高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析

高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1．阅读理解
The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?
The conventional answer is no. Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.
At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge. For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.
However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans. Without that link, the survival of objects and raw data doesn't guarantee the survival of knowledge. And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier. Knowledge is closely connected with language. When a language dies out, we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain. If that's lost, then it can't be recovered.
All this means that other minds might not be able to fully make human knowledge alive when we are gone. It is better to concentrate on not dying out in the first place.
（1）How many opinions are mentioned in Para.2?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "similar things" in Para 3 probably refer to?
A. Making lost wisdom alive again.
B. Rescuing disappearing knowledge.
C. Preserving future knowledge.
D. Gaining new knowledge.
（3）How can we make knowledge survive?
A. We know a lot about human beings.
B. We learn ways to draw conclusions.
C. We have a certain cultural continuity.
D. We protect the legacy of other humans.
（4）What's mainly talked about in the text?
A. Can human beings live on?
B. Will our knowledge survive us?
C. What will the earth be like in the future?
D. How can we protect our culture?
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？
(1)推理判断题。

根据第二段Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds
around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.可知，在第二段中提出了两种建议，故答案为B
(2)词义猜测题。

根据第三段中第二、三句For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.通过例子说明，细心的工作可以将以前失去的智慧带回生活。

由此推知，上句At first sight, that seems to be reasonable: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge.中划线部分的意思是，让失去的智慧活跃起来。

故选A。

(3)细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句However, the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遗产)of other humans.可知，我们有一定的文化延续性能使知识幸存。

故选C。

(4)主旨大意题。

根据第一段The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory--if there is anything left to remember the "wise man". But what about our wisdom--will any of it survive us?可知，本文讲述的是，我们的智慧将会幸存吗？根据句意可知答案为B
【点评】考查阅读理解，涉及推理判断、猜测词义、细节理解、主旨大意题。

阅读时要注意作者说明事物采用的是什么方式。

例如：举例、分类还是对比。

无论采用什么方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征，清晰地展现说明的事物。

理清了脉络，就能理解文章，抓住原文中的信息点，并且和选项进行同意转换。

2．阅读理解
Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry. After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels and other items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance. All oversized bags, backpacks and luggage must be left at the checkrooms near the 4th Street entrance of either the East or West Building. These items will have to be x-rayed before being accepted. Items of value, such as laptop computers, cameras and fur coats, may not be left in the checkrooms but may be carried into the gallery. We regret that the museum doesn't have enough space for visitors items larger than 17*26 inches in the gallery.
Additional security procedures and checks may be taken according to the decision of the gallery. *For the safety of the artworks and other visitors, nothing may be carried on a visitor's back. Soft front-baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Wheelchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom.
*Smoking is prohibited. Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas. Unopened bottled water may be carried only in a visitor's bag. Cell phones may not be used in the gallery.
*Animals, other than service animals, are not permitted.
*Skateboarding is prohibited.
*Picture-taking(including video) for personal use is permitted except in the special exhibits.
*Please don't touch the works of art.
（1）According to the text, which item can be carried into the gallery?
A. umbrella
B. package
C. Ipad
D. suitcase
（2）When in the gallery, what can visitors do?
A. They can carry opened bottled water in their bags.
B. They can drink inside the food service areas.
C. They can take pictures for personal use anywhere.
D. They must pay if they use wheelchairs for the children.
（3）What is the text mainly about?
A. The polices of the gallery
B. The artworks of the gallery
C. The location of the gallery
D. The history of the gallery
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观博物馆的一些规定。

比如，游客携带的物品需要在入口处接受检查；过大的物品不允许带入博物馆；此外，除了服务犬外其他动物不允许进入等等。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels and other items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance.“可知，伞、背包和手提包等都不可以带进国家美术馆。

故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。

根据带星号要点的第二点“Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas.“可知，不允许饮食服务区以外的食品和饮料，可推知可以饮用饮食服务区内供应的饮料，故选B。

(3)考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了艺术展上，参观者需要注意的事项，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Over the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: game-time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading. Game-time cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.
Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻腾) ability. It's a very common thing for gymnasts, so it's easy for
them to go into competitive cheerleading. Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy. They also perform lifts and throws. This is where the "fliers" are thrown in the air, held by "bases" in different positions that require strength and working with other teammates.
Competitive cheerleading is also an activity that is governed by rules under which a winner can be declared. It is awarded points for technique, creativity and sharpness. Usually the more difficult the action is, the better the score is. That's why cheerleaders are trying to experience great difficulty in their performance.
Besides, there is also a strict rule of time. The whole performance has to be completed in less than three minutes and fifteen seconds, during which the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Any performance beyond the limit of time is invalid.
Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries. According to some research, competitive cheerleading is the number one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for it are five times the number than for any other sport, partially because cheerleaders don't use protective equipment. Smiling cheerleaders are thrown into the air and move down into the arms of the teammates, which may easily cause injuries. Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.
There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. Hopefully, it will appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports. It should be noted that it is a team sport and even the smallest mistake made by one teammate can bring the score of the entire team down. So without working together to achieve the goal, first place is out of reach.
（1）What is the main purpose of competitive cheerleading?
A. To compare skills of participants.
B. To make the audience feel amused.
C. To attract more people to watch events.
D. To cheer up the competitors on the court.（2）The underlined word "integrate" in Paragraph 2 probably means "________".
A. examine
B. combine
C. identify
D. replace
（3）We can learn from the passage that competitive cheerleading ________.
A. lacks necessary guidelines to follow
B. enjoys greater popularity than other sports
C. requires more designed actions than gymnastics
D. has a relatively high rate of damage to the body
（4）Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
A. B. C. D.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竞技啦啦队不同于普通的啦啦队，它是一项具有专业技能的运动，有自己的规则，融入了一些体操的技能。

队员必须有团队精神，队员的受伤率很高。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a competitive sport.和Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity.”及最后一段中的“There can be no doubt that competitive cheerleading is a sport with professional skills. ”竞技啦啦队是竞争性的运动，是一项具有专业技能的运动。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energy.”通常这些竞技啦啦队长会将他们的体操经验融入其中，包括跳跃、翻滚和总能量。

"integrate"指整合，结合，融入与combine同义，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“Another reason for the fact that competitive cheerleading is one of the hardest sports is that it has more reported injuries.”及“Generally, these injuries affect all areas of the body, including wrists, shoulders, ankles, head, and neck.”可知，竞技啦啦队很容易造成队员受伤，会造成身体多个部位的伤害。

故选D。

（4）考查文章结构。

第一段是总体介绍竞技啦啦队，第二段介绍其包括内容和标准，第三、四段介绍其难度很高，第五段介绍竞技啦啦队受伤率很高。

最后一段得出结论竞技啦啦队是一项专业技能的运动。

属于总分总结构，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和文章结构三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Nobel prize winners sometimes display as much uniqueness when deciding how to spend their prize money as they did on the work that won them the award in the first place.
When Sir Paul Nurse won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2001, he decided to upgrade his motorbike. A fellow winner in 1993, Richard Roberts, installed a croquet lawn in front of his house. Austrian author Elfriede Jelinek, who won in 2004, said the prize meant "financial independence."
Lars Heikensten, executive director of the Nobel Foundation, said there were no obvious shopping trends among winners.
"I think it depends a lot on which country they come from, their personal finances... what kind of incomes they have when they get the prize," he said.
Real estate, however, is a popular option, at least among those willing to reveal what they spend the money on. Phillip Sharp, the American co-winner of the 1993 medicine prize, decided to splash out on a 100-year-old Federal style house. "I took that money and bought a little bit bigger house... It's a beautiful old place," he told AFP(法新社), adding that "The money is a nice part of the process", but "the important thing about the prize is the recognition."
For winners of the peace prize the decision is often more clear-cut, as the honor tends to go to politicians, organizations and activists who are under more public supervision. Many, like US President Barack Obama in 2009 and the European Union in 2012, donate to charities.
Literature winners tend to be more private about how they use the money, but the choice is often equally straightforward. "Even if Nobel-winning authors are quite well known, many of them will not have made much money from writing," said Anna Gunder, a Nobel literature expert at Uppsala University. While the prize might keep the wolf from the door for some years, giving them freedom to write, it can also briefly have the opposite effect. "It really changes their careers… During the first year a fter they've won they often write less, but they generally continue after a year or two," said Gunder.
（1）From the passage, we learn that ______.
A. The money is actually the best part of the Nobel Prize
B. Nobel winners have great originality in using prize money
C. Few winners would spend their prize money on houses
D. Winners become more independent on their country
（2）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase "clear-cut" in paragraph 6?
A. open
B. private
C. unique
D. complex
（3）According to the passage, in the first year after winning Noble Prize, literature winners may .
A. become less productive
B. make more money from writing
C. have the freedom to create more and better works
D. disappear from the public eyes for a period of time
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了诺贝尔奖获得者在决定如何花他们的奖金时展现出很多的独特性。

比如，房产就是众多诺贝尔奖获得者喜欢投资的方向。

作者还提到了诺贝尔和平奖获得者对奖金的花费更公开，而文学家获得者对奖金的花费更私人化。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段可知，诺贝尔奖获得者在决定如何花他们的奖金时展现出很多的独特性。

originality"独创性，创造性"，故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第六段中的“For winners of the peace prize the decision is often more clear-cut, as the honor tends to go to politicians, organizations and activists who are under more public supervision. ”诺贝尔和平奖得主的奖金如何用的决定通常会更清晰，公开。

因为和平奖通常会由政治家、组织及活动家获得，而他们通常处在更多的公众监管之下。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"During the first year after they've won they often write less,..."可知在获得诺贝尔奖之后的第一年，作家作品会少一些。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Britain and France are two important countries in Europe. They are neighbors, separated only by the 20-mile seaway of the English Channel. And for most of the time that the two countries have existed, the French and the British have been rivals or even enemies. One conflict between the two countries lasted over 100 years, and the British and French were at war through the 18th century.
There is no fighting now, of course. But there is still a strong sense of rivalry (敌对) between the two nations. That's why a recent survey in the UK caused a major shock.
It revealed (揭露) that one third of the British people would like to live in France. It also showed that twenty-one percent of British people would actually prefer to have been born in France.
Many reasons were given. France has a better climate and a more relaxed lifestyle, with some of the longest holidays in Europe. It is thought to have better public services in every area from health to transport. People in France work shorter hours and enjoy longer vacations. And think of the food and wine!
Estimates (估计) of the numbers of Britons living in France range from 100,000 to half a million. But it is not one-way traffic. Around 15,000 French people per year come to live in Britain, mainly settling in London. They are attracted by higher pay in Britain, lower taxes, a more dynamic lifestyle. Now it seems that people can go to the place that suits them best.
（1）Why do some British people like to live in France?
A. They prefer the longer holidays there.
B. England has the worst food in Europe.
C. France is not far away from England.
D. The two countries have always been friends.（2）Some French people mainly set in London because ________.
A. they like better the more dynamic lifestyle
B. they think there are better public services in it
C. they live in France for a long time
D. they can work shorter hours there
（3）Which would be the most ideal way to live for people in both countries?
A. Work and live in France.
B. Work and live in London.
C. Work in London and live in France.
D. Work in France and live in London.
（4）What a suggestion does the text give?
A. Both of the people like to move between two countries.
B. Both of the people are becoming more European.
C. The French are becoming more British.
D. The British are becoming more French.
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国和法国这两个欧洲相邻国家各自生活方式上的特点。

英国人想要在法国生活，因为法国有更好的气候和更放松的生活方式，有一些欧洲最长的假期。

它被认为在从健康到交通的各个领域都有更好的公共服务。

而每年大约有15000名法国人来到英国居住，主要定居在伦敦。

他们被英国更高的工资、更低的税收、更有活力的生活方式所吸引。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“People in France work shorter hours and enjoy longer vacations.”可知一些英国人想要去法国生活的原因是他们希望有更长的假期。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“They are attracted by higher pay in Britain, lower taxes, a mor e dynamic lifestyle.”可知一些法国人主要定居在伦敦是因为他们被英国更高的工资、更低的税收、更有活力的生活方式所吸引。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“France has a better climate and a more relaxed lifestyle, with some of the longest holidays in Europe. It is thought to have better public services in every area fr om health to transport.”可知法国有更好的气候和更放松的生活方式，有一些欧洲最长的假期。

它被认为在从健康到交通的各个领域都有更好的公共服务。

因此适合人们生活；而根据最后一段中的“They are attracted by higher pay in Britain, lower taxes, a more dynamic lifestyle.”可知伦敦的工资更高、税收更低以及生活方式更有活力，因此适合人们工作。

综上，两国人们最理想的生活方式是：在伦敦工作，在法国生活。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Britain and France are two important countries in Europe. They are neighbors, separated only by the 20-mile seaway of the English Channel.”可知英国和法国是欧洲的两个重要国家。

他们是邻居，只隔着20英里远的英吉利海峡。

因此可以推测这两个国家的人都在变得更加欧洲化，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.
Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set
of standard patterns into which they report each day's events. In other words, there is a traditional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.
There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the "standard patterns" of the newsroom seem foreign to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.
Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they're less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.
Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite (精英), so their work tends to reflect the traditional values of this elite. The alarming distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily conflict of world views between reporters and their readers.
This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums(讨论会) and a credibility project devoted to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class prejudices that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.
（1）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Needs of the readers all over the world.
B. Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.
C. Origins of the declining newspaper industry.
D. Aims of a journalism credibility project.
（2）The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be ______.
A. quite trustworthy
B. somewhat conflicting
C. very informative
D. rather shallow （3）The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their ______. A. working attitude B. traditional lifestyle
C. world outlook
D. educational background
（4）Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its ______.
A. failure to realize its real problem
B. tendency to hire annoying reporters
C. likeliness to do inaccurate reporting
D. prejudice in matters of race and gender
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，为了解释为什么大众不信任报纸信息，专门做了一
个叫新闻可信度项目，结果却是相当得肤浅，大众对报刊的不信任不在于单词拼写错误，语法不对，而是新闻记者和普通读者之间世界观的冲突。

（1）考查主旨大意。

本文主要讲述，为了解释为什么大众不信任报纸信息，专门做了一个叫新闻可信度项目，结果却是相当得肤浅，大众对报刊的不信任不在于单词拼写错误，语法不对，而是新闻记者和普通读者之间世界观的冲突，因此本文解释了大众不信任报纸的原因，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes,”可知，很悲伤的是，这个项目结果却是很多肤浅的发现，比如事实性的错误，单词拼写和语法错误等，因此可知，作者对这个项目的结果很失望，觉得发现很肤浅，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“The alarming distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily conflict of world views between reporters and their readers.”可知，对新闻媒体不信任不在于信息的不准确和匮乏，而是记者和读者之间世界观的冲突，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“But it never seems to g et around to noticing the cultural and class prejudices that so many former buyers are complaining about.”可知，新闻媒体似乎没有抽出时间去关注文化和阶级的偏见，而这些问题是之前很多读者就一直在抱怨的，故可知，报刊行业依然没有让人满意在于没有认真去关注问题，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行分析推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
I have learned something about myself since I moved from Long Island to Florida three years ago. Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, an uncontrollable urge wells up to return to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse. Instead of enjoying Florida's mild winters, I willingly endure the severe weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 65 years.
I'm like a migratory bird that has lost its sense of timing and direction, my wings flapping against season.
So what makes me fly against the tide of snowbirds? The answer has a lot to do with my reluctance to give up the things that define who I am. Once I hear that the temperature on Long Island has dipped into the range of 40 to 50 degrees, I begin to long for the sight and crackling sound of a wood fire. I also long for the bright display o£ colors — first in the fall trees, and then in the limits around homes and at Rockefeller Center. Floridians decorate too, but can't create the special feel of a New England winter.
I suppose the biggest reason why I return is to celebrate the holidays with people I haven't seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey dinner, or watching neighbors' children excitedly open gifts on Christmas? Even the first snowfall seems special. I especially enjoy seeing a bright red bird settling on a snow-covered
branch (My wife and I spend winters at a retirement community in Ridge, and I'm grateful that I don't have to shovel.）
While these simple pleasures are not unique to Long Island, they are some of the reasons why I come back. Who says you can't go home?
（1）What does the underlined word "snowbird" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. A person spending winter in a warmer climate.
B. A bird seen chiefly in winter.
C. A person permanently living in a foreign country.
D. A bird flying to the south in winter.（2）What's the difference between Florida and Long Island?
A. Winters in Long Island are milder.
B. The snowbirds in Long Island are rarer.
C. Weather in Long Island is severer.
D. Long Island is nearer to the ocean.
（3）What did the author miss most when he was in Florida
A. The cold temperature.
B. The colorful light display.
C. The family gathering.
D. The winter landscape.
（4）What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To praise the beauty and warmth of his hometown.
B. To describe his dream to be a free bird.
C. To explain the reasons for moving from his hometown.
D. To express his feeling of missing his hometown.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者自己独特的习惯，喜欢家乡寒冷的冬天，而不愿享受佛罗里达温和的冬天；因为作者想念家乡的冬天，想念家乡的景色，想念家乡的亲朋好友。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“ Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, an uncontrollable urge wells up to return to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse.”即使我在圣路西港有家离大海只有几分钟的路程,一股无法控制的冲动涌到了长岛，就在其他人向南走的时候。

我想我是一个反其道而行之的，一个在温暖的气候里过冬的人，可知选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的"Instead of enjoying Florida's mild winters， I willingly endure the severe weather on Long Island， the place I called home for 65 years．”没有享受佛罗里达州温和的冬天，我愿意忍受长岛我称之为家乡的地方的恶劣天气长达65年，可知，佛罗里达的冬天比长岛更加温和，所以选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“ I suppose the biggest reason why I return is to celebrate the holidays with people I haven't seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgiving turkey dinner, or watching neighbors' children excitedly open gifts on Christmas?”我认为我回来的最大原因是和我几个月没见过的人一起庆祝节日。

还有什么能比和家人朋友坐在一起吃感恩节火鸡大餐或者看着邻居的孩子在圣诞节兴奋地打开礼物更好呢？可知选C。

（4）考查写作意图。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍作者自己独特的习惯，喜欢家乡寒冷的冬天，而不愿享受佛罗里达温和的冬天；因为作者想念家乡的冬天，想念家乡的景色，想念家乡的亲朋好友，可知，作者写作本文的目的是解释自己对家乡的思念的原因，所以选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing, our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not.
A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (纹身)，nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true you can't judge a book by its cover, yet people do "cover" themselves in order to convey certain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances, so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.
Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees, because those people represent the companies to their customers.
As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. Even though I am open-minded, I can't expect all our customers are.
There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal.
（1）Which of the following is the newspaper editor's opinion according to Paragraph 2?
A. People's appearances can messages about themselves.
B. Customers' choices influence dress standards in companies.
C. Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated.
D. Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace.
（2）What can be inferred from the text?
A. Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview.
B. Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates.
C. Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates.
D. What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies.
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Personal Choices Matter
B. Appearances Matter
C. Employees Matter
D. Hiring Managers Matter。