高考必备语法--定语从句常考点
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定语从句常考点
解题策略
定语从句是英语语法学习中的一大难关，也 是高考中的常考点。主要考查引导定语从句的 关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从 句(特别是当先行词是整个句子时)，由“介词＋ 关系代词”引导的定语从句等。做有关定语从 句题目时，一定要将先行词还原到从句里，看 其在从句部分充当什么成分。
9
关系代词whose的用法
①Do you know the man in ________ car she came
here? ②The man pulled out a gold watch，________ hands
were made of small diamonds. ＝The man pulled out a gold watch，the hands of
late.
答案
①from whom ②in/into which ③to/about whom ④on which
3 关系代词 as的用法
用于限制性定语从句中：当先行词被so，as，such，the same所修饰时，关系代词用as指人或物，而不用which。 用于非限制性定语从句中： 非限制性定语从句，特别是 先行词是整个主句时，由which和as引导的非限制性定语 从句，是高考命题的热点。
①He has two brothers，and both of ________ are
workers. He has two brothers，both of ________ are workers. ②China has hundreds of islands，the largest of
important.
答案
①where ②who；that/who/whom/不填 ③which I think
8 只能用that 或which的情况
只用that 的场合： ①当先行词既指人又指物时。 ②当先行词是不定代词anything，nothing，everything， all，some，little，few，much，none 或被不定代词修饰时。 ③当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。 ④当先行词被the only和the very所修饰时。 ⑤当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 ⑥当要避免与疑问词which重复时。
原因 why＝for which
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空： ①I still remember the day ________ we studied together.
I still remember the day ________ we spent together. ②This is the factory ________ he used to work.
③He failed in the exam，________ made his father very angry. He failed in the exam，________ I had expected.
④A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered,
________ is Taiwan. China has hundreds of islands，and the largest of
________ is Taiwan.
③He may not come，in ________ case we will not wait for him.
He may not come and in ________ case we will not wait for him.
This is the factory _用____ we visited yesterday.
③This is the reason ________ he explained. This is the reason ________ he failed in the exam. ④I don't know the way ________ he used last time. I don't know the way ________ he solved the problem last time.
适当的“介词＋关系代词”填空： ①He is the person ________ we should learn. ②The bag ________ he put his books is lost. ③The man ________ she is talking is a doctor. ④The train ________ he was travelling was
[注] as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的 非限制性定语从句的区别：
位置的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主
句前、 插在主句中间或放在主句末尾，而which引导的
非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面；
含义的区别：as引导的从句有“正如”之意， 而which则没此意。
用适当的关系词填空： ①This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry.
【答案】 ①that/which/不填；where ②when
6 定语从句中的数要保持一致
关系代词指代的是先行词，因此定语从句中 的谓语在数上应与先行词保持一致。
完成下列句子： ①Those who ________(break) the law should be
punished. ＝Anyone who ________(break)the law should be
stage，interval，stay等。
用适当的关系词填空： ①This is one poiΒιβλιοθήκη Baidut ________ we must insist on.
I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. ②Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
只用which 的场合： ①“介词＋which”，指物。 ②非限制性定语从句中。 ③防止重复。 ④指人的性质身份时，而不是指人时。
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空： ①He told us all ________ had happened. ②This is the most interesting film________ I have ever
seen. ③This is the first place ________ we visited yesterday.
This is the first place ________ we worked.
④This is the only plant ________ grows in the area. The earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually.
________ were made of small diamonds. ＝The man pulled out a gold watch，of ________
the hands were made of small diamonds.
【答案】 ①whose ②whose；which；which
is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk
much to their children during that period.
【答案】
①as；that ②as；where ③which；as ④as
考点4
并列句和非限制性定语从句的判断 并列句是由两个简单句组成的，句子中间必须要有并列 连词； 而定语从句是由主句和从句构成的。
【答案】 ①break；breaks；breaks ②were；was
7 定语从句中含有插入语
定语从句和先行词之间常常会有I think，you know， I believe，I thought 等插入语。做此类题目时，我们 要先去除插入语，再选择正确的关系词。
完成下列句子： ①This is the school ________ you know I once studied. ②I picked up a man ________ I thought was honest. ＝I picked up a man ________ I thought to be honest. ③He made a discovery，________(我认为) is very
【答案】
①when；that/which/不填 ②where；that/which/不填；that/which ③that/which/不填；why ④that/which/不填；that/in which/不填
2 介词＋关系代词
介词后只能用which指物，whom 指人，不可用that。 介词的选用可根据从句中相关词组确定，也可结合句 意根据先行词确定。该介词也可放在从句之尾。
⑤The glasses without ________ he couldn't see clearly were lost.
⑥I said nothing，________ made him angry.
【答案】①that ②that/不填 ③that/不填；where ④that；where ⑤which ⑥which
punished. ＝Whoever ________(break) the law should be
punished. ②He is one of the students who ________praised
at yesterday's meeting. He is the one of the students who ________praised at yesterday's meeting.
This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry it . ②This is the same place ________ I visited three years ago.
This is the same place ________ I worked three years ago
考点1 关系代词和关系副词的基本用法
主语
指人
宾语
定语
表语
主语
关系代词
that，who，
that，who
whom
whose
that
that，which
(可省)
指物 宾语
that， which (可省)
定语
表 语
whose
tha t
关系副词
时间 when＝介词＋which
地点 where＝介词＋which
【答案】
①them；whom ②which；them ③which；that
5 抽象时间及抽象地点做先行词
表地点的先行词模糊化在句中作状语时用关系副词 where，相当于in which；在句中作主语和宾语仍用 关系代词。常见的词有：point，situation，position， profession，job，case，system，scene，activity， society，culture，strategy，model，accident， economy，crime等； 常见的表时间的词有：period，occasion，
10 找准先行词
一般说来，定语从句是跟在它所修饰的先行词之后， 但有时也会出现先行词和定语从句被一个词或一个短 语所分隔，或者谓语太短等情况，这时我们要根据定 语从句的句意判断哪一个词是先行词。
①I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year. ②She'll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
解题策略
定语从句是英语语法学习中的一大难关，也 是高考中的常考点。主要考查引导定语从句的 关系代词和关系副词的选择；非限制性定语从 句(特别是当先行词是整个句子时)，由“介词＋ 关系代词”引导的定语从句等。做有关定语从 句题目时，一定要将先行词还原到从句里，看 其在从句部分充当什么成分。
9
关系代词whose的用法
①Do you know the man in ________ car she came
here? ②The man pulled out a gold watch，________ hands
were made of small diamonds. ＝The man pulled out a gold watch，the hands of
late.
答案
①from whom ②in/into which ③to/about whom ④on which
3 关系代词 as的用法
用于限制性定语从句中：当先行词被so，as，such，the same所修饰时，关系代词用as指人或物，而不用which。 用于非限制性定语从句中： 非限制性定语从句，特别是 先行词是整个主句时，由which和as引导的非限制性定语 从句，是高考命题的热点。
①He has two brothers，and both of ________ are
workers. He has two brothers，both of ________ are workers. ②China has hundreds of islands，the largest of
important.
答案
①where ②who；that/who/whom/不填 ③which I think
8 只能用that 或which的情况
只用that 的场合： ①当先行词既指人又指物时。 ②当先行词是不定代词anything，nothing，everything， all，some，little，few，much，none 或被不定代词修饰时。 ③当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。 ④当先行词被the only和the very所修饰时。 ⑤当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 ⑥当要避免与疑问词which重复时。
原因 why＝for which
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空： ①I still remember the day ________ we studied together.
I still remember the day ________ we spent together. ②This is the factory ________ he used to work.
③He failed in the exam，________ made his father very angry. He failed in the exam，________ I had expected.
④A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered,
________ is Taiwan. China has hundreds of islands，and the largest of
________ is Taiwan.
③He may not come，in ________ case we will not wait for him.
He may not come and in ________ case we will not wait for him.
This is the factory _用____ we visited yesterday.
③This is the reason ________ he explained. This is the reason ________ he failed in the exam. ④I don't know the way ________ he used last time. I don't know the way ________ he solved the problem last time.
适当的“介词＋关系代词”填空： ①He is the person ________ we should learn. ②The bag ________ he put his books is lost. ③The man ________ she is talking is a doctor. ④The train ________ he was travelling was
[注] as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的 非限制性定语从句的区别：
位置的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主
句前、 插在主句中间或放在主句末尾，而which引导的
非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面；
含义的区别：as引导的从句有“正如”之意， 而which则没此意。
用适当的关系词填空： ①This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry.
【答案】 ①that/which/不填；where ②when
6 定语从句中的数要保持一致
关系代词指代的是先行词，因此定语从句中 的谓语在数上应与先行词保持一致。
完成下列句子： ①Those who ________(break) the law should be
punished. ＝Anyone who ________(break)the law should be
stage，interval，stay等。
用适当的关系词填空： ①This is one poiΒιβλιοθήκη Baidut ________ we must insist on.
I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. ②Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
只用which 的场合： ①“介词＋which”，指物。 ②非限制性定语从句中。 ③防止重复。 ④指人的性质身份时，而不是指人时。
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空： ①He told us all ________ had happened. ②This is the most interesting film________ I have ever
seen. ③This is the first place ________ we visited yesterday.
This is the first place ________ we worked.
④This is the only plant ________ grows in the area. The earth is unlikely to be the only planet ________ life has developed gradually.
________ were made of small diamonds. ＝The man pulled out a gold watch，of ________
the hands were made of small diamonds.
【答案】 ①whose ②whose；which；which
is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk
much to their children during that period.
【答案】
①as；that ②as；where ③which；as ④as
考点4
并列句和非限制性定语从句的判断 并列句是由两个简单句组成的，句子中间必须要有并列 连词； 而定语从句是由主句和从句构成的。
【答案】 ①break；breaks；breaks ②were；was
7 定语从句中含有插入语
定语从句和先行词之间常常会有I think，you know， I believe，I thought 等插入语。做此类题目时，我们 要先去除插入语，再选择正确的关系词。
完成下列句子： ①This is the school ________ you know I once studied. ②I picked up a man ________ I thought was honest. ＝I picked up a man ________ I thought to be honest. ③He made a discovery，________(我认为) is very
【答案】
①when；that/which/不填 ②where；that/which/不填；that/which ③that/which/不填；why ④that/which/不填；that/in which/不填
2 介词＋关系代词
介词后只能用which指物，whom 指人，不可用that。 介词的选用可根据从句中相关词组确定，也可结合句 意根据先行词确定。该介词也可放在从句之尾。
⑤The glasses without ________ he couldn't see clearly were lost.
⑥I said nothing，________ made him angry.
【答案】①that ②that/不填 ③that/不填；where ④that；where ⑤which ⑥which
punished. ＝Whoever ________(break) the law should be
punished. ②He is one of the students who ________praised
at yesterday's meeting. He is the one of the students who ________praised at yesterday's meeting.
This is such a heavy bag ________ I can't carry it . ②This is the same place ________ I visited three years ago.
This is the same place ________ I worked three years ago
考点1 关系代词和关系副词的基本用法
主语
指人
宾语
定语
表语
主语
关系代词
that，who，
that，who
whom
whose
that
that，which
(可省)
指物 宾语
that， which (可省)
定语
表 语
whose
tha t
关系副词
时间 when＝介词＋which
地点 where＝介词＋which
【答案】
①them；whom ②which；them ③which；that
5 抽象时间及抽象地点做先行词
表地点的先行词模糊化在句中作状语时用关系副词 where，相当于in which；在句中作主语和宾语仍用 关系代词。常见的词有：point，situation，position， profession，job，case，system，scene，activity， society，culture，strategy，model，accident， economy，crime等； 常见的表时间的词有：period，occasion，
10 找准先行词
一般说来，定语从句是跟在它所修饰的先行词之后， 但有时也会出现先行词和定语从句被一个词或一个短 语所分隔，或者谓语太短等情况，这时我们要根据定 语从句的句意判断哪一个词是先行词。
①I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year. ②She'll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.