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摘要
摘要
效率问题由来已久，如何评价一个人的工作效率、如何评价一个企业的生产 效率、如何评价一个政府的办事效率等等，这些问题时常出现在我们的日常生活 中。效率评价一直以来都是个人、企业乃至全社会中的关键任务。效率通常是指 如何以尽量少的投入获得尽量多的产出或产品。在政治经济学中，效率定义为资 源分配的一种理想状态，在资源分配的过程中，在没有使任何人境况变坏的前提 下，使得至少一个人变得更好，从而达到帕累托最优。本文所涉及的效率，仅仅 指技术效率，即衡量在现有生产技术水平的前提下，等量的投入水平所创造的产 出水平和生产前沿面的距离。
This paper is mainly includes the research object of subsystem decision system. System structure will have many different ways, this paper selects the most common chain system and parallel type system for research. This paper reviewed the first chapter, the second chapter presents for chain system model, the third chapter presents parallel type system model, the fourth chapter for sum and prospect. This paper respectively on chain system and parallel type system proposed new efficiency evaluation model. Based on the tobacco industry as an empirical research. This paper puts forward the analysis model of enterprise practice. More suit This research for example enterprise the improvement of the efficiency has certain practical significance.
网络 DEA 是指网络结构下的系统效率分析。传统 DEA 方法把决策单元看成一 个―黑箱‖，不考虑决策单元的系统构成，忽视系统中子过程之间效率的相互影 响，以及子过程效率对系统整体效率的影响。然而现实中各种生产运作过程往往 具有网络系统的复杂性。所谓网络系统指的是一种包含子系统（sub-system）的 决策系统（system）。网络 DEA 模型一方面可以用于解决复杂系统评价过程中存 在的问题，另一方面也可以把 DEA 评价系统的―黑箱‖打开。网络 DEA 的出现， 使得 DEA 方法可以更加深入地分析系统中各个环节的运作绩效以及各系统环节 之间的相互影响，提高效率分析精确度。
III
ABSTRA CT
the other hand can also put DEA evaluation system of "black box" open. The emergence of network DEA, making the DEA method can more in-depth analysis system of various links operation performance as well as various system link the interaction between, improve efficiency analysis accuracy.
学术界关于效率的研究方法有很多种，本文的主要研究方法是数据包络分析 （ Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA ）。 数 据 包 络 分 析 （ Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA）是一种用于评价包含多投入、多产出指标体系决策单元 （Decision Making Unit, DMU）效率的评价方法。DEA 方法由 Charnes， Cooper 和 Rhodes 于 1978 首次提出，该方法一经提出立刻被众多学者广泛推广应用于医 院、酒店、高校、奥运会等不同领域，并逐渐发展成为集应用数学、经济学、运 筹学、管理科学交叉研究的一个新的科学学科。
本文的主要创新点有（1）建立针对链式网络结构的 DEA 效率评价模型;（2） 建立针对并式网络结构的 DEA 效率评价模型;（3）分析系统中各个子过程之间的 效率关系，以及子过程效率对系统效率的影响;（4）实证分析（针对烟草企业，
I
摘要
提出合理化建议）。 关键词 效率评价 数据包络分析 网络 DE A 子系统 链式系统 并行式系统
II
ABSTRA CT
ABSTRACT
Efficiency is a deep-rooted problem, how to evaluate a person's work efficiency and how to evaluate a enterprise production efficiency, how to evaluate a government efficiency and so on, these problems often appear in our daily life. Efficiency evaluation has long been a man, enterprise and even the whole society the key tasks. Efficiency usually refers to how to obtain the less as far as possible put as much as possible output or products. In political economics, the efficiency of resource allocation defined as a kind of ideal, in resource allocation process, in no circumstances make anyone under the premise of bad, make at least one better, thus achieves pareto optimality. This paper involves the efficiency, only refers to the technical efficiency measure, namely in the existing manufacturing technology level premise, the same amount of investment level created the output level and production frontier distance.
Academics on the efficiency of research in many ways, this paper main research method is Data Envelopment Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), order. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Data Envelopment order is a kind of used to evaluate contains many inputs and outputs index system Decision Making Decision Making units (Unit, DMU) efficiency evaluation method. DEA method by Charnes Rhodes in 1978, Cooper and presented first, this method is put forward by many scholars immediately widely applied in hospitals, hotels, universities, the Olympic Games in different fields, and gradually developed into set applied mathematics, economics, operations research, management science crossover study of a new scientific disciplines.
This paper main innovations have (1) establish the DEA for chain network structure efficiency evaluation model.(2) establishing the network structure and type according to DEA efficiency assessment model.(3) analysis system of various subprocesses efficiency of the relationship, and between the efficiency of system son process efficiency influences;(4) the empirical analysis (on tobacco ente rprise, put forward rational Suggestions).
Network DEA refers to the network structure system effic iency analysis. Traditional DEA method put decision unit as a "black box", do not consider decision unit the system structure, ignore system between neutron process, and the mutual influence the efficiency of system subprocesses efficiency the influence of overall efficiency. However reality various production processes often have network system of complexity. The so-called network system refers to a sub - system containing subsystem (the decision- making system (system). Network DEA model can be used to solve the complex system on the problems existing in the process of evaluating, on
本文的研究对象主要是包含子系统的决策系统。系统构成会有多种不同的方 式，本文选取最为常见的链式系统和并行式系统进行研究。本文的第一章为综述、 第二章介绍链式系统模型、第三章介绍并行式系统模型、第四章为总结与展望。 本文分别对链式系统和并行式系统提出新的效率评价模型。本文以烟草行业为例 进行了实证研究。本文提出的分析模型更加切合企业实际状况。本文的研究对于 实例中企业效率的改善具有一定的现实意义。
摘要
效率问题由来已久，如何评价一个人的工作效率、如何评价一个企业的生产 效率、如何评价一个政府的办事效率等等，这些问题时常出现在我们的日常生活 中。效率评价一直以来都是个人、企业乃至全社会中的关键任务。效率通常是指 如何以尽量少的投入获得尽量多的产出或产品。在政治经济学中，效率定义为资 源分配的一种理想状态，在资源分配的过程中，在没有使任何人境况变坏的前提 下，使得至少一个人变得更好，从而达到帕累托最优。本文所涉及的效率，仅仅 指技术效率，即衡量在现有生产技术水平的前提下，等量的投入水平所创造的产 出水平和生产前沿面的距离。
This paper is mainly includes the research object of subsystem decision system. System structure will have many different ways, this paper selects the most common chain system and parallel type system for research. This paper reviewed the first chapter, the second chapter presents for chain system model, the third chapter presents parallel type system model, the fourth chapter for sum and prospect. This paper respectively on chain system and parallel type system proposed new efficiency evaluation model. Based on the tobacco industry as an empirical research. This paper puts forward the analysis model of enterprise practice. More suit This research for example enterprise the improvement of the efficiency has certain practical significance.
网络 DEA 是指网络结构下的系统效率分析。传统 DEA 方法把决策单元看成一 个―黑箱‖，不考虑决策单元的系统构成，忽视系统中子过程之间效率的相互影 响，以及子过程效率对系统整体效率的影响。然而现实中各种生产运作过程往往 具有网络系统的复杂性。所谓网络系统指的是一种包含子系统（sub-system）的 决策系统（system）。网络 DEA 模型一方面可以用于解决复杂系统评价过程中存 在的问题，另一方面也可以把 DEA 评价系统的―黑箱‖打开。网络 DEA 的出现， 使得 DEA 方法可以更加深入地分析系统中各个环节的运作绩效以及各系统环节 之间的相互影响，提高效率分析精确度。
III
ABSTRA CT
the other hand can also put DEA evaluation system of "black box" open. The emergence of network DEA, making the DEA method can more in-depth analysis system of various links operation performance as well as various system link the interaction between, improve efficiency analysis accuracy.
学术界关于效率的研究方法有很多种，本文的主要研究方法是数据包络分析 （ Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA ）。 数 据 包 络 分 析 （ Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA）是一种用于评价包含多投入、多产出指标体系决策单元 （Decision Making Unit, DMU）效率的评价方法。DEA 方法由 Charnes， Cooper 和 Rhodes 于 1978 首次提出，该方法一经提出立刻被众多学者广泛推广应用于医 院、酒店、高校、奥运会等不同领域，并逐渐发展成为集应用数学、经济学、运 筹学、管理科学交叉研究的一个新的科学学科。
本文的主要创新点有（1）建立针对链式网络结构的 DEA 效率评价模型;（2） 建立针对并式网络结构的 DEA 效率评价模型;（3）分析系统中各个子过程之间的 效率关系，以及子过程效率对系统效率的影响;（4）实证分析（针对烟草企业，
I
摘要
提出合理化建议）。 关键词 效率评价 数据包络分析 网络 DE A 子系统 链式系统 并行式系统
II
ABSTRA CT
ABSTRACT
Efficiency is a deep-rooted problem, how to evaluate a person's work efficiency and how to evaluate a enterprise production efficiency, how to evaluate a government efficiency and so on, these problems often appear in our daily life. Efficiency evaluation has long been a man, enterprise and even the whole society the key tasks. Efficiency usually refers to how to obtain the less as far as possible put as much as possible output or products. In political economics, the efficiency of resource allocation defined as a kind of ideal, in resource allocation process, in no circumstances make anyone under the premise of bad, make at least one better, thus achieves pareto optimality. This paper involves the efficiency, only refers to the technical efficiency measure, namely in the existing manufacturing technology level premise, the same amount of investment level created the output level and production frontier distance.
Academics on the efficiency of research in many ways, this paper main research method is Data Envelopment Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), order. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Data Envelopment order is a kind of used to evaluate contains many inputs and outputs index system Decision Making Decision Making units (Unit, DMU) efficiency evaluation method. DEA method by Charnes Rhodes in 1978, Cooper and presented first, this method is put forward by many scholars immediately widely applied in hospitals, hotels, universities, the Olympic Games in different fields, and gradually developed into set applied mathematics, economics, operations research, management science crossover study of a new scientific disciplines.
This paper main innovations have (1) establish the DEA for chain network structure efficiency evaluation model.(2) establishing the network structure and type according to DEA efficiency assessment model.(3) analysis system of various subprocesses efficiency of the relationship, and between the efficiency of system son process efficiency influences;(4) the empirical analysis (on tobacco ente rprise, put forward rational Suggestions).
Network DEA refers to the network structure system effic iency analysis. Traditional DEA method put decision unit as a "black box", do not consider decision unit the system structure, ignore system between neutron process, and the mutual influence the efficiency of system subprocesses efficiency the influence of overall efficiency. However reality various production processes often have network system of complexity. The so-called network system refers to a sub - system containing subsystem (the decision- making system (system). Network DEA model can be used to solve the complex system on the problems existing in the process of evaluating, on
本文的研究对象主要是包含子系统的决策系统。系统构成会有多种不同的方 式，本文选取最为常见的链式系统和并行式系统进行研究。本文的第一章为综述、 第二章介绍链式系统模型、第三章介绍并行式系统模型、第四章为总结与展望。 本文分别对链式系统和并行式系统提出新的效率评价模型。本文以烟草行业为例 进行了实证研究。本文提出的分析模型更加切合企业实际状况。本文的研究对于 实例中企业效率的改善具有一定的现实意义。