高考英语一轮复习 Unit 24 Society讲义 北师大版选修8

Unit 24 Society
[一积词汇见多识广]
[课内单词回扣]
(一)阅读词汇写其义
1．inequality n．不平等 2.deposit vt.&vi.存储，储蓄
3．currency n．货币 4.ownership n．所有权
5．pension n．退休金，养老金 6.shrink vi.(使)收缩，缩小
7．leisure n．闲暇，空闲8.feast n．盛宴，宴会
9．grocer n．食品杂货商10.poster n．海报
11．skip vt.跳过12.robbery n．抢劫
13．revenge n．复仇，报复14.moreover adv.再者，此外
(二)表达词汇写其形
1．burden n．重担，负担 2.resign vt.& vi.辞职
3．delete vt.删除 4.undertake vt.着手做，从事
5．cast vi.&vt.投下；选派 6.abolish vt.废除
7．furthermore adv.此外，而且8.sentence n．判决
9．accumulate v．积累10.vacant adj.未住人的，空置的
(三)拓展词汇灵活用
*1.preservation n．维护，保存→preserve vt.保存，保管
*2.edition n．版，版本→edit vt.编辑，校订→editor n．编辑，校订者
*3.voluntary adj.自愿的→volunteer v．自愿做n．志愿者
4.abundant adj.大量的→abundance n．大量
*ern vt.统治，管理→governor n．统治者，总督→government n．政府
*6.adjustment n．调整，调节→adjust vt.调整，调节vi.使适应→adjustable adj.可调节的
*7.elect vt.选举，推选→election n．选举；当选；选择权
8.merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的→mercy n．宽容，仁慈
9.rot vt.& vi.腐烂；腐朽n.腐败→rotten adj.腐烂的
10.consequently adv.所以，因此→consequent adj.作为结果的；必然的→consequence n．结果，后果
用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空
1．She used to edit newspapers, and now she is the editor of a dictionary which is now in its sixth edition.
2．The paintings are in an excellent state of preservation. That is to say, they are well preserved.
3．The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable,_so my son's bike demands constant adjustments.
4．In the latest election,_ Mary was elected chairwoman of the Student Union.
5．It is the governor of the city who governs the city. And he is a candidate for central government.
6．In our school, the volunteers often volunteer to do voluntary labor after school.
[话题单词积累]
1．store /stɔː(r)/ n．商店
vt. 储藏，存储
2．supermarket /'suːpəmɑːkɪt/ n. 超市
3．mall /mɔːl/ n. 购物中心
4．cafeteria /ˌkæfə'tɪərɪə/ n. 自助餐厅
5．cinema /'sɪnəmə/ n. 电影院；电影
6．bar /bɑː(r)/ n. 酒吧
7．cafe /'kæfeɪ/ n. 咖啡馆，小餐厅
8．antique /æn'tiːk/ shop 古玩店
9．economy /i'kɔnəmi/ n. 经济
10．commerce /'kɔməːs/ n. 商业
11．corporation /ˌkɔːpə'reiʃn/ n. (大)公司
12．firm /fəːm/ n. 公司；企业
adj. 坚固的，坚定的
13．enterprise /'entəpraiz/ n．公司，企/事业单位
14．company /'kʌmpəni/ n. 公司
15．negotiation /niˌgəuʃi'eiʃn/ n. 协商，谈判
16．business /'biznəs/ n．生意，交易；事业
17．trade /treid/ n. 贸易
18．invest /in'vest/ v. 投资
19．export /ik'spɔːt/ n．&vt. 出口
20．import /'impɔːt/ n．&vt. 进口
21．manage /'mænidʒ/ vi. 管理，经营
22．increase /in'kriːs/ n．&vi. 增加
23．boom /buːm/ n．&vi. 繁荣；轰鸣；激增
24．decline /di'klain/ n．&vi. 减少，下降，
衰退；谢绝
25．account /ə'kaunt/ n. 账目；描述
26．finance /'fainæns/ n．资金，财政，财务，金融
27．capital /'kæpitl/ n. 资本
28．decrease /di'kriːs/ n．&vt. 减少，减小，降低
29．reduce /ri'djuːs/ vt. 减少，缩减
30．publicly /'pʌblIklI/ adv. 当众；公开地
31．routine /ruː'tiːn/ n. 常规；惯例
32．statement /'steItmənt/ n. 声明；陈述
33．urgent /'ɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧急的；紧迫的
34．violence /'vaIəl(ə)ns/ n. 暴力行为
35．witness /'wItnIs/ n. 目击者；见证人
vt. 目睹
[二积短语顿挫抑扬]
[课内短语回扣]
(一)根据汉语写出下列短语
*e_into_being形成，存在 2.knock_into_sb.撞上某人；偶然遇到*3.show_off 炫耀，夸耀 4.break_into闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)
5.sentence_sb.to_death_判某人死刑 *
6.take_...seriously_ 认真对待……
7.be_well/better_off过得好/更好8.above_all 最重要的是；首先
*9.contribute_to促进，有助于*10.keep_an_eye_on注意，留意
*11.take_..._into_account考虑；注意，体谅
12.play_an_important_role_in 在……中起重要作用
(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子
1．I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into_account.
2．Research suggests that fast food and soft drink directly contribute_to childhood obesity.
3．Perhaps it is true that nobody in the world knows exactly how the earth came_into_being.
4．When it comes to the campus security, we have to take it seriously.
5．Please keep_an_eye_on my house when I am out on holiday.
6．The society today offers the young generation more chances to show_off their talent and skills.
[话题短语积累]
1．be short of 短缺的，缺乏的；不足的
2．bring down prices 降低价格
3．meet/satisfy one's needs 满足某人的需求
4．set aside 拨出，留出，节省
5．body language 身势语
6．eye contact 眼神交流
7．a facial expression 面部表情
8．face to face 面对面
9．behave well/badly 举止良好/不好
10．put up with 忍受
11．turn down 拒绝
12．turn up 出现，到达，来到
13．make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
14．have an appointment with sb. 与某人有个约会
15．make an impression on ... 给……留下印象
[三积句式写作扮靓]
[课内句式仿写]
1．would rather后跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气
[例句] I'd rather you didn't mention that.
[仿写] 约翰今天想来看我。

我宁愿他明天来。

John wants to see me today. I would_rather_he_came tomorrow.
2．what if是连词词组，意为“要是……怎么办”
[例句] What if some married people have affairs?
[仿写] 明天要是下雨怎么办？我们还练足球吗？
What_if_it_rains tomorrow? Will we still have soccer practice?
3．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[例句] They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made it easier to keep an eye on people's movements.
[仿写] 我记得我向你清楚表示过我不会来。

I remember I made_it_quite_clear to you that I was not coming.
4．It's high time that sb. should do/did sth.“到某人做某事的时候了”
[例句] As a society, it's high time that we took these issues more seriously.
[仿写] 到了我们采取措施保护自然资源的时候了。

It's high time that we should_take/took_measures to preserve the natural resources.
[话题佳句背诵]
1．Having realized the great harm caused by the haze and the importance of protecting the environment, people all over the country are taking measures to reduce the hazy weather.
由于意识到了雾霾造成的严重危害和保护环境的重要性，全国人民正在采取措施减少雾霾天气。

2．As you know, we are all facing a falling market, and the banks are short of ready money.
正如你所知道的，我们大家都面临着一种跌落的行情，银行也缺少现金。

3．For example, shopping on the Internet can save students a great deal of time on the way between home and the store, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.
例如，网上购物可以节省学生往返于家庭和商店路上的大量时间，因此他们能够把更多的时间和精力用于他们的学业上。

[四背语段语感流畅]
To relieve the burden of the family and be better off in the future, he was voluntary to undertake the toughest task. Moreover, he accumulated abundant experience and insisted that it was the staff that played an important role in the development of the company. Consequently, there being a vacant post, the company took all things into account and elected him vice­president of the company.
为了减轻家庭的负担并使未来的生活更好，他自愿承担起了最艰巨的任务。

此外，他还积累了丰富的经验，并且坚持认为员工在公司的发展中起着重要作用。

因此，当职位一出现空缺的时候，公司将一切考虑在内，选他为公司的副总裁。

[第一板块重点词汇突破]
[师生共研词汇]
1．abundant adj.大量的；丰富的；充裕的
[高考佳句] Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results
including high scores and abundant knowledge.(四川高考书面表达)
因此，好的学习习惯可以帮助我们获得好的学习结果，包括高分数和丰富的知识。

is_abundant_in resources.
南非是一个自然资源丰富的发展中国家。

②All kinds of flowers grow in_abundance in the park and it looks more beautiful.
公园里长满了各种鲜花，它看起来更漂亮了。

③The speaker used an_abundance_of examples to explain his points.
这位演讲者用了许多例子来解释他的重点。

2．burden n．负担，重担vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)
[教材原句] Instead, they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.
相反，它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分的钱拿出来支付贷款。

become a_burden_to his family and opened a store near the school.
在事故中他失去了双腿，但他并不想成为家庭的负担，就在学校附近开了家商店。

②I don't want to burden you with my problems.
我不想让我的问题给你增加负担。

③There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that I'll take_on/bear_the_burden.(天津高考书面表达)
尽管前面有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。

3．resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从
[教材原句] His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.
他的老板坚持要他更长时间地工作，所以他辞职了。

resign_her_position as manager.
为了照顾生病的母亲，我朋友决定辞去公司经理的职务。

②He resigned from office and devoted himself entirely to painting at home.
他辞了职，全身心地投入到在家绘画当中。

③It is reported that more and more parents resign_their_children_to grandparents at home while working in the city.
据报道，越来越多的父母在去城市打工时把孩子托付给在家的爷爷奶奶。

④I can't resign_myself_to the fate.
我不能听天由命。

4．elect vt.选举，推选；选择
[高考佳句] Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
(2015·陕西高考书面表达)
此外，我如此精通英语以至于被选为英语老师的助手。

She became the first black woman to_be_elected_to the Senate.
她成为第一个被选入参议院的黑人妇女。

②Increasing numbers of people elect to_work (work) from home nowadays.
现在越来越多的人选择在家上班。

③We elected_him_as/to_be monitor by a show of hands.
我们用举手表决的方式选他当了班长。

5．undertake vt.着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应
[教材原句] Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the
preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.
胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。

He undertook to_be (be) here at ten o'clock.
他答应十点钟到这儿来。

②University professors both teach and undertake_research.
大学教授既要教学又要从事研究工作。

③We'll undertake_for your security while you are visiting our country.
当你访问我们国家时，我们将保证你的安全。

[联想发散] 我们学过的“保证，担保”除了undertake之外，还有guarantee, make sure等。

6．sentence n．& vt.判决；宣判；判刑
[教材原句] In the USA in the last 100 years, 23 men have been wrongly sentenced to death and there are doubts about 400 other cases.
在美国，在过去的100年里，23人已被误判为死刑，还有另外400件案例有疑问。

①The prisoner has_served_his_sentence and will be released tomorrow.
犯人已服刑期满，明天将释放。

②His brother was_sentenced_to_death because he was accused of murder.
他的哥哥因被指控谋杀而被判处死刑。

③It's reported that the judge passed_sentence_on the murder on May 18.
据报道，法官于5月18日宣布了对杀人犯的判决。

[自主练通词汇]
1．cast vi.&vt.投下；选派；扮演……角色
单句语法填空/补全句子
①Don't let yourself be cast down by a small failure in the experiment; try
again.
②This week, A mericans across the country cast_their_votes (投票) and made their voices heard.
③The priceless treasures have_been_cast_into_a_river (已经被扔进一条河里)．
2．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的
单句语法填空
①He is still involved in voluntary (volunteer) work promoting local enterprise.
②When the fire broke out, many passers­by volunteered to_put (put) it out.
③He always volunteered for the most dangerous missions.
3．vacant adj.未占用的，空置的；(职位)空缺的；(目光、表情等)茫然的
补全句子
①Due to the heavy rain, there were many vacant_seats (空座位) in the theatre this evening.
②There_is_a_vacant_post (有个空缺职位) in this company, so you can have a try.
③I couldn't figure out her mood from the_vacant_expression_on_her_face (她脸上的茫然表情)．
[词汇过关练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I like this gym for its wide space and abundant (abundance) basic equipment.
2．Nowadays peasants are no longer burdened with heavy taxation.
3．He was asked to resign from the club when he was discovered cheating at cards.
4．The judge will pass sentence on him because of murder.
5．Mary volunteered to_answer (answer) the teacher's question.
6．Don't get worried, because the secretary has undertaken to_finish (finish) the task by Friday.
7．Last Monday, our class held a monitor election (elect)．
8．Mr Foster has never been to China.Consequently (consequent) he knows very little about it.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Burdened so much homework, he had to stay up late in the night.Burdened_后加_with
2．When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to live on his own. live→living
3．If you travel in the sea, you will see an abundance in marine creatures.第二个in→of
4．He was elected to be a chairman of the Students' Union at school.去掉a 5．I have to resign myself to stay at home again tonight.stay→staying
Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)
1．He insisted on working after retirement, because he didn't want to become_a_burden_to_his_children (成为孩子的负担) when he was old.
2．The team refused to resign_themselves_to_defeat/being_defeated (甘于战败)．3．Tom ran_for_the_election_ (参加了竞选) and won the election. He was_elected_as/to_be_chairman_of_Students'_Union (被选举为学生会主席) at school.
4．The judge will_pass/give_sentence_on_the_murderer (将对凶手做出判决) tomorrow after looking at the report.
5．因为要照顾残疾的丈夫，她辞去了委员会的职务。

①She resigned_as_a_member_of_the_committee_ because she needed to take care of her disabled husband.
②She resigned_from_the_committee because she needed to take care of her disabled husband.
6．他答应从现在起努力学习。

①He undertakes_to_study_hard from now on.(undertake to do ...)
②He undertakes_that_he_will_study_hard from now on.(undertake that ...)
7．这个国家自然资源丰富。

①This c ountry is_abundant/rich_in natural resources.
②There are natural resources in_abundance in this country.
[第二板块短语、句式突破]
1．come into being形成，存在
[教材原句] If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.
如果像这样的法律能够形成的话，社会将需要作巨大的调整，而人们的反应也一定会各有不同。

will come_into_effect/force
year.
新税法将在来年年初开始生效。

②Modern museums came_into_existence in order to protect royal and church treasures.
为了保护皇家和教堂文物，现代博物馆应运而生。

③The newly­elected president will come_into_power next month.
新当选的总统下月开始执政。

[名师点津] come into being为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态形式。

2．show off炫耀，夸耀；卖弄；显示
[教材原句] Nobody has any desire to show off and gold and silver have no value — unlike in our society.
没有人有任何欲望去炫耀，而且金和银没有价值——这与我们的社会不同。

①The detective put a chemical on the paper, and the fingerprints_showed_up.
侦探在纸上涂了化学试剂，指纹就显示了出来。

②After the lecture, we were_shown_around the school by the headmaster.
讲座结束后，校长带领我们参观了校园。

③The new type of computer will_be_on_show next month.
新型计算机将在下个月展出。

3．knock into sb.撞上某人
[教材原句] There is a car accident there at least once a week and today I nearly knocked into somebody crossing the road!
那里每周至少有一起车祸发生，我今天差点撞上一个正在过马路的人！
①A boy was knocked down/over by a passing car but fortunately he was unhurt.
一个男孩被一辆路过的汽车撞倒了，幸运的是他没有受伤。

②Our team was_knocked_out in the second run.
我们的队在第二轮比赛中被淘汰了。

③At that point her husband happened to knock_on/at the door.
就在这时她的丈夫正好回来敲门。

[名师点津] knock into表示“撞上”时，相当于run into；表示“遇上”时，相当于come across, run across, meet with或meet by chance。

＝What_will_happen_if) she finds out that you've lost her book?
如果她发现你把她的书弄丢了怎么办？
②What if(＝What_does_it_matter_if) he has much money?
即使他很有钱又有什么关系？
③How come you didn't (＝Why_didn't_you) invite him to the party? He is your future boss.
你怎么没有邀请他参加晚会？他是你未来的老板。

式短语to keep an eye on people's movements。

在这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当。

①The heavy rain made_it_impossible for us to go out.
大雨使得我们无法出去。

②People in the West make it a rule to_buy (buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
西方国家的人常在圣诞节时给亲属和朋友购买礼物。

③We have made_him_our_monitor,_ for he is more capable of dealing with tough issues.
我们选他为班长，因为他更有能力处理棘手的问题。

④He raised his voice to make himse lf heard (hear) by all the people in the hall.
他提高声音以使大厅里所有人都能听到。

[名师点津] (1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构中，当“独一无二的官衔”的名词作补足语时，名词前无冠词。

(2)在英语中，动词let, make, have, feel, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, hear等后要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。

[短语、句式过关练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
错误!
1．The new seat­belt regulations came_into_effect last week.
2．Now and then, one or two cars will come_into_view and it seems that the car has become a part of people's life.
3．As soon as their party came_into_power,_they changed the law.
4．The organization came_into_being in 1990.
5．Do you know how long it is since the electric computer came_into_use?
Ⅱ.用knock短语填空(knock at/knock off/knock into/knock ...over)
1．When you _knock_into someone, it's good manners to say“sorry”．
2．It is impolite to enter a room without knocking_at the door.
3．He was knocked_over by a bus and broke his leg.
4．Please_knock_off your ash before it falls on the carpet.
Ⅲ.用show短语完成下面语段(show up/show oneself off)
尽管莫言获得了2012年诺贝尔文学奖，但他并不愿意在公众面前炫耀自己。

所以他很少出现在电视屏幕上。

Though Mo Yan won the 2012 Noble Prize for Literature, he doesn't like to 1.show_himself_off in public. Therefore, he seldom 2.shows_up on the TV screen.
Ⅳ.补全句子
1．Susan made_it_clear_to_me (向我表明) that she wished to make a new life for herself.
2．To live a low­carbon life, some people would_rather_take_the_bus_than_drive_a_car (宁愿坐公交车也不愿开车) to work.
3．We were_showed_around (被领着参观) the new factory by the chief engineer.
4．What_if_we_move_the_picture_over_there (要是我们把这幅图画移到那儿怎么样)? Do you think it'll look better?
5．It's_high_time_that_the_government_took/should_take_measures (是该政府采取措施的时候了) to deal with smog, including heavy fines.
6．The project has been off our hands since_the_new_manager_came_into_power (自从新经理上任以后)．
Ⅴ.句型转换/一句多译/句式升级
1．If this method begins to be used, it will greatly increase our production.
→If this method comes into use,_ it will greatly increase our production.
2．When did the term of “new­new people” exist?
→When did the term of “new­new people” come into being?
3．The scientist was thinking a problem when he ran into a tree.
→The scientist was thinking a problem when he knocked into a tree.
4．今天上午在镇上，我碰到了你谈论的那位明星。

①I_knocked_into_the_star you talked about in the town this morning.(knock)
②I_came_across_the_star you talked about in the town this morning.(come)
③I_met_with_the_star you talked about in the town this morning.(meet)
5．After we are shown around the Great Wall, we will visit the Bird Nest tomorrow.(过去分词短语作状语)
→Shown_around_the_Great_Wall,__we_will_visit_the_Bird_Nest_tomorrow.
6．No matter where he is, it is a rule for him to go for a walk before breakfast.(make ＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
→No_matter_where_he_is,__he_makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk_before_breakfa st.
[课堂双线提能] 课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接
提能一用课文词汇写高分作文
错误!
1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)
①李华被指控闯入一家超市，据说他在那儿偷了很多珠宝。

Li Hua was_charged_with_breaking_into a supermarket, and he was reported to have stolen jewelry in_abundance from the supermarket.
②李华曾是个优秀的孩子，被选为班里的班长。

He used to be a good boy and was_elected_monitor in his class.
③后来他在网吧迷上了电脑游戏，染上了很多恶习。

Later he was addicted to computer games in the net bar and picked_up_diverse_bad_habits.
④是电脑游戏导致了这场悲剧。

The computer games contributed_to_the_tragedy.
⑤因此政府是时候取缔这样的坏网吧了。

It's time for the government to_ban_such_bad_net_bars.
2．升级平淡句
(1)用非限制性定语从句升级句①
Li_Hua_was_charged_with_breaking_into_a_supermarket,_where_he_was__reported_ to_have_stolen_jewelry_in_abundance.
(2)用强调句型(强调主语)升级句④
It_was_the_computer_games_that_contributed_to_the_tragedy.
(3)用“it's high time that ...”句型升级句⑤
It's_high_time_that_the_government_banned/should_ban_such_bad_net_bars.
3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：finally, but, so)
Li Hua was charged with breaking into a supermarket, where he was reported to have stolen jewelry in abundance. Finally, he was sentenced to three years in prison. He used to be a good boy and was elected monitor in his class. But later he was addicted to computer games in the net bar and picked up diverse bad habits.It was the computer games that contributed to the tragedy. So it is high time that the government banned such bad net bars.
提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句[本单元突破点——because引导的原因状语从句]
社会话题内容丰富，主要包括民族民生、吃穿住行、社会交往、道德规范、法律法规、社会舆论、宗教信仰、风俗习惯等等。

高考是一种国家行为，关注社会民生是它的职责，所以每一年的高考题目中总有涉及社会话题的内容。

一、话题与语篇
[考题示例] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. __36__ But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. __37__ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
__38__ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. __39__ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. __40__ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it's ready to serve.
A．Do not buy it.
B．The easiest is to steam it.
C．This is how you can do it.
D．It just requires a little knowledge.
E．The fish will go bad within hours.
F．When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
[策略指导]
(一)这样读文
速读全文，根据第一段最后一句“This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.”可知文章体裁为说明文，其行文脉络如下：
(二)这样做题
[名师解题]
由此可知选G项“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”。

37．选 D 空格前说“买鱼、储藏鱼、做鱼并不难”，空格后说“本文就是关于如何买鱼并用一种简单方法做鱼的”。

综观各选项，D项“这只需要一点儿知识”与上下文语意衔接紧密，故选D项。

38．选F 由空格后的smell sweet可锁定F项中的smell it。

将F项代入空格后，语境为“买鱼时，你应该先闻一闻。

新鲜的鱼闻起来不错”。

故选F项。

39．选 A 空格前说“任何鱼腥味或浓烈的臭味都说明这鱼不新鲜”，理所当然，这样的鱼不能买，故选A项。

40．选 B 空格前说“鱼有很多普通做法”，空格后开始列举步骤，由此可推测空格处应该是指出众多方法中的一种。

故选B项“最简单的(方法)是蒸鱼”。

[阅读七选五系列技法5] 利用代词解题
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。

如上文中的第39题，it指代“浓烈气味的鱼”，故选A。

(三)这样积累
1．store v．储存
2．edge n. 边缘
3．frozen adj. 冷冻的
4．tasty adj. 可口的
5．be good for 对……有好处
6．common methods 常见的方法
二、话题与写作
[考题示例] (2017·北京高考)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记
录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：视频video
[写作规范]
第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分
1．一致同意agree_on
2．记录我们的经历record_our_experiences
3．材料搜集material_collecting
4．采访interview
5．角度；方面aspect
6．让步，妥协compromise
7．无法避免的unavoidable
8．毕业典礼graduation_ceremony
9．成就感a_sense_of_achievement
第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分
1．马上要毕业了，我班同学决定做些什么。

Graduation_finally_came._My_classmates_and_I_decided_to_do_something.
2．热烈讨论之后，我们一致同意录制视频来记录我们在学校的经历。

After_a_heated_discussion,_we_agreed_on_making_a_video_to_record_our_experie nces_at_school.
3．搜集材料花了我们一整周的时间。

Material_collecting_took_us_a_whole_week.
4．我们在这一周里还采访了我们的老师并对学校生活的各个方面拍了照。

We_interviewed_our_teachers_and_took_pictures_of_every_aspect_of_school_life _in_this_week.
5．那之后的编辑部分很难。

我们讨论了把什么放入录像中。

The_editing_part_after_that_was_tough._We_debated_over_what_to_put_into_the_ video.
6．一些妥协是无法避免的，但是录像证明很完美。

Some_compromises_were_unavoidable,_but_the_video_turned_out_perfect.
7．几天后，录像在毕业典礼上被播放，它很受欢迎。

Several_days_later,_the_video_was_played_on_the_graduation_ceremony_and_it_w as_well_received.
8．老师和学生共享了快乐的时光，它给了我们很棒的成就感。

The_students_and_teachers_shared_a_great_time._That_surely_gave_us_a_great_s ense_of_achievement.
第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分
1．用非限制性定语从句升级练习3、4
Material_collecting_took_us_a_whole_week,_during_which_we_interviewed_our_te achers_and_took_pictures_of_every_aspect_of_school_life.
2．用时间状语从句升级练习7
Several_days_later,_when_the_video_was_played_on_the_graduation_ceremony,_it _was_well_received.
第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分
Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school.
Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. The editing part after that was tough. We debated over what to put into the video. Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned out perfect. Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.
[单元检测·高考提能] 单元检测A——语言基础扎根练＋阅读理解提速练
[语言基础扎根练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Mr. Thomas resigned (辞职) from the company for the reason that his health was poor.
2．During his election (选举) campaign he promised to put the economy back on its feet.
3．The project which was undertaken (承担) by the young engineer on his own turned out to be very successful.
4．Since everything develops, we have to make an adjustment (调整) to the changing situation.
5．The rainforest is abundant (丰富的) in rare species of plants and animals.
6．Burdened (负担) with great working pressure, people nowadays even don't have much time to dine with their parents.
7．Jack was sentenced (判刑) to six months in prison because of family violence.
8．To his disappointment, his name has been deleted (删除) from the list.
9．Some people had no respect for the speed limit and consequently (consequent) were punished.
10．He made them realize that beauty can have a diversity (diverse) of forms.
11．They asked her to be merciful (mercy) to the prisoners.
12．The central issue in the strike was the preservation (preserve) of jobs.
13．They do some voluntary (volunteer) work at the local hospital.
14．They are bringing out a new edition (edit) of the dictionary.
15．The government (govern) should make every effort to promote the economy.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They have burdened themselves on a high mortgage.on→with
2．It was in that park where the children saw the strange green objects. where→that
3．The teacher explained it to us again to make himself understand._understand→understood
4．It is time that I go to pick up my daughter from school.go→went或go前加should
5．We all love him and made him the monitor of our class.去掉the
6．I'd rather she asked me before borrowing the car.asked前加had
7．No one knows for sure when such a custom first came out being.out→into 8．Our teacher encourages us not to resign ourselves on our fate.on→to
9．Many ways can contribute to solve this problem, but the following one may be most effective. solve→solving
10．We had to break in the house because we had lost the key.in→into
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．房子外面有一个陌生人。

我已经注意他好一会儿了。

There is a stranger outside the house, and I have_kept_an_eye_on_him for a while.
2．那是那位电影明星最后一次出现在公众面前。

It was the last time that the movie star had_shown_up in public.
3．警察闯进房间并对其进行了搜查，结果什么也没发现。

The police broke_into_the_room and searched it, only to find nothing.
4．我们宁愿所有人都坚持我们的信念，尽我们的努力来实现我们的梦想。

We would rather everyone stuck_to_our_belief and did_our_best_to_realize_our_dreams.
5．如果下周的数学考试我不及格怎么办？
What_if_I_fail_the_math_exam next week?
6．在那些日子里，他把帮助我复习功课看作他的义务。

He thought_it_a_duty_to_help me with my lessons in those days.
7．她设法用英语表达明白自己的意思。

She managed to make_herself_understood in English.
8．经过激烈的讨论，一项新的计划诞生了，这将对学生的学习有很大的影响。

After a heated discussion, a_new_plan_came_into__being/existence,_which would have a great effect on the study of the students.
[阅读理解提速练]
A
Robert Ballard was born in 1942.Form an early age, he loved the sea.Ballard grew up in Southern California.He spent his free time at the beach near his home.He enjoyed fishing and swimming.He even learned to dive.
When Ballard wasn't at the ocean, he loved reading about it.At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.His parents helped him follow his dream.
Ballard was a hardworking student.He spent many years learning all he could about the ocean.By the age of 28, he was an expert.In 1970, he took a job as a scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts.There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.Working with other scientists, Ballard also found previously unknown sea animals.These animals lived far below the ocean's surface, where scientists had believed no animals could live.
By the 1980s, Ballard's interests changed.He developed unmanned vehicles to explore the ocean bottom.His first find, the well­known ship Titanic, made Bal lard famous.He was not happy with just one big find, however.He looked for — and found —other well­known ships.One was the German battleship Bismarck.Another was the USS Yorktown, an aircraft carrier (航空母舰) that sank during World War Ⅱ.
Today Robert Ballard is still an underwater explorer.He also heads an organization that encourages students to learn about science.Ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps.After all, the world's huge oceans are mostly unknown.Who knows what remains to be discovered under the sea?
A．To be an animal expert.
B．To be a professional diver.
C．To be a famous writer.
D．To be an underwater explorer.
解析：选D 细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”可知，巴拉德小时候的梦想是做一名海底探险者。

故选D项。

2．When Ballard worked at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, he________.
A．explored mountains with other scientists
B．thought of ideas to predict underwater volcanoes
C．found some unknown sea animals alone
D．developed unmanned vehicles to change interests
解析：选B 细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“T here he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.”可知，巴拉德在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所工作时，提出了预测海底火山的方法。

故选B项。

3．What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A．The Unknown Ocean World
B．A Hardworking Student
C．The Life of an Undersea Explorer
D．An Underwater Exploration
解析：选C 标题归纳题。

根据文章的时间线索可知，本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍。