2024~2025学年北京市第三十五中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

2024~2025学年北京市第三十五中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
On a foggy Sunday morning, Amrisha Vaish was sleeping soundly at home in Arlington, Virginia. The sound that woke him at 7:15 was so loud that he assumed it came from inside his house. As he got up to _______ carefully, he heard another sound, this one coming most definitely from outside. Looking out of his bedroom window, he noticed a tree _______ in smoke about 500 yards away. A car was wrapped by smoke around the tree’s base, and its engine was on fire.
Seeing that, he immediately grabbed buckets of water and ran to the crash site. Up close, the
_______ looked worse. The car was split nearly in two, and the tree was where the driver’s seat ought to have been, as if _______ there. He thought that no one could have survived this crash, and yet there was 15-year-old Quintin Thompson, still _______ with his terrified face pressed against the driver’s side window, in visible pain. Vaish tried putting out the fire with his buckets of water yet with no success. When the _______ got into the front seats, he realized he had to get the boy out of there as soon as possible.
Instantly, Vaish tried to open the back door, but he failed. He picked up a stone beside the tree and hit the back door. This time, it _______. The back door was opened and Vaish crawled in. Thompson was struggling to get free when Vaish noticed how _______ his legs were. Using a pocketknife, Vaish sawed through Thompson’s seat belt. Now that Thompson was free of restraints (束缚), Vaish pulled him out of a window, and then dragged him to safety before the car was
_______ surrounded by flames. Vaish called an ambulance as Thompson suffered severely. Soon, the doctors arrived and Vaish felt ________.
1.
A．analyse B．view C．examine D．question
2.
A．enveloped B．choked C．marked D．rescued
3.
A．wound B．damage C．engine D．smoke
4.
A．drawn B．guarded C．sent D．planted
5.
A．calm B．curious C．conscious D．confident
6.
A．water B．driver C．passengers D．flames
7.
A．responded B．changed C．worked D．failed
8.
A．dirty B．bad C．unique D．normal
9.
A．slowly B．entirely C．simply D．deadly
10.
A．relieved B．touched C．recognized D．satisfied
The opportunities to visit the School of Art buildings are during the annual Admission Open House in November and the annual Open Studios in April. Please see below for more info.
TOURS: The School of Art does not offer tours of the School facilities or accommodate any walk-in tours.
ADMISSION OPEN HOUSE
The Yale School of Art offers an Open House annually for interested applicants. Visitors have the chance to learn more about our MFA program and graduate study from students.
2019 Yale School of Art Admission Open House will be held Thursday, November 14th. Only pre-registered prospective students may attend and event details will be sent to the email address used to register.
Note that the School of Art will NOT conduct individual interviews or provide portfolio feedback at Open House. Attendees should not bring examples of their work to this event.
Capacity is limited and only prospective applicants should register to attend as we will likely not have room for guests.
Pre-registered attendees will receive confirmation email communications with event details and travel information to New Haven.
Open House will be live-streamed and may be attended virtually on November 14th.
OPEN STUDIOS
During the Spring semester, the Yale School of Art hosts its annual graduate open studios featuring work from the departments of Graphic Design, Painting and Printmaking, Photography, and Sculpture. Studios are open to the public and located acro ss four buildings on Yale’s campus in downtown New Haven.
Following Yale University guidance in response to the spread of COVID-19, the Yale School of Art is suspending all public events and programming through to at least April 5, 2020. 2020 Open Studios, originally scheduled for April 4–5, has been cancelled.
11. Who are most likely to have access to ADMISSION OPEN HOUSE?
A．Those who have a talent for art.
B．Those who have registered in advance.
C．Those who have been admitted to Yale University.
D．Those who intend to go to The Yale School of Art.
12. What can attendees do during ADMISSION OPEN HOUSE?
A．Receive travel information to New Haven.
B．Have a chance to visit the school facilities.
C．Interview students, faculty, and admission staff.
D．Get an insight into the study of graduate students.
13. What can be learned from OPEN STUDIOS?
A．It is hosted in April every year throughout Yale.
B．2020 Open Studios has been put off until April 5.
C．The school displays work from various departments.
D．It is the only chance to visit buildings of the school.
Forget about the“post-1995 generation”. Young people born in 1995 or later have another name in English — Generation Z. They are entering adulthood and will soon shape our future, which is why policy makers, as well as employers and marketers, are trying their best to understand these young people. So, how should we pin down the Gen Z-ers?
Most people will agree that the single biggest difference between Gen-Z and other generations is how connected they are. This is a group of people who were hooked up to social media as soon as they were born. Social media has changed the way Gen Z-ers interact with each other and how they get and process information. They read news from Twitter, watch videos from Vine, share experiences in Instagram and post recipes in Pinterest.
“We are the first true digital natives. I can almost simultaneously create a document, edit it, post a photo on Instagram and talk on the phone, all from the user-friendly iPhone, "said Hannah Payne, an 18-year-old UCLA student.
It is noted that young people in the UK are becoming more active in Politics. Young people regard voting as one option among many to show their political engagement that can potentially influence policies. Instead of party politics, they focus more on single-topic issues such as feminism (女权主义) or climate change. And “much of the engagement and organizing t hey do takes place on social media rather than through traditional political structures,” according to the Guardians.
Gen Z-ers are also culture creators. Growing up with the Internet has freed this generation from traditional cultural expression. They are no longer willing to let their creativity be limited by their parents or traditional rules. “We decide what kind of content we want to experience and choose how we experience it,” wrote Masback, a Huffington Post blogger and a Gen Z-er herself.
14. What does the underlined phrase “pin down” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Cooperate with. B．Firmly convince.
C．Communicate with. D．Clearly understand.
15. What is special about the Gen Z-ers’ engagement in politics?
A．It’s party-based. B．It stresses social response.
C．It’s topic-specific. D．It has an immediate effect.
16. What can be inferred about the Gen Z-ers?
A．They are socially responsible.
B．They are more easy-going and generous.
C．They are addicted to social media.
D．They are rooted in traditional culture.
17. What is the author’s attitude towards Gen Z-ers?
A．Worried. B．Ambiguous. C．Objective. D．Disapproving.
Removing gender bias
Tailors worked out long ago that men and women have different shapes. Yet this message has failed to enter many other areas of design. Car seat belts, for example, which date back to the 1880s, are often still more suitable for men, who tend to sit farther back than women when driving. And today the most forward-looking tech companies on Earth are still placing old-school bias (偏见；成见) into new products. Consider smart phones. Most are too big to fit comfortably into the average woman’s hand, as are many video-game controllers.
An obvious part of the explanation for their design problem is that men control most of its companies—male-run firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC) funding. Male bosses may be unaware of the problems women face. They may not flag up obvious areas of concern, or ask the right questions when doing their research for a new product design. And once an idea gets the green light, it will then be handled by product-design and engineering teams, three-quarters of whose members are men. These teams often use data to make decisions, but mixing all users together means they may fail to spot trends based on sex differences. Dependence on historical data, and the lack of data on underrepresented groups, can also create bias in algorithms (算法).
Next comes testing. Naturally, designers test original models on their intended customers, but they may not get feedback from a broad enough group of people. There is also the risk of confirmation bias—designers may listen to what they want to hear, and ignore negative reactions from some groups of users.
Tech’s design bias needs fixing for moral, safety and business reasons. The ethical importance is obvious: it is wrong that women have to make do with a “one-size-fits-men” world, as Caroline Criado Perez, a writer, puts it. As for safety, regulators can tackle that by banning things that are dangerous to women—including seat belts—because they are no! designed properly.
But there is also a powerful business case for avoiding design bias, because huge opportunities are being missed. Women are 50% of the population, and make 70—80% of the world’s consumer-spending decisions.
Change is coming. The first voice-recognition systems struggled to understand female voices, but most now manage just fine. “Femtech” start-up companies, which focus on women’s health and well-being, may raise MYM 1 billion by the end of this year. VC funds and tech firms are hiring more women. Ensuring that products are designed for everyone would lead to happier and safer customers. For the companies that get it right, that means higher profits. What is holding them back?
18. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．hits the market B．gets approval
C．becomes successful D．comes into being
19. What is discussed in Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Why tech’s design bias needs to be fixed.
B．How gender bias is affecting tech companies.
C．Where gender bias in product design is rooted.
D．Who is to blame for gender bias in tech companies.
20. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．tech companies are unwilling to change
B．design bias may result in missed opportunities
C．male workers benefit more in engineering teams
D．tech companies are poor at making user-friendly products
21. How does the author feel about the future of bias-free product design?
A．Uncertain. B．Sceptical.
C．Positive. D．Negative.
If you look across the entire lifespan, what you see is an average increase in desirable personality traits（特点）.Psychologists call this the “maturity principle” and it’s comforting to know that, assuming your personality follows a typical course, then the older you get, the maturer you will become. Howev er, it’s not such good news for young adolescents, because at this point, something known as the “disruption hypothesis” kicks in.
Consider a study of Dutch teenagers who completed personality tests each year for six or seven years from 2005. The boys showed a temporary dip in conscientiousness—orderliness and self-discilpline in early adolescence, and the girls showed a temporary increase in neuroticism—emotional instability. This seems to back up some of the stereotypes we have of messy teen
bedrooms and mood swings. Thankfully, this decline in personality is short-lived, with the Dutch data showing that the teenagers’ previous positive traits rebound（反弹）in later adolescence. Both parents and their teenage children agree that changes occur, but surprisingly, the perceived change can depend on who is measuring, according to a 2017 study of over 2,700 German teenagers. They rated their own personalities twice, at age 11 and age 14, and their parents also rated their personalities at these times. Some differences emerged: for instance, while the teenagers rated themselves as declining in agreeability, their parents saw this decline as much shaper. Also, the teens saw themselves as increasingly extroverted（外向的）, but their parents saw them as increasingly introverted.
This mismatch can perhaps be explained by the big changes underway in the parent-child relationship brought on by teenagers’ growing desire for autonomy and privacy. The researchers point out that parents and teens might also be using different reference points—parents are measuring their teenagers’ traits against a typical adult, while the teenagers are comparing their own traits against those displayed by their peers.
This is in line with several further studies, which also reveal a pattern of a temporary reduction in advantageous traits in early adolescence. The general picture of the teenage years as a temporary personality “disruption” therefore seems accurate. In fact, we’re only just beginning to understand the complex mix of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to individual patterns of personality change.
Studies also offer some clues for how we might create more nurturing environments for teenagers to aid their personality development. This is an approach worth pushing further given that teenage personality traits are predictive of experiences in later life. For instance, one British study of over 4,000 teenagers showed that those who scores lower in conscientiousness were twice as likely to be unemployed later in life, in comparison with those who scored higher.
People focus so much on teaching teenagers facts and getting them to pass exams, but perhaps they ought to pay at least as much attention to helping nurture their personalities.
22. Which of the following can be an examp le of “disruption hypothesis”?
A．A kindergarten kid cries over a toy.
B．A boy in high school cleans his own room.
C．A teenage girl feels sad for unknown reason.
D．A college graduate feels stressed out by work.
23. According to the study of German teenagers ______.
A．parent give their teens too much automony and privacy
B．teens are more optimistic about their personality changes
C．teens and parents have the same personality rating standard
D．parents and teens can later agree on teens’ personality decline
24. We can infer from the last three paragraphs that ______.
A．teens should pay less attention to their scores in exams
B．developing teens’ personality has a long-term effect in their life
C．people’s success in later life depends on teenage personality traits
D．environmental factors outweigh genetic ones for personality change
25. What is the author’s attitude towards present teenager personality education?
A．Dissatisfied. B．Approving. C．Neutral. D．Cautious.
Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 26 Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 27 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
28 You might represent each let ter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 29 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 30 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
出提示词的空白处用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。

In a sports center 31 (locate) at the heart of the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, a burst of shouts come out from trainees 32 (practice) Chinese martial arts. The trainees, aged from 7 to 65, practice the Chinese martial arts, kung fu and kickboxing at the Dave Dan Wushu and Kickboxing Training Center. “Martial arts are not to harm other people but to teach respect, humanity, sincerity, self-
defense, and search for inner peace,” said master Dawit Terefe 33 works as a coach in the training center.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给出提示词的空白从仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。

Chinas achievements in space have snowballed in the last years. In June 2020, the final Beidou satellite was 34 (successful) launched, 35 (provide) a network of satellites for global navigation akin to (相类似的) the US-owned GPS and Europe’s Galileo networks. The network is set 36 (bring) greater coverage to the surrounding Asia region, which makes up roughly 50 percent of the world’s population, potentially 37 (benefit) billions of people.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给出提示词的空白从仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。

Creativity is 38 ( be) able to see what everybody else has seen and think what nobody else has thought so that you can do what nobody else has done. Sometimes creative thinking 39 ( lie) along the lines of invention, where you break new ground. Other times it moves along the lines of innovation, which helps you to do old things 40 a new way.
用所给的单词或词组的适当形式填空
obsess over chase delay distract associate with
Mark has a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people he 41 online. Although he is shy and reserved, he is wired-up every day. 42 by phones, his mind is a million miles away even when he attends parties or plays sports. He 43 how many followers he has on his account and can’t remember the birthdays of some of his oldest mates. Social networking dominates his life. He keeps 44 things that are important in his real life while spends most of his time 45 after the songs that he does not truly enjoy.
用所给的单词或词组的适当形式填空
devote to be determined about raise intend convince founder
46. She was fascinated by the stories of people who _________ themselves ______ exploring.
47. I find it hard ____________ him of the drug’s harmful effects.
48. As one of the _____________ of modern experimental science, Galileo has made great contributions to human beings and society.
49. If you want to gain success in your life, you really need to ______________ what you do.
50. My mother was ____________ in the countryside when she was young.
51. Mr Smith, what’s your ____________ of writing the book.
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容和题目要求，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。

答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。

Imagine a world where people live in modern homes nearly seven and a half feet above the sea. Rows of “new living pods” with the most advanced technology and drones (无人机) to deliver necessities will hit the market this year.
Ocean Builders, a Panama-based company that specializes in creative sea technology, showed what they describe as the “world’s first homes that are good for the ecosystem (生态系统) ”. One of its three home models that are currently in production — the EcoPod, is designed to be a more affordable choice that features a rain collecting roof, huge windows and a smaller floor plan. It’s also built to be placed in a box to ship wherever a customer wants to set it up. The company’s long-term goal is to make environmentally friendly homes made from as many natural materials as possible. Some pods are under building now on the north coast of Panama in the Linton Bay Marina. SeaPods will be put primarily in warm, wet places.
“We are planting the SeaPod seed here in Panama, but ou r final goal is to have SeaPod homes in every corner of the ocean, all around the world.” Ocean Builders’ CEO Grant Romnudt said in a statement.
Each pod has 833 square feet of living space, a master bedroom, living room, kitchen, bathroom and spare space. “We are trying to keep its price as close as possible to a common U. S. family home for the smallest po d with the choice to add features such as air conditioning and advanced kitchen, etc.” the company’s website says.
Orders for the first samples of customer pods will be placed in September. Boats and local water taxis will be used to send people to their SeaPods. Drones will deliver things such as food and medicine. A separate ship will collect larger deliveries, rubbish and wastes. A “PodWatch Lifegua rd Drone” will keep an eye on the water and send help if the need rises. This can be used either through a wristband with an SOS button that when pushed, surface drone will appear and give you something to catch, or an AI camera watching the area
“These SeaPods aren’t just for looks. They also have the power to build new developing underwater ecosystems. SeaPods add shade, which would eventually attract sea life like fish,” Ocean Builders says.
“Every SeaPod that goes in the water gets us one step closer to recovering a sea ecosystem,” their website says.
52. How will the necessities be delivered to the living pods?(不多于2个单词)
_____________________________________________________________
53. Where will the SeaPods be put primarily?(不多于4个单词)
_____________________________________________________________
54. When will the first samples of customer pods be ordered?(不多于2个单词)
_____________________________________________________________
55. What will be used to send people to their SeaPods?(不多于5个单词)
_____________________________________________________________
56. 假如你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华，你的朋友李雷得知你在你们学校举办的英语写作比赛中获得了一等奖，写了一封电子邮件向你表示祝贺，并向你寻求提升英语写作的方法。

请给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1) 对他表示感谢；
2) 给出你的建议。

Dear Li Lei,
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua。