2019届二轮复习语法专题 情态动词与虚拟语气 学案(3页)

2019届二轮复习情态动词与虚拟语气学案

1．—I didn“t apologize to him for being unable to inform him of the change in the plan.—But you________.

A．ought to haveB．have toC．shouldD．must have

答案A[句意：——我并没有因为没能告诉他计划中的变化而向他道歉。——但是你应该道歉。根据but可知此处用ought to have＝ought to have done表示(过去)本该做却未做；B.have to不得不；C.should应该，表现在或将来之意；D.must have(done )(过去)一定做了某事。]

2．Do you know Herbie？I“m always running into him；he________live nearby.

A．wouldB．needC．mustD．should

答案C[考查情态动词。句意：你认识Herbie吗？我总是遇见他，他肯定住在附近，表示比较肯定的推测用must。]

3．________a little earlier this morning！I missed the bus by only a minute and waited half anhour for another.

A．If I had got upB．If I got upC．If only I had got upD．If only I got up答案

C[句意：今天早晨我如果早点起床的话就好了！那辆公共汽车我只耽误了一分钟，等另一辆车等了半小时。根据第二句可知第一句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以空格处的谓语动词应用had done；if only...相当于how I wish...，意为：要是……的话就好了，但愿……。]

4．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?

—Ifyoucanhelpdosomehouseworkthewholevacation，

you________haveoneasareward.

A．mustB．needC．wouldD．shall

答案D[句意：——妈妈，你能给我买一个MP5吗？——如果整个假期你能帮着做家务的话，你可以得到一个(MP5)作为奖励。shall此处表允诺。must必须，need需要，would愿意，均不符合语境。]

5．—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?

—The trees________well，but I didn“t water them.

A．might growB．needn“t have gro wnC．would have grownD．would grow

答案C[句意：——我们上周种的小树怎么了？——(如果我浇水的话)那些树会长得很好，但是我没浇水。根据but后的分句可知空格处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，补全原句为：If I had watered them，the trees would have grown well，but I didn“t water them.。]6．When he was there，he________go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A．mustB．ShouldC．wouldD．might

答案C[考查情态动词。句意：当他还在那儿时，每天下班后都会去街角的咖啡店。根据语境可知此处应用would表示过去常常。]

7．If he________that he________to work there then，everything would be OK now.A．insisted；be sentB．insisted；was sent

D．had insisted；was sent

C．had insisted；be sent

答案C[考查动词时态和虚拟语气的用法。当insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用(should)do，由此可以排除B、D 两项；另外，从句表示对过去已经发生的事情的虚拟，谓语动词要用haddone 的形式，因此C项正确。]

8．________it rain tomorrow，we would have to cancel the football match.

A．WereB．WouldC．WillD．Should

答案D[考查虚拟语气和倒装语序。句意：如果明天下雨，我们将不得不取消足球比赛。前半句是对将来情况的虚拟，正常语序是“If it should rain tomorrow”。省略if后，要将should提到主语之前，引起倒装。]

9．I actually believe that we________in Xi“an now if you hadn“t been caught drunk driving

last month.

A．would beB．would have beenC．wereD．had been

答案A[考查虚拟语气。句意：事实上，我认为如果上个月你没因酒驾被逮住的话，我们现在就在西安呢。if从句中的时间状语为过去时间(last month)，而主句的时间状语为now，所以主句是对现在事实的虚拟，应为wouldbe。本题为“错综时间虚拟条件句”。]

10．The weather turned out to be fine.I________the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.A．should have taken

C．mustn“t have takenB．needn“t have taken

D．could have taken

答案B[句意：结果天气可以，我本不必费那么大劲带着雨伞的。根据turned可知是叙述过去的情况，根据语境可知用needn“t have done本不必做却做了；A表示本该做却没做；D表示本来能够……，C项形式不正确。]

11．—We would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.

—Sorry，I________.I have another appointment.

A．won“t B．shan“tC．can“tD．mustn“t

答案C[考查情态动词用法。根据下文“I have another appointment”可知，我不可能留下来吃午饭。can“t意为“不可能”，符合题意。]

12．—Has your brother found a job?

—Not yet.There are many jobs that he________do but he seems unwilling to do anything.A．shallB．couldC．mustD．should