高中英语分词语法(46张ppt)

Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined. 在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。
3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语, 相当于一个非限制性定语从句, 这时, 它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：
• The house built over there is a shop. （被动、已建好）
•
三、-ing形式作表语(Predicative) -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后, 用来泛指 某种动作或行为, 以说明主语的身份、性质或 情况。如： Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children.
The excited people rushed out of the building. They found a damaged car at the gate of the park.
(2) 所表示的时间
过去分词作定语时，所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动 作之前发生，(或者没有一定的时间性)。
有关人士
the changing world （正在变化的） the changed world （变化了的） boiling water boiled water
（正在沸腾的） （已经沸腾过的） (正在凋谢的)
（已经凋谢的）
fading flowers faded flowers
a developing country a developed country
He is interested in the book. What a surprising result! I am surprised at what he said.
Compete the sentences using the right form of the given verb.
bored (bore) and 1. I had nothing to do. I was __________ lonely. 2. Jack looked even more amazed _______ (amaze) than he
the whole night.
那老板让工人整夜地工作。
3) 当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作 宾语补足语的便转换为主语补足语。如： They found the result very satisfying.
= The result is found very satisfying.
这个结果很令人满意。
2. –ing 形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的 名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个 定语从句。如：
• • • • • • • They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
felt. disappointing 3. The results were very _____________ (disappoint).
satisfied 4. I was thanked by the _____________ (satisfy) customer. dressed (dress) in red is my daughter. 5. The girl ___________
worrying等。
四、 过去分词作表语 (Predicative) (1) 过去分词作表语时，多表示主语所处的状态。 The door remained locked. She looked disappointed. He seemed quite delighted at the good news.
我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。 She was very pleasing in her appearance.
常见作表语的现在分词有： disappointing, puzzling, amusing, frightening, terrifying exciting, interesting, tiring, confusing, pleasing,discouraging, satisfying, inspiring,
We found the snake eating the eggs. We found the cake eaten up by the boys. I found a bag lying on the ground. I found a bag put on the ground. The boss kept the workers working
tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 比较: a swimming pool a swimming boy a sleeping car a sleeping baby
一、-ing形式作定语（attribute） 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于 被修饰名词的前面, 既可以表示被修饰 者的作用或功能, 也可以表示被修饰者 的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料
drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台
disappointed, drunk, amused, frightened, married, excited, experienced, interested, confused, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried等。
常见作表语的过去分词有：源自Cleaning women in big cities
usually get ____ by the hour. A. pay C C. paid B. paying D. to pay
该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被 动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get
organised 6. Last Monday our class went on an ____________ (organise) trip.
五、-ing形式和过去分词作宾语补足语 1) 位置：常放在宾语后面,
-ing形式表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,
强调一个过程或一种状态。 过去分词表示被动，如： 1）When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 2.I saw many people injured in the accident.
His brother, working as a teacher, lives
in Beijing. = His brother, who is working
as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。
The apple tree, swaying gently in the
breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
= The apple tree, which was swaying
gently in the breeze, had a good crop
of fruit. 那棵苹果树硕果累累, 在微风中轻轻摇曳。
二、过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
* He is one of those invited. * Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.
过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody， those 等不定代词时，要放在这些词后面。
(发展中的)
（发达的）
a drowning man
a drowned man
快要淹死的人 已经淹死的人 正在飘落的树叶
落叶 退休工人
falling leaves
fallen leaves
a retired worker
returned students
an escaped prisoner
逃犯
归国留学生
(1) 在句中的位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代 词前面；过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名 词或代词后面。
a broken heart a lost dog a risen sun an organized trip a broken glass
一颗破碎的心 丧家之犬 已升起的太阳 有组织的旅行 被打破的玻璃杯
The stolen bike belongs to Jack.
bike which had been stolen belongs to Jack. The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.
The The
lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about the environment protection.
• I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行） • The house being built over there is a shop. (被动、正在建)
I found the boy puzzled.
=The boy was found puzzled
They heard him singing in the next room.
The letter posted yesterday will soon reach him. 比较to be done being done Have you read the books written by the young writer？
(3)语法功能
过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个 定语从句。
in the given time
在既定的时间内 用所给的单词
with the words given
a wanted person workers wanted a concerned look the people concerned be concerned with
被通缉的人
招聘工人
关切的神情
hurt , get wounded.
-ing作表语与-ed作表语的区别
The result of the test is disappointing. I feel disappointed in the result of the test.
The story is very interesting