【答案】C
4.A.First ually
C.In general
D.Most importantly
【解析】下文next，finally等表明作者在列举分析问题、解决问题的几个步骤，故填first(首先)，与下文呼应。

【答案】A
5.A.explain B.prove C.show D.see
【解析】作为分析的第一步，Sam必须查看自行车的毛病出在哪儿。

see 在此的含义是：examine or recognize by looking。

【答案】D
6.A.check B.determine C.correct D.recover
【解析】determine在这里意为“断定、确定”的意思，因为只有断定哪个部分有问题，才会找到针对性的解决办法。

【答案】B
7.A.answers B.skills C.explanation
rmation
【解析】下文he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes，talked to his friends at the bike shop，表明Sam是在查找有关自行车修理的资料和信息。

【答案】D
8.A.possible B.exact C.real D.special
【解析】此时的解决方案尚未确定，故只能是possible solutions，下文 a possible solution有暗示。

【答案】A
9.A.In other words B.Once in a while
C.First of all
D.At this time
【解析】at this time表示Sam断定车闸出了毛病的同时即查找修理车闸的资料。

【答案】D
10.A.look for B.talk to C.agree with D.depend on
【解析】此处用talk to表明Sam与自行车店的朋友通过交谈了解修理自行车车闸的有关资料、信息。

【答案】B
11.A.discussing B.settling down paring with D.studying
【解析】上文Sam所做的一切均属于studying(学习、研究)的行为。

【答案】D
12.A.extra B.enough C.several
D.countless
【解析】下文所举的tighten or loosen the brakes；buy new brakes and change the old ones表明此处应填several。

【答案】C
13.A.secondly B.again C.also D.alone
【解析】作者再次以Sam修自行车为例，说明确定问题所在之后如何解决问题，有一些意见、建议可供选择。

【答案】B
14.A.suggestion B.conclusion C.decision D.discovery
【解析】上文表明有一些建议可供选择，但最终导致解决问题似乎只有其中的一条。

【答案】A
15.A.next B.clear C.final D.new
【解析】从下文举例看，有时导致解决问题最后的主意纯属意外。

【答案】C
16.A.unexpectedly te C.clearly D.often
【解析】上文提到Sam解决自行车车闸问题有几条建议可供选择：拧紧或放松车闸，买新车闸，更换旧车闸，这时Sam突然发现车闸不灵的原因是一块口香糖将车闸粘住了，最终导致解决问题的办法便是意料之外了。

【答案】A
17.A.simple B.different C.quick D.sudden
【解析】车闸问题的意外发现使Sam立即采取了完全不同的解决办法(既非拧紧或放松车闸，亦非更换车闸)。

【答案】B
18.A.fortunately B.easily C.clearly
D.immediately
【解析】发现了问题的症结所在，解决问题便当机立断，毫不迟疑。

【答案】D
19.A.clean B.separate C.loosen D.remove
【解析】既然口香糖粘住了车闸，只需清洗干净就可解决问题。

【答案】A
20.A.recorded pleted C.tested D.accepted
【解析】Sam的解决办法经过“检验(test)”获得了成功，他的问题解决了。

【答案】C。