人教版英语九年级Unit1GrammarFocus语法精讲精炼

初中英语学习资料
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Unit1 Grammar Focus 语法精讲精华
一、介词by 的用法
1.by 表示方式、方法或手段，后接名词或动名词，意为“使用某物；靠；乘(车、船 )等”。

如：Do you learn English by reading aloud? 你经过朗诵来学习英语吗？
I often go to school by bike. 我常常骑自行车去上学。

2.by 表示时间，意为“到时(为止)；在从前、不迟于”。

如：
I have to go to bed by ten o我必’须clock10.点前睡觉。

Can you finish your work by nine o你能’在clock?10点前达成你的工作吗？
3.by 表示地址、地点。

意为“凑近；在旁边”。

如：
The boy often reads books by the river. 这个男孩常常在河畔念书。

4.by 表示挪动的方向。

意为“从旁边过”。

如：
He walked by me without speaking. 他从我旁边经过，没有说话。

5.by 表示依据，意为“依据”。

如：
What time is it by your watch? 你的腕表几点了？
6.by 表示被抓着，被接触身体的某一部分。

如：
She took me by the hand.她拉着我的手。

二、动名词用法小结
1.动名词在句中作主语
Doing morning exercises is good for our health. 做晨操对我们的健康有利处。

(2)能够用 it 作形式主语，而把真实的主语后置。

如：
Getting up early is good for your health.
→It ’ s good for your health to get up early早.起对你的健康有利。

2.动名词在句中作宾语
动名词在句中作宾语时，一般放在某一及物动词或介词以后充任这一动词或介词的宾语。

(1)后接动名词作宾语的及物动词有：
finish, enjoy, keep, stand( 忍耐 )， suggest, advise, practice, allow, mind, imagine等。

如： The tourists enjoy staying in Kunming all the year round.旅客们喜爱一全年都待在昆明。

Do you mind opening the window? 你介怀开一下窗户吗？
(2) 动名词作介词的宾语,包含以介词结尾的动词短语，如：give up, take part in, be good at等。

如： I know you are good at drawing pictures. 我知道你善于画画。

Many young people took part in planting trees on Tree Planting Day.
好多年青人在植树节那一天参加植树活动。

语法精练
Ⅰ .选词填空。

1.Her mother goes to work________ (on/by) bus every morning.
2.The two kids practice spoken English________ (by/with) joining the English club.
3.______ (To watch/Watching) movies is a popular way for many people to relax.
4.As we know,it’ s not polite to keep others ________ (wait/waiting) for a long time.
5.Jane,come in and sit _________ (between/by) me.
Ⅱ .用括号内所给单词的适合形式填空。

6.Do you often memorize new words by_____ (make) vocabulary lists?
7.Can you finish ________ (do) your homework before nine o’ clock?
8.Don ’ t worry about _________ (make) mistakes when you talk to foreigners in English.
9. ____(help) each other at school is a way to improve our friendship.
10.We have worked for three hours. Let’ s stop _______have(work)arestand.
Ⅲ .用 by 的有关短语达成以下句子，每空一词。

11.I think the best way to learn English is _______________ ________ ________(听磁带).
12.Henry was sitting over there _______ ______ ____(在窗户旁 ).
13.Shall we go ________ ________ ( 乘火车 )?
14.The trees ________ _______ _______ (沿河的 ) are all very tall.
15.John is afraid to stay at home _______ ________ ( 他自己 ).
Ⅳ .依据汉语意思达成句子，每空一词。

16.我经过和朋友练习对话的方式来提髙英语。

I improve my English_______ ________ ________with my friends.
17.她以为读英语杂志是记生词的最好方法。

She thinks________ English magazines is the best way_________ _________new words.
18.多读有助于提升你的英语水平。

________ more ________ can help to improve your English.
19.他善于弹吉他。

He is good at_________ the guitar.
20.我看见一些孩子正在爬塔。

I saw some children_________ the tower
参照答案：
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ .11.by listening to tapes12.by the window13.by train14.by the river15.by himself Ⅳ .16.by practicing conversations； to memorize
18.Doing ； reading。