english industial revolution

After the World War II
, many private ownership industries were nationalized(使国有化) by government such as the Bank of England, coal, railways, Post Office, gas, steel… Although the government had shares(股票) in various other important companies like British Petroleum(英国石油公 司) , in Britain’s mixed economy, nationalized industries accounted only little . That is to say, the economy is still largely in private hands and the UK still had a great many businesses . In recent years, the take-over(吞并) of small businesses and the merger between two or more companies led to growth of several enormous enterprises.
1765 James Hargreaves - Spinning Jenny 1769 James Watt –single acting steam engine (瓦特对纽可门蒸汽机的改良，1782年瓦特又改良为 “联动式蒸汽机” 随后1785年投入使用) 1769 Richard Arkwright -Water Frame (水力纺纱机) 1814 George Stephenson – Steam locomotive(蒸汽 机车)
Unit 5
By group 4
British economy
Introduction:
Up to the end of 18th century, Britain had been a mercantile(重商业的) power. Britain exported their surplus products abroad to obtain gold and silver from other countries. At this time , some great trading companies continued to develop. Such as the Hudson’s Bay company(加拿大哈得逊公司) and the East India Company of India (东印度公司). The two companies almost monopolised (垄断)all the trade, and became the “local government ”.
William Blake
William Blake,1757-1827 English poet , Romanticism ,He most severely attacked the Industrial Revolution, and most of his poetry exposed the prosperity which based on exploitation of workers. His poetry also showed sympathy for worker’s sufferings. The representative works: Jerusalem
In 1973, the government set up a Monopolies and
Mergers Commission to prevent the emergence of monopoly. Since the World War II ,the pattern of English industry has changed radically. The manufacturing industries were declining and the service industries were growing.
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3.they had plentiful energy resources – coal ,water power … 4.they also had a crop of labor force and a mint of currency from colonial rob (殖民掠夺) The important inventions:
and produce large-scale of products.
Time: 1750-1850 The first place: England in Britain Reasons:1.Britain got a large number of cheap
labor and broadened the market by Land Enclosure(圈地运动). 2.the farmers’ accumulation of much experience and skills set the stage for machine production.
Industry
The Industrial Revolution Location and ownership Redistribution of Industry
The Industrial Revolution
Definition: to replace manpower with machine
The Bank of England
is the central bank of the United Kingdom. The Bank was founded in 1694, nationalized on 1 March 1946, and gained independence in 1997. Standing at the centre of the UK's financial system, the Bank is committed to promoting and maintaining monetary and financial stability as its contribution to a healthy economy.
The Sensation during the industrial revolution:
In the early 1800s a group calling themselves Luddites (after Ned Ludd, one of the first violent protesters) smashed and destroyed new factory machinery in the Midlands and north. Luddites once were the craftsmen who traditionally worked at home and they protested for they thought the factories had robbed them of their livelihood .
Effects: industrialization did bring many
economic advantages and made Britain an exceedingly rich and powerful nation. It increased the population of urban areas and expanded industrial output ; it encouraged technical invention and promoted competition to improve the quality of goods and services offered; it also led to better communication system. On the contrary, working people suffered most behind the achievements of industrialization. They were forced to work long hours for meager wages and to live in squalid, crowded housing, crowded together.
And did those feet in ancient time. Walk upon Englands mountains green: And was the holy Lamb of God, On Englands pleasant pastures seen! And did the Countenance Divine, Shine forth upon our clouded hills? And was Jerusalem builded here, Among these dark Satanic Mills? Bring me my Bow of burning gold; Bring me my Arrows of desire: Bring me my Spear: O clouds unfold! Bring me my Chariot of fire! I will not cease from Mental Fight, Nor shall my Sword sleep in my hand: Till we have built Jerusalem, In Englands green & pleasant Land
•是否那恒古时光的足迹， 曾漫步在英格兰葱绿的群山? 是否上帝圣洁的羔羊， 曾看到了英格兰愉悦的牧草? 是否那神圣的容颜， 曾在我们前方照耀阴暗高地? 是否耶路撒冷的建筑， 曾建造在撒旦的黑暗中? 拿着我燃烧的金弓; 搭着我热望的箭: 带着我的矛枪:噢云雾，消散: : : 驾着我的火战车！ 我绝不止息信仰的争战， 我不会让我的剑在手中沉睡， 直到我建立耶路撒冷， 在英格兰青绿愉悦的土地上。
Location and Ownership
With the development of industrialization , the
ready availability of power , raw material(原材料) , transport facilities and ports influenced the location of industry. Especially the railway system ,it caused rapid expansion in iron-making and engineering sectors and carried goods safely and speedily. In 1930s, the world-wide recession brought unemployment to almost 3million people in Britain. What’s more ,many sectors had been influenced , Consett, (in north-east England) and the cotton textile industry in Lancashire