Unit4Stageandscreen现在分词作状语学案高中英语外研版

Unit 4 Stage and screen
Using language（现在分词作状语）
英语句子的基本成分有七种：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语，其中主语和谓语是句子的主要成分。

1. 主语：一句话的主体,可用名词、代词、动名词及名词性从句来充当。

英语句子不可或缺的成分，是全句述说的主题，一般位于句首，但there be 句型和it充当形式主语除外。

★They are students. 主语是___________
★The sun rises in the east.主语是___________
★There is a school.主语是___________
★It is important to study English. 主语是___________
2.谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,一般放在主语之后,常用动词或动词词组充当谓语。

★We study English.谓语是___________
★He likes reading.谓语是___________
★You may go now.谓语是___________
3.宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面,常用名词、数词和代词来充当。

★I like China. 宾语是___________
★I play with him. 宾语是___________
4. 表语：用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态，它一般位于系动词之后（如be, feel, sound, taste, seem, look 等）。

★ They are students. 表语是___________
★ He looks young. 表语是___________
★ You seem happy. 表语是___________
5. 定语：修饰限定名词或代词的词,说明该名词或代词的状态、品质、数量等。

★ His name is Tom.（所有格）定语是_________
★ The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.（介词短语）定语是_________
★ The boy who is sitting under the tree is Tom.（定语从句）定语是_________
6.状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、方式、程度等。

★He runs quickly. 状语是_________
★She learns English very well. 状语是_________
★I will go there tomorrow. 状语是_________
7. 补语：宾语补足语:用于补充说明宾语的性质或状态，一般位于宾语之后，与其构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

★His father named him Xiaoming. 补语是_________
★They painted their boat white. 补语是_________
状语定义：状语是用来修饰_________、_________、_________或_________的一种成分。

说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、方式、程度等
什么可以作状语？
1.He passed the exam successfully. ______________作状语
2. I looked at them in panic. ______________作状语
3. Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years. ________作状语
4. When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. ______________作状语
5. He got up early to catch the first bus. ______________作状语
6. Given more money and time, they finish the research well. ______________作状语
什么是状语从句？
·状语从句：在句子中作___________的从句叫作状语从句；
·状语从句一般分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句等。

时间状语从句：when, while, as soon as, till/ until, since, as, before ,after
地点状语从句：where, wherever
原因状语从句：because, as, since
目的状语从句：so that, in order that
结果状语从句：such ……that ……，so ……that ……
条件状语从句：if, unless, even if
让步状语从句：though, although, even if,
比较状语从句：than, as ……as
现在分词作状语:现在分词是________动词的一种，一般表示________或________的意思。

现在分词用作状语时，其_______主语必须与句子的主语一致，现在分词所表示的动作和句子的主语是_________关系。

现在分词在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、程度和结果状语。

2.Going straight down the street , you’ll see the bookstore on the left. __________状语
3.Having worked all day, I went to bed early. __________状语
4.Knowing all the truth , Amy kept in silence. __________状语
5.It snowed heavily in the north, causing serious traffic jams. __________状语
总结基本句型:__________________________________________________________________
现在分词的时态和语态
Comparison: doing ◉having done
现在分词的一般式(doing)表示：其动作正在进行或是与谓语动词的动作_______发生；eg: Working in the countryside, we learned a lot of from the peasants. （表时间状语）
现在分词的完成式(having done)表示：其动作发生在__________动作之前。

eg: Having worked all day, I went to bed early.（表原因状语）
总结：现在分词做状语，分词的_______主语与_______的主语必须一致。

现在分词做状语，分词与句子的主语是__________关系。

1. 作时间状语(当.....时候)
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit.
一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。

= When he saw the police, he made a run for the exit.
When he walked out of the room, he saw a dog. (将时间状语从句改写成ing做状语)
____________ out of the room, he saw a dog.
2. 作原因状语（因为）
Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
因为生病了，他昨天没有上学。

= Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
As he didn’t know the way, he got lost. (将原因状语从句改写成ing做状语)
__________________, he got lost.
3. 作条件状语（如果）
Turning to the left, you will see a school. = If you turn to the left, you will see a school.
If we study hard, we will get good results.
__________________, we will get good results.(将条件状语从句改写成ing做状语) 4. 作让步状语（虽然，即使）
Granting this to be true, we cannot explain it.
虽然我们承认这是事实，却无法予以说明。

= Although we grant this to be true, we cannot explain it.
Although I know it is difficult, I don’t give up. (将让步状语从句改写成ing做状语)
__________________, I don’t give up.
5. 作结果状语
The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.
(那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。

)
= The child fell and struck his head against the door and cutting it.
他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。

He went abroad and ________ his uncle a big house.（翻译句子）
He went abroad,_________________________.(改写成ing 做状语)
6. 作伴随状语
The little boy went upstairs, trailing his teddy bear behind him.
那个小男孩走上楼去，身后拖着他的玩具熊。

Emma was sitting in an armchair reading a book. 艾玛坐在一张扶手椅上看书。

他躺在草地上，凝望天空。

（翻译句子）
He lay on the grass and ___________ the sky.
He lay on the grass, ___________________.
1.Turning to the left, you will see the Dagang Hotel. __________ 状语
2. He sat in the empty house, feeling very lonely.
__________ 状语
3.The child fell off the tree, hitting his head against the ground.__________ 状语
4.Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him. __________ 状语
5.Arriving at the airport, they found their flight had taken off. __________ 状语
6.Knowing all the truth , Amy kept in silence. __________ 状语
7. Being ill ，he couldn't go to school. __________ 状语
1. Turning to the left, you will see the Dagang Hotel.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. He sat in the empty house, feeling very lonely.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. The child fell off the tree, hitting his head against the ground.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. Arriving at the airport, they found their flight had taken off.
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. Knowing all the truth , Amy kept in silence.
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. Being ill ，he couldn't go to school.
_______________________________________________________________________________。