新高考2024版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习21语法填空+阅读理解

练习21 语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
A days to Xi'an, as a first step 1.________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1，100­kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2.________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3.________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 4.________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 5.________ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6.________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1，000 plastic bottles along the 40­day journey.
In the last five years, Cao 7.________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8.________ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4，700 kilometers 9.________ Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 10.________ (plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
The Right Electric Bike for You
The bicycle fever is back, but this time it has gone electric. According to NPD Group which tracks the bicycle industry, electric bike sales have more than doubled since 2019. And their popularity is still on the rise. Confirm your need and pick the electric bike that's best for you.
MODEL
Swagtron EB5
Specialized Turbo
RadWagon 4
Ancheer EM
1.Which magazine is this text probably taken from?
A．TechlifeNews.
B．Muscle&Fitness.
C．HowItWorks.
D．ConsumerReports.
2．Which is most suitable for someone who wants to challenge long­range tours?
A．Swagtron EB5. B．Specialized Turbo.
C．RadWagon 4. D．Ancheer EM.
3．What can we learn about the electric bikes?
A．Designs of electric bikes are based on travel purposes.
B．Electric bikes are more popular than conventional bikes.
C．Riders of these electric bikes put speed in the first place.
D．The trend of electric bikes replacing cars can't be prevented.
B
demands for a low­carbon economy. Introducing electric vehicles (EVs) and reducing
gasoline use are helping, but zero­carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (转变) and long­t erm decarbonization of transport.
In the US, transportation produces the largest share of all greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in the economy at 29%, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol­based, but if mor e vehicles used hydrogen, emissions of this kind would plummet．
However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrogen into electricity can compete with EVs in performance—and even outcompete them on the range and refill time, extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen needed for fuel. Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.
Currently, governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy storage. But hydrogen transport will need rapid production methods to create the fuel needed for the world's road fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (纳米的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the sea water. The same technology has been successfully used in solar power devices. Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and as sea water makes up about 96% of all water on Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen. Researchers at Princeton University are using sunlight to separate hydrogen from industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater could transform it into clean hydrogen supplies.
4．What does the underlined word “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Stop. B．Decrease.
C．Continue. D．Disappear.
5．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Ways of storing hydrogen safely.
B．Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.
C．Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel.
D．Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.
6．What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean?
A．The application of solar power devices.
B．The method of identifying water elements.
C．The invention of the water transport system.
D．The use of the nanoscale thin­film technology.
7．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take Off
B．Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead End
C．How We Can Generate Energy from Hydrogen
D.What the Future of Transportation May Be like
黄金考点
语法填空——代词
练习21 语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。

1．答案与解析：to journey 考查非谓语动词。

句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。

分析句子结合句意可知，journey 为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。

故填to journey。

2．答案与解析：who 考查定语从句。

句意：在1 100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。

分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。

故填who。

3．答案与解析：held 考查非谓语动词。

句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹盛康决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。

分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。

故填held。

4．答案与解析：A 考查冠词。

句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。

根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。

故填A。

5．答案与解析：protection 考查名词。

句意：曹盛康和吴凡还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。

根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。

故填protection。

6．答案与解析：meaningful 考查形容词。

句意：曹盛康认为这将使这次徒步旅行更
加有意义。

此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。

故填meaningful。

7．答案与解析：has walked 考查动词时态。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹盛康穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。

故填has walked。

8．答案与解析：highest 考查形容词最高级。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹盛康穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据空前Africa's可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。

故填highest。

9．答案与解析：from 考查介词。

句意：9月20日，他从4 700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。

根据句意和Xi'an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from...to...表示“从……到……”。

故填from。

10．答案与解析：planning 考查非谓语动词。

句意：9月20日，他从4 700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。

分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。

故填planning。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文介绍了四款不同类型的电动自行车。

1．答案与解析：D 理解文章出处。

根据首段“Confirm your need and pick the electri c bike that's best for you”可知，这篇文章是根据消费者的实际需求，分别从车型，功能和适用人群进行详细客观的介绍，其根本目的是帮助消费者选择最适合的电动自行车，由此可推断出这篇文章可能来自《消费者报告》，故D项正确。

2．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。

根据Specialized Turbo部分中的“Riders who are eager for more challenging cycling or want to extend the riding distance”可知，这款车型适合渴望更具挑战性的骑行或想要延长骑行距离的骑行者，故B项正确。

3．答案与解析：A 推断。

根据首段中的“Confirm your need...that's best for you”以及“WHAT'S IT FOR？”栏目中的内容可推断，电动自行车是基于出行目的设计的，且B、C、D三项中的内容在文章中均未提及，故选A项。

B
【语篇解读】零碳氢可以加速交通运输的转型和长期脱碳，以满足社会对低碳经济的需求。

然而，氢气较难安全储存。

值得庆幸的是，研究一直在进步。

4．答案与解析：B 理解词汇。

第一段提到零碳氢可以加速交通运输的转型和长期脱碳以满足社会对低碳经济的需求。

第二段第一句提到，在美国，交通运输导致的温室气体的排放份额最大，由此可推知，画线词所在句表示“如果更多的车辆使用氢气，温室气体的排放量将会大幅下降”，故画线词意为“下降”，与B项的含义最为接近。

5．答案与解析：C 理解段落主旨要义。

本段首句“However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely”是该段的主题句，表示氢气由于较难安全储存，所以并不被认为是作为汽车发动机燃料的汽油的理想替代品，即本段主要讲述使用氢气作为汽车燃料的挑战，故选C。

6．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。

明题意：本题问“什么使得从海洋中获取氢气更有效？”→寻线索：根据倒数第二段的“Nanoscale (纳米的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the sea water”可知，纳米薄膜被应用于改善化学过程，以快速从海水中获取氢气→定答案：由此可知，纳
米级薄膜技术的使用使得从海洋中获取氢气更有效，故选D。

7．答案与解析：A 理解文章主旨要义。

通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了氢气作为一种新型的清洁能源有望替代汽油作为发动机的燃料，以满足社会对低碳经济的需求。

综合各选项可知，选项A最适合作本文标题。