2022年考研考博-考博英语-河北农业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：51

2022年考研考博-考博英语-河北农业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖
析AB卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to ______ for the stress that you have applied.
问题1选项
mence
promise
pensate
pliment
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项commence“开始；着手”；B选项compromise“妥协；折中”；C选项compensate“补偿；抵消”；D选项compliment“恭维；问候”。

句意：在恢复期，这些系统建立到更高的水平来______你施加的压力。

根据语境，C选项compensate“抵消”搭配stress“压力”比较合理，意思指系统因为水平提升，从而可以抵消压力。

因此C选项正确。

2.
单选题
For good or ill, globalization has become the economic buzz-word of the 1990s. National economies are undoubtedly becoming steadily more integrated as cross-border flows of trade, investment and financial capital increase. Consumers are buying more foreign goods, a growing number of firms now operate across national borders, and savers are investing more than ever before in far-flung places.
Whether all of this is for good or ill is a topic of heated debate. One positive view is that globalization is an unmixed blessing, with the potential to boost productivity and living standards everywhere. This is because a globally integrated economy can lead to a better division of labor between countries, allowing low-wage countries to specialize in labor-intensive tasks while high-wage countries use workers in more productive ways. It will allow firms to exploit bigger economies of scale. And with globalization, capital can be shifted to whatever country offers the most productive investment opportunities, not trapped at home financing projects with poor returns.
Critics of globalization take a gloomier view. They predict that increased competition from low-wage developing countries will destroy jobs and push down wages in today’s rich economies. There will be a race to the bottom as countries reduce wages, taxes, welfare benefits and environmental controls to make themselves more competitive. Pressure to compete will erode the ability of governments to set their own economic policies. The critics also worry about the increased power of financial markets to cause economic havoc, as in the European currency crises of 1992 and 1993, Mexico in 1994-1995 and South-East Asia in 1997.
1. National economies are becoming more integrated as a result of ________.
2. Globalization has the potential to boost productivity and living standards everywhere because ________.
3. According to the positive view, globalization can________.
4. As a result of globalization, all of the following might happen EXCEPT________.
5. The author of the passage holds a/an ________ attitude toward globalization.
问题1选项
A.more and more consumers going abroad to buy goods
B.increasing flows of cross-boarder trade, investment and financial capital
C.many companies establishing new businesses
D.savers investing more in developed areas than in developing countries
问题2选项
A.it allows firms to establish more branches in low-wage countries
B.it encourages rich countries to provide more economic support to poor countries
C.it enables low-wage countries to have more cross-border trade and investment
D.it makes labors work in countries where they are most needed and best used
问题3选项
A.allow low-wage countries to use workers in more productive ways
B.help low-wage countries get rid of labor-intensive economy
C.cause capital to shift to countries where there is greatest fund shortage
D.enable firms to exploit bigger economies of scale
问题4选项
A.unemployment rate in rich economies might increase
B.environmental problems in some countries might worsen
petitiveness of low-wage countries might weaken
D.economic havoc might occur in some parts of the world
问题5选项
A.objective
B.pessimistic
C.optimistic
D.worried
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:D
第3题:D
第4题:C
第5题:A
【解析】1.事实细节题。

根据第一段第二句National economies are undoubtedly becoming steadily more integrated as cross-border flows of trade, investment and financial capital increase.（随着贸易、投资和金融资本的跨境流动增加，各国经济无疑正逐渐变得更加一体化。

），可知各国经济一体化的原因是B选项“跨境贸易、投资和金融资本流动增加”，A选项“越来越多的消费者到国外购买商品”，C选项“许多公司正在建立新的业务”和D选项“发达地区的储蓄者比发展中国家的储蓄者投资更多”不符合题意。

因此B选项正确。

2.推理判断题。

根据第二段第三句This is because a globally integrated economy can lead to a better division of labor between countries, allowing low-wage countries to specialize in labor-intensive tasks while high-wage countries use workers in more productive ways.（这是因为全球一体化的经济可以导致国家之间更好地分工，使低工资国家能够专门从事劳动密集型工作，而高工资国家以更富有成效的方式使用工人。

），可知这是因为全球一体化让分工更明确，从而使效率更高，D 选项“它使劳动力在最需要和最有效利用的国家工作”正确。

A选项“它允许公司在低工资国家建立更多的分支机构”，B选项“它鼓励富裕国家向贫穷国家提供更多的经济支持”和C选项“它使低工资国家有更多的跨境贸易和投资”不符合题意。

因此D选项正确。

3.事实细节题。

根据第二段倒数第二句It will allow firms to exploit bigger economies of scale.（它将允许企业利用更大的规模经济。

），可知在积极派看来，D选项“使公司能够开发更大的规模经济”符合题意。

A选项“允许低工资国家以更有效的方式使用工人”，B选项“帮助低工资国家摆脱劳动密集型经济”和C选项“导致资本转移到资金短缺最严重的国家”文章没有提到，故错误。

因此D选项正确。

4.推理判断题。

根据第三段第二句They predict that increased competition from low-wage developing countries will destroy jobs and push down w ages in today’s rich economies.（他们预测，低工资的发展中国家竞争加剧，将破坏就业机会，压低今天富裕经济体的工资水平。

），可知全球化可能导致低工资国家的竞争力加强，富裕经济体的失业率上升，A选项“富裕经济体的失业率可能会上升”符合文章内容，C选项“低工资国家的竞争力可能会减弱”错误。

B选项“一些国家的环境问题可能会恶化”：根据第三段第三句countries reduce wages, taxes, welfare benefits and environmental controls to make themselves more competitive（各国为了提高竞争力而削减工资、税收、福利和环境控制），可知全球化可能加剧环境问题，符合文章内容。

D选项“有的地方可能会出现经济混乱方”：根据文章最后一句The critics also worry about the increased power of financial markets to cause economic havoc（批评者还担心金融市场力量的增强会造成经济混乱），可知全球化可能造成经济混乱，符合文章内容。

因此C选项正确。

5.观点态度题。

作者讲了乐观者和悲观者对全球经济一体化的观点，并没有表达自己对此的看法，A选项“客观的”正确。

B选项“悲观的”，C选项“乐观的”和D选项“担心的”不符合题意。

因此A选项正确。

3.
单选题
I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time ______ the last bus.
问题1选项
A.to have caught
B.to catch
C.catching
D.having caught
【答案】B
【解析】考查目的状语。

在整个句子中，过去时态体现在谓语动词上，根据语境，没有时间赶上最后一班公交车，表明横线部分为目的状语，不需要体现时态，所以A选项to have caught和D选项having caught 不符合题意，同时sb. have time后面的目的状语用to do，所以B选项to catch符合题意。

C选项catching表示伴随状态，不符合题意。

因此B选项正确。

4.
单选题
______ a bomb on the road, the car was stopped.
问题1选项
A.Having seen
B.The driver seeing
C.Seeing
D.After seeing
【答案】B
【解析】考查独立主格结构。

句意：司机看到炸弹之后，把车停了下来。

根据句子主语是car，结合独立主格部分有动词see，确定前面一部分有driver，根据司机看是主动，确定用主动形式，所以B选项The driver seeing符合题意。

因此B选项正确。

5.
单选题
We must improve the farming method ______ we may get high yields.
问题1选项
A.therefore
B.as.
C.in order that
D.if
【答案】C
【解析】考查词义辨析。

A选项therefore“所以”，副词，修饰动词，后面不接句子；B选项as“因为”，连词，后面加句子；C选项in order that“为了；以便”，后面加从句；D选项if“如果”，连词，后面加句子。

句意：______获得高产量，我们必须改进耕作方法。

根据语境，这里提高产量是目的，C选项in order that“为了；以便”符合题意。

因此C选项正确。

6.
单选题
We can hardly avoid making any mistakes in our work____ hard we try.
问题1选项
A.whatever
B.how
C.no matter
D.however
【答案】D
【解析】考查状语从句。

此句为让步状语从句，根据后面的副词hard可以判断，答案只能从B和D选择，D项however=no matter how，根据句意：无论我们多么努力，在工作中都会不可避免地犯错误，因此D 更合适。

7.
单选题
All factories and mines are ______ by government officials.
问题1选项
A.examined
B.surveyed
C.inspected
D.investigated
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项examined“（仔细）检查；考察”；B选项surveyed“勘测；民意调查；房屋鉴定”；C选项inspected“视察；查看”；D选项investigated“侦察”。

句意：所有的工厂和矿山都由政府官员______。

根据语境，government officials“政府官员”搭配inspected“视察”比较合理。

因此C选项正确。

8.
单选题
____you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions.
问题1选项
A.If realized
B.Had I realized
C.Did I have realized that
D.As I realized
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。

虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should或had时，可省略if采用倒装句型，将should(would或could)提前。

因此正确答案为B。

9.
翻译题
一天中我最喜欢的是最后那段时刻——至少是醒着的最后那段时刻。

我再三努力不让眨动的眼皮合上，不让书本掉落在胸前，这时候我知道真的该入睡了。

我深情地把书放在身边的床上。

我们一起入睡——我和我的书，我和书中的人物，我和交杂的梦境，都一起入睡。

躺在床上看书似乎成了家传。

上一次母亲帮我照看孩子时，我回到家里发现整幢房子一片漆黑，只有两处微弱的灯光。

一处在我儿子的房间，我看到八岁的儿子拿着一本书，打着电筒躲在被窝里看书。

房子的那头，母亲拿着书已经打起盹来。

【答案】One of my favorite moments of the day is among the last—the last conscious one, anyway. After several attempts at keeping my eyelids from fluttering closed and the book from collapsing on to my chest, I know it really is time to go to sleep. I affectionately place the book on the bed beside me. We sleep together, me and my book, me and those characters, me and my mixed-up dreams. Reading in bed seems to run in families. The last time my mother babysat for me, got home to find the house dark except for two small lights. One came from my son’s room, where I discovered the eight-year-old holed up under the covers with Goosebumps and a flashlight. At the other end of the house, my mother had already dozed off with her book.
10.
单选题
Nobody is able to explain the ______ of this commonly-used expression.
问题1选项
A.beginning
B.starting-point
C.foundation
D.origin
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项beginning“（事情或过程的）的开始”；B选项starting-point“（讨论或过程的）起点；（旅行的)出发点”；C选项foundation“基础”；D选项origin“起源”。

句意：没
有人能解释这个常用表达的________。

根据语境，这里指没有人能解释这个常用表达是哪里来的，所以origin“起源”符合题意。

因此D选项正确。

11.
单选题
This is the house ______ last year when I was in this city.
问题1选项
A.about that I wrote to you
B.that I wrote to you
C.about which I wrote to you
D.which I wrote to you
【答案】C
【解析】考查后置定语从句。

句子主干是this is the house，横线和last year部分是修饰house的定语从句，根据短语write about sth.得出about放在先行词前，定语从句中，介词后面用which不用that，所以C选项about which I wrote to you符合题意。

句意：这就是我去年在这个城市时写信告诉你的那所房子。

因此C选项正确。

12.
翻译题
航天是当今世界最具挑战性和广泛带动性的高科技领域之一，航天活动深刻改变了人类对宇宙的认知，为人类社会进步提供了重要动力。

当前，越来越多的国家，包括广大发展中国家将发展航天作为重要战略选择，世界航天活动呈现蓬勃发展的景象。

【答案】Space activities make up one of the most challenging high-tech fields which exert enormous impact on other fields. Space activities have greatly improved man’s knowledge of space, and provide an important driving force for social progress. At present, more and more countries, including the vast number of developing ones, regard space development as an important strategic choice. Thus, space activities around the world are flourishing.
13.
单选题
Mother warned ______ the electric lamp.
问题1选项
A.not to touch
B.him not to touch
C.him not touching
D.him not touch
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词用法。

句意：妈妈告诫他不要碰电灯。

告诫某人不要做某事用warn sb. not to do sth.，所以B选项him not to touch符合题意，故正确。

其余选项语法错误。

因此B选项正确。

14.
单选题
Those naughty boys were caught ____flowers in the garden again.
问题1选项
A.to steal
B.stealing
C.having stolen
D.to have stolen
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在分词的用法。

现在分词放在另一动作之后，表示主语在进行谓语动向所表示的动作的同时正在进行另一个动作，此时现在分词对谓语动词起修饰或陪衬的作用。

句意：那些淘气的男孩又在花园里偷花被抓了，因此根据句意B项为正确答案。

catch的常见用法catch sb doing sth“发现某人正在做某事”，转换为被动用法则是sb be caught doing sth，因此A和D项均错误；C项使用的是现在分词的完成式，与句意不符，故排除。

15.
单选题
She spent a happy afternoon ______ her coins and stamps.
问题1选项
A.making out
B.sorting out
C.figuring out
D.turning out
【答案】B
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项making out“理解；证明；填写完”；B选项sorting out“整理；挑选”；C选项figuring out“解决；算出”；D选项turning out“原来是”。

句意：她______她的硬币和邮票，度过了一个快乐的下午。

根据语境，sorting out“整理；挑选”搭配coins and stamps“硬币和邮票”比较合适。

因此B选项正确。