英语语法练习重点及答案9

Ex09
1. Even though he was guilty, the _______ judge did not send him to prison.
A) merciful
B) impartial
C) conscientious
D) conspicuous
1．A）merciful意为“慈悲的”，例如：The lion is no more merciful than the tiger. 狮子和老虎一样残忍。

impartial 意为“不偏袒的，公正的”，例如：Law should be uniform and impartial. 法律应该一视同仁，不偏不倚。

conscientious意为“有责任心的，煞费苦心的”，例如：She is a conscientious doctor．她是位尽职尽责的医生。

conspicuous意为“引人注意的”，例如：She is always conspicuous because of her fashionable clothes．因为她穿着时髦，总是引人注目。

2. Even though I'm usually _______, I can't wait for you any longer.
A) patient
B) particular
C) pleasant
D) perfect
2．A）patient意为“有耐心的，容忍的”，如：The little boy was so naughty that even his mother remained patient with him no longer．那小男孩很淘气，即使他母亲也不再容忍他了。

particular指人时，意为“挑剔的，讲究的”，如：She is particular about what she wears.她很讲究穿着。

pleasant用于人时，作“友爱的，令人愉快的”讲，如：He is a pleasant person to work with．和他共事令人愉快。

perfect意为“十全十美的”，如：Nobody is perfect in the world．世上没有十全十美的人。

根据句子结构及意义可以看出A）为正确答案。

3. Eventually, people spread throughout the continent, _______ the entire species.
A) wiping out
B) wiping away
C) wiping off
D) wiping up
3．A）wipe out在此意为“消灭，毁灭”，如：The plague wiped out almost half the population of the island．瘟疫使岛上近半数的人口死亡。

wipe away意为“擦去，揩去”，如；Wipe your tears away．It's no use crying．擦去你的眼泪，哭是没有用的。

wipe off意为“擦去，除掉，勾销（债务）”，如：This evil practice should be wiped off the face of the earth．这种恶行必须从世界上铲除干净。

wipe up则表示“（用布）擦去（液体、尘土等），擦干（洗过的东西）”，如：Please wipe up your hands on a towel．请用毛巾擦干手。

4. Every camera we sell comes with a two-year ________.
A) guarantee
B) safety
C) confirmation
D) conservation
4. A）guarantee意为“保证，担保”，如：Goods are sold with money-back guarantee．售出商品如质量有问题保证退款。

safety作“安全，保险”讲，如：We are now in safety．我们现在安全了。

confirmation意为“证实，确定”，如：Evidence in confirmation of his statements is lacking．缺乏证据证实他的声明。

conservation意为“保存，保持”，如：Most people have come to accept the need for conservation if we are to make sure of a supply of minerals，food, forests，etc．for the future．多数人已开始认识到，如果要确保未来在矿物、食物、林木等方面的供应，我们必须节约资源。

5. Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be _______ in some form.
A) given off
B) put out
C) set off
D) used up
5. A）give off意为“放出，发出（蒸气、光线、烟、气味等）”，如：The gas gave off an unpleasant smell．煤气发出一种恶臭。

而put out意为“扑灭，熄灭，关掉”，如：Please put the light out．请关灯。

set off作“动身，出发”讲，如：They have set off on a journey round the world．他们已出发进行环球旅行。

use up为“消耗，用尽”，如：He has used up all his strength．他已耗尽了他的体力。

6. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, _______ the color of his skin.
A) with the exception of
B) in the light of
C) by virtue of
D) regardless of
6. D）regardless of意为“不管，不顾”，如：Regardless of whether he is right or wrong，you have to do what he tells you to．不管他是对是错，你必须照他说的做。

with the exception of意为“除……之外”，如：I enjoyed all his novels with the exception of his last．除了最后一本外，他的小说我都喜欢看。

in the light of意为“鉴于，由于，根据”，如：we must apply Marxism in the light of China's specific conditions．我们必须按照中国的具体情况应用马克思主义。

by virtue of意为“凭借，由于，因为”，如：He got the job in the laboratory by virtue of his ability．他是凭借自己的能力获得了这个实验室工作的。

由此可见，D）最符合题意。

7. Every society has its own peculiar customs and _______ of acting.
A) ways
B) behavior
C) attitudes
D) means
7．A）way此处意为“方式”，如：The way he did it attracted me．他做这件事的方式吸引了我。

而behavior 意为“行为，举止”，如：He has won a prize for good behavior. 因品行优良他得了一个奖。

attitude作“态度’讲，如：What's your attitude toward my work？你对我的工作持有什么态度？means意为“手段，工具”，单复数同形，如：There are（is）no means of learning what is happening．无法知道正发生什么事。

8. Evidence came up _______ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.
A) what
B) that
C) which
D) whose
8．B）在probability，certainty，likelihood，evidence等词后可以跟同位语从句，一般由that引导如：Can you produce any evidence that he was not at home that night？你能提出证据说明那天晚上他不在家吗？当这些词作主语且谓语又比较短时，通常将该主语与其同位语从句分开，如；The order soon came that all civilians should evacuate the village．不久命令下来了，所有居民都必须撤出村子。

由此可见B）为正确答案。

9. Except on official _______ such as formal receptions, American society has a certain amount of informality.
A) cases
B) situations
C) conditions
D) occasions
9．D）occasion意为“时刻，场合”。

“在……场合”要用短语“on…occasion”表示，例如：The jewels were worn only on great occasions. 只有在盛大的场合才佩戴珠宝饰物。

case意为“情况；状况”。

短语“in…case”表了“在……情况下”，例如：Iron rusts in the air, in which case a chemical change takes place．铁在空气中生锈，在这种情况下，发生化学变化。

situation意为“形势，局面”。

“在……情况，处于……境况”要用in…situation”表示，例如：She found herself in an embarrassing situation．她发觉自己处境尴尬。

condition意为“状况，状态”。

“in…condition”作“在……状况下”讲，例如：The car is in poor condition．这辆汽车车况不太好。

10. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature _______.
A) taking
B) take
C) to take
D) taken
10. D）have为使役动词，后面跟复合宾语，其中宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、现在分词或过去分词。

宾语补足语和宾语具有逻辑上的动宾关系时，使用have sth. done结构，如：My watch is broken and I have to have it repaired．我的手表坏了，得找人修一修。

所以四个选项中只有D）符合这一结构。

11. Exercise seems to benefit the brain power of the healthy and the sick, the young and the old _______.
A) alike
B) alive
C) together
D) included
11．A）alike意为“一样地，以同样的方式”，如：The strike is damaging to managers and workers alike. 罢工对劳资双方都有损失。

alive作“活着的，在世的”讲，如：Who is the greatest man alive? 谁是当今最伟大的人？together意为“在一起，共同地”，如：They went for a walk together. 他们一起去散步。

included则意为“包括在内的”，如；All of us myself included, have been totally committed to the project．我们所有人，包括我自己，都对此项工程非常地热衷。

12. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _______ healthy.
A) preserve
B) stay
C) maintain
D) reserve
12. B）四个选项中只有stay可作系动词、后跟形容词作表语。

其他三个词均为及物动词，后必须跟宾语。

stay作“停留，保持下去”讲，如：The weather stayed fine for a week．天气晴朗持续了一周。

preserve作“保护，保存”讲，如：We should carefully preserve our eyesight. 我们应小心保护视力。

而maintain作“维持，维修”讲，如：It's important to maintain good social order．维持良好的社会秩序是重要的。

reserve作“保留，保存，预订”讲，如：They entered the carriage reserved for them. 他们走进了为他们预订的车厢。

13. Faced with the _______ difficulties, they are determined to carry on their program.
A) satisfactory
B) attributable
C) innocent
D) intangible
13．D）intangible意思是“触摸不到的，无形的”，如：The menace is intangible and evasive．这种威胁捉摸不定，时隐时现。

satisfactory意思是“令人满意的”，如：The child's reading ability is satisfactory for his age level．这孩子的阅读能力以他的年龄水平来说是可喜的。

attributable意思是“可归因于……的”，如：Many diseases are attributable to lack of cleanliness．许多疾病是由不清洁引起的。

innocent意思是“清白的，天真的”，如：He is innocent about night life in the big city．他对大城市的夜生活一无所知。

14. Far from being single, he is now _______ with a wife and children.
A) encouraged
B) encumbered
C) encountered
D) encompassed
14．B）encumber意为“拖累，阻碍”，如：I don't want to encumber myself with unnecessary luggage. 我不想使自己受不必要的行李拖累。

encourage意为“鼓励，怂恿”，如: Don't encourage her laziness by doing things for her．不要替她做事，以免助长她的懒惰。

encounter意为“遭遇，不拥而进”，如：we may never again encounter．我们可能水远不会再见面。

encompass意为“包围，完成”’，如：He is encompassed with doubts. 他处在重重疑虑之中。

15. Fewer and fewer of today's workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field, _______ the same company.
A) all else
B) much worse
C) let alone
D) less likely
15．c）let alone意为“更不必说”，如：The baby can't even walk, let alone run．宝宝连走路都不会，更不用说跑了。

all else（其他所有的），much worse（更糟糕的是），less likely（更没可能的是）均不符合题意。

16. Finding a job in such a big company has always been _______ his wildest dreams.
A) under
B) over
C) above
D) beyond
16．D）beyond意为“超出，为……所不能及”，如：we succeeded beyond our hopes．我们获得成功，是我们始料不及的。

He lives beyond his income．他的生活人不敷出。

四个选项中只有D）才可与dreams构成
介词短语，表示“超出”，因此D）是正确答案。

17. Five minutes earlier, _______ we could have caught the last train.
A) and
B) but
C) or
D) so
17．A）本题旨在考查四个并列连词的用法。

连接词and可以表示条件，即and前一部分是条件，后一部分是在这一条件下产生的结果。

这一结构的前面部分通常用祈使句，有时也用省略句。

如：Work hard and you'll pass the examination．（= If you work hard, you will pass the examination．）如果你刻苦学习的话，就会通过考试。

One more hour and we will finish the work．再有一个小时，我们就会完成这项工作。

从全句来看，前面部分是一种条件，后面部分是一种结果，符合上述and的这一用法，因此选项A）正确。

but表示意义的转折，不符合题意。

or虽然也起连接两个句子的作用，但其意为“否则，要不然”，前面的句子通常是一种警告，如：Hurry up，or we'll be late for the meeting，快点，否则开会要迟到了。

so后面的分句虽然也表示一种结果，但前面的分句须表示原因，如：It was late，so we went home．天晚了，所以我们就回家去了。

由此可见，B），C）和D）皆不正确。

18. Flying in an airplane was once thought to be an impossible ______.
A) task
B) profession
C) promise
D) problem
18．B）profession作“职业”讲，尤指需要接受高等教育及特殊训练的专门职业，如；He is a lawyer by profession。

他的职业是律师。

而task 则意为“任务，工作”，如。

She finds housekeeping an irksome task．她觉得保持家务是一件令人厌烦的工作．promise（诺言）和problem（难题）均不合适。

19. For the past two years, Audi cars have _______ Germany's Touring Car Championship.
A) dominated
B) conquered
C) determined
D) contested
19．A）dominate意为“统治，主宰，控制”，如：The strong usually dominate the weak．强者通常统治弱者。

而conquer意为“征服，战胜”，如：Britain was once conquered by Normans．英国曾被诺曼人征服。

determine 则意为“决心，决定，确定”，如：Economic factors determine the progress which a society can make．经济因素决定社会的进步。

contest作“竞争，争取”讲，如：The soldiers contested every inch of the ground with the enemy．士兵们与敌人寸土必争。

20. For the sake of our future generations, we should make rational use of natural _______.
A) resource
B) resources
C) material
D) materials
20．B）resource作“资源”讲时常用复数，如：natural resources（自然资源）。

material作“材料，原料，物资”讲，如：Rubber is a widely used material．橡胶是一种用途广泛的原料。

21. Force is measured in pound _______ it is produced.
A) whenever
B) how
C) no matter how
D) although
21. C）whenever意为“无论什么时候，任何时候”，如：You can phone me whenever you like．你无论什么时候给我打电话都可以。

how常用来询问变化的事物，不能引导状语从句。

although引导让步状语从句，包含着阻碍主句行为或状态发生的不利条件，如：Although malice may darken truth，it cannot put it out．恶意可以污蔑真理，但不能抹煞真理。

no matter和how及wh- word连用时，引导让步状语从句，表示“无论……”，如：No matter how hard you try. you'll never lose your English accent．不管你多么努力，都改不掉英国口音。

根据句子结构和题意只有C）是正确答案。

22. Foreign disinvestment and the _______ of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985 further
weakened its economy.
A) displacement
B) elimination
C) exclusion
D) exception
22．C）exclusion意为“拒绝，排除，排斥”，与from搭配，如；His exclusion from the tennis club hurt him very much．网球俱乐部拒绝他加人，这使他很伤心。

而displacement意为“移置，代替”，如：The displacement of human labor by machines is an irreversible trend．用机器代替人工是不可逆转的趋势。

elimination作“删除，消除”讲，如：Elimination of slang words from an essay is a necessary step．从文章中删掉俚语是一个必要的步骤。

exception意为“例外，除外”，如：They passed the examination with the exception of three.他们中除三人外都及格了。

23. Four is the ______ of the numbers of 7, 9, 4. 12.
A) middle
B) smallest
C) less
D) lowest
23．B）根据结构，此处应用形容词最高级，故A）和C）应当排除。

D）虽是最高级，但low一般不修饰数字，也应当排除。

由此可见只有B）符合题意，为正确答案。

24. Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as _______ sicknesses.
A) normal
B) ordinary
C) average
D) regular
24．B）ordinary意为“普通的，一般的”，如；His ordinary tone of voice is very loud．他通常说话声音很响。

normal意为“正常的，平常的”，如：The collapse of the strike enabled the company to resume normal bus services．罢工的失败使公司恢复了正常的公交车营运。

average意为“平常的，普通的”，如：She reacts just like the average housewife．她的反应和一般的家庭主妇没什么两样。

regular意为“通常的，常规的，经常的”，如：We can't engage for our workers regular employment．我们不能担保我们的工人经常受雇。

25. Freezing is at present one of the most important methods of _______ meats and vegetables.
A) observing
B) deserving
C) preserving
D) reserving
25．C）observe意为“观察”，如：I have never observed him do otherwise.我从未看到他不是这样做的。

deserve 意思是“应受，值得”，如：He deserved the praise for his excellent job．他工作非常出色，理应受到表扬。

preserve 作“保存，防腐”讲，如：Salt preserves food from decay. 盐能防止食物腐烂。

reserve通常表承“预备，保留”之意，如：The first three rows are reserved for foreign guests．前三排留作外宾席。

由此可见C）为正确答案。

26. Fresh vegetables are straight from the _______ and raw vegetables are ______.
A) earth … cooked
B) soil … uncooked
C) floor … cooked
D) ground … uncooked
26．B）floor意为“地板”，ground意为“地面”，两者均不可指植物生长的场所，所以C）和D）错误。

earth 作“泥土”讲，如：Carrying earth is heavy work运土是繁重的工作。

soil意为“土壤”，是植物、树木生长之处，如：Plants and trees could not grow without soil．没有土壤，植物和树木无法生长。

uncooked意为“生的，未烹任过的”，如：Uncooked meat does harm to one's stomach．吃生肉对胃有害。

故B）最合题意，为正确答案。

27. From here, we can see the bridge _______ construction.
A) below
B) by
C) in
D) under
27．D）under作为介词，可以表示“正在……的过程中”，如：The bill now under discussion was put forward by Smith．正在讨论中的议案是史密斯提出的。

其他三个介词均没有这个用法。

28. From this material we can _______ hundreds of what you may call direct products.
A) derive
B) discern
C) diminish
D) displace
28．A）derive意为“获得”，如：He derives a lot of pleasure from meeting new people．他从结交新朋友中获得许多乐趣。

discern作“分辨，辨别”讲，如：It was difficult to discern which of them was to blame很难分辨出谁该负责任。

diminish意为“缩小，减少”，如：His illness diminished his strength．疾病使他日渐虚弱。

displace作“取代，赶走”讲，如：I don't want to be displaced in your heart by that young fool．我不希望我在你心中的地位被那位年轻的傻小子取代。

29. Fruit is cheapest _______ season.
A) at
B) on
C) in
D) through
29. C）in season是一固定搭配，意为“当今，在旺季”，如：hotels cost more in season．旅馆在旺季收费较贵。

30. Fruit pickers are paid at the _______ of $ 4. 00 an hour.
A) rate
B) scale
C) sum
D) value
30. A）at the rate of是固定搭配，意为“以……的价格”，如：I bought the apples at the rate of 2 yuan a jin．我买的苹果两块钱一斤。

其他各词均不构成如此搭配，所以A）为正确答案。