北京市2019中考英语二轮复习阅读理解10含答案解析

北京2019中考英语阅读理解（十）
专题十八 阅读理解
第10讲 阅读理解解题方法指导
1. 掌握北京中考阅读理解CD 篇的命题规律；
2. 掌握北京中考阅读理解CD 篇的解题方法；
3. 掌握北京中考阅读理解CD 篇的高频词。

北京中考阅读理解CD 篇命题规律总结
阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，也是中考的一项重要内容。

中考阅读理解主要考察学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。

要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。

近年来逐渐显现出文章易懂，但选题较难的趋势，要求阅读速度为每分钟约40-50词。

北京中考阅读理解CD 篇的阅读材料的选取一般遵循三个原则：1. 阅读量约在350-450字之间；2. 题材广泛，包括日常生活类、人生百味类、科普环保类、教育类和社会现象类等；3. 体裁多样，以议论文和说明文为主。

北京中考阅读理解CD 篇考察的主要内容是：1. 考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力；2. 考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力；3. 考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力；4. 考查推断作者意图和态度的能力；5. 考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。

建议：平时阅读理解要加强科普类、议论类文章的阅读，做题方法不要只停留在机械寻找信息上，注重名师点拨
教学目标
文章写作结构、主旨大意、观点态度的理解上，阅读英文原著，不要局限于中考试题。

北京中考阅读理解CD篇解题方法指导
一、阅读理解解题步骤
二、阅读理解解题技巧
语篇练习
北京中考阅读理解CD篇分类练习
日常生活类
（北京中考C篇）
Are You Right Handed or Left Handed?
Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（别扭的）.
In the past, people thought it was strange to use the left hand. Young students looked down upon their left-handed classmates. Some children were even punished for using their left hand to write. But these days parents and teachers have accepted that. In almost every school in the world,
left-handed students can use their left hand to write.
What causes people to be left handed or right handed? Experts have searched long and hard on this. They conclude（得出结论） that left-handed people are left handed for the same reason that right-handed people are right handed. One out of every ten people just is a left-handed people are right handed. One out of every ten people just is a left-hander. It’s simply like the color of our eyes – some people have brown eyes, while some others have black eyes.
However, may researchers think that left-handers and right-handers are different in some aspects. Right-handers are more talkative and outgoing than left-handers. Many right-handed people understand spoken words better. For example, after they listen to directions to a supermarket, they can find it easily. Right-handers are good at organizing people, too. They are also better basketball guards. Just ask Yao Ming.
Research shows that left-handers are creative and artistic. Many famous performers, like Jim
Carrey and Paul McCartney, are left handed. Many left-handers learn better visually（在视觉方面）. In art, both Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo were left handed. In music, Ludwig van Beethoven was left handed. In science, you find Newton and Einstein. The left-handed people are also really good at tennis and other single sports.
If you prefer one hand, but you are still good at writing with the other, you are mixed. Research shows mixed-handers can remember everyday things better than other people. What did you eat for lunch two weeks ago? If you’re mixed handed, you can probably remember.
1. If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will .
A. get hurt
B. give up cutting
C. feel awkward
D. change their tools
2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Causes of being left handed.
B. Encouragement to left-handers
C. Punishment for using the left hand.
D. Changes in opinions on left-handers.
3. According to the passage, right-handers .
A. learn better visually
B. are good organizers
C. are better at single sports
D. give clear directions to others
4. From the passage, we can learn that left-handers .
A. may be more talkative and outgoing
B. are ordinary people like right-handers
C. might remember everyday things better
D. no longer need to use right-handed tools
北京中考D篇
Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored?
Children need time to stand and stare. They should be allowed to get bored to that they can develop their ability to be creative.
Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.
Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up.
Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.
Dr. Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning. “Boredom could be an uncomfortable feeling,” she said. “But some young people cannot deal with that boredom creatively. So sometimes t hey may break a classroom window, or drive a car out for a mad race.”
Usually, when children have nothing to do, they would turn on the TV, the computer, or the phone. Their time on these things has increased, yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play or just watching the world around them.
It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination. On the other hand, the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process. That can be harmful to the development of creativity. “F or developing the ability to be creative,” Dr. Belton advised, “perhaps we need to stand and stare, and stay off-line from time to time.”
1. What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Slow down.
B. Keep up with.
C. Go beyond.
D. Give rise to.
2. The writer talks about Syal and Perry to .
A. stress the great differences between them
B. introduce a popular writer and a famous artist
C. suggest good ways of going through boredom
D. show effects of boredom on developing creativity
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Boredom provides children with space to think freely.
B. It’s much better for children to be busy than be bored.
C. Boredom helps children deal with difficulties properly.
D. It’s boring for children to think abo ut their experiences.
北京东城一模C篇
Wonder is a book about a ten-year-old boy called August, or Auggie, who feels normal but looks very different.
Wha t’s Wonder about?
Auggie lives with his parents and sister in New York. He is a normal boy in many
ways. He rides a bike and likes playing with his Xbox. But Auggie has deformities(畸
形）of the face and looks very different from other children. At the start of the book,
he tells us "My name is August. I won't describe what I look like. Whatever you're
thinking, i t’s probably worse. " In the street, people look at Auggie and are
frightened.
Auggie has never been to school because he has spent a lot of time in hospital. His mother teaches him at home. But now he’s ten, she thinks he should go to school. At first, Auggi e doesn’t want to go. He worries that other students will look at him and say terrible things. But when he visits a school with his mum, he likes the head teacher and decides to go. Auggie’s first year at school has good times and bad times. He makes some good friends but other children are rude to him. At the end of the year, Auggie goes on a school trip and a frightening event there changes things completely. Is it a good book?
Wonder is an excellent book, It tells an exciting story that makes you feel many different emotions. It is easy to like Auggie. He has a good sense of humour, so the book has a good mix of funny and sad moments. But the book isn’t just about Auggie. We also learn what life for his sister, and his friend, Jack. Wonder is popular with people of all ages. Pre-teens, teenagers and adults all love the book.
A bestseller
Wonder is RJ Palacio’s first book. On her website, she explains that she had the idea for Wonder after seeing a girl with deformities on the street one day. Many schools use the book to start discussions about bullying, friendship and being different. The book is very popular and has won prizes. Many people are looking forward to seeing what RJ Palacio writes next.
1. How is Auggie different from other boys?
A. His name is special.
B. His face shape is not normal.
C. He doesn’t go to school.
D. He likes playing with his Xbox.
2. Why doesn’t Auggie want to go to school at first?
A. Because he has to stay in hospital.
B. Because his mother teaches better than teachers.
C. Because he doesn’t think he should go to school.
D. Because he is afraid other students may make fun of him.
3. What can we know about the book?
A. It tells the story of a real family.
B. Many schools use it to educate students.
C. Adults like the book more than children.
D. The emotions of the story are hard to understand.
北京西城一模C篇
As kids, we learn how to write, maybe play a musical instrument and draw. So why don’t we learn to code(编码) computer programs too? What coding has in common with writing, playing music and creating art is that it lets you bring your ideas to life. Coding is all about creativity and that’s why I love it.
Creating with code
Coder Dojo helps young people around the world to learn computer programming for free. When I we nt to my first Coder Dojo class in Dublin City University in Ireland, at age nine, I didn’t know anything about coding or even what it was. But I remember making my very first web page that first day, and being surprised that I could create such a thing. It was a great feeling that I think every young person should experience!
By going to Coder Dojo every week, I learned how to make websites, apps and games. One of my apps is called Auto-Journalist. It can help journalists(记者) and interviewees do interviews even if they are both really busy or live in different time zones. It is still in development, and I have showed it at all event called Coolest Projects Awards, where young people get to show the public what they have created with code. It’s so much fun to share one’s creations, and to see what everyone else has made too.
Learning environment
For the past three years I have also been helping to teach other young people at Coder Dojo DCU. In recent years I have also noticed many more girls attending Coder Dojo DCU to try out coding. This has a lot to do with the Coder Dojo girls’ classes—girls and young women take part in it with their friends，and it doesn’t feel like coding is a “boy thing”. It is really wonderful to see this, because we need more girls an d women in STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths). It’s a good way to learn more about technology.
Start early
One of the main things I have learned in the last few years is that coding is not only for adults, coding is for young people, too. And when you are a child it is a great time to start coding, because
your imagination is the limit for what you can create!
Want to learn more? Find out if there is a Coder Dojo near you at www. Coder dojo. com or set one up yourself! Also check out Code. org which has lots of fun drag-and-drop coding games.
1. In the writer’s first coding class, she _______.
A. made apps and games
B. created a web page
C. wrote for newspapers
D. did some interviews
2. Why do more girls begin to learn coding?
A. There are coding classes for girls.
B. Girls want to learn a “boy thing”.
C. There are more girls in STEM.
D. Girls can meet cool boys there.
3. What does the writer think of coding?
A. It is better than playing music.
B. It limits children’s ima gination.
C. It stops people from learning fast.
D. It helps children with their creativity.
4. What is probably the best title for this passage?
A. Start Coding as Early as Possible
B. Come for Fun in Coder Dojo Class
C. Kids Should Have Chances to Learn to Code
D. STEM IS Calling for More Girls and Women
北京海淀一模D篇
Living next to next is the principle (原则) of a neighbor. Good neighborliness is the ideal to be aimed at. As the saying goes, no man is an island; he has to live with his neighbors. To make life easy and pleasant, he must cooperate with his neighbors.
Whether one likes it or not, one cannot do without neighbors. Normally one may think he can do without neighbors because he can manage all comforts and services, so the services or the need for a friend may not happen. However, the sympathy (同情), admiration and appreciation which a neighbor may offer will have a great humanizing influence. To share one’s view and sometimes even sadness, one needs some neighbors.
But all neighbors are not always keeping the friendly relationship. Stresses and tension (紧张) develop because of misunderstanding. Very often children may be the cause for tense feelings.
The neighbor’s son may pick a flower or a fruit from your garden and an argument may follow. Again he may throw his ball at your window breaking it. These are common cases so far as the younger one is concerned but it is for the elders to view them with calmness and make up for it. This may read easy on paper but not so in real life. But being broad minded, one must be able to tolerate (容忍). Another reason for tension may be the animals. Your neighbor’s dog may be a real trouble or his chickens would come into your garden and eat away your plants.
In all these cases to keep up good neighborliness, some understanding between the neighbors is important. Small differences can be easily patched up or worked out. Try to be friendly and the problem will not be difficult to solve. Care can at times play a good part and help the neighbors in a small or big way. Nobody is perfect and it is better not to speak ill of your neighbors. A cheerful word, a nod or a small talk will strengthen the feeling of good neighborliness.
Neighborliness is not only for people but it is also largely important between neighboring countries. History has got a lot to teach on this. Unless countries learn to live as good neighbors, there cannot be peace on earth. So children must be taught at home and in the school to cooperate with the neighbors and be friendly with them. The basic rule is to give and take and to develop a sense that the other man has as much right as you do, and some degree of tolerance is very necessary.
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. One is often needed by his family.
B. No one likes to be alone on an island.
C. Everyone has to live with his neighbors.
D. Everyone lives an easy and pleasant life.
2. Which of the following may cause misunderstanding?
A. Hobbies and habits.
B. Children and pets.
C. Sports and games.
D. Likes and dislikes.
3.What does the sentence “Small differences can be easily patched up or worked out.” in Paragraph
4 probably mean?
A. Praising others can help to be good neighbors.
B. Unimportant disagreement can be easily solved.
C. One can easily make good use of small arguments.
D. Nobody can be perfect enough to speak ill of others.
4. In the passage, the writer tries to ____.
A. show the important of getting on with neighbors
B. teach the basic rules of behaving well at home
C. explain the reasons of learning teamwork
D. introduce ways of being a better person
北京朝阳一模D篇
Eating Together
After my mother passed away and my brother went to study in New Zealand, the first thing that really felt different was the dinner table. My father and I began eating separately. We went out to dinners with our friends or just ate sandwiches in front of our computers. Then, a few weeks before I was set to leave for university, my father walked downstairs. “You know, I think we should start eating together even if it’s just you and me,” he said. “Your mother would have wanted that.”
It wasn’t perfect—the meals we made weren’t amazing and we missed Mom and my brother. But there was something special about setting aside time to be with my father. It was a comfortable moment to get away from busy days：an excuse to talk, to think about the day, and recent events. Eating together was a small act, and it needed very little of us—and yet it was surely one of the happiest parts of my day.
Sadly, Americans hardly eat together anymore. In fact, most American families report eating a single meal together less than five days a week. It’s a pity that so many Americans are missing out on the meaningful time with their loved ones, and it’s even more than that. Not eating together also has negative (消极的）effects both physically and psychologically (心理上地）.
Children who do not eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week were 40% more likely to be overweight compared to those who do. And students who do not eat with their parents are more likely to be truant at school .Just the opposite, children who do eat dinner with their parents five or more days a week are less likely to run away from school without reason. They also report being closer with their parents than children who eat dinner with their parents less often, according to a study conducted by the National Center at Columbia University.
Then how do we eat better, not just from a nutritional perspective (营养角度),but from a psychological one as well?
Perhaps seeing eating together as an opportunity to get away with stress, a chance to catch up with those whom we love could help our children do better in school, get in better shape, and be less likely to have problems. Eating together also leads children to report better relationships with their parents and surely relationships between adults can similarly benefit.
So try eating together, and you’ll find it’s totally worth it.
1.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Most Americans share meaningful time with their loved ones.
B. The writer likes going out to eat sandwiches with friends and parents.
C. Eating together with parents is a big event and needs lots of preparation.
D. Children who don't eat dinner with parents are more likely to be overweight.
2.The un derlined part “be truant at school” probably means “________”.
A. be absent from school
B. be pleased at school
C. be present at school
D. be disappointed in school
3.The writer probably agrees that
A. eating together doesn’t have good effects on adults
B. it’s important for the young to eat together with parents
C. it’s totally worth spending much money in eating together
D. people who eat together often are likely to have problems
北京东城二模C篇
Telecommuting
For most people, a usual workday means waking up, eating breakfast,
driving to the office, working for about 8 hours and then driving back
home. But not all workers have this experience. Many people work from
their homes. This kind of work is called telecommuting or telework.
A person who telecommutes is called a telecommuter.
People have worked in their homes for thousands of years. But the
modern idea of telecommuting started in the early 1970s. Improvements in technology, especially networking technology, helped support the development of telework. As communication technology became cheaper and more powerful, telecommuting became more of a choice for workers.
Both companies and individuals（个人）can benefit from telework. One benefit for companies is that it can save money. It can also help improve morale. This is because workers who have choices about how they work are often happier. If workers are happier, they are likely to do better jobs. This is good for the company. As for individuals, they can save money by cutting down their transportation costs. They also save time because they do not have to go to the office every day. Depending on how often they work from home, telecommuters can save between 15 and 25 workdays every year.
Even though there are many benefits to telework, there are also some disadvantages. Managers are worried about losing control of the workers. If the worker is not in the office, managers don't know what they are doing. Telework can also be bad for a person's working life. Managers are more likely to give a promotion（升职）to workers that they see every day, so telecommuters have less chance of getting promoted than regular workers. As telecommuters often work alone, another bad effect of telecommuting is separation from other people.
Telecommuting has a place in the society today. Helped by more powerful technologies, teleworkers of the future will be able to communicate in new and improved ways. This will make telework better and make sure that it will have a more important place in the future.
1. What does telecommuting mean?
A. Driving to work.
B. Working from home.
C. Working in an office.
D. Working for 8 hours a day.
2. What does the underlined word “morale” probably mean?
A. Health.
B. Abilities.
C. Spirits.
D. Wealth.
3. What's one of the disadvantages of telecommuting?
A. It makes a worker unfit and upset.
B. It makes a worker uninterested in his job.
C. It makes a worker have less chance of promotion.
D. It makes a worker have worse control of his time.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Telework will get improved in the future.
B. Telework has a history of hundreds of years.
C. Teleworkers work for more days every year.
D. Teleworkers are good at communicating with others.
北京西城二模C篇
Kids Speak Up
In an online poll (投票), TIME FOR KIDS and Kids Health. org asked kids how they are getting along with their parents. Here’s what they told us.
Getting Along and Having Fun
About two out of three kids said they get along very well with their parents. About four out of five told us they have fun with their p arents. But that doesn’t mean they never disagree. In fact, most kids reported arguing with their parents sometimes.
“It’s common to disagree and argue,” says D’Arcy Lyness, a child psychologist (心理学家). “But it’s also important to learn how to do so respectfully.” About half of the kids said they are doing that. When they disagree with their parents, they say they have a discussion calmly.
But two out of five kids said arguments always involve shouting at each other. Lyness points out that shouting never helps. “Speak up, and let your parents know your ideas,” she advises. “But be patient. Don’t use a raised, angry voice.”
Not surprisingly, three out of four kids admitted (承认) to lying at times. Many said they lie to avoid getting in trouble or disappoint ing their parents. According to Lyness, lying isn’t just
wrong. It can actually get bad results. Telling the truth builds trust. “When parents can trust you, they are more likely to give you more freedom.” she says.
A Changing Relationship
Kids ages 12 to 14 not only said they lie more, but they also reported having less fun, feeling less close, and not getting along as well with their parents.
According to Lyness, those feelings are not uncommon. As kids grow up, they have more disagreements or arguments with their parents. But it doesn’t have to be that way. “Kids and parents get along differently at different times of the journey of life,” she says. As kids grow and change, it is important for everybody to adapt (适应). “There’s a dance of ways that you a ct with others and get along,” she points out. “Then there’s a change, and it’s a different dance.” Change is normal, she stresses.
Share this story with your family. You may find that you have a lot to talk about.
1. According to the poll, how many kids get along very well with their parents?
A. About 4/5.
B. About 2/3.
C. About 1/2.
D. About 2/5.
2. What does Lyness advise kids to do when arguments happen?
A. Listen to their parents calmly.
B. Try to understand their parents.
C. Voice their opinions with patience.
D. Tell a white lie to avoid problems.
3. According to Lyness, which is a possible way for kids to get more freedom?
A. To tell the truth.
B. To care more about their parents.
C. To make less trouble.
D. To have a talk with their parents.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Disagreements between parents and kids are avoidable.
B. Kids ages 12 to14 lie more because they have less fun.
C. The relationship between parents and kids stays the same.
D. Both parents and kids should make changes to get on well.
北京西城二模D篇
Travelling with your belongs on your back, or backpacking is
self-planned budget (预算) touring using low-cost transport, and
often going on foot. Backpackers don’t carry suitc ases or stay in
pricey hotels. Instead, they walk around with backpacks filled with
everything they need, ready to sleep under the stars if necessary.
With their limited budget, they need to choose lodgings (住宿) and
transport based on an old saying — the lower the price, the better.
The lure (吸引力) of adventure has made backpacking a popular travel style among young people
and students who are seldom owners of fat wallets. They prefer exploring a place by themselves, with only a printed map, or a smart phone on hand.
“A package tour may suit a family’s needs, but it’s not my cup of tea,” says Betty Lam, who went backpacking in New Zealand with three friends last summer. “I want to explore a place according to my choice, my timetable and myself.”
Were there any particularly memorable events on the trip?
“Once, the train to Auckland was put off and two of our group were hungry, so they left their backpacks with us and went to a nearby shop to buy something to eat. I still remember the scene with Tammy and me running flat out to catch the train, carrying four huge backpacks. The other two were racing behind us as they’d panicked when they saw the train getting ready to pull away from the station. I held the train door open while Tammy was shouting. “Quick — ju mp in!” Susie came in head first with June landing on the top of her like a sack of potatoes! It was so funny!”
So was the trip worth all the effort?
“Definitely. True, we had a few quarrels (争吵); we have different interests, and it wasn’t easy to please everybody. But we managed to reach a compromise (妥协) every time. Travelling with friends helps you learn about getting on with people and working together. All of us had gained a lot by the end of the holiday — the four of us had become really good buddie s.”
What should backpackers always carry with them?
Betty laughs —“not too much! Comfortable walking shoes are important. A raincoat is necessary and bring some practical clothes.”
So, is that everything to bear in mind?
“Well, yes and no, because you can’t prepare enough. You need much information about where you’re going to stay, transport, food, etc. Most importantly, you must have insurance (保险) —just in case your money, passport or backpack get stolen, or you get sick. Take time planning and you’ll have fun safely.”
1. What do backpackers usually do?
A. Stay in pricey hotels.
B. Face a lot of dangers.
C. Spend much money.
D. Choose cheap transport.
2. Which of the following statements about Betty is true?
A. Betty preferred travelling with her family on holidays.
B. The friendship improved as a result of their adventures.
C. Only half of Betty’s group caught the train to Auckland.
D. Betty toured New Zealand with backpackers she met there.
3. What’s the main purpose of the pass age?
A. To give us some advice on backpacking.。