《学术论文写作手册》 (14)

14b Consider patterns for in-text citations.
An in-text citation corresponds to an entry in the reference list at the end of the paper. The information in an entry for the reference list determines what information appears in the in-text citation. For example， if the reference-list entry for a book begins with the author’s name， the author’s name appears in the in-text citation；however， if an entry for a book begins with the title， the title（or a shortened version of it） appears in the in-text citation. In-text citations must correspond to entries in the reference list.
14c Prepare complete entries for the reference list.
The reference list， the alphabetically arranged sources used in a paper， follows the text. Reference-list entries follow the formats described below. （See page 200-201 for a sample reference page.）
14a Recognize the distinct documentation of APA style.
APA（American Psychological Association） documentation has two areas of emphasis： （1）the authors of source materials and（2） the dates on which sources were published or presented. This pattern is commonly described as the author-date style.
14b Consider patterns for in-text citations.
Basic rms of In-Text Citations
To avoid disrupting the text， in-text citations briefly identify only the name of the author or the title under which the source appears in the reference list and give the appropriate date. For the sake of clarity and smoothness， you may incorporate some of the necessary information in your sentences. For example：
Handbook for College Research(14)
The information in this chapter is based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association，fifth edition （Washington：APA，2001）.While the chapter describes APA style and the sample materials illustrate APA citations，the primary text follows the conventions of MLA.
C h a p t e r14 Using APA Style When Appropriate
14a Recognize the distinct documentation of APA style.
14b Consider patterns for in-text citations. 14c Prepare complete entries for the reference list. 14d Follow the appropriate reference-list entry forms for periodicals. 14e Follow the appropriate reference-list entry forms for books and other separately published materials. 14g Follow the appropriate reference-list entry forms for electronic sources. 14h When appropriate， follow APA guidelines to prepare your manuscript.
14c Prepare complete entries for the reference list.
Information for Reference-List Entries
1. Author（s）. Take the name or names from the first page of an article or from the title page of a book. 2. Publication date. For professional journals and books， include the publication year in parentheses. 3. Title. List titles completely， taking information from the first page of an article or the title page of a book. 4. Additional information. • translator • edition number • volume number • issue number（if the journal is paginated by issue） • inclusive pages 5. Facts of publication.