2024年高考英语核心考点精讲精练(新高考专用)考点2 完形填空之行文逻辑(学生版)

考点2完形填空
完形填空之行文逻辑（核心考点精讲精练）
考点2行文逻辑
行文逻辑
考点1因果关系
考点2同类关系考点3相对关系考点4转折关系
1.两年真题考点分布考点题型
行文逻辑
完形填空
2
023
试卷类型完形填空
考点2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷54.Although 尽管……转折关系2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷55.but 转折关系2023•
新高考全国Ⅱ卷41.but 转折关系2023年1月·浙江卷43.and 并列关系2023年1月·浙江卷49.Finally 顺序关系2023年1月·浙江卷51.and 并列关系2023·全国甲卷46.because 因果关系2023·全国甲卷49．50but so
转折关系2023·全国乙
45.But
转折关系
2.命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】2023年新高考卷对于完形填空中行文逻辑考查了9次。

主要考查：并列关系；转折关系；因果关系；让步关系；条件关系；解释关系；顺序关系等。

【备考策略】系统归类行文逻辑的方法；熟练掌握完形填空技能。

【命题预测】
完形填空是高考英语中的必考题型，完形填空中的行文逻辑也必然会出现在2024年的高考中。

【完形填空行文逻辑考点指南】
规律方法：完形填空技巧之行文逻辑
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。

因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。

做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。

完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。

此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。

答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局，明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。

句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because,for，since，as 等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite,in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless,once，provided that，in case of等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say,in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next,finally等)。

一、因果关系
(节选)I'd always thought，while slicing up carrots，that the end looked like a cap.__25__one day，just to see what she would do，I gently placed one on top of the groundhog's head.
25．A.While B．Or C．So D．For
【答案】C
【解析】因此，有一天，想看看“她”会怎么做，“我”就轻轻地放了一个在那只土拨鼠的头顶上。

前后两句为因果关系。

二、同类关系
(节选)O n the other hand,teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for5the towel in the bathroom,not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.
A.washing
ing
C.dropping
D.replacing
【答案】C
【解析】文中not cleaning up和refusing to do与选项中dropping存在同类关系。

另一方面，青少年认为父母因为仅仅是把浴室里的毛巾掉在地上、不清扫房间和拒绝去超市买东西，这些小事而责怪他们而不耐烦。

该空要根据连词or和其所连接的“not cleaning up”和“refusing”判断。

“乱丢”和“不清扫”、“拒绝买东西”并列，故选C。

三、相对关系
(节选)Although I would sure carry the pain of26_______with me along,Ahmed reminded me of the abundant27_______ in the world.
26.A.loss B.failure C.fear D.regret
27.A.friendship B.devotion C.kindness D.justice
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义及语境运用。

作者虽然还会因为丧夫而悲痛，但心灵得到了慰藉。

A.loss丧失；B.failure失败；C.fear恐惧；D.regret后悔。

故选A。

【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义及语境运用。

修理工的举动让作者感觉到了人间的关爱。

A.friendship友谊；B.devotion奉献、专注；C.kindness关爱、仁爱；D.justice正义、公正。

故选C。

此处26.A.loss与27.C.kindness存在相对关系。

四、转折关系
(节选)He couldn’t read his own handwriting.____he was a bright student.
30.A.so B.or C.for D.but 【答案】D
【解析】“我们”知道，但是不得不试试。

前后是转折的关系，故用but。

故选D。

【归纳总结】
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。

【典例1】(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·节选)
Although the two young women were strangers before the54,they’ve since become friends.Neither won the race, but the55of human kindness won the day.
()54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
()55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange
【典例2】(2023•新高考全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
In April last year,I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws)website from a family in Topeka.They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight41.
()41.A.turn B.budget C.schedule D.connection
【典例3】(2023•新高考全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
George,the husband,was trying to be calm,but I could tell this was48for him,having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
()48.A.hard B.fine mon D.lucky
【典例4】(2023年1月·浙江卷·节选)
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest. Here,in south-east Ethiopia,hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the treetops.Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often____43____.
43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless
【典例5】(2023年1月·浙江卷·节选)____49____,Ziyad got close to the hive which was around20metres above the ground.
49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately
【典例6】(2023年1月·浙江卷·节选)Suddenly,Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds,he’d_____51_____the trunk and was back on the ground.
51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto
【典例7】(2023·全国甲卷·节选)But when we looked at the tomatoes,we were46because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice,round,shiny things you get in a supermarket.And the wine was cloudy,in a funny old bottle with no label(标签)on it.
()46.A.worried B.moved C.thrilled D.bored
【典例8】(2023·全国甲卷·节选)And the wine was cloudy,in a funny old bottle with no label(标签)on it.These can’t be any good,we thought.But we were49his kindness,so we50them.
()49.A.sympathetic to B.thankful for C.cautious about D.interested in
()50.A.tried B.sold C.returned D.mixed
【典例9】(2023·全国乙卷·节选)She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach,where she loved to ride waves on her board.But it was45to take the leap(飞跃),however46it would be.Even at14,Douglas knew that.
()mon B.time C.fun D.tough
()46.A.breathtaking B.heartbreaking C.eye-catching D.head-spinning
1.(2021·全国甲卷·节选)
They had asked him to43.bring some pepperoni(辣香肠)from back east.So he44a suitcase full of pepperoni.
44．A．filled B．locked
C．abandoned D．lost
2.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)
A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the24.damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.25，the number of snakes had declined as well.
25．A．Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
3.【2022·新高考I卷】Another time,we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear when we headed off,but storms move in fast in the mountains,and this one quickly___28___our peaceful morning trip.
28.A.arranged B.interrupted pleted D.recorded
4.【2022·全国甲卷】When I first dated Steve,I learned he had a dog,Molly,and a cat,Flora.While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover,I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many,and my dogs might attack___46___,the cat.
46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly
5.【2021·浙江省高考英语试卷】Everyone was so20and like-minded that it was very21to feel at home. 20．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
21．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
6.【2020·山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷)】A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.25,the number of snakes had declined as well.
25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
I.微型完形填空
1.【2023届浙江省镇海中学高三5月模拟】
My cousin is nine years old,a little bit fat and doesn’t do really well at school.She is heavily____21____,and thus has developed some resistance and____22____towards adults,who usually don’t put high hopes in her. 21．A．abused B．adored C．challenged D．teased
22．A．satisfaction B．dependence C．distrust D．appreciation
It was a dream born in fire.
“Throw the____21____down!”said one of the firemen below.Andrea Peterson was5when she and her mother were
____22____in a burning building,and little Andrea jumped into lifesaving arms and a lifelong____23____:She wanted to fight fires like her____24____did.She told that to the men who had saved her,and they____25____good-naturedly the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut____26____this was back in a time when little girls weren’t even allowed to dream about such grand goals.“You’ll be a good mom,”the firemen told her.“You’ll be a good teacher,or a nurse,____27____you can never be a fireman.”
21．A．patient B．boy C．clerk D．kid
22．A．trapped B．lost C．absorbed D．buried
23．A．career B．course C．ambition D．education
24．A．trainers B．rescuers C．parents D．agents
25．A．yelled B．opposed C．ignored D．laughed
26．A．because B．until C．before D．unless
27．A．or B．so C．but D．and
4.【2023届浙江省91高中联盟年高三5月高考考前模拟】As it often happened,reality____27____her dream.She was sent to a flight school,____28____she met her husband,Dennis,who was later diagnosed with cancer.Peterson spent31 years____29____him.In2007,when Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle,he was at peace_____30_____ worried for Peterson:“But what are you going to do?”
“I’ll be fine,”she told him.
27．A．failed B．achieved C．followed D．realized
28．A．what B．where C．when D．why
29．A．coping with B．relying on C．caring for D．facing to
30．A．therefore B．still C．otherwise D．yet
5.【2023届浙江省精诚联盟三模】As time passed and I grew older and bigger,the donut shop became a special place for us to celebrate my various wins.Even if I didn’t win or place,Dad would____45____take me there.____46____,I grew up and left Dad’s home.On my wedding day,Dad handed me a small gift box.In it was a small chocolate-covered donut.My heart was____47____,melting quicker than the chocolate frosting would have in an oven.
45．A．even B．still C．also D．almost
46．A．Occasionally B．Eventually C．Fundamentally D．Casually
47．A．touched B．broken C．tightened D．frozen
6.【广东省华南师范大学附属中学高三上学期综合测试（一）】Interestingly,27,other characteristics that you might consider advantages had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer.Those who were more self-disciplined,for instance,were no more likely to live to be very old.Also,being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life,which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
27．A．therefore B．however C．furthermore D．otherwise
7.【广东省高州市高三上学期第二次模拟】The full cars rumbled（隆隆响）past,but the22ones,rattled（嘎吱地响）and banged along,making more noise.
22．A．empty B．old C．slow D．dirty
8.【广东省普通高中高三上学期12月联合质量测评】To Williams,the solution was simple:Give kids books.In2017,as part of a civic event called Engage Dan-ville,she donated900used children’s books over three days.Most people would be satisfied with that.“I was like,‘Anybody could do that,’”she said.“I wanted to do something that’s going to stretch my faith,my work ethic,my everything.”So she raised the number considerably by setting a new goal for herself:Give away one million books.It sounds like an unreachable number.29,she got to work,first by roping in friends to give away books or money to buy books.
29．A．Consequently B．Still C．Otherwise D．However
9.【广东省韶关市高三上学期综合测试（一）】My mom and her siblings convinced grandma to start24items to help raise funds for grandpa’s treatment.
24．A．donating B．sending C．listing D．selling
10.【江西省吉安市高三上学期期末】Food and34could only last for ten days so they only ate two meals a day and distributed drinking water as planned.
34．A．wine B．water C．fruits D．vegetables
11.【江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期5月阶段检测】The most important part of the technique was to bring to life the vivid details of each stage,while also focusing on the__29__that came with it.We were trained to step into fear,doubt and learned to go beyond them,so that by the time we got onto the court,we were grounded,confident and ready to play. 29．A．questions B．decisions C．feelings D．lessons
12.【江苏省海安高级中学高三下学期5月阶段检测】What I learnt most from this technique was that winning games was important but how we appear to play was even more vital.And__33__visualization was a powerful way to see through to the goal,there were absolutely no shortcuts in the hard work of getting there.
33．A．unless B．as C．while D．if
13.【江苏省淮安市高三下学期5月模拟】When it came time for my sister and brother and me to attend college,we were never told to limit our sights to a state school or other lower-cost options.___31___,our parents sent us to some of the best and most expensive schools in the country.Neither our father nor our mother ever complained about the high tuition. 31．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Instead D．However
14.【江苏省淮州中学高三年级最后一卷（2）】Slowly it began to emerge and take shape.The end piece was far from a ___34___example of carving skills,but it taught me a most valuable lesson—not to give up and to keep my self-doubt in control.
34．A．bad B．disappointing C．perfect D．puzzling
15.【江苏省如东高级中学、姜堰中学、沭阳高级中学高三下学期4月份阶段性测试联考】This incident reminded me that these are the times to have fun,and make memories,not stress about the unimportant details.Looking back,the ten minutes I spent fearing my speech were really not worth it.____54____my first period of high school may not have gone exactly the way I thought it would,Mrs.Hutfilz’s great sense of style certainly made the day unforgettable in the best way. 54．A．Until B．Since C．While D．If
16.【江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期5月】Every day he trained with the team.He worked harder and ran more than any of the others—perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him.___27___the entire team runs,only the top seven runners have the potential to score points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team,so he didn’t know.
27．A．When B．Despite C．Although D．If
17.【江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期5月】He continued to run four to five miles a day,every day—___30___the day he had a103-degree fever.
30．A．though B．even C．ever D．even though
18.【江苏南通如皋中学高三5月模拟】____27____having fewer customers,Yao is busier than usual since it takes longer to take body temperatures,disinfect the packages and consult with customers about designated(指定的)delivery times and locations.
27．A．Despite B．Beyond C．Plus D．Except
19.【江苏省徐州市第七中学高三下学期4月学情调研】___26___,halfway down the street,she realized that her best friend,Simmons,wasn't with them.Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in the back seat. 26．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Moreover D．However
20.【内蒙古赤峰市高三上学期期末】The COVID-19pandemic(大流行病)put a lot of celebrations on hold.During what seemed like an end to the pandemic,Dawn planned a birthday party21for her son JJ at a park with plenty of space
21．A．outdoors B．upstairs C．indeed D．somewhere
真题感知
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·节选)
Although the two young women were strangers before the54,they’ve since become friends.Neither won the race, but the55of human kindness won the day.
()54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
()55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange
2.(2023•新高考全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
In April last year,I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws)website from a family in Topeka.They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight41.
()41.A.turn B.budget C.schedule D.connection
3.(2023•新高考全国Ⅱ卷·节选)
George,the husband,was trying to be calm,but I could tell this was48for him,having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
()48.A.hard B.fine mon D.lucky
4.(2023年1月·浙江卷·节选)
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest. Here,in south-east Ethiopia,hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the treetops.Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often____43____.
43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless
5.(2023年1月·浙江卷·节选)____49____,Ziyad got close to the hive which was around20metres above the ground. 49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately
6.【2022·新高考I卷】Another time,we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear when we headed off,but storms move in fast in the mountains,and this one quickly___28___our peaceful morning trip.
28.A.arranged B.interrupted pleted D.recorded
7.【2022·全国甲卷】When I first dated Steve,I learned he had a dog,Molly,and a cat,Flora.While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover,I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many,and my dogs might attack___46___,the cat.
46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly
8.【2021·浙江省高考英语试卷】Everyone was so20and like-minded that it was very21to feel at home. 20．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
21．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
9.【2020·浙江卷】My job was to build a stairway out of rock.This meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited(栖息)by mountain lions,although I should say they were only heard,never27.
27．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
10.【2020·山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国Ⅰ卷)】A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.25,the number of snakes had declined as well.
25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
11.【2020·天津卷】Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her money.The lady
would get a call from a stranger every morning who eventually made her believe that he was her friend,and then she lent him about“￡31,000.Jones was21when she said that she didn’t actually mind being cheated.“Otherwise,I would never speak to another person for weeks on end,”she said.
21．A．ashamed B．shocked C．excited D．amused
12.【2020·江苏卷】When Wilson heated it,the container43,leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. 43．A．erupted B．exploded C．emptied D．exposed
13.【2020·江苏卷】He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind.There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)47public speaker.
47．A．accomplished B．crucial C．specific D．innocent
14.【2020·江苏卷】Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions.He lost his sight but found a 54.He proved that it’s not what happens to us that55our lives-it’s what we make of what happens. 54．A．fortune B．recipe C．dream D．vision 55．A．distinguishes B．determines C．claims D．limits
15.【2020·全国新课标II】It was just after sunrise on a June morning.“Nicolo,”whose real name cannot be41to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws,finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin.
41．A．attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted
16.【2019·全国II】He had tried to coax(哄)the dog to him but,frightened,it had___44___.
44.A.calmed down B.stood up C.rolled over D.run off
17.(2019·江苏)Born at an international crane foundation,Emma was raised by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected consequence,though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She refused to live with male cranes,and even had a reputation for killing some of them,which made it impossible for her to become a mother.
___46___,the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species.With their patience and efforts,they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction.
46.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Instead
18.【2019·全国卷III】The3,500residents cannot all enjoy the sunshine at the same time.___57___,the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s sun-starved residents.
57.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly。