(完整word版)第一课第一篇含答案与讲解(word文档良心出品)

Passage 1
I.R ead the following p assage and answer the questions.
1.CIass warfare is a politically charged term these days, from the Wall Street protests to the Capitol Hill negotiations over cutting the nation 'debt. But a new con gressi onal an alysis, obta ined by Newsweek, may fuel pop ulist outrage by show ing the exte nt of gover nment subsidies that go to the wealthiest people in America.
2.From unemployment payments to subsidies and tax breaks on luxury items like vacati on homes and yachts, America ns earning more tha n $1 millio n collect more than $30 billion from government each year, according to the rep ort assembled by Sen. Tom Cobur n, a Rep ublica n from Oklahoma. In all, milli on aires receive hefty help from Un cle Sam. What is more, the gover nment disclosed to Cobu rn that some rec ipients of farm subsidies got it by mistake. Tax records show that more than three fourths of high earners collecting farming money list their p rimary reside nee in a city ——land un suitable for farmi ng.
3.T op ear ners, surprisin gly, also get sig ni fica nt amounts of unemployment in sura nee and disaster p ayme nts. The biggest money comes—or goes, rather—through unp aid taxes. 1More tha n 1,500 milli on aires p aid no in come tax last year, according to federal records, mainly due to
tax loopholes and experienced accountants. Tax breaks taken by millionaires on things like mortgage
in terest, ren tal expen ses and electric vehicles kee p cash from en teri ng the federal treasury.
4.“ Thecountry is sucking wind right now,” Coburn says. “ Weend up subsidizing the very wealthy and not helping the ones who really need the help. ” The Oklahoma n is one of the fewep ublica ns who support tax in creases as part of a plan to reduce the deficit. Mean while, an titax activist Grover Norquist, a freque nt opponent of Cobur n, says the whole system is too comp lex, and too un fair, and that lawmakers n eed to get rid of loop holes and to lower rates across the board.
5.Cobur n' s report is certa in to gen erate argume nts on the other side about
tax fairness. Why, some might wonder, shouldn ' people who feed the gover nment get to reap its ben efits? Milli on aires “ pay a lot into the system,
says Jose ph Thorn dike, head of the Tax History P roject. “ TJoa/er nment
comes to the rescue of people in bad mome nts, and it should do that bli ndly. ”
6.2Yet the crux of the argument—that millionaires are using the social safety net as a luxury shelter—fuels an ongoing campaig n by the White House to raise some taxes on top earners “ Republicansieed to stop supporting tax breaks for the richest America ns so we can use some of that money to create jobs and reduce the deficit, ” says White House sp okes person Amy Brun dage.
Or as Obama likes to put it, folks like him can afford to give more and take less.
1.Which of the following is true according to the first three p aragra phs?
[A]Both the Wall Street p rotests and the Con gress n egotiati ons are about class warfare.
[B]The in adequacies of tax rules can help many milli on aires avoid in come tax.
[C]Only the high-i ncome gro up can enjoy tax breaks on luxury items.
[D]All milli on aires get unemployment in sura nee and farm subsidies.
2.The expression “sucking win( Line 1, Paragraph 4 ) most probably
means __________ .
[A]making great efforts in vain [B] sufferi ng econo mic dep ressi on
[C] looki ng for a solutio n [D] p erformi ng very po orly
3.Jose ph Thorndike ' s po int is cited in P aragra ph 5 to _______________ .
[A]voice a totally differe nt opin io n on tax equality
[B]dem on strate the popu larity of the Tax History P roject
[C]stress milli on aires ' con tributi ons to the gover nment
[D]show that milli on aires have the right to get ben efits
4.We lear n from the last p aragra ph that __________ .
[A]tax in crease for milli on aires is the on ly way to reduce the deficit
[B]the White House has bee n fighti ng for rais ing taxes on top earners
[C]the White House and Republicans disagree on tax breaks for milli on aires
[D]milli on aires should take respon sibility for creati ng more jobs
5.Which of the following would be the subject of the text?
[A]Welfare for America n milli on aires raises heated argume nts.
[B]Billio ns of dollars of gover nment ben efit the wealthiest citize ns.
[C]America is facing trouble in deali ng with tax fair ness.
[D]Tax breaks and loop holes make America n economy worryi ng.
答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A
II. Translate into Chinese the underlined sentences in the above p assage. 1. More tha n 1,500 millio naires p aid no in come tax last year, accord ing to federal records, mainly due to tax loopholes and experie need acco untan ts.
联邦政府的记录表明，去年1500多个百万富翁没有缴纳所得税，这主要
是税收漏洞和老练的会计避税造成的。

2.Yet the crux of the argumen—that millionaires are using the social safety net as a luxury shelter—fuels an ongoing camp aig n by the White House to raise some taxes on top earn ers.
然而争论的焦点是百万富翁把社会保障体系作为奢华的保护伞，为白宫增加高收入人群税收的持续斗争再添新火。

词汇
charged tFB^dVi adj.充満（.情绪）的i an emolionally charged annosphere情绪激昂
的氛H
obtain 'Eb5telw v.得到s 获得:Adequate insurance corer is difficult to obtain.合适的保险不易获得.
fuel 充irEb v一煽动=使强烈！His words fii&U^her iff// more.他的话火上浇油，她更愤怒了-
*popviHst SpCpjEUst n.平民主义者；平民论者；民粹派
outrage巧mUtrridV m义愤：愤慨：阴\oice tr总恥闵"潮outrage她因愤怒之极而声音发
subsidy 皿n.补贴:agriciiitural农业补!K
taxljreakn.减税特怦？减税优惠
*yaclit jCl^ n.快艇：游艇
assemble E^sembl v.收為聚集；asssmble evidence material证据附料
叫亡加巧血酣adj.大重的；可观的
disclose ^dlsSfclEUz-' v.公开；透露=H E Jailed to disclose alt the 唤俪血呃他没有透露所育的信息.
recipient«rI5sIpIEni' a.援受者J F陀are passri e recipien/s cf infi}nnation伽用the
'world around us.我们被动地接收周围世畀的信息》
*Ioophole' 51u; phEW n.漏洞；空子
treasury r 5ae\Tri IL财政部；国库'•廿迹ury departtneni财政部
mortgage 5 mK:gI dV；' m （尤指因购买地产所需的）抵押；// M difficuli ta g a montage。

打an oldhous^以I日房作抵押很难获准》
*suckwjEd （经济学常用语）表现灵隹
end up doing sth最终处于（意料或意愿之外的境况等）；结果瞰了t意料或意！1之外的
事）:Iexpect ru ^nduppayiri^ the till, as usual ftffi计到头来如往常一样还得由我付账. deficit 5deflslt n.亏空额j 赤字1 Tax. was /ou and spending眦cs high, reselling in a 加龜椀刼M.税收少而政府支出犬:结果出现预算赤字.
opponent EipEUnEnt IL对手；敌手：JYer Qpponm 即the iennis court in feoT^s.她的对手含泪离开了网球场-
across the board包括所有成员、组织或阶层的j全面的：This firm needs radical changes across the board这家公司需要全面且彻底的大改组.
reap - n:p v,获得：H攵获？In terms of science, the Apollo programme reaped a meagre hon est. 从科学研究的角度而言，阿波罗计划收获甚徽-
come go to the rescue 援Sb 帮助s He came to our rescue yvith a loan of £ JOO.
着100英镑的借款赶来给我们解围.
blindly 5blalndli adv.不加肴虑地？盲目地s The government has blindly fillowed US policy. 该政府肓目追随美国的政策-
*crux IcrQks n.症结；关键
ongoing 5CngEUIN adj .持续的；进行中的s an ongoing debate的辩论。