2019-2020学年安徽省芜湖市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年安徽省芜湖市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题
及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Amid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.
Potatoes
Shelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark place
Yukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.
Tea
※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" date
Dried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.
Peanuts
● Shelf life：1 to 2 months
Peanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.
Canned fruits and vegetables
● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” date
Canningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.
1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?
A. Potatoes.
B. Tea.
C. Peanuts.
D. Canned fruits and vegetables.
2. What is special about tea?
A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.
B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.
C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.
D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.
3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?
A. Shapes of cans.
B. Categories of foods.
C. Decline of the temperature.
D. Exposure to high temperature.
B
Light pollution is a significant but overlooked driver of the rapid decline of insect populations, according to the most comprehensive review of the scientific evidence to date.
Artificial light at night can affect every aspect of insects' lives, the researchers said. "We strongly believe artificial light at night — in combination with habitat loss, chemical pollution.invasive (入侵的) species, and climate change — is driving insect declines, " the scientists concluded after assessing more than 150 studies.
Insect population collapses have been reported around the world, and the first global scientific review published in February,said widespread declines threatened to cause a "catastrophic collapse of nature's ecosystems".
There are thought to be millions of insect species, most still unknown to science, and about half are active at night. Those active in the day may also be disturbed by light at night when they are at rest.
The most familiar impact of light pollution is moths (飞蛾) flapping around a bulb, mistaking it for the moon. Some insects use the polarisation of light to find the water they need to breed, as light waves line up after reflecting from a smooth surface. But artificial light can scupper (使泡汤) this. Insects areimportant prey (猎物) for many species, but light pollution can tip the balance in favour of the predator if it traps insects around lights. Such increases in predation risk were likely to cause the rapid extinction of affected species, the researchers said.
The researchers said most human-caused threats to insects have analogues in nature, such as climate change and invasive species. But light pollution is particularly hard for insects to deal with.
However, unlike other drivers of decline, light pollution is ly easy to prevent. Simply turning off lights that are not needed is the most obvious action, he said, while making lights motion-activated also cuts light pollution. Shading lights so only the area needed is lit up is important. It is the same with avoiding blue-white lights, which interfere with daily rhythms. LED lights also offer hope as they can be easily tuned to avoid harmful colours and
flicker rates.
4. What is discussed in the passage?
A. Causes of declining insect populations.
B. Consequences of insect population collapses.
C. Light pollution: the key bringer of insect declines.
D. Insect declines: the driver of the collapsed ecosystem.
5. What is the 5th paragraph mainly about?
A. How light travels in space.
B. How light helps insects find food.
C. How the food chain is interrelated.
D. How light pollution affects insects.
6. What does the underlined word"analogues"in Paragraph 6probably mean?
A. Selective things.
B. Similar things.
C. Variations.
D. Limitations.
7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To offer solutions.
B. To give examples.
C. To make comparisons.
D. To present arguments.
C
The secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time betweenchildhood and full adulthood, that’s around 30, are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges?
G. William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at theUniversityofCalifornia, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, “Izzy” and “Jasmine”. Izzy provided a collection of 4, 329 dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between the ages of 14 and 25.
Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined(预先
确定的)number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, accuracy, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However,itcan only lead so far.
To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings(词串)for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy these word strings included “family and s”, “celebrities” and “fantasy”, while the word strings they created for Jasmine included “familiar places,” electrical equipment” and “music”. The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency(一致性)and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer.
“The frequencies of dream elements show the intensity(强度)of the dreamer’s personal concern with that element in waking thought,” Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away.
8. What do psychologists agree with about dreams?
A. Dreams are influenced by life experiences.
B. Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain.
C. Dreams in one’s teens and twenties are strongest.
D The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated.
9. What does “it” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The collection of dreams.
B. Research into dreaming.
C. The digital method.
D. The challenge for psychologists.
10. How do the researchers conduct their study?
A. By analyzing large data sets.
B. By developing individualized word strings.
C. By identifying the patterns of dreaming.
D. By making comparison with traditional research.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. New tech, new finding
B. Dreams: reflections of waking reality
C. Lives, languages, dreams
D. Life experiences: elements of mental world
D
Remember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be moresalutaryto your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.
Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in chocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.
Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), andprotects against tooth decay.
Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective effect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar content, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.
12. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?
A. Beneficial.
B. Harmful.
C. Familiar.
D. Useless.
13. What can we know about the compound CBH in chocolate?
A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.
B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.
C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.
D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.
14. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?
A. By breaking down acids.
B. By building up compounds.
C. By fixing up tooth enamel.
D. By fighting against bacteria.
15. What's the main idea of the text?
A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.
B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.
C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.
D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Amsterdam’s Blossoming Bikes Pop Up
Brightly coloured bikes decorated in flowers, butterflies and clocks have been popping up all over Amsterdam for years.____16____. They are from an American man named Warren Gregory.
Known fondly as the Flower Bike Man, Warren’s bike-decorating campaign began when his wife couldn’t find her bike at Amsterdam Central. Warren’s wife, Michelle, often struggled to remember details like where she parked her bike. To help her out, Warren decorated her bike in bright flowers.____17____. He then decorated a bunch of abandoned bikes, which he left along the route home so that she would never get lost again.
____18____. Warren started decorating more bikes, and then ventured out into the streets early in the morning to leave his gifts to the world before the city woke up. Each bike was carefully named and had its own personality, all representing love and happiness.
Warren creates the bikes using money out of his own pocket, and uses old, abandoned bikes that he collects. Bringing these forgotten wrecks back to life is beautiful in so many ways. In a country where people love bikes so much, it’s no wonder that Warren has become a treasure in Amsterdam. People love Warren’s bicycles so much that they insist on paying for his creations.
____19____. “For me, seeing the bikes I created is enough,” he said.
Other than being a creative artist, Warren is also a really nice guy. His Instagram posts are flooded with encouragements and words of love, and you can feel the time and love that he pours into every bike that he creates.____20____.
A. But they are unacceptable
B. In that case, it would be easier to find
C. But money is never his main motivation
D. You may wonder why they are so popular
E. Joy of passers-by generated his further enthusiasm
F. We truly need more people like the Flower Bike Man
G. They are not the works from a mysterious Dutch bike fairy
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项At 10 am, I was sitting in a large hotel. I got to meet my___21___, Tony Hawk. I woke up early in the morning.
I was excited but also a little___22___. Tony Hawk was considered to be one of the most successful pioneers of modern skateboarding and I had___23___him since I first saw him on television. I left my home___24___what it would be like to meet him. I arrived at Tony’s hotel and___25___two teens. I learnt that they were also Tony’s fans and would attend this interview.___26___, we had taken part in the same group — the world was small. After a short talk, we started to____27____, going over all the questions we would ask Tony.
Shortly after we_____28_____and organized the most important questions, there was a knock at the door. I started to___29___. I could not get over the_____30_____that I was about to meet the best skateboarder. Tony Hawk walked in and sat down. I was very nervous____31____somehow was able to introduce myself. He was____32____and gave us honest answers to all our questions.Throughout the interview I kept_______33_______, wow, he was so cool. Most people in his position might be proud but he was______34______down-to-earth (朴实的). He also told us if we never______35______and worked hard, our dreams would come true.
After the interview, he left. He was_____36_____because he had to attend an important meeting. I was so happy to have had this____37____to interview this great skateboarder, who had got so many____38____in the world. I would never forget this_____39_____and could not wait to get home and_____40_____it with my family and friends.
21. A.teacher B.hero C.friend D.guide
22. A.puzzled B.frightened C.nervous D.sad
23. A.recognized B.missed C.admired D.called
24. A.warning B.doubting C.proving D.wondering
25. A.came across B.looked after C.turned to D.watched out
26. A.Hopefully B.Amazingly C.Finally D.Obviously
27. A.leave B.perform C.move D.work
28. A.answered B.picked C.threw D.faced
29. A.ask B.shout C.shake ugh
30. A.project B.suggestion C.fact D.news
31. A.but B.as C.so D.and
32. A.shy B.simple C.friendly D.cold
33. A.discussing B.thinking C.guessing D.reporting
34. A.partly B.hardly C.normally D.really
35. A.continued on B.gave up C.turned up D.came back
36. A.busy B.quiet C.lonely D.stressed
37. A.excuse B.reason C.chance D.plan
38. A.smiles B.gifts C.friends D.awards
39. A.game B.idea C.experience D.lesson
40. A.replace B.share C.exchange D.spread
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The World Health Organization (WHO) has decided that the novel corona virus outbreak is considered as an international public health emergency,___41.___(set) off the global action to prevent the spread of the virus. It is the sixth time that WHO___42.___(declare) such an emergency since 2005.
"The declaration is necessary because human-to-human infection has been confirmed in other countries.___43.___virus has now been found in several other Asian nations and reached Australia, the United States and Europe as well”WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, "We would have___44.___(probable) seen many more cases and deaths outside China by now without Chinese government's efforts and the progress they have made___45.___( protect) their own people and the people around the world."
"The speed with which China raced to the outbreak and isolated the virus is very___46.___(impress) and beyond words,The Chinese government is to be congratulated for the extraordinary measures it has taken to control the outbreak despite the negative economic influence those measures are having___47.___the whole Society.In many ways, China is actually setting a new standard for virus outbreak___48.___,(respond), and this is not an exaggeration (夸大),”he add WHO will offer member states a seriesof suggestion___49.___are aimed at controlling the spread of the disease and giving support to____50.____(affect) areas.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(Ʌ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\ )划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Today I'd like to talk about the approaches to express love to parents. Recently I have moved by an advertisement, that encourages people to go home more often. I think it doesn't cost too many to show our love to our parents.
First, do not just visit them during holidays or at weekends. Second, it is suggested that we must take them to travel, making them relaxed. Finally, we'd better to have a chat with them, hoping to exchange idea with them. With a word, it's never too late to express their love to parents. It's why our parents need care and love from us.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One rainy day, Lily, a sad little girl, was looking out of the window. Her mother was doing her usual housework. She had been busy preparing dinner and washing clothes. Her daughter, not old enough to go to school, had wanted to play outside, but it was raining. The mother told her little girl to get some paper and a pencil to draw pictures. She hadn’t noticed her daughter was very sad.
Lily was the only child in the family and had no brothers or sisters to play with. She sat on the sofa with her pencil and paper, looked out of the window and began to draw a picture. She drew the window with rain streaming down the glass. Then she drew a little girl in front of the window with ribbons in her hair. The mother passed by as she was going to put the clothes into the dryer. She told her daughter that her drawing was pretty. Lily said thank you, but she still wanted to go out to play. Her mother said, “We have discussed that already. You can’t. It’s raining.”
Lily continued to draw the picture, while her mother went back to the kitchen to check on dinner. The mother could see her daughter’s drawing across the glass door that divided the two rooms. In the drawing, a little girl had big tears rolling down her cheeks. The mother thought about the events of the day in her mind.
Several times that day, Lily had asked her mother for permission to go out and play. The rain had prevented
her from going out. She had asked her mother to play and watch cartoons with her. Each time, her mother was too busy with things she had to do. The mother felt guilty, and realized the little girl in the drawing was her daughter’s self-portrait. So she walked into the living room.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:
She sat down on the sofa by her daughter.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
Paragraph 2:
“Where’s my surprise, Mommy?” Lily asked curiously.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
参考答案
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. D
6. B
7. A
8. C 9. C 10. B 11. B
12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
16. G 17. B 18. E 19. C 20. F
21. B 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32.
C 33. B 34.
D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B
41. setting
42. has declared
43. The 44. probably
45. to protect
46. impressive
47. on 48. response/respond
49. that/which
50. affected
51.(1). express → expressing
(2).have 后加been
(3). that → which
(4). many → much
(5). 删除must 或把must 改→ should
(6). 删除to
(7). idea → ideas
(8). With → In
(9).their → our
(10). why → because
52.略。