情态动词和虚拟语气
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• — Who __ca_nit be?
• — Got it ? It is Mary.
肯定句：
must,
may
否定句,疑问句：can’t , couldn’t, may not
情态动词的特殊用法
1. 情态动词表推测： 对肯定,把握性很大情况的推测： must be /do(现在或将来) must be doing(说话时正在进行) must have done. (已发生的或状态) 对否定情况的推测： can /could not be /do(现在或将来) can't /couldn't be doing(正在发生的动作) can /could not have done. (过去的动作或状态)
• — Who is knocking at the door?
• — It __m_u_s_t_ be Tom.He said he would come
at this time.
• — It _c_a_n_’tbe him. He has gone abroad. • — It _m__a_y be John, but I am not sure.
【答案及解析】1. D 考查情态动词的用法。句意为 “——你的新保姆怎么样？”“——找不到更好的 了 。 我 们 的 孩 子 们 都 很 喜 欢 她 。 ” should 应 该 ； might可能，可以；mustn't禁止；couldn't不可能。
2. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______.(2010浙江卷)
1．准确把握情态动词表允许、推测、判断等用法。
2．准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气句子结构中的使用。 3．wish，as if/though，if only，would rather＋从句，It’s time＋从句等句型中的虚拟语气。
4．表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”的词语后及各类从句 中的虚拟语气。
5．虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装。
—Must I work out the problem tonight? —No，you needn’t.
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法
3. must (1)(表示义务、必要性、命令)必须，得，要。 You must do as you are told. 你必须按照吩咐去做。 (2)表强烈的劝告。 (3)表把握性很大的推测。 (4)must not表禁止，不允许。表示禁止(用于否定句) You must not speak ill of others. Cars mustn't be parked here.
On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing. (3)表意愿或固执坚持，事情作主语表固有的性质
I told him to come,but he wouldn’t come.
The door won’t open.（表特定情况下事物的倾向性）
• 7. used to ,need, dare 的用法 • used to do sth 过去常常做某事(意思现在不做了) • I used to get up early and take an hour's walk before
情态动词
情态动词的基本用法
1. 情态动词不能独立作谓语，其后接动词原形。 2. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 3. 情态动词一般没有时态的变化。 4. 情态动词接动词原形表描述现在或将来发生的动作 或状态(modal verb＋ be / do, modal verb ＋ be doing)， 情态动词接动词不定式的完成式表描述过去发生的动 作或状态(modal verb ＋ have done)。
常考情态动词的用法
5. should (1). should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责
任或义务，译作“应该”、“应当”，这时它可以和 ought to， be supposed to 互换使用。 You should （= are supposed to ） complete your test in time. You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once. In sum， theory should be combined with practice (2)(表惊讶、遗憾)竟然；居然。 It's a pity that he should resign.
注 意 ： may 作 “ 可 以 ” 讲 时 ， 其 否 定 式 常 用 “mustn’t”表示“禁止”；must作“必须”讲时， 其否定式是“needn’t”，表示“不必”。
—May I use your car? —No，you mustn’t.(委婉的拒绝可用：Sorry，but I
am using it now.或You’d better not.等)
A. may B. can C. should D. would
6. will /would (1)表请求，would用疑问句多与you连用比will更委
婉，客气。
Would you please tell me the way to Hongxing School?
(2)表习惯性或反复性的动作，will指现在，would 指过去的习惯＝used to。
4. The doctor recommended that you ______ swim after eating a large meal.(2009浙江卷)
A. wouldn't
B. couldn't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
【答案及解析】4. D 考查虚拟语气。根据句子中的 recommended(推荐)可知，从句应用“should ＋ 动词 原形” 表示虚拟，且此句为否定句。
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法
(5)must的一般疑问句的否定回答用needn't或don't have to。 (6)(表固执，不满等)偏偏，硬要，偏要表示与说话人愿望 相反及不耐烦。 Our threeyearold boy must do the opposite to what we ordered. Must you make so much noise? (7)(表必然性)必定。 Everyone must die. 每个人都必定会死。
2012年高考将重点考查情态动词表“推测和可能性、必要性、 请求、允许、允诺”，非真实条件虚拟语气和名词性从句的 虚拟语气的运用。
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 1. can, could (1)表能力(＝be able to)。注意区别？ (2)表许可＝may。请求允许时，用can或may,在给予别人许 可时，常用can，但有时也用may。不能用might。 ——May I play basketball this afternoon? ——No，you may/can not. (3)表客气的请求，could比can更委婉。 (4)表推测，仅用于否定句和问句。肯定句中用什么？
3. “You ______ have a wrong number，”
she said. “There's no one of that name here.”(2010浙 江卷)
A. need
B. can
C. must
D. would
【答案及解析】3. C 考查情态动词。情态动词如果 表示非常肯定的推测要用must。句意为：“你肯定打 错电话了，”她说，“我们这里没有一个叫那个名字 的人。”
breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。 Dare 敢 Dare she tell him what she thinks about him? She daren’t say anything. She doesn’t dare to say anything. Need 需要 He needs to see a doctor. She needs a good rest. I don’t need to see a doctor./ Do you need to go now？ Need I lock the door when I leave?
常考情态动词的用法
（4）表示可能性、推测、推论或期待)可能,该 表示对现在情况、将来情况的推测。 They should be home by now. The book you need should be in our library. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack should be here at any moment. -When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. - They ___ be ready by 12:00.
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 4. shall (1)用于第一、三人称表征求意见，请求指示。 Shall I get some chalk?
Shall she go to the concert with us this evening?
He has come. Shall he wait outside or come in? (2)用于第二、三人称， 表示说话人的命令、强制、允诺、 威胁或决心等， 多见于法律条文等文件中。 Don't worry. You shall get the answer this very afternoon. (允 诺) He shall be sorry one day. I tell you. (警告) Every driver shall be punished if he drives after drinking.
专题七：情态动词来自百度文库虚拟语气
1. — How's your new babysitter?
— We ______ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. (2011浙江卷)
A. should
B. might
C. mustn't
D. couldn't
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 (2)表可能性，may比might可能性更大。 (3)may / might as well ＋ v. 最好，满可以，倒不如 You may as well wait till Tuesday and go on a fast train.
(4)表祝愿，祈求。 May you succeed！ (5)(用于让步状语从句中)即使；无 论。 Whatever he may say，I don't believe him.
How could you do such a silly thing? Whose hand could it be? (5)(表示可能、许可)能够……；
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 (6)can't / couldn't ＋v. ＋ too ＋adj. / adv. can’t/couldn’t+v.+adj./adv+enough 再怎么……也不过分 You can’t be too careful while driving . can't / couldn't but do. Can’t help but do 只好，不得不,不能不… can't help doing禁不住做…… 2. may, might (1)表允许，许可＝can如：You may go home now, Susan.
A. would have been saved B. had been saved
C. will be saved
D. was saved
【答案及解析】2. A 考查虚拟语气。根据句子的倒 装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______. 句意为：如果我早知道这 个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。
• — Got it ? It is Mary.
肯定句：
must,
may
否定句,疑问句：can’t , couldn’t, may not
情态动词的特殊用法
1. 情态动词表推测： 对肯定,把握性很大情况的推测： must be /do(现在或将来) must be doing(说话时正在进行) must have done. (已发生的或状态) 对否定情况的推测： can /could not be /do(现在或将来) can't /couldn't be doing(正在发生的动作) can /could not have done. (过去的动作或状态)
• — Who is knocking at the door?
• — It __m_u_s_t_ be Tom.He said he would come
at this time.
• — It _c_a_n_’tbe him. He has gone abroad. • — It _m__a_y be John, but I am not sure.
【答案及解析】1. D 考查情态动词的用法。句意为 “——你的新保姆怎么样？”“——找不到更好的 了 。 我 们 的 孩 子 们 都 很 喜 欢 她 。 ” should 应 该 ； might可能，可以；mustn't禁止；couldn't不可能。
2. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______.(2010浙江卷)
1．准确把握情态动词表允许、推测、判断等用法。
2．准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气句子结构中的使用。 3．wish，as if/though，if only，would rather＋从句，It’s time＋从句等句型中的虚拟语气。
4．表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”的词语后及各类从句 中的虚拟语气。
5．虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装。
—Must I work out the problem tonight? —No，you needn’t.
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法
3. must (1)(表示义务、必要性、命令)必须，得，要。 You must do as you are told. 你必须按照吩咐去做。 (2)表强烈的劝告。 (3)表把握性很大的推测。 (4)must not表禁止，不允许。表示禁止(用于否定句) You must not speak ill of others. Cars mustn't be parked here.
On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing. (3)表意愿或固执坚持，事情作主语表固有的性质
I told him to come,but he wouldn’t come.
The door won’t open.（表特定情况下事物的倾向性）
• 7. used to ,need, dare 的用法 • used to do sth 过去常常做某事(意思现在不做了) • I used to get up early and take an hour's walk before
情态动词
情态动词的基本用法
1. 情态动词不能独立作谓语，其后接动词原形。 2. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 3. 情态动词一般没有时态的变化。 4. 情态动词接动词原形表描述现在或将来发生的动作 或状态(modal verb＋ be / do, modal verb ＋ be doing)， 情态动词接动词不定式的完成式表描述过去发生的动 作或状态(modal verb ＋ have done)。
常考情态动词的用法
5. should (1). should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责
任或义务，译作“应该”、“应当”，这时它可以和 ought to， be supposed to 互换使用。 You should （= are supposed to ） complete your test in time. You should （= ought to ） tell your mother about it at once. In sum， theory should be combined with practice (2)(表惊讶、遗憾)竟然；居然。 It's a pity that he should resign.
注 意 ： may 作 “ 可 以 ” 讲 时 ， 其 否 定 式 常 用 “mustn’t”表示“禁止”；must作“必须”讲时， 其否定式是“needn’t”，表示“不必”。
—May I use your car? —No，you mustn’t.(委婉的拒绝可用：Sorry，but I
am using it now.或You’d better not.等)
A. may B. can C. should D. would
6. will /would (1)表请求，would用疑问句多与you连用比will更委
婉，客气。
Would you please tell me the way to Hongxing School?
(2)表习惯性或反复性的动作，will指现在，would 指过去的习惯＝used to。
4. The doctor recommended that you ______ swim after eating a large meal.(2009浙江卷)
A. wouldn't
B. couldn't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
【答案及解析】4. D 考查虚拟语气。根据句子中的 recommended(推荐)可知，从句应用“should ＋ 动词 原形” 表示虚拟，且此句为否定句。
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法
(5)must的一般疑问句的否定回答用needn't或don't have to。 (6)(表固执，不满等)偏偏，硬要，偏要表示与说话人愿望 相反及不耐烦。 Our threeyearold boy must do the opposite to what we ordered. Must you make so much noise? (7)(表必然性)必定。 Everyone must die. 每个人都必定会死。
2012年高考将重点考查情态动词表“推测和可能性、必要性、 请求、允许、允诺”，非真实条件虚拟语气和名词性从句的 虚拟语气的运用。
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 1. can, could (1)表能力(＝be able to)。注意区别？ (2)表许可＝may。请求允许时，用can或may,在给予别人许 可时，常用can，但有时也用may。不能用might。 ——May I play basketball this afternoon? ——No，you may/can not. (3)表客气的请求，could比can更委婉。 (4)表推测，仅用于否定句和问句。肯定句中用什么？
3. “You ______ have a wrong number，”
she said. “There's no one of that name here.”(2010浙 江卷)
A. need
B. can
C. must
D. would
【答案及解析】3. C 考查情态动词。情态动词如果 表示非常肯定的推测要用must。句意为：“你肯定打 错电话了，”她说，“我们这里没有一个叫那个名字 的人。”
breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。 Dare 敢 Dare she tell him what she thinks about him? She daren’t say anything. She doesn’t dare to say anything. Need 需要 He needs to see a doctor. She needs a good rest. I don’t need to see a doctor./ Do you need to go now？ Need I lock the door when I leave?
常考情态动词的用法
（4）表示可能性、推测、推论或期待)可能,该 表示对现在情况、将来情况的推测。 They should be home by now. The book you need should be in our library. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack should be here at any moment. -When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. - They ___ be ready by 12:00.
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 4. shall (1)用于第一、三人称表征求意见，请求指示。 Shall I get some chalk?
Shall she go to the concert with us this evening?
He has come. Shall he wait outside or come in? (2)用于第二、三人称， 表示说话人的命令、强制、允诺、 威胁或决心等， 多见于法律条文等文件中。 Don't worry. You shall get the answer this very afternoon. (允 诺) He shall be sorry one day. I tell you. (警告) Every driver shall be punished if he drives after drinking.
专题七：情态动词来自百度文库虚拟语气
1. — How's your new babysitter?
— We ______ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. (2011浙江卷)
A. should
B. might
C. mustn't
D. couldn't
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 (2)表可能性，may比might可能性更大。 (3)may / might as well ＋ v. 最好，满可以，倒不如 You may as well wait till Tuesday and go on a fast train.
(4)表祝愿，祈求。 May you succeed！ (5)(用于让步状语从句中)即使；无 论。 Whatever he may say，I don't believe him.
How could you do such a silly thing? Whose hand could it be? (5)(表示可能、许可)能够……；
情态动词 常考情态动词的用法 (6)can't / couldn't ＋v. ＋ too ＋adj. / adv. can’t/couldn’t+v.+adj./adv+enough 再怎么……也不过分 You can’t be too careful while driving . can't / couldn't but do. Can’t help but do 只好，不得不,不能不… can't help doing禁不住做…… 2. may, might (1)表允许，许可＝can如：You may go home now, Susan.
A. would have been saved B. had been saved
C. will be saved
D. was saved
【答案及解析】2. A 考查虚拟语气。根据句子的倒 装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气，原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______. 句意为：如果我早知道这 个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。