王绍光英语-八年级-下册-课堂笔记-Unit 1

Unit 1 What’s the matter?
Section A
1.have a cold 受凉;感冒
2.have a stomachache 胃疼
3.have a sore back 背疼
4.talk too much 说得太多
5.drink enough water 喝足够的水
6.have a sore throat 喉咙痛
7.look well 看上去好
8.it gets windy 起风了
9.put on / take off 穿上 / 脱掉
10.eat too much junk food 吃太多垃圾食品
11.get oneself out of bed 无法起床
12.hurt oneself 伤着自己
13.(not) sleep well 睡(不)好
14.feel very hot 感到很热
15.at first 首先( at last 最后)
16.it hurts a lot 病的不轻
17.look a bit red = look a little red
18.have a fever 发烧
19.take one’s temperature 量体温
20.
21.have a cough 咳嗽
22.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
23.an all-you-can-eat meal 任你吃到饱
24.lie down and rest 躺下来休息
25.have a toothache 牙疼
26.see a dentist 看牙医
27.get an X-ray 拍X 光片
28.make dinner 做饭
29.do …by accident 意外做某事
do …by mistake 错误做某事
30.put some medicine on sth. 在……
31.can’t move my neck不能动脖子
32.sound like 听起来像
33.all weekend 整个周末
34.need to do 需要做…
35.take breaks away from the computer
36.in the same way 以同样的方式
37.do … for too long 做某事太长时间
e from = be from 来自…
39.go along Zhonghua Road 沿着中华路走
40.see …doing 看到…正在…
41.on the side of the road 在马路边
42.shout for help 大声呼救
43.without thinking twice 没有多想
44.get on the bus /get off the bus 上车/下车
45.have a heart problem 有心脏病
快点行动
期望某人做某事
等下一班车
’s surprise 使.......惊讶的
同意做某事 agree with sb 同意某人
把…移动到…上
多亏了；由于 thanks for 感谢
及时 (on time 准时)
造成麻烦
立刻；马上 = at once
离开;从……出
用绷带包扎
摔倒
Section B
在流水下冲
休息几天
低下头
清洁面部
感到恶心
流鼻血
割伤他的膝盖
把她的头向后仰
碰头 get hit by a ball
灼伤
对…感兴趣
失去生命save one’s life挽救生命
在太阳底下跑
呼吸困难
登山运动
习惯做某事
不能动胳膊
准备做…
用完;用尽
用…做…
掌管;管理
在困境中
做出决定
冒险 take a risk to do 冒险做某事
练习做某事
介意做某事
完成某事
放弃做某事
坚持做某事
忍不住做某事
做某事很愉快
单元语法知识点
1. 本单元语法
常见口语表达- 询问怎么了
描述1：have a + 疾病名称 描述2
：have a + 身体部位-ache
描述4：
其他
另外，还可以使用不定代词来描述：
There is something wrong with my head.
=Something is wrong with my head.
=I have something wrong with my head.
常见口语表达：给出建议
【补充】医生的话语：
How long have you been like this? 你像这样多久了？ Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量量体温。

Your temperature is OK.
你体温正常。

Nothing serious. = There is nothing much wrong with you. 没什么大问题。

医生的嘱咐：
Take this medicine three times a day. 吃这个药一天三次。

Drink more water and have a good rest. 多喝水多休息。

Try to relax before you go to bed. 睡前尽力放松。

You’ll be all right./well/OK again soon. 不久你就会好。

You’ll be much better tomorrow. 明天就会好多了。

2．本单元知识点
（1
Don’t __________ your coat on the bed. 不要把你的外衣放在床上。

The small town __________ among the mountains. 小镇位于群山之中。

I’m sorry I _________ to you. 很抱歉我对你撒谎了。

The hens ________ 50 eggs last week. 母鸡们上周下了50个蛋。

（2）hurt 的用法
1.使受伤 An old man was seriously hurt in the traffic accident.在这次交通事故中一位老人受重伤。

2.使疼痛 The shoes hurt my feet. 鞋把我的脚挤疼了。

3.使(感情)受到伤害 He inadvertently hurt her feelings.他无意中伤了她的感情。

4.疼痛 My right leg hurts. 我右脚疼。

（3）get词组集锦
1）get up 起身；站起
2）get back 返回，回去，回家，取回
3）get to 到达
4）get about 四处走动；（消息等）传开
5）get down下来
6）get into trouble陷入困境（养成；对….感兴趣）7）get off从…下来；下车（船、飞机等）
8）get out出去
9）get on上车（船、飞机等）
10）get round传播；传开
11）get in收获
12）get dressed穿衣服
13）get across（使）通过；（使）理解
14）get changed换衣服15）get home回到家
16）get through 通过；完成；接通（电话）17）get close to接近；靠近
18）get down下来
19）get over恢复；克服
20）get rid of去掉；除掉；处理
21）get away from逃跑；离开
22）get in touch with与……取得联系
23）get ready for为……做准备
24）get to sleep睡觉
25）get out of从…出去
26）get along / on well with sb./sth.
与某人相处融洽；某事进展顺利
27）get down to（doing ）sth.开始认真做某事
（4）sound 和 sound like
sound 听起来听上去常用结构： sounds + 形容词 That sounds interesting. It sounds boring.
sound like 听上去像常用结构： sound like + 名词 / 句子 That sounds like a bird.
（5）surprise 和 surprised / surprising
surprise 动词“使（某人）惊奇或吃惊” The bad news didn't surprise them．这个坏消息没使他们吃惊。

名词“惊奇、吃惊”The two men looked at each other in surprise那两个人惊奇地互相看着。

To their surprise，the poor boy didn't die．使他们吃惊的是那个男孩没有死。

surprised和surprising 形容词
surprised 有被动意味，表示“对……感到惊奇”，主语习惯上是人，且其后多接介词at；
surprising有主动意味，指“使人惊奇的”，作表语时主语习惯上是事。

I was surprised at his answer．我对他的回答感到吃惊。

Your success is surprising．你们的成功使人吃惊。

The surprising news makes us unhappy. 这个惊讶的消息让我们不高兴。

（6）by accident 和 by mistake
by accident 偶然地，意外地指客观原因 He hurt his leg by accident . I met her by accident
by mistake 错误地，不小心指主观原因 I took her book by mistake He broke the computer by mistake . （7）see … do 和see …doing（类似词汇：hear ,feel ,watch ,notice）
see sb do sth 表示看到某人做某事了，强调看见谁做过什么事
如：I saw her clean the classroom. 我看到她打扫教室了。

（强调做过这件事）
see sb doing sth 表示看到某人正在做某事，强调看见某人正在做某事
如：I saw her cleaning the classroom. 我看到她正在扫打教室。

（强调正在做某事）
（8）反身代词
①－Who teaches ________English? －No one. I teach ________.
A. you; myself
B. your; myself
C. you; me
D. your; you
②—Will you take part in the English speech competition tomorrow? —Sure. I see it as a chance to prove ______.
A. myself
B. me
C. yourself
D. you
③—How was your visit to the World Park in Beijing? —Wonderful! We enjoyed _________ very much.
A. itself
B. myself
C. yourselves
D. ourselves
④－How did your uncle learn to play the guitar? －By __________.
A. myself
B. yourself
C. herself
D. himself
⑤— I could look after _________ when I was five. — Really? I can’t believe it.
A. myself
B. herself
C. himself
D. yourself
⑥ Teenagers should learn to protect __________ from all kinds of danger.
A. them
B. they
C. their
D. themselves
⑦— Can you cook by_________? — Yes, I can cook well
A. you
B. yours C .yourself D.yourselves
⑧—Help___________to some fruits, children. —Thank you .
A. yourself
B. Your
C. You
D. yourselves
⑨ I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by R. Kelly. This song tells us that believing in ______ is very important.
A. themselves
B. ourselves
C. itself
D. myself
⑩ Nobody teaches me English. I learn it all by______.
A. I
B. my
C. myself
D. me
○11. Although my little brother is only four years old, he can dress ___________.
A.him
B. himself
C. his
D. he
○12. He has a room to ________.
A.him
B. himself
C. his
D. he
○13. The door opened of __________.
They used to smoke, __________ __________? They usedn’t to like opera, __________ __________?
（10）
“被用完；被耗尽；”主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词
表示 “(人) 用完（某物）”，主语只能是人
His strength ran out. 他的力气用完了。

He has run out of red ink. 他的红墨水用完了。

练习： 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。

1. Food ___________________ (吃完了) at the end of their school trip.
2. What if you were to _____________ (花完) money? What would you do?
3. They are _____________ (消耗尽) oil and the plane has to land on the field.
4. If we _____________ (没有用完) sugar, I won’t have to go to the shops.
（11）off 词组集锦
turn off _______________ get off _____________ take off ______________ give off _______________ put off _____________ set off ______________ （12）important / importance 和 different / difference
It is important for sb to do … 做某事对某人来讲是重要的 … be important to …. …对…是重要的 the importance of …. …的重要性
… be different from … …和…是不同的
There be difference between … and … 在…和… 之间有不同点 （13）keep doing 和 keep on doing
1) 均可表示“继续做某事，反复做某事”， 可互换
keep on 更加强调时间的间隔性和动作的反复性，及某人做某事的决心。

He kept on working until midnight though he was tied. The boy kept /kept on asking some silly questions in class.
2) 若表示一连续不段的动作，或某一动作的持续状态，只宜用keep doing . She kept waving to her husband until he was out of sight. They kept standing outside the room during all the meeting. Keep lying here; I will be back soon.
3) 若表示今后或将来继续做某事，则只宜用keep on doing 。

We must keep on working hard in the coming new year.
He kept on smoking though we advised him to stop to smoke.
（14）too much / much too / too many 和 a lot / a lot of
1.作名词短语，表示“很多；多量”
You know a lot /much about English names. 你知道许多有关英语姓名的情况。

2.作副词短语，表示“很；非常；常常”
It usually rains a lot /much at this time of year. 每年这个时候都经常下雨。

（修饰动词rain ） Do you wear your new watch a lot ? 你常戴你的新手表吗？（修饰动词wear ） Thanks a lot /very much ---that ’s very kind. 多谢，十分感激。

（修饰感叹词thanks ，thanks=thank you ） He is feeling a lot /much better . 他感觉好多了。

（修饰比较级better ） Your room is a lot bigger than mine. 你的房间比我的大得多。

（修饰比较级bigger ） 3.a lot 前可被such ，what ，quite ，rather 修饰
I like him quite a lot. 我非常喜欢他。

How much money is left? 还剩下多少钱？Rather a lot. 还有相当多。

（
Though death befalls all men alike. it may be weightier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather.
The dying captain looked at his dead soldiers and said ，“When
we die for the people ，it is a worthy death 。

” 那位奄奄一息的上尉看着他死去的士兵说：“
我们为人民而死，是有价值的死（死得其所）。

”
（16）sick 和 ill
ill 和sick 都有"生病的；有病的"之意。

ill 一般用作表语，不能作定语；
√ He is ill in bed. X He is an ill man. X The ill need good care. sick 既可以作表语又可以作定语。

√ He is sick in bed. √ He is a sick man. √ The sick need good care.
（17）decide 和 decision
1.decide to do 决定去做某事 They decide to fly kite on weekend. 他们决定在周末去放风筝。

2.decide on doing 决定做某事 They decide on flying kites. 他们决定放风筝。

3.decide on sth 就某事决定...... Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。

4. make a decision ，意为“做决定”（decide 的名词形式为decision ）。

He has made a decision. 他已经做一个决定了。

make a decision to do 决定做某事 He made a decision to go with him.
（18）so that 和so … that …
1) This book is so interesting that everyone wants to read it. 这本书很有趣,人人都想看看。

2) He ran so fast that I couldn ’t catch up with him. 他跑得那么快,我没赶上他。

3) The workers did so well that he was pleased with them. 工人们干得很好,他对他们很满意。

4) I was so busy here (that ) I had no time to write a letter. 我在这里很忙,没时间写信。

为了能赶上早班车,他们早早就起床了. 2) Say slowly so that I can understand you.说慢点,好让我听明白.
Key: 1. ran out 2. run out of 3. running out of 4. don’t run out of。