2020届上海市第二中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析

2020届上海市第二中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The Middler
by Kirsty Applebaum
Eleven-year-old Maggie lives in Fennis Wick, enclosed and protected from the outside world. Her brother Jed is the eldest, a hero. Her younger brother is Trig—everyone loves Trig. But Maggie's just a middler；she is left behind. In this book, we experience the sadness of being the forgotten middle child, the child with no voice, even in her own family.
Dennis in Jurassic Bark
by Nigel Auchterlounie
Beanotown is in trouble again, and this time the danger is Jurassic! Dennis，latest adventure is filled with fun, including Vikings, Victorians and soon, along with puzzles for you to finish. Can you help Dennis save Beanotown from the prehistoric invasion?
Little Book for Big Changes
by Karen Ng and Kirsten Liepmann
Including more than 100 activities, try-outs, games, puzzles and tips,Little Book for Big Changesoffers fun and creative ways to bring people together to help change the world. Understand more about big problems in the world such as inequality and climate change, and be empowered to help make the world a better place.
The Saga of Erik the Viking
by Terry Jones
In this illustrated story, Erik the Viking sets out with his trusty team of men in search of the land where the Sun goes at night. On his journey, he will meet adventures that will put his courage to the test.
1. Who told a story about an unseen child in a family?
A. Terry Jones.
B. Kirsty Applebaum.
C. Nigel Auchterlounie.
D. Karen Ng and Kirsten Liepmann.
2. Which book is proper for kids who love prehistoric-related stories?
A.The Middler.
B.Little Book for Big Changes.
C.Dennis in Jurassic Bark.
D.The Saga of Erik the Viking.
3. What is special aboutLittle Book for Big Changes"!
A. It is about two people.
B. It is an adventure book.
C. It has picturesinside to help kids read.
D. It teaches kids to care for the world.
B
Remember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be moresalutaryto your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.
Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in chocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.
Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), andprotects against tooth decay.
Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective effect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar content, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.
4. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?
A. Beneficial.
B. Harmful.
C. Familiar.
D. Useless.
5. What can we know about the compound CBH in chocolate?
A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.
B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.
C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.
D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.
6. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?
A. By breaking down acids.
B. By building up compounds.
C. By fixing up tooth enamel.
D. By fighting against bacteria.
7. What's the main idea of the text?
A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.
B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.
C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.
D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets.
C
She is one of mankind’s oldest ancestors and is more than three million years old. New analysis of the arm bones of Lucy, an early hominid, suggests she was a tree climber. Lucy’s remains were uncovered in Ethiopia in the 1970s, with the 3.18 million-year-old skeleton(骨骼)being the most complete of any upright, walking human ancestor. Since she was discovered, researchers have debated whether she spent her life in the trees or spent time walking on the plains as well.
The new evidence from scans of her arm bones proves she spent time climbing and used her arms to pull herself up. The scans were compared with cross sections of humans and chimpanzees, which spend a mixture of time in trees and walking on all fours on the ground. They found that the arm bones were more heavily built, similar to those of chimps, while her lower limbs(下肢)would have meant she walked less efficiently than modern humans. Professor John Kappelman, atUniversityofTexas, believes the advantage of his study was that it focused on characteristics that reflect actual behavior during life, suggesting that evenwhen Lucy walked upright, she may have done so less efficiently than modern humans, limiting her ability to walk long distances on the ground.
Previous studies suggested that Lucy was just 4 feet tall and weighed just 65 pounds. Combining the new data paints a picture of an ancestor who may have spent a great amount of her time in trees. It also expands on evidence from earlier this year which claimed that Lucy may have died from a fall, most likely from a tree. The evidence suggests Lucy may have spent time on the ground, returning to the safety of the trees for food and to sleep, to avoid her enemies.
8. What did the researchers argue about after Lucy was discovered?
A. Where she lived.
B. How long she lived.
C. What she ate.
D. How she worked.
9. How could people tell Lucy spent time climbing?
A. By her walking style.
B. By her heavily built arm bones.
C. By her strong lower limbs.
D. By her large cross sections.
10. When Lucy walked, she may________.
A. have walked with bigger steps
B. have walked at a faster speed
C. have walked more efficiently than us
D. have walked a shorter distance than us
11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Guesses about Lucy’s characteristics.
B. Some evidence of Lucy’s health.
C. The safety of Lucy.
D. The ancestor of Lucy.
D
Back about 20 months ago I started college and just struggled with everything, such as classes and friends. I quickly became depressed and angry at myself for not being about to do better in school, in addition to lack of friends due to poor social and communication skills.
This went on for months until my 19th birthday. My parents sent me a cake, which was a great cake. But I remember having this large cake and ly no one to share it with. I ended throwing out the cake after having one piece, with about 90 % of it leftover. That night I was depressed that I decided to go outside to the freezing temperature of the winter and run. I put my earphones in, went outside and ran about 2 miles at 11 p.m. on my birthday.
When I got back inside I was content. I was proud of what I was able to do. The next night I did the same. I wasn’t quick or fit but you know that I went outside and did something. This continued for about 2 months until I finally worked up the courage to go to the gym, where I started swimming again as I used to in high school. A month went by and I started lifting weights and continually running.
Looking back I can see that exercise helped cure my depression but it didn’t only do that. At the gym I met new friends and back at my dorm I grew confidence to go to the end of the hall seeing people playing Super Smash Brothers and ask if I could join.
So go forward to present now. I exercise every day and look forward to that hour and a half I get daily to do what I love with people who love it as well. I hope this helps someone who may be or have been in a similar situation.
12. What made the author decide to run at night?
A. His l9th birthday.
B. His parents’ cake.
C. His loneliness.
D. His friends.
13. Which of the following best describes the author?
A. Traditional.
B. Determined.
C. Humorous.
D. Generous.
14. What is the biggest benefit of the author’s running?
A. Regaining his confidence.
B. Losing his weight.
C. Playing with his brothers.
D. Joining other activities.
15. Why do you think the author wrote this passage?
A. To recall his life in college.
B. To show his gratitude to his parents.
C. To emphasize the importance of friendship.
D. To share his experience of dealing with hardship.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项You're readingThe Week Juniormagazine right now, which means you enjoy finding out about news and interesting stories.____16____Because it's full of things that affect you and your classmates.
If your school doesn't have a newspaper or magazine, speak to a teacher and tell them why it would be a good idea.____17____It can also bring pupils，teachers, parents and carers together. For the people who make the newspaper, it teaches them about writing, being creative, teamwork, computer skills, listening to each other and being responsible.
A good way to start is with a meeting for the people whowant to help. Talk about which school stories you would like to appear in the newspaper, who would be the best person to write them and which photographs and images you can use.____18____
One person-or maybe two or three——might want to be the editor. The editor's job is to decide things like a headline to go with each story and what goes on the front page.
Making the newspaper on a computer doesn't have to be complicated.____19____You can make changes as the stories and pictures come together, and don't be afraid to move things around to make the pages look better.
____20____If printing the pages is difficult or expensive, the publication could be sent out in a digital format through the school's email system or displayed as a blog on the school website.
A. Don't forget to decide on a name for the newspaper too!
B. Try one issue a term so that you will learn more next term.
C. It allows students to discuss events that have happened or are happening.
D. Making a school newspaper is a fun way to create your own publication.
E. You can use simple systems like Microsoft Word, Publisher or Powerpoint.
F. Keep things simple at the beginning, with maybe four pages for the first issue.
G. A visit to the office of a local newspaper would be a great experience for your team.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项It's often said that you can judge a person by looking at what's on their bookshelves. Well,when I asked myself this question a few years ago, I made a(n)___21___discovery. Pretty much all the___22___on my bookshelves were written by British authors, and there was almost nothing in translation from other___23___. What a shame! So, I decided to begin my______24______reading project.
But how could I find books from much of the rest of the world? I had to ask for___25___. So in October 2011, I started my blog, and I___26___a short appeal (呼吁) online. Within hours, people began to___27___. At first, it was friends and colleagues. Then it was friends of friends. And soon, it was___28___.
Four days later, I got a(n)___29___from a woman called Rafidah in Kuala Lumpur. She said she loved myproject,____30____if she could go to her local English-language bookshop and choose my Malaysian book and post it to me. I____31____accepted, and a few weeks later, a package____32____containing nothing but two books—Rafidah's choice from Malaysia, and a book from Singapore that she had also____33____for me. At the time, I was____34____that a stranger more than 6,000 miles away would go to such lengths to help someone she would probably never____35____.
But Rafidah's kindness____36____to be the pattern for that year. Time and again, people went out of their____37____to help me. And books often came from____38____sources. A writer even emailed me an unpublished translation of his novel to me, allowing me to become one of the____39____people ever to read that book in English.
That year, thanks to kind strangers from the four____40____of the world. I read books from over 100 countries.
21. A.pleasing B.shocking C.exciting D.touching
22. A.books B.dictionaries C.photos D.discs
23. A.accents B.cultures C.backgrounds nguages
24. A.national B.global C.official D.beneficial
25. A.money B.direction C.help D.permission
26. A.posted B.returned C.received D.searched
27. e into view B.get in touch C.take no notice e to life
28. A.stars B.writers C.strangers D.adults
29. A.parcel B.gift C.envelope D.message
30. A.wondering B.doubting C.worrying D.realizing
31. A.awkwardly B.unwillingly C.happily D.confidently
32. A.rose B.arrived C.dropped D.fell
33. A.picked out e across C.given away D.dealt with
34. A.confused B.curious C.frightened D.amazed
35. A.meet B.attract C.hurt D.ignore
36. A.appeared B.happened C.proved D.recognized
37. A.home pany C.business D.way
38. eful B.surprising C.familiar mon
39. A.best st C.first test
40. A.corners B.squares C.oceans D.sides
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The benefits of doing jigsaw puzzles are abundant (充裕的),___41.___may be surprising for such a seemingly idle activity. It is___42.___(help) not just for fighting boredom, but also for your mental health.
Many people choose puzzles___43.___(take) a break from the stresses of everyday life. For those troubled by___44.___(anxious), doing puzzles can be calming.
___45.___some turn to doing puzzles as a break from more social activities, it can just as___46.___(easy) be used to increase socialization between family members. When a teenager who usually spends a lot of time___47.___the phone takes the time to do a puzzle with his or her family, there is a chance to make connections that last much longer than___48.___(work) out the puzzle itself.
The connections with family members that___49.___(form) over a short period can be the bridge to talking about____50.____(big) problems, such as personal challenges some may have felt uncomfortable talking about
before.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.单句改错
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

Only if we do enough self-protection, we stay away from Covid-19.
I’m working on my essay. Would you mind turn down your music a little bit?
Sometimes, I start the second declaration first and sometimes, I start the first declaration the second time. Simon is such responsible a boy that he is chosen chairman of the Student Union.
As time going by, the virus will probably become weaker and less active.
We are still in the middle of 2020, that is considered to be an eventful year.
Apart from self-protection, we have no choice but wait for the vaccine.
To avoid be trapped in heavy traffic at the rush hour, I usually take the subway to work.
Henry became addictive to online games, which had a bad effect on his schoolwork.
Quite a lot of species have been died out so far, resulting from urbanization.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，是学生英文报“Advice”栏目的编辑。

你收到一封署名为Worried Friend的来信。

信中该同学诉说了自己的困扰；进入高中后经常感到压力大，晚上睡不好，影响了正常的学习和生活。

请用英文给该同学写一封回信。

内容包括；
1.表示理解并给予安慰；
2.提出建议并说明理由。

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. D 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. F
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32.
B 33. A 34. D 35. A 36.
C 37.
D 38. B 39. C 40. A
41. which;
42. helpful;
43. to take;
44. anxiety;
45. Although/Though/While;
46. easily;
47. on; 48. working;
49. are formed;
50. bigger
51.(1). 在if后加will
(2). turn→turning
(3). 最后一个the→a
(4). such→so
(5). going→goes
(6). that→which
(7). 在but后加to
(8). be→being
(9). addictive→addicted
(10). 去掉been
【81题详解】
考查部分倒装。

句意：只有我们做足够的自我保护，我们才能远离Covid-19。

分析句子，only if 译为“只要……就，只有”，放句首时后面的句子要部分倒装(助动词/be 动词/情态动词+主语)。

分析句意，此处的时态应用一般将来时，所以此处需在主语前加将来时的助动词will。

故在if和we之间加will。

【82题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：我正在写我的论文。

你介意把音乐关小一点吗? would you mind doing sth 介意做某事吗，是固定短语。

故将turn改为turing。

【83题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：有时，我先开始第二次声明，有时，我再次开始第一次声明。

分析句子,the +序数词表示第……；a/an+序数词表示再一,又一。

根据句意，后句应表示“再次开始第一次声明”。

故将第二the 改为a。

【84题详解】
考查副词。

句意：西蒙是一个很负责任的男孩，他被选为学生会主席。

分析句子，such的词性是形容不可修饰responsible(负责的)；副词可以修饰形容词。

故将such改为so。

【85题详解】
考查时态。

句意：随着时间的推移，病毒可能会变得越来越弱，越来越不活跃。

as译为“随着”后接句子，动词要体现时态。

分析句子，此处表示客观实在性。

所以go的时态要用一般现在时。

go的主语是不可数名词。

故将going改为goes。

【86题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。

句意：我们还处在2020年年中，被认为是多事之秋。

分析句子，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，而关系代词that不能引导“非限”，此处先行词指物。

故将that改为which。

【87题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：除了自我保护，我们别无选择，只能等待疫苗。

分析句子，have no choice but to do sth 译为“别无选择只能……”是固定短语。

故在but和wait间加to。

【88题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：为了避免在高峰时间被困在拥挤的交通中，我通常乘地铁去上班。

avoid doing sth 译为“避免做某事”是固定短语。

故将be改为being。

【89题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：亨利沉迷于网络游戏，这对他的学业造成了不良影响。

be/ become addicted to (doing) sth 译为沉迷（做）某事。

是固定短语。

故将addictive改为addicted。

【90题详解】
考查主动语态。

句意：由于城市化，到目前为止已经有很多物种灭绝了。

分析句子，die out 译为“灭绝；消失”没有被动语态。

故been多余，应去掉
52.略。