宁波大学2018年《661基础英语》考研专业课真题试卷

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2018宁波大学661基础英语初试试卷（A卷）考研真题

2018宁波大学661基础英语初试试卷（A卷）考研真题科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语Shakespeare’s sonnets are very different from Shakespeare’s plays, but they do contain _____1_____elements and an overall sense of story. Each of the poems__2____with a highly personal theme, and each can be __3___ on its own or in relation to the poems around it. The sonnets have the feel of ___4___ poems, but we don’t know whether they deal with real events or not, because no one knows ___5___ aboutShakespeare’s life to say whether or not they deal with real events and feelings, so we tend to refer to the voice of the sonnets as “the speaker”—as ___6___ he were a dramatic creation like Hamlet or King Lear. There are certainly a number of intriguing ____7__ throughout the poems. The first 126 of the sonnets seem to be ___8___ to an unnamed young nobleman, whom the speaker loves very much; the rest of the poems (except for the last two, which seem generally unconnected to the __9___ of the sequence) seem to be addressed to a mysterious __10___ , whom the speaker loves, hates, and lusts for simultaneously. The two addressees of the sonnets are usually__11___ to as the “young man” and the “dark lady”; in summaries of individual poems, I h ave also called the young man the “beloved” and the dark lady the “lover,” especially in cases where their ____12__ can only be surmised. Within the two mini-sequences, there are a ____13___ of other discernible elements of “plot”: the speaker _14__ the young man to have children; he is forced to __15__ a separation from him; he competes with a__16___ poet for the young man’s patronage and affection. At two points in the sequence, it seems that the young man and the___17__lady are actually lovers themselves—a state of affairs with which the speaker is none too ___18___ . But while these continuities give the poems a narrative flow and a helpful frame of reference, they have been frustratingly_19____ for scholars and biographers to pin __20___ . In Shakespe are’s life, who were the young man and the dark lady?科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician mustexecute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false(F).1. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.2. There are no connectio n between mother’s nervous systems and her unborn child’s.3. According to the passage, a child may inherit a rather general ability that we call intelligence.4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will mostly become a poet.5. The best title for the passage could be “Role of Inheritance”.Section C (10 points)Read the following passage and write a summary of it within 100 words.She sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue. Her head was leaned against the window curtains, and in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was tired.Few people passed. The man out of the last house passed on his way home; she heard his footsteps clacking along the concrete pavement and afterwards crunching on the cinder path before the new red houses. One time there used to be a field there in which they used to play every evening with other people's children. Then a man from Belfast bought the field and built houses in it - not like their little科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语brown houses, but bright brick houses with shining roofs. The children of the avenue used to play together in that field - the Devines, the Waters, the Dunns, little Keogh the cripple, she and her brothers and sisters. Ernest, however, never played: he was too grown up. Her father used often to hunt them in out of the field with his blackthorn stick; but usually little Keogh used to keep nix and call out when he saw her father coming. Still they seemed to have been rather happy then. Her father was not so bad then; and besides, her mother was alive. That was a long time ago; she and her brothers and sisters were all grown up; her mother was dead. Tizzie Dunn was dead, too, and the Waters had gone back to England. Everything changes. Now she was going to go away like the others, to leave her home.Home! She looked round the room, reviewing all its familiar objects which she had dusted once a week for so many years, wondering where on earth all the dust came from. Perhaps she would never see again those familiar objects from which she had never dreamed of being divided. And yet during all those years she had never found out the name of the priest whose yellowing photograph hung on the wall above the broken harmonium beside the coloured print of the promises made to Blessed Margaret Mary Alacoque. He had been a school friend of herfather. Whenever he showed the photograph to a visitor her father used to pass it with a casual word:`He is in Melbourne now.'She had consented to go away, to leave her home. Was that wise? She tried to weigh each side of the question. In her home anyway she had shelter and food; she had those whom she had known all her life about her. Of course she had to work hard, both in the house and at business. What would they say of her in the Stores when they found out that she had run away with a fellow? Say she was a fool, perhaps; and her place would be filled up by advertisement. Miss Gavan would be glad. She had always had an edge on her, especially whenever there were people listening.`Miss Hill, don't you see these ladies are waiting?'`Look lively, Miss Hill, please.'She would not cry many tears at leaving the Stores.But in her new home, in a distant unknown country, it would not be like that. Then she would be married - she, Eveline. People would treat her with respect then. She would not be treated as her mother had been. Even now, though she was over nineteen, she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father's violence. She knew it was that that had given her the Palpitations. When they were growing up he had never gone for her, like he used to go for Harry and Ernest, because she was a girl; but latterly he had begun to科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语threaten her and say what he would do to her only for her dead mother's sake. And now she had nobody to protect her, Ernest was dead and Harry, who was in the church decorating business, was nearly always down somewhere in the country. Besides, the invariable squabble for money on Saturday nightshad begun to weary her unspeakably. She always gave her entire wages - seven shillings - and Harry always sent up what he could, but the trouble was to get any money from her father. He said she used to squander the money, that she had no head, that he wasn't going to give her his hard-earned money to throw about the streets, and much more, for he was usually fairly bad on Saturday night. In the end he would give her the money and ask her had she any intention of buying Sunday's dinner. Then she had to rush out as quickly as she could and do her marketing, holding her black leather purse tightly in her hand as she elbowed her way through the crowds and returning home late under her load of provisions. She had hard work to keep the house together and to see that the two young children who had been left to her charge went to school regularly and got their meals regularly. It was hard work - a hard life - but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life.She was about to explore another life with Frank. Frank was very kind, manly, open-hearted. She was to go away with him by the night-boat to be his wife and to live with him in Buenos Aires, where he had a home waiting for her. How well she remembered the first time she had seen him; he was lodging in a house on the main road where she used to visit. It seemed a few weeks ago. He was standing at the gate, his peaked cap pushed back on his head and his hair tumbled forward over a face of bronze. Then they had come to know each other. He used to meet her outside the Stores every evening and see her home. He took her to see The Bohemian Girl and she felt elated as she sat in an unaccustomed part of the theatre with him He was awfully fond of music and sang a little. People knew that they were courting,and, when he sang about the lass that loves a sailor, she always felt pleasantly confused. He used to call her Poppens out of fun. First of all it had been an excitement for her to have a fellow and then she had begun to like him. He had tales of distant countries. He had started as a deck boy at a pound a month on a ship of the Allan Line going out to Canada. He told her the names of the ships he had been on and the names of the different services. He had sailed through the Straits of Magellan and he told her stories of the terrible Patagonians. He had fallen on his feet in Buenos Aires, he said, and had come over to the old country just for a holiday. Of course, her father had found out the affair and had forbidden her to have anything to say to him.`I know these sailor chaps,' he said.科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语One day he had quarrelled with Frank, and after that she had to meet her lover secretly.The evening deepened in the avenue. The white of two letters in her lap grew indistinct. One was to Harry; the other was to her father. Ernes! had been her favourite, but she liked Harry too. Her father was becoming old lately, she noticed; he would miss her. Sometimes he could be very nice. Not long before, when she had been laid up for a day, he had read her out a ghost story and made toast for her at the fire. Another day, when their mother was alive, they had all gone for a picnic to the Hill of Howth. She remembered her father putting on her mother's bonnet to make the children laugh.Her time was running out, but she continued to sit by the window, leaning her head against the window curtain, inhaling the odour of dusty cretonne. Down far in the avenue she could hear a street organ playing. She knew the air. Strange that itshould come that very night to remind her of the promise to her mother, her promise to keep the home together as long as she could. She remembered the last night of her mother's illness; she was again in the close, dark room at the other side of the hall and outside she heard a melancholy air of Italy. The organ-player had been ordered to go away and given sixpence. She remembered her father strutting back into the sick-room saying:`Damned Italians! coming over here!'As she mused the pitiful vision of her mother's life laid its spell on the very quick of her being - that life of commonplace sacrifices closing in final craziness. She trembled as she heard again her mother's voice saying constantly with foolish insistence: `Derevaun Seraun! Derevaun Seraun!'She stood up in a sudden impulse of terror. Escape! She must escape! Frank would save her. He would give her life, perhaps love, too. But she wanted to live. Why should she be unhappy? She had a right to happiness. Frank would take her in his arms, fold her in his arms. He would save her.She stood among the swaying crowd in the station at the North Wall. He held her hand and she knew that he was speaking to her, saying something about the passage over and over again. The station was full of soldiers with brown baggages. Through the wide doors of the sheds she caught a glimpse of the black mass of the boat, lying in beside the quay wall, with illumined portholes. She answered nothing. She felt her cheek pale and cold and, out of a maze of distress, she prayed to God to direct her, to show her what was her duty. The boat blew a long mournful whistle into the mist. If she went, tomorrow she would be on the sea with Frank, steaming towards Buenos Aires. Their passage had been booked. Could she still draw back after all hehad done for her? Her distress awoke a nausea in her body 科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语。

宁波大学2018年《663现代德语》考研专业课真题试卷

2018
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(A
150
Hale Waihona Puke )663. Wählen Sie die richtige Lösung. 40P 1. In welchem Satz ist das Verb falsch verwendet? ______. A) In diesem Bergwerk wird Steinkohle gefördert. B) Tankwagen befördern Erdöl. C) An Weihnachten muss die Post besonders viele Pakete fordern. D) Der Staat fördert den Außenhandel. 2. Der Welthandel unterliegt den Reglen ______. A) der Vereinten Nationen B) der Vereinigten Staaten C) der Welthandelsorganisation D) der Europäischen Union 3. Das Gegenteil von einschlafen ist ______. A) ausschlafen B) wecken C) verschlafen D) aufwachen 4. Welche Pluralform ist falsch? A) Mechanismus - Mechanismen B) Museum - Museen C) Visum - Viseen D) Individuum - Individuen 5. Diese schrecklich hohen Töne gehen mir durch ______. A) Haut und Knochen B) Kopf und Kragen C) Hand und Fuß D) Mark und Bein 6. Wer unter 18 ist, ist minderjährig. Wer über 18 ist, ist ______. A) hochjährig B) vieljährig C) mehrjährig D) volljährig 7. Was kann man nicht vom Wetter sagen? - Es ist ______. A) regenrisch B) unfreundlich C) wechselhaft D) gekühlt 8. Meine Freundin hat 2kg abgenommen, aber ihr Mann hat leider 2kg ______. A) eingenommen B) zugenommen C) angenommen D) vorgenommen 9. Ich zahle weniger für meine Autoversicherung, weil ich schon 5 Jahre lang ______ gefahren bin. A) unschädlich B) schadlos C) schadenfrei D) unbeschädlich 10. ______ Schreck ließ sie das Tablett fallen. A) Aus B) Vor C) Wegen D) Von 11. Welches Wort ist am schwächsten? A) ärgerlich B) zornig C) verstimmt D) wütend 12. Sieh mal, wie schön! Die erste Rose ist heute ______. A) geblüht B) ausgeblüht C) verblüht D) aufgeblüht 13. Nur eines dieser Nomen ist nicht von einem Verb abgeleitet. Welches? A) Übung B) Beschäftigung C) Zeitung D) Rechnung 14. Das Gegenteil von schädlich ist ______. A) nutzbar B) nutzvoll C) nutzlos D) nützlich

宁波大学《661基础英语》考研专业课真题试卷

1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you far back hundreds—even thousands—of years.
A. buys
B. sells
C. leads
D. brings
2. Bargaining is the order of the day, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop.
海天课堂
中国考研专业课辅导知名品牌
宁波大学考研专业课真题试卷
661 基础英语
2014 年《661 基础英语》专业课真题试卷 2015 年《661 基础英语》专业课真题试卷 2016 年《661 基础英语》专业课真题试卷 2017 年《661 基础英语》专业课真题试卷 2018 年《661 基础英语》专业课真题试卷 2019 年《661 基础英语》专业课真题试卷 2020 年《661 基础英语》专业课真题试卷
宁波大学 2014 年攻读硕士学位研究生
入学考试试题(B 卷) （答案必须写在答题纸上）
考试科目:基础英语科目代码：661 适用专业:英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、翻译学
I. Vocabulary (20 points)
Directions: There are two sections in this item, which test your use of vocabulary. Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
10. ―I got a curious nature, ma‘am. How‘d you figure where he was?‖

宁波大学2018年《651汉语言文学专业基础》考研专业课真题试卷

四、写作题（50 分）
从你现在的角度，给当年刚上大一的“你”写一封千字左右的信。
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宁波大学 2018 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A 卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
科目代码：
651
总分值：
150
科目名称：
汉语言文学专业基础
050101 文艺学、050105 中国古代文学、050106 中国现当代文学做以下各题一、名词解释（每小题 4 分，共 20 分）
1．劳动说（文学活动发生说的一种） 2．意境 3．艺术真实 4．文学消费 5．期待视野
三、论述题（每题 20 分，共 40 分）
1．下面复句各属于什么类型？它们有什么共同点和不同点？因为老王没有来，活动取消了。既然天气不好，我们就不去了。如果抓紧一点的话，可以提前做完这项工作。老王申请到中山大学进修，以便照顾在那里读书的女儿。 2．一般认为，汉语词、短语、句子结构基本一致，请谈谈你的看法，并举例说明。
3．下列句子有无毛病？若有，请修改并说明理由。在诗歌朗诵会上她的感情表现得很丰满。叶老师虽然每天工作都很忙，但还是抓紧和同学们谈心。大家的关心使我感到一点儿也不想家。中国政府一贯认为和平谈判是最好的解决边界问题的办法。这种工艺品畅销海内外，所以最近又改进了工艺流程。 4．比较下列句子在语义关系、句法结构、表达意图上的异同：大风吹跑了树叶。大风把树叶吹跑了。树叶被大风吹跑了。
2．分析下面语句产生歧义的原因，并用恰当的方法加以分化老李最喜欢旅游厂里有一辆车看打乒乓球的小学生她是前年生的孩子他让老婆狠骂了一顿
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宁波大学 2018 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A 卷)

2018考研英语(一)真题及参考答案(完整版)(00001)

2018考研英语(一)真题及参考答案(完整版)2018考研英语（一）真题及参考答案（完整版）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2 , in the wrong place often carries a high 3.4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else.11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us.A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the “20”tester participated in a follow-up activity.Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering — have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.Text 2A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a president’s social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for BuzzFeed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillfulat separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.Such active research can have another effect. A 2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.Text 3Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It Is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients In 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy.DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements- and there may be many-between the NHS and DeepMindwill be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it “controlled” the data and DeepMind merely “processed" it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Denham's report is a welcome start.Text 4The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new realityAnd interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years,leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.Now comes word that everyone involved---Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate – where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.Part BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A. In December of 1869, Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepare plans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building. The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side ofthe White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871.B. Completed in 1875, the State Department's south wing was the first to be occupied, with its elegant four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Reception Room, and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood, Oriental rugs, and stenciled wall patterns. The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.C. The State, War, and Navy Building, as it was originally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation's foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century-the period when the United States emerged as an international power. The building has housed some of the nation's most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events.D. Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB's granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming president. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.E. The Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) commands a unique position in both the national history and the architectural heritage of the United States. Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departments, and is considered one of the best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the country.F. Construction took 17 years as the building slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOB was finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.G. The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid.The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.【答案】41. (E)→C →42. (G) →43. (A)→F→44. (B)→45. (D)Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Shakespeare’s life time was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama.(46) By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy. These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs, but in England, as everywhere else in western Europe, the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular, whether it should be new or old, classical or medieval, literary or farcical. Court, school organizations of amateurs, and the traveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment; and (47) no boy who went a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.When Shakespeare was twelve years old, the first public playhouse was built in London. For a time literature showed no interest in this public stage. Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul’s and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as well as at court.(48) but the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters, and university men with literature ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood. By the time Shakespeare was twenty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Greene had made comedies that were at once popular and literary; Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit; and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the common stage - where they had played no part since the death of Euripides. (49) A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.The development of the Elizabethan drama for the next twenty-five years is of exceptional interest to students of literary history, for in this brief period we may trace the beginning, growth, blossoming, and decay of many kinds of plays, and of many great careers. We are amazed today at the mere number of plays produced, as well as by the number of dramatists writing at the same time for this London of two hundred thousand inhabitants. (50)To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost, and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.【参考译文】46.到莎士比亚出生的年代，欧洲经历了宗教戏剧的消亡，以及在古典悲剧和喜剧的影响下新的戏剧形式的产生。

2018考研英语一真题及答案解析

2018考研英语一真题及答案解析Introduction:The 2018 Graduate Entrance Exam (GEE) for English (Exam One) tested the proficiency of candidates in various areas of English language skills. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the exam questions and offer detailed explanations of the correct answers. The questions and answers are presented in a clear and concise manner to ensure a smooth reading experience for the readers.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section of the 2018 GEE Exam One consisted of three passages, each followed by multiple-choice questions. The passages covered a range of topics, including literature, social issues, and scientific research. Below are the passages and their respective answers with detailed explanations:Passage 1:The first passage titled "The Influence of Literature on Society" explored the impact of literature on individuals and society as a whole. The questions focused on identifying the main idea, inferential comprehension, and vocabulary understanding. The correct answers are as follows:Question 1: (D) The panel discussion highlights the importance of literature in shaping society.Explanation: In paragraph 2, the author mentions the panel discussion as evidence of the impact of literature on society.Question 2: (B) It emphasizes the role of literature in promoting empathy and understanding.Explanation: In paragraph 3, the author emphasizes the role of literature in fostering empathy and understanding among individuals.Passage 2:The second passage titled "The Effects of Social Media on Relationships" discussed the positive and negative effects of social media on interpersonal relationships. The questions focused on interpreting the author's tone, identifying the main idea, and finding supporting evidence. The correct answers are as follows:Question 1: (C) The author's tone can be best described as critical.Explanation: The author criticizes the negative impact of social media on relationships throughout the passage.Question 2: (A) Social media has made it easier to maintain long-distance relationships.Explanation: In paragraph 4, the author mentions how social media facilitates communication in long-distance relationships.Passage 3:The third passage titled "Recent Advances in Cancer Research" provided an overview of recent developments in cancer research. The questions required candidates to analyze scientific information, identify research methodologies, and understand specialized vocabulary. The correct answers are as follows:Question 1: (B) The author's purpose is to inform readers about advancements in cancer treatment.Explanation: In the introduction, the author states the purpose of the passage as sharing recent advancements in cancer treatment.Question 2: (D) The three studies employ different research methodologies to investigate cancer treatments.Explanation: In paragraph 3, the author discusses three studies that each utilize distinct research methodologies to investigate cancer treatments.Section 2: Sentence TranslationThe sentence translation section of the 2018 GEE Exam One contained ten English sentences that needed to be translated into Chinese. Each sentence tested candidates' proficiency in sentence structure, vocabulary, and grammatical accuracy. Below are a few representative examples:1. The rapid advancement of technology has transformed various aspects of our daily lives.快速发展的技术已经改变了我们日常生活的多个方面。

宁波大学663现代德语2016--2020年考研真题

A) Trinken Sie doch noch ein Tässchen Kaffee mit uns
B) Trinken Sie doch noch ein Weinglas mit uns
C) Trinken Sie doch nocht eine Tasse Tee mit uns
D) Trinken Sie doch noch ein BIer mit uns
C)eine Fliege im Cafe D) eine Fliege im Bier
第1页共6页
宁波大学 2020 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B 卷)
(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)
科目代码： 663 总分值： 150 科目名称：
现代德语
11. Was kann man nicht sagen? _________!
12. _________ ich gehört habe, hat Ruth sich scheiden lassen.
A) Wenn
B) Wie C) Was
D) Wann
13. Ich verstehe nicht, _________ Herr Baumann gekündigt hat. Hat er denn eine bessere Stelle gefunden?
A) für
B) auf
C) um
D) gegen
9. Das Gegenteil von Reichtum ist _________.
A) Armheit
B) Armtum C) Armatur D) Armut
10. Was stört uns am wenigsten?
A) eine Fliege im Wein B) eine Fliege in der Milch

2018年浙江宁波大学翻译硕士英语考研真题

2018年浙江宁波大学翻译硕士英语考研真题Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points: 20 for Section A, and 10 for Section B) Section A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1. It’s no good ________ remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learned.A. trying toB. try toC. to try toD. that try to2. No sooner had he put down the receiver with a sigh of relief ________ the telephone rang again.A. whenB. thanC. whileD. as3. The surface of the earth reflects enough of the sun’s light onto the face of the moon for us to be able to see the parts of it which ________.A. are otherwise darkB. have otherwise been darkC. would otherwise be darkD. had otherwise been dark4. I reckon the election will result in another victory for the government, ________?A. don’t IB. doesn’t itC. won’t ID. won’t it5. “Did you enjoy your vacation in New York City?” “Very much. We had a good time ________.A. the visiting of museumsB. for museum visitingC. visiting the museumsD. to visit the museums6. “You agreed that I could have your car if I did this, right?” “Huh… that’s not exactly ________ I had in mind.”A. thatB. whichC. soD. what7. His eyesight must be poor, for, as he reads, he bends down ________ his face is quite near the printed page.A. unlessB. untilC. sinceD. as if8. Pressed for further details, the chairman confessed ________ that profits would show a further fall.A. such being likelyB. that being likelyC. they to be likelyD. it to be likely9. ________ the disappointment of the audience, the singer was only pretending to sing, while a recording was played.A. ToB. AsC. ForD. With10. I’ll never know all that was in his mind at the time, and ________.A. nor anyone else willB. anyone else won’t tooC. nor will anyone elseD. anyone else will not11. In the current economic climate it is fairly ________ that unemployment will continue to rise.A. predictableB. indifferentC. desirableD. reliable12. The rise in violent crime is one of the more worrying ________ of the current situation.A. mattersB. affairsC. portionsD. aspects13. Why didn’t you ________ the police immediately? This is vital evidence.A. informB. announceC. proposeD. claim14. It’s difficult to emerge from such a scandal with your reputation still________.A. wholeB. famousC. intactD. known15. Although there was a lot more to say, Stephen ________ from further questions.A. reflectedB. refrainedC. strainedD. resisted16. We could tell that she was still ________ something and it was our job to find out what.A. cancelingB. shelteringC. concealingD. settling17. He played very badly and I think your criticisms were completely ________.A. entitledB. justifiedC. hopelessD. disappointed18. A ________ examination for the post of department manager will be held next Tuesday.A. classifyingB. contrastingC. comparingD. competitive19. What she’s saying about the market may be true, but I’m ________ to give ita closer look.A. opposedB. attemptedC. inclinedD. consented20. It took two trips to ________ all Helen’s furniture to her new apartment.A. transferB. replaceC. locateD. displaceSection B: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked, A, B, C, and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. In the 19th century, it was common to hear people in Europe and America say that the resources of the sea were unlimited. For example, a famous biologistsaid____(21)____the mid 1800s that resources of the sea were ____(22)____ . Today there’s ____(23)____ that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as ____(24)____ of the land and the air. ____(25)____, the threat to fish is greater ____(26)____ than the threat to birds and land animals because fish are a____(27)____ needed food resource. Many people throughout the world ____(28)____ fish as an important part of their food and a reduction ____(29)____ the fish supply could have wide ____(30)____ on hunger and the population. Fishermen in the Atlantic, every year, ____(31)____ 20 billion pounds of fish to ____(32)____ food demands. But it is important to ____(33)____ that these practices cannot continue____(34)____ the using up of the fish resources within the next few years.Sea resources are ____(35)____ declining in many parts of the world and the problem cannot be ____(36)____. It is only ____(37)____ care and planning in this generation ____(38)____ the food ____(39)____ of the sea can continue ____(40)____ future generations.21 A. on B. in C. at D. By22 A. exhaustible B. inexhaustible C. vast D. uncountable23 A. fact B. event C. evidence D. trend24 A. that B. those C. which D. what25 A. Furthermore B. Regardless of C. Fortunately D. In addition to26 A. by the way B. under way C. in some ways D. to such an extent27 A. many B. as C. much D. such28 A. apply B. utilize C. organize D. depend on29 A. for B. at C. in D. on30 A. affects B. results C. effects D. significance31 A. get B. breed C. consume D. devise32 A. provide B. meet C. supply D. present33 A. refer B. represent C. recognize D. reveal34 A. by B. for C. in D. with35 A. rapidly B. almost C. frequently D. effectively36 A. considered B. adapted C. ignored D. acquired37 A. with B. under C. in D. by38 A. in which B. by which C. in this way D. that39 A. deposits B. supplies C. components D. blocks40 A. with B. by C. for D. onPart II Reading Comprehension (40 points: 2×20)Direction: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D You are expected to make the best choice.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passageNowadays, Internet shopping is becoming increasingly popular and many more high street stores and supermarkets are now offering this facility．You can shop for justabout anything from the comfort of your own home，and all you need to do is to sit in your armchair and order things directly on the internet．Shopping on the Internet offers convenience and time—saving benefits to shoppers，as compared to traditional storefront shopping．People can shop for a variety of products on the Internet，ranging from physical products，such as books，CDs，clothes and food，to information products，such as on-line news or magazine stories．If it is too inconvenient for you to go out for shopping on your own，or if lack of time makes it difficult for you to shop at physical locations such as stores and shopping malls，you can choose to do shopping on the internet．The Internet operates 24 hours a day，seven days a week，and shoppers can expect to find and purchase goods off the Internet anytime，unlike traditional storefronts which have fixed opening hours．On wonder that some research findings indicate that consumers view the internet as an “instrument of convenience”．Despite of the advantages of Internet shopping，there are also disadvantages of Internet shopping. The main disadvantage on Internet shopping is that you cannot actually see the products you are buying or check their quality．Sometimes the computer image of the products can hardly compare with those that can be touched for quality and put on for comfort．Furthermore，Internet shopping cannot provide the social interaction and the sense of community. Many people will find it completely unpleasant because they may miss the opportunity to talk to friends．Some people are worried about paying for goods using credit cards，so Internet companies are now finding ways to make online payment safe．As a new type of shopping，Internet shopping is bound to become more and more popular in the future．Moreover，if the problem of the security of payment can be overcome，there will be more people willing to try online shopping．41．What is the most important advantage of Internet shopping?A.the reasonable price．B.the quality of the goods．C.the convenience it brings to you．D.the speed the goods are delivered to you．42．The phrase “physical products” in Line 3，Paragraph 2 means__________.A.anything you can useB.things useful for health careC.things connected with studyD.things you can see or feel43．On-line news and magazine stories are___________.A.not yet available off the InternetB.everywhere on the Internet and free to downloadrmation products available on the InternetD.the most popular products on the Internet44．We can learn from the second paragraph that _______________.A.a delivery charge added to the shopping bill discourage people from shopping onlineB.online payment are so safe that people can shopping on the Internet securelyC.people who enjoy the social experience will not choose online shoppingD.the quality of the goods are not always exact what you expect45．What can you infer from the last paragraph?A.Sometimes people are still worrying about the money they pay online．B.Shopping on the Internet is a relatively new shopping mode．C.Shopping is made easier by Internet shopping．D.People need to get used to computer system for a secure way of shopping．Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:Have you ever felt so anxious during an examination that you couldn’t even put down the answers you knew? If so, you were suffering from what is known as test anxiety. According to psychologist Ralph Trimble, test anxiety is a very real problem for many people. When you’re worried over your performance on an exam, your heart beats faster and your pulse speeds up. These reactions start others: You may sweat more than normal or suffer from a stomachache or headache. Your field of vision narrows and becomes tunnel-like. Before you know it, you’re having difficulty focusing.“What I hear students say over and over again,” says Dr. Trimble, who is working at the Psychological and Counseling Center at the University of Illinoi s, “is, ‘My mind went blank.’”For a number of years, Dr. Trimble helped many students learn how to perform better during exams and to bring up their grades. Some of these students were interested in sharing what they learned and, with Trimble’s help, bega n holding workshops on overcoming text anxiety. For many students, just being in a workshop with other sufferers made them feel better. They realized that they were not the only ones who had done poorly on tests because of tension.The workshops were so successful that they are still given.In the workshops, students are taught that anxiety is normal. You just have to prevent it from getting the best of you. The first step is to learn to relax. If before or during an examination you start to panic, stretch as hard as you can, tensing the muscles in your arms and legs; then suddenly relax all of them.This will help relieve tension. But keep in mind that you don’t want to be too relaxed. Being completely relaxed is no better than being too tense. “If you are so calm you don’t care how you do on an examination, you won’t do well,” Trimble says. “There is an optimum level of concern when you perform at your best. Some stress helps. There are people who can’t take even slight stress. They have to learn that in a challenging situation, being anxiously excited is good and will help them to do better.But if they call it anxiety and say, ‘It’s going to hit me again,’ that will make them nervous and worried.”As a student you must also realize that if you leave too much studying until a day or two before the examination, you can’t do the impossible and learn it all. Instead, concentrate on what you can do and try to think what questions are likely to be asked and what you can do in the time left for studying.When you sit down to study, set a moderate pace and vary it by reading, writing notes, and going over any papers you have already written for the course, as well as thetextbooks and notes you took in class. Review what you know. Take breaks and go to sleep early e nough to get a good night’s rest before the exam. You should also eat a moderate breakfast or lunch, avoiding drinks like coffee and stay away from fellow students who get tense. Panic spreads easily.Get to the exam room a few minutes early so that you will have a chance to familiarize yourself with the surroundings and get out your supplies. When the examination is handed out, read the directions twice and underline the significant instructions, making sure you understand them. Ask the teacher to explain if you don’t. First answer the easiest questions, then go back to the more difficult.On essay questions, instead of starting right away, take a few minutes to organize your thoughts, make a brief outline, and then start off with a summary sentence. Keep w orking steadily, and even when time starts to run out, don’t speed up.46. We learn from the passage that test anxiety ________.A. affects a small number of peopleB. can lead to physical discomfortC. can have a negative effect on a person’s eyesightD. often affects those who are physically weak47. Dr Trimble often heard students say that _________.A. their mind failed to work when faced with a testB. they had difficulty focusing on the test itemsC. they could not think of a way to get rid of test anxietyD. they began panicking well ahead of a test48. In Trimble’s workshop the students learned_________.A. how to avoid being controlled by test anxietyB. that test anxiety is normal and would go away in timeC. certain mental exercises that would help them relaxD. how to concentrate on what they could do49. According to the passage, being completely relaxed before a test________ .A. helps a student to perform better in the testB. can also be harmful to a person’s performance in the testC. helps a student to cope with a challenging situation betterD. may be more harmful than getting too worried over tests50. The author suggests that before a test________ .A. you should avoid staying with a fellow student who suffers test anxietyB. you should no t think that you will be affected by your fellow student’s anxietyC. you should get together with other sufferers of test anxiety in order to feel betterD. you should eat a big meal and drink some coffee to keep yourself in high spiritsQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:"Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it's a girl."Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there aresome men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this reconciliation process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of fathers.It is argued by some writers that the change to the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must take to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative adaptation. On the other hand, the father's role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.51. From the passage, we learn that fatherhoodA. brings a feeling of excitement to most men.B. makes some men feel proud and others uneasy.C. has a different meaning for men who have daughters.D. means a responsibility that men accept unwillingly.52. What does the passage say about the shift from the role of husband to that of father?A. Numerous books have been written about it.B. Not enough attention has been paid to it.C. The shift is harder for men than for women.D. The shift is a difficult but incomplete one.53. The passage indicates thatA. mothers get more attention and recognition from society.B. mothers are innovative and demanding according to some writers.C. mothers generally stay at home to take care of the children.D. mothers should help fathers in their reconciliation process.54. Which of the following will the author most probably disagree with?A. It's as difficult to be a father as it is to be a mother.B. More books should focus on the role of fathers.C. The father is still the breadwinner in the household.D. Fathers are as important to children as mothers.55. The author's purpose in writing this passage is toA. explain why there are few books on the role of fathers.B. praise mothers for their great contributions to the home.C. criticize fathers for not taking enough responsibility in bringing up the children.D. complain about the lack of social programs to help fathers in their role shift.Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:Edward Lisson, the famous scientist, had been honored in the countries all over the world for his research into the working of the human brain, in particular the part played by memory. It is a curious fact, however, that he himself was extremely absent-minded. The following story was told about him.It seems that all his life Edward had wanted to become an expert fisherman, but owing to his work, he was unable to satisfy his desire completely until he retired. Accordingly on Sunday shortly after he retired, he set out, equipped with fishing rod and tackle, a straw basket and some suitable bait, and dressed in an oilskin, sou’wester and waders just in case. He was prepared to enjoy a day’s fishing, a subject about which he had read much and done little.He found a clear, running stream lined with pebbles, baited his hook, cast his line carefully and sit down to wait. It was a warm day, patchy with sunlight and scudding clouds - a fisherman’s day. The sunlight dan ced on the white stones on the river bed, the river chattered merrily and Edward, patient and content, sat waiting for a bit. He sat so long in fact that after a while he could scarcely remember why he had come.Presently there was a little flurry in the water and then a flash of silver as a salmon leaped.56. We have learned from the passage that ________.A. Edward had never liked fishingB. Edward never became an expert fisherman until he retiredC. Edward didn’t stop fishing until he retiredD. Edward took up fishing when he retired57. Edward dressed in complete protection because ________.A. he knew it’s going to rainB. he wanted to prepare for something unexpectedC. he was absent-mindedD. he read books on the subject58. What was the river like according to the passage?A. It ran swiftly over stones.B. It was small and clean.C. It ran slowly and quietly.D. It ran in a zigzag way over the stones.59. Edward sat by the river for a long time, and he ________.A. was so focused as to forget everything around him.B. failed to cast his lineC. eventually remembered why he wasD. forgot what he was doing for a while60. What first caught Edward’s attention?A. A talking fish.B. A stir in the water.C. A silver flash.D. A salmon.Part III Writing (30 points)Directions: Based on the information given below, please write an essay of about 600 words on the Answer Sheet. You have 60 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay.Some people think that in this modern world people are getting dependent of each other. Others think the modern world gets people more independent of each other. Discuss both views and give your own opinions.。

宁波大学2020年《661基础英语》考研专业课真题试卷

policy.
A) highlighted
B) increased
C) prevailed
D) thrived
6. U.S. firms could be at a disadvantage in competing for ________ to Russian markets.
A) process
C) impaired
D) devastated
11. Participants in this sailboat race spent most of it in_________: one sailor, one boat, and a vast ocean.
A) separation
B) solitude
C) privacy
D) remoteness
12. Finally, she wrote to the board chairman, _________ for intervention in the situation.
A) imposing
B) imploring
C) striving
D) alienating
A) preoccupy
B) misconceive
C) initiate
D) skew
10. In summer, huge areas of the French countryside are regularly _________ by forest fires.
A) wrecked
B) removed
accommodation they have found for you.
A) same

宁波大学661基础英语2007—2020年考研专业课真题

(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语A. do(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上) 科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语there.A. weren’t51.__________ , I do not like him as a man.A. I admire him as much as a writer(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码：661 总分值：150 科目名称：基础英语。

宁波大学2017年考研真题【外国语学院】661基础英语初试试卷(B卷)

科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学I.Vocabulary(30points)This part consists of two sections.Section ADirections:Choose one of the four alternatives which is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase and mark the corresponding letter.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(1×20points).1.He avowed his commitment to those ideals.A.acknowledgedB.convertedC.conformedD.renounced2.The political dissident was accused of instigating a plot to overthrow the government.A.devisingB.supportingC.fundingD.provoking3.I wish you two would stop bickering.plaining B quarreling C.bargaining D murmuring4.The defendant is facing severe verdict despite the appeal for clemency by his lawyer.A.forgivingB.releaseC.leniencyD.impartiality5.The little boy listened,enthralled by the Captain’s story.A.fascinatedB.swindledC.shockedD.bored6.I was impressed by his expertise on landing craft.A.encouragementB.special skillC.shrewdnessD.eloquence7.Your action is a breach of our university regulations.A.observationB.violationC.creationD.attack8.Subsequent events vindicated his policy.A.predicateB.swingC.dilateD.verify9.Drug smuggling carries a mandatory death penalty in most countries in the world.A.impulsiveB.multicoloredC.obligatoryughable10.Morality,for him,was doing what is expedient.A.undesirableB.unavailable C advantageous D.inappropriate11.“The giant was big”is a tautological statement,to say the least.A.tightB.redundantC.illogicalD.relative科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学III.Error Detection and Correction(20points)Directions:There are twenty errors in the following passage.You should detect and correct all the errors.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Marxist Criticism is a criticism based on the historical,economic,and sociology1 theory of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.According to Marxism,the conscious2of a given class in a given historical moment derives modes of material production.3The set of beliefs,values,attitudes,and ideas that constitute the consciousness of this4 class forms a ideological superstructure,and this ideological superstructure is5 shaped and determined by the material infrastructure and economic base.Hence the6 term"historic materialism."Marxism assumes the ontological priority of matter7 above mind and sees mind as the product of historical forces.There is thus a dialectical8 relationship between the literature work and its socio-historical background.9 Dialectical criticism focuses on the causal connections of the content or form10of the work and the economic,class,social,or ideological factors that shape and11 determines that content and form.Bourgeois writers,for example,inevitably propagate a12 bourgeois ideology that seeks to universalizing the status quo,to see it as natural rather13 than historical.The notion that there is a one-to-one correspondence to the class14 consciousness of the writer,the ideology of the work,and the society-historical15 background out of which it emerges is often labeled vulgarly Marxism,even by16 Marxists themselves.Sophisticated Marxism,however,like Fredric Jameson17 points out,is concerned with"the influence of the given social raw material,not only18on the content,but on the very form of the work themselves....[The dialectical19 interaction of work and background],this fact of sheer interrelationship,is prior of20any of the conceptual categories,such as causality,reflection,or analogy,subsequently evoked to explain it."科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学IV.Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:There are three sections in this item with a passage in each section. Section A requires you to read a passage and provide a brief answer to each of the given questions.Section B requires you to read and judge whether the relevant statements are true or false.Section C requires you to read and then write a summary of it.Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A.(10points)By the mid-century there emerged a trend in writing that favored a new approach to constructing the novel that abandoned many of the time-honored traditions of form.Indeed,there has been debate about whether many of the works of the times should rightly be considered novels at all.Although not all writers of the period pursued experimental methods,two of them,William Burroughs and Henry Miller,served as exemplary figures.William Burroughs published journals depicting his travels through South America and North Africa.He was heavily influenced by his encounter with foreign languages and associations with strange customs.The impact of his experiences on his writing led to a uniquely detached style.Often it is difficult to determine who is telling the stories,or where the characters have come from.In his most celebrated work Naked Lunch,Burroughs is said to have physically cut up the manuscript and pasted it back together,to further disturb the conventional notion of narration.Although these writing techniques did not boost initial sales of his works,American academia accepts him as an important practitioner of literary theory.Henry Miller wrote about his personal life in a depth that previous authors had avoided.In order to better expose compulsive desires,he used very graphic language to describe the details of his intimate relationships.His books Tropic of Capricorn and Tropic of Cancer were banned in some states when they were first published.Although there are disagreements about Miller's moral positions,he is acknowledged as an important contributor to mid-twentieth century American fiction.1.What is the main topic of this passage?2.What did the passage preceding this one probably discuss?3.What can we assume about Burroughs'earlier works?4.What is the most difficult aspect of reading the book Naked Lunch?5.What can we infer about the works of the two men?科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学Decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).1.According to this passage,Shakespeare’s sonnets might have contained a continuity of love story.2.The speaker of Shakespeare’s sonnets is perfectly happy with both the young noble man and the“dark lady”,according to the passage.3.Shakespeare’s sonnets were dedicated to a“W.H.”,who must be Henry Wriothesley,the Earl ofSouthampton.4.It could be inferred from the passage that most life stories about Shakespeare are conjectures.5.Shakespeare wrote153sonnets,all of which have the feel of autobiographical poems.Section C(10points)Read the following passage and write a summary of it within200words.Knowing that Mrs.Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble,great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband's death.It was her sister Josephine who told her,in broken sentences;veiled hints that revealed in half concealing.Her husband's friend Richards was there,too,near her.It was he who had been in the newspaper office when intelligence of the railroad disaster was received,with Brently Mallard's name leading the list of"killed."He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastened to forestall any less careful,less tender friend in bearing the sad message.She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same,with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance.She wept at once,with sudden,wild abandonment,in her sister's arms.When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone.She would have no one follow her.There stood,facing the open window,a comfortable,roomy armchair.Into this she sank,pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life.The delicious breath of rain was in the air.In the street below a peddler was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her faintly,and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves.There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window.She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair,quite motionless,except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her,as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学She was young,with a fair,calm face,whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes,whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky.It was not a glance of reflection,but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it,fearfully.What was it?She did not know;it was too subtle and elusive to name.But she felt it,creeping out of the sky,reaching toward her through the sounds,the scents,the color that filled the air.Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously.She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her,and she was striving to beat it back with her will--as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips.She said it over and over under the breath:"free,free,free!"The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes.They stayed keen and bright.Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.She did not stop to ask if it were or were not a monstrous joy that held her.A clear and exalted perception enabled her to dismiss the suggestion as trivial.She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind,tender hands folded in death;the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead.But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely.And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.There would be no one to live for during those coming years;she would live for herself.There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.A kind intention or a cruel intention made the act seem no less a crime as she looked upon it in that brief moment of illumination.And yet she had loved him--sometimes.Often she had not.What did it matter!What could love,the unsolved mystery,count for in the face of this possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!"Free!Body and soul free!"she kept whispering.Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole,imploring for admission."Louise,open the door!I beg;open the door--you will make yourself ill.What are you doing, Louise?For heaven's sake open the door."科目代码:661科目名称：基础英语适用专业:英语语言文学外国语言学及应用语言学翻译学"Go away.I am not making myself ill."No;she was drinking in a very elixir of life through that open window.Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her.Spring days,and summer days,and all sorts of days that would be her own.She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long.It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities.There was a feverish triumph in her eyes,and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory.She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs.Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.Someone was opening the front door with a latchkey.It was Brently Mallard who entered,a little travel-stained,composedly carrying his grip-sack and umbrella.He had been far from the scene of the accident,and did not even know there had been one.He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry;at Richards'quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease----of the joy that kills.(---------“The Story of an Hour”by Kate Chopin)Summary(Please write it on the Answer sheet)V．Writing(50points)Directions:In her concession speech,Hillary Clinton has called on her supporters to give Republican president-elect Donald Trump“the chance to lead”,saying that her loss was“painful，and it will be for a long time.”Addressing young people who had worked for and supported her campaign,Ms Clinton reflected on how in her life she had had successes and setbacks,“sometimes really painful ones”,and so would they. But she implored them not to despair:“This loss hurts.But please,please never stop believing that fighting for what’s right is worth it.It’s always worth it.”Write an essay entitled“Losses and Successes in my Life Experience”in no less than400 words to demonstrate your opinions on the values of losses.Remember to write your essay on the Answer Sheet.Losses and Successes in my Life Experience。

2018考研英语一真题(完整版)

2018考研英语一真题(完整版)[英文版]2018 National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate English (Complete Version)IntroductionThe National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate, commonly known as the "kao yan," is a highly competitive examination in China. The English section of the exam is divided into two parts: English I and English II. In this article, we will focus on the English I section and analyze the 2018 English I exam in detail.Section 1: Listening ComprehensionThe first section of the 2018 English I exam was the listening comprehension section. This section aims to test the candidates' ability to understand spoken English. It consisted of four parts, with a total of 25 questions. Each question was played twice, allowing candidates to listen carefully and answer accurately.Section 2: Reading ComprehensionThe second section of the 2018 English I exam was the reading comprehension section. This section aimed to assess candidates' reading skills and understanding of written English. It consisted of five reading passages, with a total of 15 questions. The passages covered a wide range of topics, including science, history, and society.Section 3: TranslationThe third section of the 2018 English I exam was the translation section. This section required candidates to translate sentences from Chinese to English. It tested their ability to accurately convey the meaning of the original sentences while maintaining grammatical and linguistic accuracy.Section 4: WritingThe final section of the 2018 English I exam was the writing section. Candidates were given a topic and required to write an essay within a given time limit. The topic of the 2018 exam was "The impact of social media on society." This section aimed to evaluate candidates' ability to express their ideas clearly and coherently in written English.ConclusionThe 2018 National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate English I section tested candidates' listening comprehension, reading comprehension, translation, and writing skills. It challenged their English proficiency and ability to think critically and express themselves effectively in the language. The exam served as an important milestone for those aspiring to pursue further studies in China, reflecting the increasing importance of English as a global language.As a candidate preparing for the exam, it is crucial to familiarize yourself with the format and content of the English I section to improve your performance and maximize your chances of success. Additionally, continuous practice and exposure to English materials can greatly enhance your language skills and overall ability to excel in the exam.。

2017年宁波大学_661基础英语考研真题_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

2017年宁波大学661基础英语考研真题(总分150, 做题时间180分钟)VocabularyThis part consists of two sections.Section ADirections: Choose one of the four alternatives which is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase and mark the corresponding letter. Please write you answers on the Answer Sheet. (1×20 points).1.He avowed **mitment to those ideals.SSS_SINGLE_SELAacknowledgedBconvertedCconformedDrenounced该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:A句意：他承认他对那些理想曾经许下的诺言。

avow承认；公开宣称。

acknowledge承认。

convert转变，变换。

conform符合；遵照。

renounce放弃权利。

2.The political dissident was accused of instigating a plot to overthrow the government.SSS_SINGLE_SELAdevisingBsupportingCfundingDprovoking该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:D句意：政治异见人士被指控煽动一场阴谋来推翻政府。

instigate唆使；煽动。

provoke煽动。

devise 设计；图谋。

support支持。

fund投资；资助。

3.I wish you two would stop bickering.SSS_SINGLE_SELAcomplainingBquarrelingCbargainingDmurmuring该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:B句意：我希望你们两个不要再吵了。

宁波大学 2011-2018年文学院科目651汉语言文学专业基础考研真题

宁波大学2018年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B卷)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码: 651 科目名称：汉语言文学专业基础适用专业: 文艺学语言学及应用语言学汉语言文字学中国古代文学中国现当代文学一、名词解释1.劳动说2.意境3.艺术真实4.文学消费5.期待视野二、简答题1.生活活动的美学意义。

2.文学消费与文学生产的辩证关系。

3.什么是话语蕴藉及其典范形态。

三、论述题1.艺术构思的心理机制有哪些？2.说明文学风格的基本内涵，并说说你对文学风格的理解。

四、从现在的角度，给大一初入学的“你”写一封千字左右的信。

宁波大学2017 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(A 卷)(答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码: 651 科目名称：汉语言文学专业基础适用专业: 文艺学语言学及应用语言学汉语言文字学中国古代文学中国现当代文学一、名词解释：（每小题4 分，共20 分）1．游戏发生说（文学活动发生说的一种）2．艾布拉姆斯的文学活动四要素说3．灵感4．文艺学5．隐含的读者二、简要回答题：（每小题10 分，共40 分）1．诗歌体裁有哪些艺术特征？2．请谈谈文学审美意识形态属性中形象和理性之间的关系。

3．人文关怀何以是善的终极价值体现？并说明文学中人文关怀与历史理性之间的关系。

4．理想型文学有哪些特征？三、论述题：（每小题20 分，共40 分。

）1．艺术真实不同于生活真实和科学真实，结合具体文学实例谈谈艺术真实的特征。

2．请阐释文学传播方式的演进历史和现状，并说明文学传播方式对文学的生产与消费有何深刻影响？四、写作题：（50 分）我们读过许多的书，请挑出一本来和大家分享，说一说自己挑选的理由：有用？有趣？有启发？有感动？或者只是这本书给自己带来的一些故事。

要求：1.题目自拟。

2.中心明确，层次清晰，书写工整。

3.字数在800 字左右。

考试科目: 汉语言文学专业基础科目代码： 651适用专业: 文艺学、语言学及应用语言学、汉语言文字学、中国古代文学、中国现当代文学一、名词解释（每小题4 分，共20 分）1.文学风格2.隐含的读者3.文化批评4.艺术真实5.灵感二、简要回答题（每题10 分，共40 分）1.为什么说艺术起源于劳动？2.小说有哪些艺术特征？3.文学创造中主客体关系怎样？4.艺术发现有哪些心理特征？三、论述题（每题20 分，共40 分）1.文学作为审美意识形态，主要表现在哪些方面？2.结合诗歌作品，说明意境的审美特征。

2018考研英语一真题完整版

2018考研英语一真题完整版对于准备考研的学子来说，了解历年真题是备考过程中至关重要的一环。

2018 年考研英语一真题具有一定的代表性和难度，下面为您呈现完整的真题内容及相关解析。

首先是英语知识运用部分，也就是我们常说的完型填空。

这部分主要考查考生对词汇、语法和上下文逻辑关系的理解和运用能力。

2018年的完型填空话题涉及到社会文化方面，文章内容相对较为抽象，需要考生在理解的基础上进行细致的分析和判断。

阅读理解部分是考研英语的重头戏。

2018 年的阅读理解题材广泛，涵盖了科技、经济、文化等多个领域。

其中，有探讨新兴科技对社会影响的文章，也有关于经济发展趋势的论述，还有对文化差异的研究。

这些文章的语言较为正式和严谨，句子结构复杂，词汇量要求较高。

考生需要具备较强的阅读速度和理解能力，能够准确把握文章的主旨大意、细节信息以及作者的观点态度。

新题型部分，2018 年考查的是排序题。

这种题型要求考生对文章的结构和逻辑有清晰的认识，能够根据段落之间的关系进行正确的排序。

这需要考生在阅读过程中善于捕捉关键词、句，理清文章的脉络。

翻译部分，2018 年的句子难度适中，但要想翻译得准确、通顺，需要考生掌握一定的翻译技巧和词汇量，能够灵活处理长难句和特殊句式。

写作部分分为小作文和大作文。

小作文通常是书信、通知等应用文，2018 年考查的是邀请信。

大作文则是图画作文，要求考生根据所给的图画进行分析和阐述，并表达自己的观点。

在写作过程中，考生不仅要语言表达准确、流畅，还要有清晰的逻辑结构和合理的论证。

总的来说，2018 年考研英语一真题难度适中，既考查了考生的基础知识，又对考生的综合能力提出了较高的要求。

通过对这套真题的研究和练习，考生可以更好地了解考研英语的命题规律和趋势，从而有针对性地进行复习和备考。

在备考过程中，建议考生针对真题中暴露出来的问题进行有针对性的强化训练。

比如，如果词汇量不足，就要加强词汇的记忆和积累；如果阅读速度慢，就要通过大量的阅读练习来提高阅读速度和理解能力；如果写作水平有待提高，就要多写多练，学习优秀范文的写作思路和语言表达方式。