大学英语精读第2册 参考答案

大学英语精读二练习答案Key to Exercises (Units 1 - 5)Unit 1Key to Study & PracticeComprehension of the TextII.1. c2. b3. a4. d5. d6. b7. a8. cIII. (Omitted)V ocabularyIV.1. extremely2. hazard3. pollute4. originally5. indicate6. survive7. atmosphere8. conclusion9. proceed 10. conferenceV.1. had paid attention to2. notice3. had noticed4. Pay attention to5. noticed6. attention has been paid toVI.1. cost2. spend3. cost4. spend5. paid6. had been paid7. pay8. pay9. cost 10. has spentVII．1. polluted2. indicated3. conclusion, hazard4. known as5. givingoff6. type7. based on8. crashing into9. deadly 10. originally11. stick up 12. proceeded 13. as to 14. smashed (was/got smashed)VIII．1. The earth's surface is mostly composed of water.2. Ice and snow on the roads both create hazards for drivers during theChristmas season.3. The youngest child survived the earthquake, but the rest of the family died.4. Crime has made some streets in many American cities unfit to live.5. Several cars crashed into each other on the highway due to the fog.6. The rider of the motorbike made a signal with his arm for a left turn.Word BuildingIX.acceptance guide appearance performancearrive proposal depend refuse difference remove disturb signalexist survive conference insistX.1. dressmaker2. troublemaker3. weedkiller4. recordholder5. timekeeper6. a person who owns land7. a person who sells books 8. a person whose work is building ships9. a person whose job is to drive a taxicab 10. an instrument for opening cans StructureXI.1. Henry couldn't take part in the sports meet because of his broken leg.2. We were sorry to hear that Mr. Davidson had to retire at the age of fifty because of his poor health.3. They didn't go to the concert because of the heavy snow.4. It was because of the noise that I couldn't fall asleep.XII.1. It is rather difficult to pronounce.2. It is easy to explain as far as I know.3. It is as difficult to manage as Henry's.4. It will be fit to wear if you shorten the sleeves.5. To tell the truth, it is impossible to answer.6. It is not possible to see in advance.X．1. as far as I am concerned2. As far as we students are concerned3. As far as the method itself is concerned4. As far as ability is concerned5. as far as the acting and music are concerned6. As far as the structure is concernedClozeXIV.(A)(1) feasibility (2) based on (3) conclusions (4) unfit (5) polluted(6) deadly(7) atmosphere (8) extremely (9) For another (10) survive (11) set back(12) proceed(B)(1) he (2) it (3) danger (4) problem (5) different (6) but (7) others(8) changing (9) that (10) continue ( 11 ) ourselves (12) future (13) ask(14) people (15) world (16) today (17) necessary (18) environment (19) world (20) in (21) around (22) prevent (23) at (24) protect (25) everyone (26) saveTranslation1. Gases such as carbon monoxide, emitted by factories and automobiles, haveseriously polluted the atmosphere.2. The industrial engineer's letter indicates that he doubts the feasibility ofthe plan.3. Many parents in the United States set aside a fund for their children's education before they are born.4. I have made sure that her conclusion is based on facts.5. The medical team, composed of three doctors and two nurses, set off for the mountain(ous) area a few days ago.6. The village is named after the high mountain that stands in front of it.7. He was iii for about a week, which has really set him back in his studies.8. The war that broke out between the North and the South in 1861 is known in history as the American Civil War.Key to Reading PracticeExercise A1. the mixture of smoke and fog2. the noun form of "attract" -- something that attracts3. with suspicion4. the noun form of "sense(v. )" -- feeling coming from the senses5. not comfortable6. the noun form of "tolerate" -- the capacity to endure hardship or pain7. the adjective form of "surgery" -- of or for surgery8. the noun form of "pollute" -- the state of being pollutedExercise B1. F (This article is a literary satire in which facts are overstated or exaggerated. )2. T3. F (The narrator was there to give lectures. )4. F (He could not put up with the fresh air in Flagstaff. )5. T6. F (The polluted air made his eyes water and caused him to sneeze. )7. T8. TKey to Writing PracticePart I1 -2-8-6-7-4-5-3Part IIVenusian scientists were very excited about a satellite they had landed on the planet Earth. The satellite had been sending back valuable information from a place called Manhattan. After studying the signals and photographs, the scientists have discovered some important facts about the Earth. For one thing, it is impossible for anything to grow on Earth because its surface ismade up of solid concrete. For another, the atmosphere is full of deadly gases.Clearly no one canstay alive if he has to breathe this air. Also, a dark black cloud, known as the Consolidated Edison Belt, hovers over the Earth. It threatens all life forms.Finally, the water on Earth is so polluted that no humans or animals couldpossibly drink it. Based on these discoveries, Venusian scientists haveconcluded that there is no life on Earth.Unit 2Key to Study & PracticeComprehension of the TextIII.1. c2. b3. a4. a5. c6. a7. c8. cIV. (Omitted)V ocabularyV.1. bare2. empty3. empty4. bare5. empty6. bareVI.1. shortly2. track down3. faint4. motioned5. at the sight of6. feel like7. slightly8.rang out9. contract 10. made for 11. heated 12. emerged VII.1. host2. sprang up3. impulse4. tone5. track down6. unexpected7. outgrow8. widened9. shortly 10. emerge/spring up 11. at the sight of 12. madeforVIII1. Jimmy has outgrown the shirts his aunt made for him a few years ago.2. Does the doctor think the elderly lady is likely to survive the operation/itlikely that the elderly lady will survive the operation?3. The other day your cousin paid us an unexpected visit.4. Don't you see the nurse motioning us to be silent?5. Her face (was) lit up with joy at his return.6. The sound of her footsteps grew fainter as she walked farther and fartheraway.Word BuildingIXadditional advantageous anxious conditional courageous curious dangerous educational emotional famous industrial intentional medical mountainous musical mysterious national occasional personal practicalX.a heated discussion colored flagsa pigtailed girl a gifted musiciana bearded old man a pointed roofan experienced teacher an aged womana skilled worker a diseased plantStructureXI.1. During the time that2. As long as3. Although4. as long as5. Whereas6. Although7. Whereas 8. AlthoughXII.1. They frightened the child into telling the truth.2. He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was the son of a millionaire.3. My tactless words forced the old gentleman into buying something he could not possibly afford.4. He finally talked me into accepting his terms.5. The girl persuaded her father into giving up smoking.6. Their severe criticism shocked her into realizing her selfishness.XIII．1. Guests are to be back in the hotel by twelve o'clock.2. An investigation is to be made next week.3. I am to meet them at the airport.4. You are to finish your homework before you watch TV.5. The medicine is to be taken three times a day after meals.6. Bob and Susan are to get married in October.ClozeXIV．(A)(1) host (2) heated (3) argument (4) impulse (5) tone(6) Shortly (7) emerged (8) slam (9) crawled (10) crisis(B)(1) comer (2) attention (3) noticed (4) shining (5) directed(6) There (7) bed (8) snake (9) its (10) feet (11) from (12) however (13) do (14) as (15) forward(16) neither (17) still (18) if (19) through (20) floor (21) pulling (22) under (23) cried (24) out (25) to(26) where (27) made (28) eyesTranslationXV.1. Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.2. The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.3. Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.4. While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwillingto leave the plane.5. The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself.6. While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.7. What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?8. The hunter's face (was) lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from amongthe bushes and run in the direction of/make for the trap he had laid.Key to Reading PracticeExercise A1. the adjective form of "spring" -- having elastic quality 有弹性2. pace + setter -- a person who sets speed for others 定律3. over + take -- catch up with and pass 赶上4. stiff + en -- become stiff 变僵硬5. talk in an informal manner 闲谈6. notice + able -- able to be noticed 显而易见7. spriug(y) + (i)ness -- the noun form of "springy”弹性8. the line that marks the end of a race g 终点线9. athlet(e) + (i)cal + ly -- the adverb form of "athlete" 在运动方面10. the noun form of "similar" -- points of likeness 相识之处Exercise B1. T2. F (He was still confident, thinking he would overtake her later on. )3. T4. F (He did not completely give up hope at that time. )5. T6. T7. F (The similarities between male and female runners are more important than the differenees. )Exercise CReading PassagesKey to Writing PracticePart Ifor, so, but, and, and, and, however, but, andPart IIWhile visiting India, I was invited to dinner in the home of a colonial official. During the meal; a heated argument sprang up among some of the guests. The point at issue (argument) was whether a woman could face a crisis with the same self-control as a man. suddenly I saw the hostess stare straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She silently motioned to a servant and he quickly placed a bowl of milk on the veranda. Since milk was commonly used as a bait for snakes, I guessed there must be a cobra in the room. In a commanding tone I told everyone not to move a muscle. Shortly the snake emerged from under the table and made for the bowl of milk. I had thought that I was the one in perfect control, but then the hostess remarked that she had dis-covered the presence of the cobra when it crawled across her feet!Unit 3Key to Study & Practice Comprehension of the TextII.1. c2. b3. b4. a5. c6. a7. d8. a V ocabularyV.1. (a) besides (b) except (c) besides2. (a) have received (b) accepted (c) received, accept3. (a) discovered (b) was invented (c) discovered, invented VI.1. alike2. asleep3. alive4. awake5. alone6. astirVII1. conflict with2. perform3. resented4. left (my car keys) behind5. error6. Constantly7. created 8. obtained9. above all 10. talentVIII.1. origin2. threatening3. in existence4. hesitates5. custom6. owes.., to7. Acting on 8. leaving.., to9. went out of her way 10. has ... been appointed11. perform 12. latter13. influence 14. humbleIX.1. Many authors use a false name when they publish their books.2. The origin of human life on earth is now believed to have been in Africa.3. The book was translated from Chinese into English under the personal supervision of the author.4. In spite of the personal participation of the President, the conferencefailed to produce agreement.5. Many Americans prefer to travel by car over any other means of transportation.6. Watches made in your factory are far superior in quality to those turned outin theirs.Word BuildingX.1. a wait-and-see attitude2. a life-and-death struggle3. a down-to-earth spirit4. an out-and-out lie5. an out-of-the-way mountain village6. a face-to-face talk7. a divide-and-rule policy 8. up-to-date machines9. word-for-word translation 10. a never-to-be-forgotten night XI.1. self-conscious2. self-sufficient3. self-educated4. self-respecting5. self-supporting6. self-madeXII1. frightened2. be heightened3. strengthen4. lengthening/to be lengthened5. hastened6. were.., heartened StructureXIII1. Although advanced in years, Thomas Edison remained as active and creative as many youngpeople.2. While still at college, Miss Leacock had her first novel published.3. A tiger cannot be tamed unless caught very young.4. The old lady carrying a basketful of eggs was run down by a taxi when crossing the street.5. I am sure Mr. White's latest play, once staged, will prove to be a great success.6. Ben is fully aware that if not properly managed, his shirt factory will haveto close down inless than a year.XIV.1 .... nor could he sing.2 .... nor were my classmates.3 .... nor does he intend to start now.4 .... nor did they invite my parents.5.... nor had her husband.6 .... nor did he ever find out.XV.1. It was Jefferson who wrote the Declaration of Independence.2. It is with genuine feeling that the author praises all that is progressive.3. It was on the beach that Miss White found the child lying dead.4. It was because the water had risen that we could not cross the fiver.5. It was Jim, a heartless fellow, who was heard shouting at his mother in thedead of night.6. It was not until I told her that Mrs. Williams knew anything about it.XVI1. Paul considered himself fortunate to have been admitted to HarvardUniversity.2. Don't you think it good for us to remember Jefferson's emphasis uponknowledge as a basis foraction?3. Today people find it impossible for one person to learn what needs to beknown about all subjects.4. His duty fulfilled, Henry felt a great weight taken off his mind.5. Alice considered herself lucky that she was not injured in the accident.6. The Chinese working class made its strength felt by playing the main rolein the May 4th Movement.ClozeXVII(A)( 1 ) action (2) personal (3) source (4) obtain(5) educated (6) origin (7) agreement (8) go(9) conflict (10) constantly (11) acted on (12) left behind.(B)( 1 ) before (2) aged (3) following (4) Now (5) lying(6) for (7) that (8) as (9) in (10) that (11) might (12) life (13) away (14) saved (15) was (16) given (17) does (18) the(19) done (20) more (21) in (22) andTranslationXVIII.1 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new con-stitution.2. By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information theyneeded in their research work.3. It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.4. The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport.5. Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother's.6. The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equip-ment.7. Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn't because asa soldier hehad to obey the order.8. Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars,I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.Key to Reading PracticeExercise A1. something set up in memory of (Lincoln) (using the context clue of related information)2. building set up in honor of gods (using the context clue of definition)3. the adjective form of "religion" (using word part clue)4. successful through one's own efforts (using word part clue and the context clue of definition)5. done with hands (using the context clue of examples)6. not popular (prefix)7. withdraw (restatement)8. not finite, without limits (prefix)9. the noun form of "generous" (suffix)10. not controlled; can not be believed (prefix and suffix)11. after war (word part); damaged (related information); the noun form of "popular" (suffix)12. killer; rubbed out (related information)Exercise B1. Lincoln had many of the qualities of leadership that Americans admire.2. Lincoln's career fits a popular belief that every child can dream of becoming President.3. Lincoln is also admired because of his leadership during the difficultperiod of the Civil War.4. Lincoln had many personal qualities that made him dear to the hearts of his countrymen.5. The uncontrolled emotional reaction of the nation to his death demonstratedthe deep esteem in which he was held.6. The circumstances of his death set Lincoln apart from other Americanleaders.Exercise CReading PassagesKey to Writing PracticeJefferson lived more than 200 years ago but many of his ideas are still ofvalue to us. Here aresome of the things he said and wrote.Go and see. Jefferson believed that books are not the only source ofknowledge. Many other sources, such as personal investigation and on-the-spot investigation, are often of greater importance.You can learn from everyone. Jefferson was born of the highest social class,but he did not only consult people of noble birth but sought advice from peopleof humble origin.Judge for yourself. Jefferson held that since Heaven has given each of us amind, we should use it to judge truth and error instead of following theopinions of others blindly.Do what you believe is right. Jefferson argued that it is conflict notunquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. If you believe your idea isright, you must act on it with decision, regardless of resentment or criticismfrom your opponents.Trust the future, trust the young. Jefferson believed in change. He didnot fear new ideas,nor did he fear the young. He said the earth belonged to the living generationand he looked to thefuture with courage and hope.Unit 4Key to Study & PracticeComprehension of the TextIII.1. c2. b3. a4. a5. c6. b7. d8. c9. a 10. b IV. (Omitted)V ocabulary1. were short of2. attached any importance to (that suggestion)3. have applied for4. consists of5. vital6. range7. survived(the plane crash) 8. leisure time9. proceeded 10. ultimate11. constitute 12. slimVI.1. salary2. prospect3. in turn4. smelled of5. depressed6. suburb7. stale 8. protested9. incompetent 10. interview11. Having little in common 12. disapproval13. advertise 14. plusVII.1. A resume generally consists of personal information, work experience and educational back ground.2. In today's job market, importance is attached to practical experience aswell as formal education.3. The pay for this type of work ranges from ten to fifteen dollars per hour.4. The thought of having to take the exam again depressed me.Or.I was depressed at the thought of having to take the exam again.5. Tony and his brother have little in common except that they share the same interest in cricket.Or.Tony and his brother have little in common except their shared interest in cricket.6. England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland constitute the United Kingdom. Word BuildingVIII.1. unlock2. unpacked3. undo4. unfolded5. unsay6. undressed IX.1. a blue-eyed girl2. a kind-hearted woman3. a simple-minded young man4. a double-faced guy/fellow5. long-haired rabbits6. a white-haired girl7. ~ left-handed person 8. a red-tailed bird9. a narrow-minded man 10. a short-sighted woman Structure1. surprising/surprise2. surprised3. excited, interested4. frightened5. bored, closing6. closed7. frightening 8. winning9. amusing, thinking 10. lostXI.1. The rumor proved (to be) true.2. The experiment proved (to be) a success in the end.3. The student proved (to be) much brighter than he had first appeared.4. His experiences on the farm proved (to be) a turning point in his writing career.XII.1. I could say "Thank you"2. I had time to look over my answers3. most of the students understood the first problem4. I could stop himXIII1. the letter must have been written by a small child2. they are probably Japanese3. he might have failed in his English exam4. the performance must be a great successClozeXIV(A)( 1 ) advertised (2) local(3) slim (4) apply(5) disapproval (6) consisted of(7) attached importance (8) Obviously(9) in common (10) salary(11) prospect (12) post(B)(1) Out (2) apply(3) others (4) know(5) preferred/chose (6) single(7) a (8) at(9) behind/after (10) careful(11 ) to (12) considerate/thoughtful (13) when (14) questions(15) polite (16) rest/others(17) floor (18) placed(19) turn (20) When(21) noticed (22) brushed(23) nails (24) excellent(25) moreTranslationXV.1. She got a post as a cashier at a local bank. But she was soon fired becauseshe proved (to be)incompetent.2. It is obviously/clearly his young assistant who is running the book store.3. No sooner had the proposal been announced at the meeting than she got to herfeet to protest.4. Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but hischances of getting itare slim.5. Being short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.6. The room smells of stale air. It must have been vacant for a long time.7. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.8. It is self-evident that the education of the young is vital to the future ofa country.Key to Reading PracticeExercise A1. c2. d3. a4. a5. a6. b7. d8. c9. b 10. d Exercise B见Reading Passages译文Key to Writing PracticePart IIn the United States there is a belief that people are rewarded forworking, producing andachieving. Many people believe that there is equality of opportunity that allowsanyone to becomesuccessful. This belief is illustrated by stories written by anineteenth-century American novelist, Horatio Alger, who wrote about the "American Dream". In his stories he described Ix)or people who became richbecause of their hard work, honesty, and luck. The stories reinforced the ideathat all individuals, no matter how poor, were capable of becoming wealthy aslong as they were honest and hard-working. For many Americans, however, Horatio Alger's "rags-to-riches" stories do not represent the reality of opportunity.Many poor immigrants who came to the United States in the nineteenth andtwentieth centuries were able to become rich. Today, however, the poor generallydo not rise to the middle and upper classes. That is why the "American Dream" isnow described as a myth.Part IIA young man, though eager to find a job, turned down a teaching post at a boys' school.During the interview he found the headmaster very unpleasant to talk with. Infact, he and the headmaster had very little in common. They disagreed sharply intheir views on education, particularly on the importance of games in theeducation of young boys. Also, the young man found that he was expected to teach almost all subjects, including the two he hated algebra and geometry. Worsestill, he would be required to play cricket with his class on Saturdayafternoons when his friends would all be enjoying themselves. He was still considering accepting the job even at the pitiful wage of twelve pounds a week,when he was told that he would be working under the headmaster's wife. In theeyes of the young man, nothing could be more insulting than having to takeorders from a woman boss. He had to refuse the job.Unit 5Key to Study & Practice Comprehension of the TextIII.1. b2. c3. a4. d5. c6. a7. b8. d V ocabularyV.1. few2. A little3. little4. few5. a few, little6. a few, few7. little8. fewVI.1. function2. corresponded with each other3. immune (to it)4. at ease5. displayed6. approach7. puzzle 8. a household word9. capable of carrying out 10. presented with/offeredVII.1. a series of2. approaches3. are pursuing4. ambition5. argued6. come to terms with7. work out 8. singled out 9. fortune10. taken apart 11. at ease 12. observe13. modest 14. applicationVIII1. He writes exclusively for the Washington Post.2. The friendship your people have for our people impressed me deeply duringmy visit in yourcountry. (Or: I was deeply impressed during my visit in your country by the friendship yourpeople have for our people. )3. It took Joe a long time to come to terms with the fact that he would nolonger be able to gosailing again.4. Jim's grandfather believes more in fresh air and exercise than in medicine.5. Owing to his poor education he was frustrated in his attempt to find a goodjob.6. Most American cities are relatively small in terms of population whencompared to Chinesecities like Shanghai and Beijing.Word BuildingIX.emotional angry central delightful (delighted)atomic exclusive feasible fortunate famous jealous personal capablesafe simple sandy original important valuable curious easyX.typewriter heartbeat honeymoonbloodtest airport motorcycleschoolmaster crossroad necklacespaceship eyesight superpowerloudspeaker lifeboat sunrise rainstormXI.1. handbag handbook handmade handsaw handshake handwork handwriting...2. housebreaker housekeep housekeeper housearrest housemate housework...3. workbook workday workmate workshop worksite worktable...4. bookkeeper bookmark book review bookseller bookshelf bookstall bookstore...5. riverside roadside bedside dockside inside outside...6. classroom living room reading room waiting room consulting room darkroom ...StructureXII.1. Joe's father was seen to return after dark.2. The wind was heard to roar through the trees.3. I don't think Tom can be made to take the boss's orders.4. The young man was seen to enter the building next to the bank.5. When she was in Shanghai the actress was heard to say she had long thoughtof this city as hersecond home.6. After the minister of education had finished speaking at the pressconference, he was made to。