倒装句的讲解(基础篇)

倒装句讲解与练习
一、高考如何考查倒装句
倒装每年高考都有体现，是考纲所要求掌握的考点。

倒装在高考中有两种考法：
1.放在单项选择题中，考查考生的倒装语法知识是否熟练掌握；
2.放在完形填空和阅读理解中，设置理解障碍。

二、倒装句相关的定义
英语的基本句型是主语+谓语。

如果将主语与谓语调换,称倒装句。

倒装句有两种形式：
1.完全倒装：即将整个谓语动词提到主语前。

2.部分倒装：即半倒装，将谓语的一部分（即be动词，have/has助动词或是情态动词，若没前面这些则要将句子隐藏的do、did、does助动词）提到主语前。

做倒装句题目的关键：记住倒装的条件。

三、倒装句的具体条件
一、完全倒装:即将整个谓语动词提到主语前。

全倒装有以下三种情况:
1、当here,there,out,in,up,down,away,off等副词放在句首时,且主语为名词，句子需全倒装:
There g o e s the bell!铃响了！
There lived an old man.那里住着一位老人。

注意:主语如果是代词则不需倒装。

如：
Away he went.他走远了。

2、表地点的方位状语放在在句首,句子要全部倒装。

如:
In front of the house stopped a police car.
Nearby were two canoes in which they had c o me t o the island.
Under the tree sat a boy.
3、主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语提前，需要将句子完全倒装。

如:
Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests.
出席晚会的有格林先生，还有一些别的宾客。

Seated on the gr oun d are a gr ou p of young men.坐在地上的是一群年轻人。

二、部分倒装:即将谓语的一部分提到主语前。

部分倒装有以下种情况:
1、否定意义的词（如little,never,not,no,hardly,rarely,seldom,few,no t until, nowhere,at no time,by no means,in no way,no t until+句子,rarely/hardly/ scarcely…（when）…,no sooner…(than)…，not only…(but also)…,neither…nor…等）放在句首,句子要半倒装。

如:
⑴Never shall I forget you.我不会忘记你。

⑵At no time was the man aware of what was happening.那个人绝不会意识到发生了什么事。

⑶Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.那时我几乎不能理解他所说的话。

⑷He is active in personality,and he seldom stays indoors.→He is active in personality,and seldom d o e s he stay indoors.
⑸The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.→Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.
注意：n o t until提前时，必须将until后面的状语从句全部提前，而不仅仅是no t until 这两个词，这个结构是引起主句的部分倒装。

⑹Not only is she a good singer,bu t also she is a good dancer.
注意：n o t only…bu t also连接两个并列句,连词在句首,前句半倒装,后句不倒装。

若连接两个并列主语时不需倒装,如:
Not only you bu t also I like playing chess.
⑺No sooner had I got to the bus st op than the bus started.
⑻Hardly had thegame begun when it started rainning
注意：Hardly/Scarecely/Rarely…when…（一…就…）,No sooner…than…（一…就…）连接两个并列句,连词在句首,前句半倒装,后句不倒装。

⑼Neither do I have a sister nor d o e s my husband.
注意：neither…nor…连接两个并列句,连词在句首时,前后两句都需倒装,若连接两个并列主语时不需倒装,如:
Neither I nor he is from Zhejiang.
2、only+状语置于句首,主句要部分倒装:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only when the war was over in1918was he able t o g et back t o work.
注意:only强调主语不倒装。

如：
Only socialism can save China.只有社会主义才能救中国。

3、so/such…that句型,so…/such…的部分置于句首时,主句要部分倒装,that从句不倒装:
So easy is it that a clild can learn it.
So har d did he work that he finally won the fame.
Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able t o work o u t all these difficult problems.
4.在虚拟语气if条件句中，if引导的从句谓语中有助动词were,had,should时，可将if省略，而把were,had,should移到句首。

如：
Were I you,I wouldn't do that.如果我是你，我就不会那样做。

Had I been informed earlier,I could have done something.
注意：①若从句是否定句，则必须将no t放在主语后。

如：
If I hadn’t been informed earlier,I could have been punished.
Had I no t been informed earlier,I could have been punished.
②had必须是助动词。

如：
If I had money,I would buy the coat.
三、特殊倒装:即语序不是主语+谓语的语序，但又不是全部倒装也不是部分倒装。

as/（though）引导的让步状语从句中，从句后面的名词\形容词\副词\动词\分词要调到句首，构成倒装，若是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词，其句子结构为：名词\形容词\副词\动词\分词+as\though+主语+其他(as引导让步状语从句必需倒装而though引导让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装)
1)Proud as they are,they are afraid t o see us.
2)Child as he is,he knows a lot.(Though he is a child,he knows a lot.)
3)Try har d as they would,they could n o t lift the box.
四、属于倒装，但可以按原先的记忆解题，无需用倒装的知识。

（1）there be句型
There are so many students on the playground.
（2）疑问句的句式
Have you finished painting.
（3）a.so+助/be动词/情+主（用于肯定句陈述之后，表示前句所说的情况适合于另一个人或物）
Y ou can answer the question,so can anybody else
b.neither/nor+助/be动词/情+主（用于否定句陈述之后，表示前句所说的情况适合于另一个人或物）
She couldn’t work o ut the answer,nor could I.
【【【c.so it is/was with sb.（用于前面有两个或两个以上句子，既有肯定也有否
定，助/be动词/情无法统一时，表示前句所说的情况适合于另一个人或物）T om studies very hard and is never late for school.So it is with Dick.
d.so+主+助/be动词/情（表示对前面句子的再次强调）
---John did well in the physics exam.---So he did.
高考真题探究（2005—2013）
1、【13湖南】Not once________t o Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A.occurred it
B.it did occur
C.it occurred
D.did it occur
2、【13江西】Only when he apologizes for his rudeness____to him again.
A.I will speak
B.will I speak
C.do I speak
D.I speak
3、【13辽宁】At no time______the rules of the game.It was unfair t o punish them.
A.they actually broke
B.do they actually break
C.did they actually break
D.they had actually brok en
4、13新课标】Only by increasing the nu mbe r of doctors by50percent_____properly in this hospital.
A.can be the patients
B.can the patients be tr eated
C.the patients can be treated
D.treated can be the patients
5、13江苏】“Never for a second,”the boy says,“_____that my father would c o me t o my rescue.”
A.I doubted
B.do I doubt
C.I have doubted
D.did I doubt
6、【13福建】Not until he went thr ough real hardship_____the love we have for our families is important.
A.had he realized
B.did he realize
C.he realized
D.he had realized
7、12江西】Never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
A．had she B．she had C．has she D．she has
8、【12山东】—I don’t know about you,but I’m sick and tired of this weather.
—_________.I can’t stand all this rain.
A.I don’t care
B.It’s hard to say
C.So am I
D.I hope no t
【 【 【
9、
【12浙江】Had they known what was coming next, they______second thoughts.
A. may have
B. could have
C. must have had
D. might have had
10、
【12重庆】The headmast er will n o t permit t he change in the course, nor___ it a thought.
A. do e s he even given
B. he even gives
C. will he even give
D. he will even give
11、
【12辽宁】Not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a
holiday abroad.
A. he had considered
B. had he considered
C. he considered
D. did he consider
12、【12四川】This is n o t my story , nor ___ the whole story . My story plays o ut differently .
A. is there
B. ther e is
C. is it
D. it is
13、
【12天津】Only after Mary r ead her composition the second time_________ the spelling mistake.
A. did she notice
B. she noticed
C. d o e s she notice
D. she has noticed
14、 11 全国】Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d
been in last year .
A. he realized
B. he did realize
C. realized he
D. did he realize 15、
【11 福建】—It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!
—I’m glad you like it.
A.I have had
B. I had
C. have I had
D. had I 16、 11 湖南】Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours ____a decision
A. they reached
B. did they reach
C. they reach
D. do they reach
17、
【10 江苏】—Is everyone here? —Not yet. Look , there_______ the rest of our guests!
A. c o me
B. comes
C. is coming
D. are coming
18、
【10 四川】W e laugh at jokes, bu t seldom a bo u t how they work.
A. we think
B. think we
C. we do think
D. do we think 19、
【10 陕西】John opened the d oor . There _____ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand
B. a girl s t oo d
C. did a girl stand
D. s too d a girl 20、
【10 江西】Not until he left his home ______ t o know how important the family
was for him.
A did he begin
B had he begun
C he began
D he had begun 21、 10 重庆】At the meeting place of the Y angtze River and the Jialing River______,
one of the t en largest cities in China.
【 【 【
A. lies Chongqing
B. Chongqing lies
C. d o e s lie Chongqing
D. do e s Chongqing lie
22、
【09 安徽】 a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value
of the project.
A. It has
B. They have
C. It remains
D. There remains 23、
【09 福建】For a moment nothing happened.Then all shouting together .
A. voices had come
B. came voices
C. voices would c o me
D. did voices c o me 24、 09 海南】The comput er was used in teaching. As a result, not only ________, bu t
students be c a me mo r e interested in the lessons.
A. saved was teachers’ energy
B. was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved
D. was saved teachers’ energy 25、
【09 山东】So s u d d e n ________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack
B. the attack did
C. was the attack
D. the attack was 26、 09 陕西】Little
a bo u t her own safety, though she was in gr eat danger herself .
A. did Rose care
B. Rose did care
C. Rose doe s care
D. do e s Rose care
27、
【09 四川】Not until I came home last night ________ t o bed.
A. Mum did go
B. did Mum go
C. went Mum
D. Mum went 28、
【09 重庆】Unsatisfied _________with the payment, he took the job just t o ge t
some work experience.
A. though was he
B. though he was
C. he was though
D. was he though 29、【08 江西】It was announc ed that only when the fire was under control t o
return t o their homes.
A. the residents would be permitted
B. had the residents been permitted
C. would the residents be permitted
D. the residents had been permitted 30、【08 重庆】Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them.
A.I realized
B.I had realized
C.had I realized D .did I realize
31、 08 江苏】
you eat the correct foods be able t o k eep fit and stay healthy .
A.Only if;will you
B.Only if;you will
C.Unless;will you D .Unless;you will
32、
【08 辽宁】Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.
A. I was neither
B. neither was I
C. I was either 33、
【07 全国Ⅱ】If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,
A.he will either
B.neither will he
C.he neither will D .either he will
34、
【07 上海】—How was the televised debate last night? —Super!Rarely
so much media attention.
D. either was I
A.a debate attracted
B.did a debate attract
C.a debate did attract
D.attracted a debate
35、【07安徽】Little that we were watching his every move,so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.
A.he realized
B.he didn’t realize
C.didn’t he realize
D.did he realize
36、【07陕西】that Marie was able t o set up new branches elsewhere.
A.So successful her business was
B.So successful was her business
C.So her business was successful
D.So was her successful business
37、【07辽宁】I have been living in the United States for twenty years,bu t seldom
so lonely as now.
A.have I felt
B.I had felt
C.I have felt
D.had I felt
38、【07江苏】—My room gets very cold at night.—.
A.So is mine
B.So mine is
C.So d oe s mine
D.So mine do es
39、【07重庆】__________，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A.Strange as might it s oun d
B.As it might s oun d strange
C.As strange it might s ound
D.Strange as it might s ound
40、【06天津】—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No,no sooner
A.had she gone
41、【06浙江】than it happened.
B.she had gone
C.has she gone
D.she has gone
by keeping down costs will P ower Data hold its adv antage
over other companies.
A.Only
B.Just
C.Still
D.Yet
42、【06福建】homework did we have t o do that we had no time t o take a rest.
A.So much
B.T oo much
C.T oo little
43、【06福建】—It’s burning hot today,isn’t it?—Yes.D.So little
yesterday.
A.So was it
B.So it was
C.So it is
D.So is it
44、【06江西】—I r eminded you no t to forget the appointment.—.
A.So you did
B.So I do n ot
C.So did you
D.So do I
45、【06安徽】Never in my wildest dreams_________these people are living in such poor conditions.
A.I could imagine
B.could I imagine
C.I couldn’t imagine
D.couldn’t I imagine
46、【06四川】At the foot of the mountain__________.
A.a village lie
B.lies a village
C.does a village lie
D.lying a village
47、【05湖北】—Father，you promised!
—Well，___________.But it was you who didn’t k eep your word first.
A.so was I
B.so did I
C.so I was
D.so I did
参考答案（倒装句）
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