湖南科技大学高级英语第二册试题及答案

湖南科技大学高级英语第二册试题及答案(试卷1)
I. Vocabulary (30%)
Section 1: From the list of words at the top, select the correct word or phrase for
each blank space. Use each word or phrase only once (15%).
lashed scudded desolate derelict
undoing makings booming contemptuous
a catalytic agent sprees swiveled smoldered
lucrative macabre adjunct
1. Hurricane Camille _________ northwestward across the Gulf of Mexico.
2. Gray clouds________ in from the Gulf on the rising wind.
3. Most of Morocco is so _________ that no wild animal bigger than a hare can lie
on it.
4. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like
a _________
building lot.
5. The Americans are unwilling to witness or permit the slow
________ of these
human rights to which this nation has been committed. 6. Although she was not very smart now, she already had the _________
7. The _________ of American industry no longer left any room for
the code of the
Victorian age.
8. Journalism was a mere ________ to commercialism.
9. The war acted as ____________ in this breaking down of the
Victorian social
structure.
10. Like most escapist _________, this one lasted until the money
ran out. 11. Not hostile, not _________ , not sullen, not even inquisitive. 12. Back and forth, his head ________, desire waxing, resolution waning. 13. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still
__________.
14. Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most _________
and characteristic activity.
15. It reduced the whole aspiration of man to a ________and depressing joke.
Section 2: From the list of words at the top, select the correct synonym for the
underlined words or phrases in each sentence (15%)
hit distress fell apart noticeable
crazy gap aimlessly toughened
call forth ambitious perceptive industrious
put an end to moral attitudes criticism
1. Hurricane Camille was certain to pummel Gulfport, Miss., where the Koshaks
lived.
2. The group heard gunlike reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.
3. But the blues did occasionally afflict all the adults.
4. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews.
5. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.
6. The conversation moved desultorily here and there.
7. What al this tells us is of a deep rift in the culture of England after the Norman
Conquest.
8. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human
poverty and all forms of human life.
9. This new generation has been tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter
peace.
10. Flaming diatribes poured from their pens denouncing the materialism.
11. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.
12. He was an enterprising fellow.
13. He called himself a perspicacious man.
14. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.
15. Thus in a changing world youth was faced with the challenge of bring our mores
up to date.
II. Paraphrase the following sentences. (20%)
1. We‘re elevated 23 feet.
2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it.
3. No one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just
glows.
4. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at
issue around the globe.
5. And it is an activity only of humans.
6. Boy and man, I had been through the region often before.
7. The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the
middle-aged
8. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. 9. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact.
10. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.
III. Translate the following sentences (using the expressions given in the brackets. (20%)
1. A moment later, the hurricane lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it
40 feet through the air.
2. In a tropical landscape one‘s eyes takes in everything except the human beings.
3. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who
are rich.
4. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason.
5. Here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race
of rally cats.
6. 暴风雨使旅客们处于孤立无援的处境。

(maroon)
7. 他们个个都把一杯啤酒看成是一件难得的奢侈品。

(look on)
8. 他有可能已经听说这个坏消息了。

(chances)
9. 我问起他美国的生活，他马上警觉起来。

(sit up)
10. 一丝智慧的光芒闪现在他的眼中。

(glimmer)
IV. Name the figures of speech used in the following sentences. (one in each sentence) (10%)
1. We can batten down and ride it out.
2. Instantly, from the dark holes all around, there was a frenzied rush of Jews.
3. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those
problems which divide us.
4. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.
5. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter.
6. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.
7. One blinked before them as one blinks before a man with his face shot away. 8. He is no mean opponent in the coming debate.
9. When we came back we found him in his armchair, peacefully gone to sleep —
but forever.
10. Hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war and Babbittry,
came in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic center.
V. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question that follows (5%)
UNCLE LOT
And so I am to write a story—but of what, and where? Shall it be radiant with the
sky of Italy or eloquent with the beau ideal of Greece? Shall it breathe odor and languor from the orient, or chivalry from the occident
or gaiety from France? or vigor from England? No, no; these are all too old—too romance-like—too obviously
picturesque for me. No; let me turn to my own land—my own. New England; the land
of bright fires and strong hearts; the land of deeds, and not of words; the land of fruits, and not of flowers; the land often spoken against, yet always respected; ?The latches of whose shoes the nations of the earth are not worthy to unloose.‘
Now from this very heroic apostrophe, you may suppose that I have something very heroic to tell. By no means. it is merely a little introductory breeze of patriotism, such as occasionally brushes over every mind, bearing on its wings the remembrance of all we ever loved of cherished in the land of our early years; and if it should seem to be rodomontade to any people in other parts of the earth, let them only imagine it to be said about ?Old Kentucky,‘ old England, or any other corner of the world in which
they happened to be born and they will find it quite rational.
But, as touching our story, it is time to being. Did you every see the little village of Newbury, in New England I dare say you never did; for it was just one of those out-of-the-way places where nobody every came unless they came on purpose: a green little hollow, wedged like a bird‘s nest between half a dozen high hills, that kept off the wind and kept out foreigners; so that the little place was as straightly sui
generis as if there were not another in the world. The inhabitants were all of that
respectable old steadfast family who make it a point to be born, bred, married, to die, and be buried all in the selfsame spot. There were just so many houses, and just so many people lived in them; and nobody ever seemed to be sick, or to die either, at least while I was there. The natives grew old till they could not grow any older, and then they stood still, and lasted from generation to generation. There was, too, an unchangeability about all the externals of Newbury. Here was a red house, and there was a brown house, and across the way was a yellow house; and there was a straggling rail fence or a tribe of mullein
stalks between. The minister lived here, and Squire Moses lived there, and Deacon Hart lived under the hill, and Messrs. Nadab and Abihu Peters lived by the crossword, and the old ?wider‘ Smith lived by the meeting-house, and Ebenezer Camp kept a shoemaker‘s shop on one side, and Patience Mosely kept a milliner‘s shop in front; and there was old Comfort Scran, who kept store for the whole town, and sold axeheads, brass thimbles, licorice balls, fancy handkerchiefs, and everything else you can think of. Here, too, was the general post-office, where you might see letters marvelously folded, directed wrong side upward, stamped with a thimble, and superscribed to some of the Dollys, or Pollys, or Peters, or Moseses forenamed or not named.
For the rest, as to manners, morals, arts, and sciences, the people in Newbury always went to their parties at thr ee o‘clock in the
afternoon, and came home before dark; always stopped all work the minute the sun was down on Saturday night; always went to meeting on Sunday; had a schoolhouse with all the ordinary inconveniences; were in neighborly charity with each other; read their Bibles, feared their God, and were content with such things as they had—the best philosophy,
after all
.
1. In the first paragraph the author contrasts the East and the West as
[A] indolent and gallant. [B] charming and rude.
[C] foreign and familiar. [D] passive and aggressive.
2. In the second paragraph we can see that the author assumes her readers
[A] prefer rigorous arguments. [B] share similar feelings.
[C] need a lot of persuading. [D] dislike figurative language.
3. The author chooses New England as her subject matter because she knows it well
and because its inhabitants are
[A] talkative rather than diligent. [B] productive rather than self-indulgent.
[C] romantic rather than serious. [D] charming rather than admired.
4. The facts in the passage indicate that village of Newbury is
[A] accustomed to seeing vagabonds.
[B] a densely populated area.
[C] socially and politically progressive.
[D]located in a remote part of the country.
5. The author‘s view of Newbury is
[A] retrospective. [B] detached. [C] impartial .[D] skeptical.
VI. Read the following passage and answer questions based on the passage: (15 %)
Naturally, the spirit of carnival and enthusiasm for high military adventure were soon dissipated once the eager young men had received a good taste of twentieth
century warfare. To their lasting glory, they fought with distinction, but it was a much more altered group of soldiers who returned form the battlefield in 1919. Especially was this true of the college contingent, whose idealism had led them to enlist early and who had generally seen a considerable amount of action. To them, it was bitter to return to a home town virtually untouched by the conflict, whose citizens still talked with the naive Fourth-of-July bombast they themselves had been guilty of two or three years earlier. It was even more bitter to find that their old jobs had been taken by the stay-at-homes, that business was suffering a recession that prevented the opening up of new jobs, and that veterans were considered problem children and less desirable than non-veterans for whatever business opportunities that did exist. Their homes were often uncomfortable to them; they had outgrown town and families and had developed a sudden bewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could
understand. Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had ―made the world safe for democracy.‖ And, as if home town conditions were not enough, the returning veteran also had to face the sodden, Napolenic cynicism of Versailles, the hypocritical do-goodism of Prohibition, and the smug patriotism of the war profiteers. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to ―give‖ and, after a short period of bitter resentment, it ―gave‖ in the for m of a complete overthrow of genteel standards of behaviour.
Questions:
1. According to the passage, the notion that their fighting had
―made the world safe for democracy‖ was outmoded, why? Had their fighting really made the world safe
for democracy? If yes, state your reasons. If not, state your reasons. (5%) 2. Why was it bitter for the returning veteran to return to their hometown? (3%) 3. How do you understand the phrase ―a good taste‖? (2%)
4. How do you understand the two ―give‖ in the last sente nce of
this passage? (5%)
(卷1)参考答案
I. Vocabulary (30%) (1分1题)
Section 1
1. lashed 9. a catalytic agent
2. scudded 10.sprees
3. desolate 11.contemptuous
4. derelict
12.swiveled 5. undoing 13.smoldered 6. makings 14.lucrative 7. booming 15.macabre 8. adjunct
Section 2
1. hit
2. fell apart
3. distress
4. crazy
5. noticeable
6. aimlessly
7. gap
8. put an end to
9. toughened
10.criticism
11.call forth
12.ambitious
13.perceptive
14.industrious
15.moral attitudes
II( Paraphrase (20%) (2分1题)
1. We’re 23 feet above sea level.
2. The house has been at this place since 1915, and has never been damaged by any hurricanes.
3. No one knows how the conversation will go as it moves aimlessly and desultorily or as it becomes spirited and exciting.
4. Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today, this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world.
5. And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings.
6. As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had often traveled through the region.
7. At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.
8. The house has been at this place since 1915, and has never been damaged by any hurricanes.
9. All the empires build up their empires by treating the people in the colonials like animals (by not treating the people in the colonials as human beings).
10. United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in
a great number of joint undertakings.
III. Translation (20%) (2分1题)
1. 不一会儿，一阵强风掠过，将整个屋顶卷入空中，抛向40英尺以外。

2(在热带的景色中，万物皆一目了然，唯独看不见人。

3(一个自由社会如若不能帮助众多的穷人，也就无法保全少数的富人。

4(赶时髦就是最缺乏理智的表现。

5.人们的居住条件如此糟糕，连那些流浪街头的野猫也为之害羞。

6(The travelers were marooned by the storm.
7(Everyone of them looks on a glass of beer as an impossible luxury. 8(Chances are that he has already heard about this bad news. 9(I asked him about life in America and that made him sit up. 10. A glimmer of intelligence came into her eyes)
IV. Figure of speech (10%)(1分1题)
1. metaphor
2. transferred epithet
3. antithesis
4. parallelism
5. metonymy
6. synecdoche
7. simile
8. litotes
9. euphemism
10.metonymy
V. Read the following passages and choose the correct answer to each question that follows (5%)
1-5 ABBDA
阅读理解选择题一个题1分，共5分;
VI. Reading the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Use brief words and correct grammar. Both your ideas and language will be graded. (15%)
1 (5%), 2(3%), 3(2%), 4(5%)
问题解答按以下原则评分:学生须在归纳时总结出文章的主要内容、作者的基本
目的、文章的主旨，阅卷时考虑学生的语言运用是否正确、有无语法错误、单词
拼写、语言是否地道等。

后面两题依照参考答案，学生的答案和参考答案相似或
接近，用词须准确、地道，回答简明扼要，视情况给分。

(试卷2)
I. Vocabulary (30%)
Section 1: From the list of words at the top, select the correct word or phrase for
each blank space. Use each word or phrase only once (15%).
twopence host room flattered
belligerent whipped cowered mummified
warped squashed contingent distinction
recollections adjunct at odds
1. Wind and rain now __________ the house.
2. The dog _________ with eyes closed.
3. The man‘s left leg is _________ out of shape.
4. The old women are __________ with age and heat.
5. In this connection it doesn‘t matter ___________ if he calls himself a socialist.
6. The black soldiers‘ feet ___________into boots that looked like blocks of wood.
7. For we dare not meet a powerful challenge _________ and split asunder.
8. Especially was this true of the college _________ , whose idealism had led them
to enlist early.
9. United, there is little we cannot do in a _________of co-operative ventures.
10. They fought with __________ .
11. The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic _________ to the
middle-aged.
12. Journalism was a mere __________ to commercialism.
13. The booming of American industry no longer left ________ for the code of the
Victorian age..
14. Meanwhile, the true intellectuals were far from _________.
15. Our official reluctance to declare our status as a __________ was intolerable to
many of our citizens.
Section 2: From the list of words at the top, select the correct synonym for the
underlined words or phrases in each sentence (15%)
raised insecurely pleasant-looking tendency
rotting sheltered scorn trait
unpleasant narrow-minded set free exhausting
looked down upon fights covered
1. The Saxon peasants who tilled the land and reared the animals could not afford the
meat.
2. The Norman lords of courts turned up their noses at the rabbit meat.
3. Red brick ages with dignity. Let it become downright black, it is still sightly.
4. The pull is always toward ugliness.
5. They lean this way and that, hanging on to their bases precariously.
6. You will, in fact, find nothing of the sort in Europe –save perhaps in the more
putrid parts of England.
7. Greenwich Village had also harbored enough major writers.
8. They were trying to flout the morality of their grandfathers.
9. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees.
10. We had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from
retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality.
11. It took five grueling nights, but it was worth it.
12. Charles Lamb unfettered the informal essay with his memorable work. 13. The one hundred days fracas with Spain had dissolved into a
one-sided victory. 14. The ?lost generation‘ attitude nevertheless
acted as a common denominator of the
writing of the times.
15. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.
II. Paraphrase the following sentences. (20%)
1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like
a derelict
building-lot.
2. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied
rush of Jews.
3. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived
side by side with
each other, did not delve into each other‘s lives or the recesses
of their thoughts
and feelings.
4. This much we pledge,and more.
5. They got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.
6. Conversation is not for making a point.
7. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation. 8. It reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.
9. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills. 10. They had outgrown towns and families.
III. Translate the following sentences (using the expressions given in the brackets. (20%)
1. I tore off a piece of bread and he stowed it gratefully in some secret place under
his rags.
th2. The conversation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19 century to the
thEnglish peasants of the 12 century.
3. United, there is little we can not do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided,
there is little we can do, for we dare meet a powerful challenge at odds and split
asunder.
4. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.
5. It reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.
6. 对生活在这片贫瘠的土地上的人来说，他们祖祖辈辈的生活就是从是从贫瘠
的土壤中费力地弄出点吃的来。

(wring)
7. Tim的婚姻亮起了红灯。

(on the rocks)
8. 法律规定对受贿该处以什么刑法,(prescribe)
9. 他试图超过他的对手但最终还是失败了。

(outpace)
10. 他从小就有艺术家的素质。

(makings)
IV. Name the figures of speech used in the following sentences. (One in each sentence) (10%)
11. Hurricane Camille seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3/2
miles away.
2. The glow of the conversation burst into flames.
3. …four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots
and a clatter of iron wheels.
4. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.
5. Petey lay snoring in his bed, the raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at
his feet.
6. The effect of the ugly stadium with an impossible yellow penthouse is that of a fat
woman with a black eye.
7. The country itself is not uncomely.
8. When we came back we found him in his armchair, peacefully gone to sleep —
but forever.
9. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what
you can do for your country.
10. We felt strong, smug, secure.
V. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question that follows (5%)
GRAPES OF WRATH
We live in southern California growing grapes, a first generation of vintners, our home adjacent to the vineyards and the winery. It‘s a very pretty place, and in order to
earn the money to realize our dream of making wine, we worked for many years in a business that demanded several household moves, an incredible amount of risk-taking and long absences from my husband. When it was time, we traded in our old life, cinched up our belts and began the creation of the winery.
We make small amounts of premium wine, and our lives are dictated by the rhythm of nature and the demands of the living vines. The vines
start sprouting tiny green tendrils in March and April, and the baby grapes begin to form in miniature, so perfect that they can be dipped in gold to form jewelry. The grapes swell and ripen in early fall, and when their sugar content is at the right level, they are harvested carefully by hand and crushed in small lots. The wine is fermented and tended
until it is ready to be bottled. The vineyards shed their leaves, the vines are pruned and made ready for the dormant months—and the next vintage.
It sounds nice, doesn‘t it? Living in the country, our day s spent
in the ancient
routine of the vineyard, knowing that the course of our lives as vintners was choreographed long age and that if we practiced diligently, our wine would be good and we‘d be successful. From the start we knew there was a price for the privilege of
becoming a wine-making family, connected to the land and the
caprices of nature.
We work hard at something we love, we are slow to panic over the
daily emergencies, we are nimble at solving problems as they arise. Some hazards to completing a successful vintage are expected: rain just
before harvesting can cause mold; electricity unexpectedly interrupted during the cold fermentation of white wine can damage it; a delayed payment from a major client when the money is needed.
There are outside influences that disrupt production and take patience, good will and perseverance. (For example ) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms regulates every facet of the wine business.
A winery‘s records are audited as often as two or three times a year
and every label—newly written for each year‘s vintage—must be approved....
(But) The greatest threat to the winery, and one that almost made us lose heart, came out of a lawyer‘s imagination. Our little winery was served notice that we were named in
a lawsuit accusing us of endangering the public health by using lead foils on our bottles (it was the only material used until recently)
―without warning consumers of a possible risk.‖ There it was, our winery‘s name listed with the industry‘s giants....
...I must have asked a hundred times: ―Who gets the money if the lawsuit is successful?‖ The answer was, and I never was abler to assimilate it, the plaintiffs and their lawyers who filed the suit! Since the lawsuit was brought in behalf of consumers, it seemed to me that consumers must get something if it was proved that a lead foil was dangerous to them. We were told one of the two consumer claimants was an employee of the firm filing the suit!
There are attorneys who focus their careers on lawsuits like this.
It is an immense danger to the small businessman. Cash reserves can be used up in the blink of an eye when in the company of lawyers. As long as it‘s possible for anyone to sue anybody for anything, we are all in danger. As long as the legal profession allows members to practice law dishonorably and lawyers are congratulated for winning big money in this way, we‘ll all be plagued with a corruptible justice system.
1. The phrase ―cinched up our belts,‖ in the firs paragraph, suggests that the couple
[A] thought creating a winery would be easy.
[B] wore clothing that was too big.
[C] strapped their belongings together and moved.
[D] prepared for the difficult work ahead.
2. The grapes are harvested on a date that
[A] may vary.
[B] is traditionally set.
[C] depends on the approval of the regulatory bureau.
[D] is determined by availability of pickers.
3. According to the author, the life of vintners is most controlled by
[A] the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.
[B] unexpected changes in temperature.
[C] the sugar content of the grapes.
[D] the tempo of the seasons.
4. The writer complains that when she questioned the lawyers she
[A] never got an answer.
[B] never got a simple answer.
[C] could make no sense of the answer she got.
[D] could not understand the answer she got.
5. The writer thinks that the legal profession
[A] strives to protect consumers.
[B] includes rapacious attorneys.
[C] does a good job of policing its members.
[D] is part of an incorruptible system.
VI. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. (15%)
How to Poison the Earth
Poisoning the earth can be difficult because the earth is always trying to cleanse and renew itself. Keeping this in mind, we should
generate as much waste as possible from substances such as uranium-238, which has a half-life (the time it takes for half of the substance to decay) of one million years, or plutonium, which has a half-life of only 0.5 million years but is so toxic that if distributed evenly, ten pounds of it could kill every person on the earth. Because the United States generate about eighteen tons of plutonium per year, it is about the best substance for long-term poisoning of the earth. It would help if we
would build more nuclear power plants because each one generates only
500 pounds of plutonium each year. Of course, we must include persistent toxic chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyl (PCR) and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) to make sure we have enough
toxins to poison the earth from the core to the outer atmosphere. First, we must develop many different ways of putting the waste from these nuclear and chemical substances in, on, and around the earth.
Putting these substances in the earth is a most important step in
the poisoning process. With deep-well injection we can ensure that the earth is poisoned all the way to the core. Deep-well injection involves drilling a hole that is a few thousand feet deep and injecting toxic substances at extremely high pressures so they will penetrate deep into the earth. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), there are about 360 such deep injection wells in the United States. We cannot forget the groundwater aquifers that are closer to the surface. These must also be contaminated. This is easily done by shallow-well injection, which operates on the same principle as deep-well injection, only closer。