2019-2020学年人教版高一英语单元学案：必修2 Unit 2 (解析版) Word版含答案

姓名，年级：
时间：
Unit 2
【高频单词】
1．ancient （adj.) 古代的；古老的
2．compete (vi.）比赛；竞争→competition (n.）竞争→competitive (adj.) 竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor (n。

）竞争者
3．Greece （n.)希腊→Greek （adj.）希腊（人）的；希腊语的（n。

) 希腊人；希腊语4．magical (adj.)巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的→magic (n.) 魔术；法术；巫术
5．volunteer (n。

) 志愿者；志愿兵 (adj。

）志愿的；义务的 (vt。

& vi。

) 自愿
→voluntary（adj.)
6．regular (adj.) 规则的；定期的;常规的→regulation （n.）规则；规章制度
7．basis (n。

）基础；根据→bases （pl.) 基础；根据→basic (adj。

）基本的；基础的
8．admit （vt. & vi.）容许;承认；接纳→admission (n。

) 准入；准许→admitted （过去式/过去分词)
9．slave (n。

）奴隶→slavery (n.）奴隶制
10．host （vt。

）做东;主办;招待 (n。

）主人
11．responsibility (n。

) 责任；职责→responsible （adj.) 有责任心的
12．replace （vt。

）取代;替换;代替
13．swift （adj。

) 快的；迅速的
14．charge （vt. & vi.) 收费;控诉（n.）费用；主管
15．physical (adj。

）物理的;身体的→physics 物理学
16．advertise （vt. & vi.) 做广告；登广告→advertiser (n.) 广告商→advertisement (n.) 广告
17．bargain (vi。

) 讨价还价；讲条件（n.) 便宜货
18．hopeless (adj.) 没有希望的；绝望的→hopeful （adj.) 有希望的
19．foolish (adj。

) 愚蠢的；傻的→fool （vt。

) 愚弄；欺骗
20．pain （n.）疼痛;痛苦→painful （adj.) 令人痛苦的
21．deserve （vi。

& vt。

）应受（报答或惩罚）;值得
【重点短语】
1．in_charge 主管；看管
2．on_purpose 故意地；蓄意地
3．make_a_bargain_with_sb。

与某人达成协议；与某人讨价还价
4．pick_up 拾起;接收;搭车；恢复；好转；（偶然)学会
5．work_out 计算出；理解；解决；锻炼
6．one_after_another 陆续地；一个接一个地
7．compete_in 参加（比赛,竞赛）
8．take_part_in 参加；参与
9．stand_for 代表;象征；表示
10．as_well 也；又；还
11．apart_from 除……之外
【热点句型】
1．nor放于句首的倒装句
No other countries could join in, nor_could_slaves_or_women (奴隶和妇女也不能参加)!
2．not only。

.but (also)．..“不仅……而且……”
Women are not_only_allowed (不但被允许)，but_play_a_very_ important_role_in（而且在……中发挥重要作用）gymnastics， athletics, team sports and.。

.
3．as much＋不可数名词＋as。

.。

“和……（在程度上)是一样的"
There’s as_much_competition among countries to host the Olympics
as_to_win_Olympic_medals (跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈）．(教材P10)
4．the＋比较级（..。

)，the＋比较级(..。

）“越……就越……"
This is important because the_more_you_speak_English,_ the_
better_your_English_will_become （你说英语越多，你的英语就越好）．
高频考点一、单词
例1、compete vi.比赛；竞争
How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games？
有多少国家参加了古代奥运会？
【归纳拓展】
(1)compete in参加……比赛/竞争
compete for为……而竞争
compete against/with sb。

for sth.与某人竞争某物
(2)competition n．比赛；竞争
competitor n．比赛者；对手
competitive adj。

有竞争力的;竞争性的
【名师点睛】
compete多用作不及物动词，必须跟适当的介词才能跟宾语.表示与某人比赛用with或against；表示比赛的目的用for；表示比赛参与的项目时用in。

①Like many young athletes， she had Olympic dreams， but a serious illness kept her from competing_in the Games。

和其他的年轻运动员一样，她也有奥运梦想，但严重的疾病使她无法参加奥运会比赛.
②Life is like a long race where we compete_with others to go beyond ourselves.
人生就像长跑比赛，在这场比赛中我们常常在与他人的竞争过程中来超越自己。

③Young children will usually compete_for their mothers' attention。

小孩通常都会在母亲面前争宠。

④Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive world。

没有人能够完全远离这个充满竞争的社会.
⑤There is now intense competition between schools to attract students。

现在学校之间为了招揽生源展开了激烈竞争。

例2、admit vt.＆ vi.容许；承认;接纳;容纳
Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.
只有比赛项目达标的运动员才有资格成为参赛者。

【归纳拓展】
(1）admit＋n./doing/having done/that从句承认某事/（已经)做了某事
admit to sb. that 向某人承认
admit sb./sth。

to_be。

.。

承认某人/物是……
be admitted as作为……被接受
be admitted to/into获准进入/加入
It is admitted that.。

.人们公认……
（2）admission n．进入;许可；入场券;承认,坦白
①He was admitted_as a member of the baseball team。

他被接受成为棒球队的一名队员。

②It is_admitted_that reading is mostly a personal activities which needs quietness and concentration.
人们公认，读书在很大程度上是一个私人活动，它需要安静和专心.
③The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to_be_admitted_into my favorite university will come true。

考试结果很可能如我所料，我被我最喜欢的大学录取的梦想将会实现。

④When the police questioned him, George admitted having_stolen the car。

当警察审讯他时，乔治承认他偷了那辆车。

⑤She failed to gain admission_to the university of her choice.
她未被自己选择的大学录取。

⑥I couldn't admit_to my parents that I was finding the course difficult.
我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难.
例3、replace vt。

取代；替换；代替;把……放回原处
So even the olive wreath has been replaced！（P10）
就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了!
【归纳拓展】
replace sth. with/by sth。

用……替换……
take the place of＝take_one's_place代替
in place of 代替
replacement n. 替换；更换；接替者
【语境助记】
①It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced_by computers in class。

人们普遍认为在课堂上老师永远不会被电脑取代。

②It’s not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks。

不吃正餐,改吃点心,这不是什么好主意。

③The glass doors have_taken_the_place_of the wooden ones at the entrance。

玻璃门已经取代了入口处的木门。

④He was unable to come to the ceremony, but he sent his son to accept the award in_place_of him.
他不能亲自来参加仪式，但派了他儿子前来代他领奖。

例4、charge n．费用；主管vt.& vi。

收费；控诉；充电
...duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong.
所负担的责任以及事情出错后会陷入的麻烦.
【归纳拓展】
（1）charge sb。

for sth.为某物向某人收费
charge sb。

with sth。

指控某人某事
（2）in charge of主管；看管;负责
in the charge of。

.。

在……掌管之下
take charge of负责;掌管
free of charge免费
【名师点睛】
1.in charge of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责主管某事"；in the charge of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。

类似的还有in the possession of和in possession of，in control of和in the control of等。

2。

charge和accuse都有“指控，控告”之意，但是charge常与介词with搭配,而accuse 常与介词of搭配。

【语境助记】
①He was_in_charge_of/took_charge_of the company while the boss was absent.
当老板不在时,他负责整个公司。

②As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won't charge_you_for delivery.
只要你预先付款,我们就不收你送货费。

③Bob was_charged_with the murder, but he refused to admit it。

鲍勃因一起谋杀案被指控，但他没有承认。

④We can deliver goods to your door free_of_charge。

我们可以免费送货上门.
例5、bargain vi.& vt.讨价还价；讲条件n．便宜货
Her father said that she must marry, so Atalanta made a bargain with him.
父亲说她必须结婚,于是阿塔兰忒就和父亲达成了一个协议.
【归纳拓展】
(1)bargain with sb. about/over/for sth。

和某人就某事讨价还价
(2)make a bargain with sb。

和某人达成协议
（3)a good/bad bargain买得（不)合算
It’s_a_real_bargain. 这可真是个便宜货。

【名师点睛】
bargain用作名词时为可数名词，常和不定冠词连用。

【语境助记】
①They were_bargaining_with each other about/over the price of coffee。

他们在为咖啡的价格进行商议。

②Father made_a_bargain_with the real estate agent when we bought our new house。

当我们买新房时，父亲与那个房地产经纪人达成了协议。

③In my opinion, the car was a bargain at that price。

依我来看，那辆车的价格真便宜。

例6、deserve vi。

& vt.值得；应当(受到)
Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race?
你认为希波墨涅斯应该(算）赢得比赛吗？
【归纳拓展】
（1）deserve_sth。

值得；应受
（2）deserve to_do应该做某事
（3)deserve doing/to be done应受；值得
(4）deserving adj。

值得的;应得的
【名师点睛】
deserve后接名词或doing sth。

，常用主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动语态,该用法与want， need， require的类似用法相同.
【语境助记】
①She worked day and night and now she deserves_a_good_rest.
她日夜工作，现在她应该得到很好的休息。

②He deserves_to_lose in the competition because he cheated.
他活该输掉比赛，因为他作弊了。

③No matter how ordinary a job is， it plays a part in society and therefore deserves_our_respect。

无论一个工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着一份作用，所以值得我们的尊重。

④It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve
respecting/to_be_respected。

正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才值得尊敬。

⑤The man donates money to a deserving cause every year.
这个男人每年都要捐钱给一个值得赞助的事业。

高频考点二、短语
例1take part in 参加；参与
Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games？
谁不能参加古代奥运会?
【归纳拓展】
take part in＝join in 参加
take an active part in积极参加……
play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色
【名师点睛】
1。

take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时,形容词前要用不定冠词。

2.在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。

【语境助记】
①Take_part_in eco－travel and you will find it will help you understand the importance of nature.
参加生态旅游,你就会发现这项活动有助于你理解自然的重要性.
②It goes without saying that taking_an_active_part_in_social_ activities can broaden our horizons。

不言而喻，积极参加社会活动能开阔我们的视野。

③China is playing_a_more_important_part_in the international affairs。

中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用.
④My brother attended a law school after he left middle school。

Yesterday he took_part_in the meeting held in his class. He joined_in the discussion whether they would join a theater club。

At last, most students signed up for it， including my brother。

我的哥哥中学毕业后上了一所法律学校。

昨天,他参加了一场在他们班举行的会议。

他参与讨论了是否他们应该参加一个戏剧俱乐部。

最后，许多学生报名参加了，也包括我的哥哥。

例2、used to 过去常常;过去曾经(后接动词原形)
I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago。

很久以前，我常常写一些关于奥运会的情况。

【归纳拓展】
（1)否定形式：used not to＋动词原形＝usedn't to＋动词原形
did not use to＋动词原形＝didn't use to＋动词原形
(2)疑问形式:used＋主语＋to＋动词原形＝did＋主语＋use＋to＋动词原形
(3）There used to be。

.。

过去曾经有……；过去曾存在……
(4)be used to_do sth. 被用来做……
be used to doing sth。

习惯于……
【语境助记】
①I used_to smoke， but I gave up a couple of years ago.
我以前吸烟，但几年前就戒掉了。

②We are/get_used_to the noise from the traffic now.
现在我们已经适应车辆往来的噪音了。

③I'm not used to eating_so_much at lunchtime.
我不习惯午饭吃那么多。

例3、as well 也；又;还（常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用）
For each Olympics， a special village is built for them to live in， a main reception building， several stadiums for competitions， and a gymnasium as well.
每届奥运会都要建一个特殊的村庄（奥运村)供参赛的人住宿，一个主接待楼、几个比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。

【归纳拓展】
(1）as well as用作连词，连接两个相同成分，如：名词、形容词、动词、介词等,通常不位于句首。

此时as well as强调的重点在前面,意为“不但……而且……;既……又……；除了……之外,还有……"。

(2)as well as作介词，相当于besides,_in_addition_to，意为“除……之外，还……”，后面通常接名词或动词。

ing形式。

（3）当主语含有as well as时,谓语动词须和as well as前面的主语在数上保持一致。

（4）may/might as well表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议，意思是“我们不妨……；我们还是……吧".
【语境助记】
①New experiences often mean taking some risks， so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as_well.
新经历经常意味着冒一些风险，这样你的大脑也就提高了风险承受的能力。

②She intends to fight to make it a woman's as_well_as a man's world。

她打算为使这个世界不仅属于男性，也属于女性而奋斗。

③She can sing; she can play the piano as_well。

她会唱歌，她也会弹钢琴。

④Future agriculture should depend on high technology as_well_as traditional methods.
未来的农业应依靠传统方式，也要靠高科技。

⑤The weather is so bad that we may/might_as_well stay at home.
天气太糟了,我们倒不如待在家里。

【易混辨析】
⑥用as well， also， too和either填空
a．Not only I like this movie, but my mother likes it as_well。

b．The researchers also looked at whether the teens had been trying to lose weight.
c．Once united， we common people are able to conquer nature, too。

d．He did not even say anything to her, and she did not speak to him either.
高频考点三、句型
例1、No other countries could join in, nor_could_slaves_or_ women！
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
【归纳拓展】
(1)句型“nor/neither＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语"用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”。

(2）句型“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语"用于肯定陈述句之后，表示前面所
说的情况也适合于另一个人或物。

(3）句型“so it is (was） with/it is (was) the same with＋另一主语”既能表示肯定意义，又能表示否定意义，其主要用于以下情况：
①上文有两个分句；
②上文有两个（或两个以上)不同谓语；
③上文既有肯定也有否定。

（4)句型“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”中的主语
与前一句的主语通常是指同一个人或物，主语、谓语不需要倒装。

这种句型表示说话者赞同前句所提到的情况或事实，其中的so作“不错；确实如此”讲。

(5）“主语＋do＋so”在上下文中用来避免重复，可译为“某人/物那样做了”。

【语境助记】
①Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and nor/neither_will_Tom。

简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会.
②Frank likes to keep pets and so_does_his_wife。

弗兰克喜欢养宠物,他妻子也一样。

③Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.
So_it_was_with_Jane./It_was_the_same_with_Jane.
玛丽在澳大利亚出生,在美国居住。

简也是。

④—Putin has been named the world’s most powerful person by Forbes magazine for the third year in a row.
—So_he_has.
—-普京在连续三年中第三年被评为《福布斯》全球最具权力人物。

-—确实是。

⑤He asked me to come and I_did_so。

他让我来，于是我就来了。

例2、There's as_much_competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
国与国之间争取奥运会举办权的竞争，就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。

【归纳拓展】
(1） as。

.as“像……那样；正如”.第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。

第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。

当as.。

as中间有名词时,应采用以下格式：
as＋adj。

＋a/an＋n。

（单数）＋as或as＋many/much＋n。

(复数/不可数)＋as
(2）否定句式：not as/so..。

as。

.。

意为“不如……”
（3）．。

times as＋adj./adv. ＋as.。

“是……的几倍".表达倍数的词必须置于比较结构之前。

（两倍时用twice）
【语境助记】
①Obviously, the boy doesn't work as_hard_as many of his classmates。

显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那么刻苦。

②Getting rid of a bad habit is as_much a struggle as forming a good one。

摆脱坏习惯就像养成好习惯一样需要艰苦努力。

③She has as_sweet_a_voice_as her mother。

她有像她妈妈的一样甜美的声音。

④Petrol is three times as_expensive_as it was a few years ago in China。

在中国汽油比几年前贵了两倍。

例3、This is important because the_more you speak English， the_better your English will become.
这是重要的，因为你讲英语越多，你的英语将越好。

【归纳拓展】
（1）“the＋比较级＋(主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级＋（主语＋谓语)"意为“越……就越……”。

(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级"意为“越来越……”,表示本身程度的变化。

【名师点睛】
“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”结构有时可以转化为if条件从句，如：下面例①可改为：You will make greater progress if you work harder.
【语境助记】
①The_harder you work， the greater progress you will make。

你工作越努力，进步就越大.
②The_more_careful_you_are,_the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越小心，你犯的错就会越少.
③The_higher you stand, the_farther you will see.
你站得越高就看得越远。

④More_and_more_cars are running in the streets today， in which case,
more_and_more_waste_gas will be released into the air。

在今天越来越多的汽车在街上穿梭，在这种情况下，将会有越来越多的废气被排入空气中。

高频考点四、语法
一般将来时的被动语态
1.定义
一般将来时的被动语态表示在现在看来将来某一时刻或时段里即将要发生的被动动作。

句中常有tomorrow， soon, next year， in a few days, in the future, sometime等时间状语。

2.结构
(1）will/shall be done
If you park your car here, you will be fined。

如果你将车停在这儿，你将被罚款。

(2)am/is/are going to be done表示计划、安排或打算被做
These letters are going to be typed and sent off very soon.
这些信件将很快打好并发出。

（3)am/is/are to be done表示注定要、一定会被做或计划、安排将要发生的被动动作The machines are to be repaired tonight。

今晚一定会修理这些机器。

（4)am/is/are about to be done表示立即或马上就要发生的被动动作
The polluted water is about to be cleaned。

被污染的水即将被净化。

(5）am/is/are done用于状语从句中表示将来要发生或完成的被动动作
When our classroom is decorated，it will be more beautiful.
当我们的教室被装修完毕时，它会更加漂亮.
（6）will/shall＋get done
The workers will get paid before the end of December.
这些工人将在12月底前拿到工资。

1。

【2019·浙江卷，A】
Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military（军队的）medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet。

But unlike most collectors， Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful owners， and returns them.
His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother， a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A。

G. Piccoli， found in an antique shop。

Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one himself in a war as a soldier。

So when his mother gave him the medal， he knew right away what he had to do。

Through the Internet， Zac tracked down Corrado's sister Adeline Rockko。

But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions： "Who are you？What antique shop?” However, when she hung up， she regretted the way she had handled the call。

So she called Zac back and apologized。

Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y。

"At that point, I knew she meant business，” Zac says。

"To drive eight hours to come to see me."
The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado，a translator for the Army during WWII， was killed in action in Europe.
Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing。

Like many military medals, the one Zac's mother had found was a family treasure。

" This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions（场合)would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands，” Adeline says.
As a child，Adeline couldn’t understand why the medal was so significant。

“But as I grew older，” Adeline says， "and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left。

” Corrado Piccoli's Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown。

Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado’s medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5。

21。

Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？
A. In the army.
B. In an antique shop。

C. From his mother.
D。

From Adeline Rockko。

22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？
A。

She was very impolite.
B. She was serious about the medal.
C。

She suspected his honesty。

D. She came from a wealthy family。

23。

What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?
A. Her parents’ advice.
B. Her knowledge of antiques.
C。

Her childhood dream.
D。

Her memory of her brother.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。

Zachariah Fike有一个不同寻常的业余爱好：他在网上和古董店里寻找旧的军队勋章，然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。

文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源.
21。

A
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart—he earned one himself in a war as a soldier"可知，当Zac还是一名士兵的时候，在一次战争中他获得了一枚Purple Heart。

故A选项正确。

22。

B
【解析】推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“To drive ei ght hours to come to see me"可以推知，Adeline为了那枚Purple Heart开车八个小时来见Zac，由此可知，她对于这件事是认真地.因此,At that point, I knew she meant business应该指的是Zac意识到Adeline对这
枚勋章是认真的.故B选项正确。

23。

D
【解析】推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“Corrado, a translator…was killed in action in Europe”和倒数第三段中的“as I grew older…and missed my brother more and more，I realized that was the only thing we had left ”这枚勋章寄托了Adeline对于去世的哥哥Corrado的回忆和思念，这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的东西了。

因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。

故D选项正确。

2。

【2019·浙江卷，B】
Money with no strings attached。

It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month， a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read， "Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”
People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board。

“People of all ages, races, and socio—economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took, ”said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox， which created the project。

"We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars。

” Most of th e bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives，tens and even twenties。

The video clip(片段)shows one man who had found a ＄ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,” Bridges said。

“There’s a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took dollars took only a few，but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could。

While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities
might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet。

“After all, everyone has bad days and good days,” he said。

“Some days you need
a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
24. What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean？
A。

Money spent without hesitation。

B。

Money not legally made.
C. Money offered without conditions.
D。

Money not tied together。

25。

What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?
A。

Women tended to be more sociable.
B。

The activity attracted various people.
C. Economic problems were getting worse。

D。

Young couples needed financial assistance。

26. Why did Bridges carry out the project?
A。

To do a test on people’s morals。

B. To raise money for his company.
C. To earn himself a good reputation.
D。

To promote kindness and sympathy。

【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。

短文报道了上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的,拿走你所需要的".这样的活动吸引了各种各样的人，组织者希望通过这样的活动来提倡仁慈和同情。

24.C
【解析】词义猜测题。

由第一段“But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month， a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, "Give
What You Can, Take What You Need。

”可知,但是上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上别针别满了美元,上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的"。

所以通过下文的语境，判断出第1段中的money with no strings attached是“无条件提供的钱”的意思.故B选项正确.
25。

B
【解析】推理判断题。

由第二段““People of all ages， races, and socio—economic(社会经济的)backgrounds gave and took， "said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox， which created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars。

”可知,发起该项活动的泰勒·布里奇斯说：“所有年龄、种族和社会经济背景的人都会付出和索取。

”甚至有一位穿着婚纱的新娘来到了牌子前，拿走了一些钱。

所以通过泰勒·布里奇斯所说的，可以判断出,他提到新娘就是想说明这项活动吸引了各种各样的人。

故B选项正确。

26。

D
【解析】细节理解题.由倒数第二段“While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy”可知，尽管这段视频看起来像是一项新的广告活动的一部分，但是布里奇斯说这次活动唯一的目标是表现出慷慨和同情。

所以布里奇斯实施这个活动是为了提倡仁慈和同情。

故D选项正确。

【2018·江苏】请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项，并
在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
1000 Fifth Avenue New York， NY 10028
211-535—7710 www。

metmuseum。

org
Entrances
Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street
Hours
Open 7 days a week.
Sunday-Thursday 10：00—17：30
Friday and Saturday 10:00-21：00
Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25，January 1,and the
first Monday in May。

Admission
$25。

00 recommended for adults, ＄12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters（回廊）on the same day； free for children under 12 with an adult。

Free with Admission
All special exhibitions， as well as films, lectures, guided tours，concerts， gallery talks， and
family/children's programs are free with admission.
Ask about today’s activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.
The Cloisters Museum and Gardens
The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages. The
extensive
collection consists of masterworks in sculpture， colored glass,
and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the
15th century.
Hours： Open 7 days a week。

March-October 10:00—17:15
November-February 10:00—16:45
Closed Thanksgiving Day， December 25，and January 1。

56. How much may they pay if an 11—year—old girl and her working parents visit the museum？
A. ＄12。

B。

$37. C。

$ 50. D。

＄ 62
57. The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that ________。

A。

it opens all the year round
B. its collections date from the Middle Ages
C.it has a modern European-style garden
D。

it sells excellent European glass collections
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了英国艺术博物馆和修道院博物馆的参观指南，包括参观时间、价格、特点等。

56。

C 细节理解题。

根据Admission部分和Free with Admission部分，根据“$25。

00 recommended for adults”可知,成人25美元每人；根据“All special exhibitions, as we ll as films, lectures， guided tours， concerts, gallery talks，and family/children’s programs are free with admission”可知,带孩子的家庭中孩子免费，故C父母及他们11岁的女儿总计付50美元,故选C项。

57。

B 细节理解题.根据The Cloisters Museum and Gardens部分第一句“The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.”可知，修道院博物馆和花园的收藏品来
自中世纪欧洲，故选B项。

B
In the 1760s， Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted（享有）a special meat soup called consomme。

Although the main a ttraction was the soup, Roze’s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out， which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant。

Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants。

Take
visual hints that influence what we eat： diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食）when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty。

Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness， they couldn’t tell how much they’d had： those given extra—large shares ate more than everyone else， but were none the wiser-they didn’t feel fuller， and they were just as ready for dessert.
Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants。

Unlike fast—food places. fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend。

One way to
encourage customers to stay and order that extra round： put on some Mozart（莫扎特）.When
classical， rather than pop, music was playing， diners spent more。

Fast music hurried diners out。

Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender（薰
衣草）stayed longer
and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.
Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending—”bad" tables，crowding。

high prices —don't necessarily。

Diners at bad tables —next to the kitchen door，say - spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not ”be overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables，” given that they're profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant's reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices。

And doubling a buffet's price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.
58。

The underlined phrase "none the wiser" in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the
customers were 。

A。

not aware of eating more than usual
B。

not willing to share food with others
C. not conscious of the food quality
D. not fond of the food provided
59. How could a fine dining shop make more profit?
A. playing classical music。

B. Introducing lemon scent。

C. Making the light brighter，
D。

Using plates of larger size。

60。

What does the last paragraph talk about?
A. Tips to attract more customers.
B。

Problems restaurants are faced with.
C。

Ways to improve restaurants’ reputation.
D。

Common misunderstandings about restaurants。

【答案】58. A 59。

A 60。

D
【解析】本文为议论文。

本文介绍了现代餐馆刺激消费和食欲的几种方法，以及人们对餐厅的一些错误看法。

58。

词义猜测题。

根据文章第三段划线部分的前句they couldn’t tell how much they'd had: those given extra—large shares ate more than everyone else，可知,在黑暗中，他们说不清自己吃了多少，再根据划线后的句子they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert。

可知,他们虽然吃得很多，但并没有感觉更饱，仍然在等着吃甜点，所以他们没有意识到自己吃多了，故A正确。

59. 细节理解题.根据第四段中的One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特）可知，要想让客人呆的时间更长应该播放莫扎特等古典音乐而不是流行音乐.Particular scents also have an effect： diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草）stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.引入薰衣草香而不是柠檬香，而D项文章没有提及，所以用排除方法可以选A。

60. 主旨大意题。

根据文章最后一段第一句Meanwhile， things that you might expect to discourage spending—"bad” tables， crowding，high prices —don’t necessarily.可知，你认为可能会影响人们消费的因素如：不好的桌子,拥挤以及高价等不一定会真影响人们的消费,然后依次举例进行了证明，所以本段主要讲的是人们对于饭店的几个误解，故选D。

C
If you want to disturb the car industry， you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom—and—pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies。

But in agriculture， small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly。