2024届广东省广州市第三中学高三下学期一模模拟考英语卷(含解析)

2024届广东省广州市第三中学高三下学期一模模拟考英语卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
DISCOVER WEEDON ISLAND’S ANCIENT PAST
If you are interested in archaeology, experience hands-on archaeology at Weedon Island Preserve, one of Florida’s exceptional archaeological sites. AWIARE offers one-week camp focused on archaeology for kids entering Grade 1 and 5. Students will learn about the basic archaeology through hands-on, interactive classroom projects, outdoor activities, and a visit to an archaeological site in the Tampa Bay area.
Day 1-2 Followed by engaging icebreaker activities and team-building exercises, participants will attend the speeches delivered by the world-known archaeologists. Dr. Robert Austin and Dr. John Arthur will respectively give speeches about the site and local history of the Tampa Bay area. The days will conclude with basic training on excavation techniques and tools, setting the groundwork for hands-on involvement in the archaeological exploration ahead.
Day 3-4 Participants will explore local historic sites long-covered by plants and learn how archaeologists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful notes, and hand-held GPS units. This trip will also provide an opportunity to learn more about the environment in which these sites were created.
Day 5-7 Participants will be involved in assisting AWIARE researchers in excavation, recording data, screening sediment, and collecting artifacts, bone, and samples. What’s more, You will also help sorting and processing artifacts from the excavation and other sites in the Tampa Bay area.
Date: August 10-16, 2024
Time: 9: 00 am-5: 00 pm
Expedition cost: $300 per participant, which includes daily lunch at the AWIARE Research Station. Return campers receive a 20% discount.
Registration is now open for the Hands-On Archaeology Camps.
1．Who can be the target audience for the camp?
A．Students in primary school.B．Kids interested in UK history.
C．Tourists interested in Weedon Island.D．Undergraduates majoring in
archaeology.
2．What will participants probably do on August 13, 2024?
A．Help improve the site’s environment.B．Help reconstruct ancient objects.
C．Assist professional excavations.D．Explore vegetation-covered local historic sites.
3．How much is the cost for two kids coming back this year?
A．$240B．$480.C．$600.D．$720.
A raffle ticket(抽彩奖券) to win a new 1959 Chevrolet; credit cards with no magnetic strip; family photos in black and white: All hidden behind a bathroom wall in the Plaza Theatre, untouched for decades.
Until 65 years later, when contractors discovered a hidden space behind a broken wall in the bathroom during renovations. Under a mountain of dust, in what used to be a closet, lay a faded red wallet, frozen in time.
From there, Plaza Theatre owner Chris Escobar said he was determined to return the wallet to the family. “It was a portal(正门) back in time,” he said.
That owner was one Floy Culbreth, according to a license inside the wallet. But Escobar ran into his first problem—women were often referred to by their husband’s name at that time, so searching Culbreth’s name yielded few results.
Escobar recruited his wife Nicole, who he calls an “internet sleuth,” to track down the owner of the wallet. She was able to find Roy Culbreth’s obituary(讣告)—Floy’s husband. Through tracing the Culbreth bloodline, Escobar discovered Thea Chamberlain via the Culbreth Cup, a family-run charity golf event. Now 71, Thea recalled her mother’s active community role, including. Sunday school teaching, garden club involvement, and charitable work for cerebral palsy.
The Culbreth family’s gathering at the Plaza Theatre in November to reclaim the wallet was a touching scene. The moment was especially significant for Chamberlain’s young grandchildren. As they explored the contents, they grasped the importance of this family artifact, realizing they were part of a special legacy.
4．What do we know about the wallet?
A．It was brand new and unused.B．It contained modern credit cards.
C．It was found in the theater’s lobby.D．It had a license belonging to Floy Culbreth.
5．What initial challenge did Chris Escobar encounter?
A．Women had no status in society.
B．Damaged wallet contents were unreadable.
C．Tracing the owner was tough due to naming norms.
D．He couldn’t access the theater due to renovation work.
6．What do the underlined word “sleuth” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Artist.B．Engineer.C．Historian.D．Detective. 7．Why was the wallet particularly meaningful to Thea Chamberlain?
A．It held family historical value.B．It was a valuable item she had lost.
C．It contained photos of her childhood.D．It contained an important family secret.
A blind fish living within a Mexican cave system’s deep, enduring darkness still maintains some ability to sense light. As the cave fish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inca Stein-dal and her colleagues were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. Most animals on Earth have an internal clock for this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels to make our bodies fit in with our planet’s day and night cycles. This rhythm is then used to cycle through different biological processes that can influence our behaviour, such as our hunger cycles.
The Mexican blind cave fish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted to the dark.Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations (震动), allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation (导航) in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. This adaptation occurred despite the fish from each cave evolving from the same species with fully functioning eyes. This ancestral group still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra region of Mexico and some parts of the Southwestern US.
Steindal and her team took tissue samples from the blind cave fish, from three isolated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different conditions. They detected the activation of several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms when the cells were exposed to light, even in the cave fish cells. “Non-visual light detection is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain,although the cave fish cells did not respond as strongly as those cells from surface fish. While there were some similarities between the fish from the different caves compared to their surface relatives, there were also differences that
confirm their biological clock changes each evolved independently of one another via different molecular mechanisms.
“We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her colleagues conclude. The team hopes these can help us learn more about the circadian rhythm and provide an easier way to study animal adaptations to dark environments.
8．As to the cave fish, what did Steindal and her fellows try to find out?
A．If they have a circadian rhythm.B．If they rely on an internal daily cycle.
C．If they need to sleep.D．If they are able to sense light. 9．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．The Mexican cave fish’s ancestors had normal vision.
B．The Mexican cave fish’s home is in the dark deep sea.
C．The Mexican cave fish have adapted to darkness.
D．The Mexican cave fish have trouble navigating.
10．Which of the following can support the conclusion of the study?
A．Cave fish’s unique molecular structures.
B．Non-visual light detection in cave fish cells.
C．The cave fish’s adjustment t0 molecular clock mechanisms.
D．Biological clock changes evolved independently.
11．What is a suitable title for the text?
A．Why Do the Mexican Cave fish Live in the Darken“
B．A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.
C．How Can the Mexican Cave fish Fit in with the Day Cycles?
D．The Biological Clocks of the Life in the Sen Are Constantly Changing.
The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 98.6℉(37℃)was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator if someone is sick or well.
However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.
Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to
run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Parsonnet, MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.
For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets (数据集) from three historical periods. One was military service records, medical records, and pension records from Union Army veterans of the American Civil War that were compiled from 1862 to 1930. The second was from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅰcollected between 1971 and 1975, and the third from adult patients visiting Stanford Health Care from 2007 to 2017.
In all, the team went through 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recorded were accurate rather than the result of poorly designed thermometers (温度计). They did this by looking at the change in temperature inside each group over time to ensure that the curves (曲线) showing a decrease were consistent between the datasets.
At the end of the day, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.59℃ lower than those born in the early 19th century, while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.32℃compared to those born in the 1890s. Together, this means that human body temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade. 12．What is Wunderlich’s achievement?
A．He was the inventor of the thermometer.
B．He set up a standard for normal body temperature.
C．He discovered humans’ body temperature trends.
D．He put forward the theory of normal human body temperature.
13．How did the Stanford team get their findings on body temperature?
A．By having interviews.B．By conducting field research.
C．By analyzing historical records.D．By doing experiments in the lab. 14．What could affect the accuracy of Parsonnet’s study according to the text?
A．The quality of thermometers.B．The backgrounds of the subjects.
C．The sorting of the collected datasets.D．The number of adult patients involved. 15．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A．Modern women’s body temperatures have risen over the past century.
B．The 19th century saw the greatest increase in men’s body temperatures.
C．The 21st century saw the greatest decrease in men’s body temperatures.
D．Men’s body temperatures have fallen faster than women’s over the years.
Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams? We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait? 16 You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.
17 If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. 18 Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. 19 . It’s what you would encourage your friends to do, so why aren’t you giving yourself that same push?
Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything
to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams.
20
Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even though it means entering the unknown.
A．Ask yourself what would be worse.
B．Starting small is completely acceptable.
C．You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.
D．New opportunities may lead to personal growth.
E．If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts.
F．You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential.
G．Hard as it is, it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
二、完形填空
I had not visited Eton for many years. When one day passing from the Fellows’ Library into the Gallery, I caught sight of the 21 of my school friend Digby Dolben hanging just without the door among our most 22 contemporaries. I was 23 arrested and as I stood gazing on it, my 24 asked me if I knew who it was. I was thinking that I must be almost the only person who would know him. Far 25 of my boyhood were crowding 26 upon me: he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth.
This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 27 : outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there. 28 , how came Dolben there? It was 29 he was a poet; and yet his poems were not known. They were carefully 30 by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such of his poems as could have come to the eyes of the authorities who approved of this memorial would not 31 it. There was another 32 — the portrait bears its own certification. Though you might not perhaps understand the poet in it, you can see the soul immersed in deep thought, the habit of stainless (无瑕的) life, of 33 , of enthusiasm for high ideals. Such a being must have 34 remarkably among his fellows. When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memory, loving grief would generously 35 him the glory which he had never worn. 21．A．statue B．character C．portrait D．theme 22．A．valuable B．distinguished C．familiar D．gracious 23．A．wholly B．partly C．curiously D．secretly 24．A．peers B．chairman C．leader D．companion 25．A．judgment B．thought C．memories D．behaviour 26．A．hurriedly B．freshly C．anxiously D．eagerly 27．A．selective B．splendid C．handsome D．challenging 28．A．Yet B．Therefore C．Thus D．However 29．A．because B．why C．that D．what 30．A．observed B．captured C．illustrated D．guarded 31．A．operate B．promote C．justify D．permit 32．A．appreciation B．reason C．cause D．effect
33．A．devotion B．ambition C．imagination D．symbol 34．A．brought about B．stood for C．stood out D．brought in 35．A．interpret B．grant C．appoint D．identify
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Meat, milk, cheese—just some of the things provided by goats. But now we can also add fire safety to this list. Wildfires 36 (make) possible by hot, dry weather conditions as well as a supply of dead vegetation that serves as fuel. We may have limited control over the first factor, 37 we can control the second. Reducing the fuel load lowers the probability of wildfires occurring, as well as the amount of damage 38 (cause). This is where we can turn to goats to provide a 39 (solve). Goats have a very digestive system. Much vegetation that are toxic (有毒的) to other animals can be eaten by goats. It’s not just fully-grown plants 40 goats are able to deal with: any seeds that pass through ago at will not grow. Human clearance teams worry about 41 (send) to hard-to-reach vegetation patches (土地) goats don’t. They are 42 (skill) mountain climbers and when standing on their legs, can reach up to two meters to eat shrubs and grass that humans would struggle 43 (reach). Because of this, using goats can reduce both workplace accidents and the amount of money spent 44 fire protection measures. Goatherd shave been found to clear some patches of land for 45 third of the price of human vegetation control teams.
四、书信写作
46．学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征求学生的建议。

假如你是李华，请给校英语报Colorful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括：
1.绿化布局；
2.设计理由。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Martin,
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.
The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed.
During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (过滤) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya’s path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat.
“Maya! Where did you get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it,” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful
of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, obviously confused.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________
Now Katherine realized what had been going on.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________
参考答案：
1．A 2．D 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了一个考古夏令营活动的情况。

1．细节理解题。

根据第一段“AWIARE offers one-week camp focused on archaeology for kids entering Grade 1 and 5.(AWIARE为一年级和五年级的孩子提供为期一周的考古夏令营)”可知，小学生可以成为夏令营的目标受众。

故选A。

2．细节理解题。

根据第三段“Day 3-4 Participants will explore local historic sites long-covered by plants and learn how archaeologists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful notes, and hand-held GPS units.(第3-4天，参与者将探索长期被植物覆盖的当地历史遗迹，并学习考古学家如何使用直接测量、数码相机、仔细笔记和手持GPS装置来调查遗址)”以及“Date: August 10-16, 2024(日期：2024年8月10到16日)”可知，2024年8月13日参与者可能会探索植被覆盖的当地历史遗迹。

故选D。

3．细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段“Expedition cost: $300 per participant, which includes daily lunch at the AWIARE Research Station. Return campers receive a 20% discount.(考察费用：每位参与
者300美元，其中包括在AWIARE研究站的每日午餐。

返程露营者可享受八折优惠)”可知，两个孩子今年回来要花（300+300）×80%=480美元。

故选B。

4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了广场剧院的老板克里斯·埃斯科瓦尔和他的妻子费尽周折把一个65年前的钱包归还给原主人的家族亲人的故事。

4．细节理解题。

根据第四段“That owner was one Floy Culbreth, according to a license inside the wallet.”（钱包里的执照显示，店主名叫弗洛伊·卡尔布雷斯。

）可知，钱包里有一张属于弗洛伊·卡尔布雷斯的执照。

故选D项。

5．细节理解题。

根据第四段“But Escobar ran into his first problem—women were often referred to by their husband’s name at that time, so searching Culbreth’s name yielded few results.”（但埃
斯科瓦尔遇到了他的第一个问题——在那个时候，女人通常被称为丈夫的名字，所以搜索卡尔布雷斯的名字几乎没有结果。

）可知，克里斯·埃斯科瓦尔最初遇到的挑战是由于命名规范的原因，追踪主人很困难。

故选C项。

6．词义猜测题。

根据第五段划线单词后“to track down the owner of the wallet”（来追踪钱包的主人）可知，他的妻子妮可帮助追踪钱包的主人，推断出她是一名侦探，选项D“侦探”
和sleuth意思一致，符合题意。

故选D项。

7．推理判断题。

根据最后一段“The moment was especially significant for Chamberlain’s young grandchildren. As they explored the contents, they grasped the importance of this family artifact, realizing they were part of a special legacy.”（这一刻对张伯伦年幼的孙辈来说意义非凡。

当他们探索里面的东西时，他们意识到这个家庭文物的重要性，意识到它们是一个特殊遗产的一部分。

）可知，这个钱包对西娅·张伯伦特别有意义的原因是它具有家族历史价值。

故选A项。

8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼在深层洞穴中的生存情况，以及它们对光的感知能力。

研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，并在一定程度上调节其生物钟。

这表明即使在黑暗环境下，生物的生物钟仍然可以通过不同的分子机制进行调节。

8．
细节理解题。

根据第一段中“As the cave fish no longer seem to rely on an internal daily cycle and some sleep very little, biologist Inca Stein-dal and her colleagues were keen to see if their bodies can still regulate cyclically through time. Most animals on Earth have an internal clock for this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels to make our bodies fit in with our planet’s day and night cycles.(由于洞穴鱼似乎不再依赖于体内的日常循环，有些睡眠很少，生物学家印加·斯坦达尔和她的同事们渴望了解它们的身体是否仍然可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节。

地球上的大多数动物都有一个生物钟，昼夜节律利用光线水平使我们的身体适应地球的昼夜循环)”可知，斯坦达尔和她的同事们想要找出洞穴鱼是否可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节，即是否有昼夜节律。

故选A项。

9．
主旨大意题。

根据第二段中“The Mexican blind cave fish live in a complex of over 30 isolated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted to the dark. Their bodies are extra sensitive to vibrations (震动), allowing them to sense changes in water currents for navigation (导航) in compensation for their limited or complete lack of sight. This adaptation occurred despite the fish from each cave evolving from the same species with fully functioning eyes.(墨西哥盲洞
鱼生活在一个由30多个孤立的洞穴组成的复杂环境中，每个洞穴都能独立地适应黑暗。

它们的身体对振动特别敏感，这使它们能够感知水流的变化，以便导航，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力。

尽管来自每个洞穴的鱼都是从具有完全功能的眼睛的同一物种进化而来的，但这种适应还是发生了)”可知，第二段主要介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼身体对振动特别敏感，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力，主要说明了它们已经适应了黑暗。

故选C项。

10．
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中““We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her colleagues conclude.(斯坦达尔和她的同事总结道：“我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期。

”)可知，研究的结论是墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光。

根据倒数第二段中“They detected the activation of several molecular (分子的) clock mechanisms when the cells were exposed to light, even in the cave fish cells. “Non-visual light detection is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain, although the cave fish cells did not respond as strongly as those cells from surface fish.(他们发现，当细胞暴露在光线下时，几个分子时钟机制被激活，即使在盲洞鱼细胞中也是如此。

研究人员解释说，尽管盲洞鱼的细胞不像水面鱼的细胞那样强烈，“非视觉光检测维持在基本的细胞水平上，”)”可知，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测维持在基本的细胞水平上，说明它的时钟机制会被激活，证明盲洞鱼也可以探测到光。

所以，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测能支持该研究的结论。

故选B项。

11．
主旨大意题。

通读全文，结合第一段中““We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her colleagues conclude.(一条生活在墨西哥洞穴系统的深处、持久的黑暗中的盲洞鱼仍然保持着一些感知光线的能力)”和最后一段中“We have provided proof that despite being blind, cells from the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clocks fit in with a light/dark cycle (我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期)”可知，本文介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，所以“A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.(盲洞鱼仍能感知光)”是研究的结论，也是文章最佳标题。

故选B项。

12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了科研人员经过研究发现，自19世纪以来，人类的平均体温在持续下降，人类每十年时间平均体温就会下降0.03℃。

传统意义上的37℃的标准体温已经不适用于所有人。

12．
细节理解题。

根据第一段“The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 98.6℉（37℃）was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator if someone is sick or well. (1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich首先提出了人体标准温度约为华氏98.6度(37℃)的观点。

从那时起，它被广泛接受，成为健康的试金石——医生和家长使用的诊断工具，作为一个人生病或健康的基本指标。

)”可知，Wunderlich确立了现代人类健康体温的标准为37摄氏度。

故选B。

13．
细节理解题。

根据第四段“For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets (数据集) from three historical periods. (在他们的研究中，斯坦福大学的研究小组研究了来自三个历史时期的三个不同的数据集。

)”可知，这个研究小组主要是靠搜集并分析过去三个历史时期的群体体温数据集来进行相关研究的。

故选C。

14．
推理判断题。

根据第五段“In all, the team went through 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recorded were accurate rather than the result of poorly designed thermometers (温度计). (该团队总共进行了677,423次温度测量，以确保记录的温度是准确的，而不是设计不良的温度计的结果。

)”可知，体温监测时所使用的体温计的质量可能会影响到团队的研究结果。

故选A。

15．
细节理解题。

根据最后一段“At the end of the day, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.59℃lower than those born in the early 19th century, while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.32℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. Together, this means that human body temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade.
(最后，研究小组发现，21世纪出生的男性的平均体温比19世纪初出生的男性低0.59℃，而现代女性的平均体温比19世纪90年代出生的女性低0.32℃。

加起来，这意味着人类体温每十年下降0.03℃。

)”可知，研究表明，在过去的一个多世纪中，男子体温降低要比女子的体温降低幅度大。

故选D。

16．B 17．C 18．G 19．F 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。

16．根据后文“You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.(你不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。

你可以一步一
步走向更光明的未来。

现在就开始)”可知，后文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句是在建议从小的地方开始。

故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。

17．根据本段内容“If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.(如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。

你总是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。

不要让未来的自己被现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。

故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。

18．根据后文“Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触手可及的)”可知，后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可知要拜托怀疑的心态。

故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故
选G。

19．根据上文“At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself.(在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。

如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感，来发掘潜力。

故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力”符合语境，故选F。

20．根据上文“Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don't have to sacrifice everything
to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams.(有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。

这可能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切。

试着在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的结果。

故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故选E。

21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述作者回到多年未到访的伊顿学校，偶然经过图书馆进入画廊时，看到了他的校友迪格比·多尔本的肖像挂在门外，和同时代最杰出的人在一起，
这让作者感到困惑。

21．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。

A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. portrait肖像；D. theme主题。

根据下文“hanging”和“This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 7 : outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you
a place there.”可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊墙上。

故选C项。

22．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。

A. valuable有
价值的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracious优雅的。

结合常识和下文“This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 7 : outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there.”可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。

故选B项。

23．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。

A. wholly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiously好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。

根据下文“I stood gazing on it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。

故选A项。

24．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。

A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. companion同伴。

根据下文“asked me if I knew who it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。

故选D项。

25．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。

A. judgment判断；B. thought思想；C. memories回忆，记忆；D.。