让步状语从句though--although
让步状语从句用法归纳
SDN让步状语从句让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种,其本身也是状语从句。
一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”,就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”的感觉。
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though,although,while,as; even if,even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever,regardless of+名词/名词短语/名词从句,despite,in spite of。
切记although,though 不可与but连用,但可以与still和yet连用。
⑴though,although表示“虽然,纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。
在口语中,though较常使用,although比though 正式,二者都可与yet,still或never,the less连用,但不能与but连用。
例如:My will remains firm though I must lower my physical sights.尽管我得降低体育(锻炼)的目标,但我的意志是坚强的。
Though I believe it,yet I must consider.尽管我相信这一点,但我还得考虑考虑。
Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working.虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。
Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了,身体还很健壮。
值得注意的是,although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多,though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。
例如:She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习,考试却及格了。
让步状语从句的用法
让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种,其本身也是状语从句。
一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”,就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”。
使用的连词引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though, although, while, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter 疑问词,疑问词-ever,regardless of 名词/名词短语/名词从句,despite,in spite of。
切记although,though 不可与but连用,但可以与still和yet连用。
用法⑴though, although表示“虽然,纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。
在口语中,though 较常使用,although比though正式,二者都可与yet, still或never,the less连用,但不能与but连用。
例如:My will is strong though I must lower my physical sights.尽管我得降低体育(锻炼)的目标,但我的意志是坚强的。
Though I believe it, yet I must consider.尽管我相信这一点,但我还得考虑考虑。
Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working.虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。
Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了,身体还很健壮。
值得注意的是,although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多,though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。
例如:She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习,考试却及格了。
though,although用法详解
though,although引导让步状语从句时,后面的主句不能有but,however,但是可与yet,still 连用。
1. although和though同义,在一般情况下,可以互换使用。
只是though较普遍,常用于非正式的口语或书面语中,而although则较为正式。
另外although语气比though重,常用以强调让步概念。
e.g. Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one.同义句:My car is very old, but I don't want to buy a new one.虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的。
2. even能和though组合表示强调,但even不能和although组合。
因此,不能说even although,在这里even though=even if(no matter if; though即使……也……)e.g. Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.即使我们付得起这笔钱,也不出国度假。
3. 当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时,通常用though,而不用although。
e.g. Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我,我还是坚持我的立场。
4. though可以独立用作副词,常放在句末,意为all the same (还是;仍然)或however(可是;然而),而although无此用法。
e.g. She didn't tell me what she had done, but I know it though.她没有告诉我她所做的事情,但我还是知道了。
让步状语从句和时间状语从句和转折状语从句
让步状语从句和时间状语从句和转折状语从句让步状语从句、时间状语从句和转折状语从句状语从句是复合句中的一种从属句,用来修饰句子的谓语动词、形容词或副词,来表达某种时间、条件、原因、方式等的关系。
在英语中,状语从句分为多种类型,其中包括让步状语从句、时间状语从句和转折状语从句。
本文将对这三种状语从句进行详细解析。
一、让步状语从句让步状语从句表示与主句谓语动词存在矛盾或对立关系,常常使用连词although、though、even though等引导。
让步状语从句通常放在主句之前,两者之间用逗号分隔。
例如:- Although it was raining heavily, we still decided to go for a walk.- Though he is rich, he lives a simple life.让步状语从句在句子中起到转折或对比的作用,表达一种让步或妥协的态度。
有时候,让步状语从句也可以通过省略主句的方式来减少冗余,使句子更加简洁。
例如:- Although young, he is very talented.(省略主句:He is very talented.)二、时间状语从句时间状语从句用来表示句子中的动作、事件或情况发生的时间,常常使用连词when、while、after、before等引导。
时间状语从句通常放在主句之前或之后,两者之间用逗号或分号分隔。
例如:- When I was a child, I used to play football with my friends.- After she finished her homework, she went to bed.时间状语从句可以表达在主句动作进行期间、之前或之后发生的事件,起到补充或限定主句内容的作用。
根据时间状语从句的引导词和句意,我们可以确定从句所表示的时间关系。
三、转折状语从句转折状语从句用来表示与主句内容相对立或对比的情况,常常使用连词but、yet、however、although等引导。
让步状语从句
一、定义在复合句中,给主句让步,一般翻译为“尽管”“即使”等退一步讲的意思的从句是让步状语从句。
二、结构主从复合句三、常见引导词although,though,even if,even though,as,while,whether,no matterwhat,whatever,no matter who,whoever no matter which, no matter when,however,whenever,in spite of the fact that…四、用法1.though/although引导的让步状语从句although比though语气重,多用于句首,一般情况下可以互换使用。
Though he is young,he can speak French.他虽然年幼,但是他会讲法语。
Although she is a woman,she can do much tired work.虽然她是个女人,但是她会做很累的活。
注意:although,though不可以与but连用,但可以和yet ,still ,nevertheless连用。
though=even though=even if连词:although,though即使介词:despite,in spite of即使We took many pictures although/though the sky was cloudy.=We took many pictures despite/ in spite of the cloudy sky.2.even if和even though引导的让步状语从句Even if/though I am a woman,I will work like a man.即使我是个女人,我也会像男人一样去工作。
3.as和though引导的倒装式让步状语从句as必须用倒装结构,though可用也可不用倒装结构。
六种常见的让步状语从句例析
六种常见的让步状语从句例析英语中的让步状语从句多种多样。
本文将对其作一归纳和分析。
1.由although 或though 引导的让步状语从句。
这两个词都不能同时与but连用,但可以与yet 连用。
Though 引导让步状语从句时,可将从句中的表语提到though的前面。
例如:Although he is young, he knows a great deal. 尽管他很年轻,但他懂得很多。
Smart though he is, he doesn’t study hard.尽管他很聪明,但他学习不下功夫。
2.由as 引导的让步状语从句。
这种让步状语从句通常以以下几种形式出现:1)名词/形容词/过去分词+as+主语+/be/其它动词。
前置的表语为名词时,其前往往不带冠词。
例如:Impressive as the record is, it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against diseases.尽管这项记录给人的印象深刻,但不如阿姆斯特朗同疾病作斗争的故事令人瞩目。
Well paid as he was, he often ended up in financial trouble.尽管他工资很高,但经常入不敷出。
Teenager as he is, he knows a great deal. 尽管他是个十几岁的孩子,他知道的东西却很多。
Hero as he is, he has shortcomings. 尽管他是个英雄人物,但他也有缺点。
2)副词+as+主语+谓语+其他成分。
例如:Much as I like this book, I will let you read it first.尽管我非常喜欢这本书,但我还是想让你先读一读。
注:若从句中没有副词,可以将谓语部分中的主动词提到as前面,再在主语后面加may/might/can/could/will/would等情态动词或助动词do/did/does等。
though, although, as引导让步状语从句的区别
though,although,as引导让步状语从句的区别1.although conj.多用于句首,用法较正式、可与though换用。
“虽然,尽管”Lessons can be learned to face the future,although history can’t be changed. Although I still make lots of mistakes,it doesn’t bother me like it used to.2.though conj.较常用,可与although常可直接换用。
Although/Though he believes it,yet he will not act.conj.可倒装也可不倒装。
Child though/as he is,he knows a lot.Although/Though he is a child,he knows a lot.conj.表示“假设”或用于虚拟结构,可构成even though“即使”;although不与even 连用、只用来陈述“事实”。
even though/if即使不能说even althoughas though/if好像不能说as althoughIt is not as though he were poor.看来他不像贫穷的样子。
Einstein cared little for money,though he could have been very rich.adv.放在句子末尾,前面用逗号隔开,相当于however.Although无此用法。
It was hard work;I enjoyed it,though.-- Have you been to Australia? -- No.I’d like to,though.They said they would come;they did not,though.It sounds strange.It is true,t_______.He said he would come.He didn’t,_______.A.althoughB.thoughC.thereforeD.thus3.as引导让步状语从句,必倒装。
让步状语从句通俗易懂理解
让步状语从句通俗易懂理解让步状语从句是英语语法中常见的一种从句类型。
它用来表示与主句相对立或矛盾的情况,但又不影响主句的真实性。
理解和使用让步状语从句可以帮助我们更好地表达自己的意思,下面就让我们来通俗易懂地了解一下吧!让步状语从句的引导词有许多,比如although,though,even though,while,whereas等等。
通过使用这些引导词,我们可以在主句中表达出与之相对立的观点或情况。
让步状语从句的结构比较简单。
通常由一个引导词引导,然后是一个完整的句子。
例如:"Although it was raining,we still decided to go out for a walk."(尽管下着雨,我们还是决定出去散步。
)这个例子中,尽管下雨与我们决定出去散步相对立,但并不影响我们的决定。
让步状语从句有时也可以放在主句之前,这时需要用逗号隔开。
比如:"We still decided to go out for a walk,although it wasraining."(虽然下着雨,我们还是决定出去散步。
)这个例子中,主句与让步状语从句的顺序发生了变化,但意思并没有改变。
让步状语从句的使用可以使我们的语言更加丰富多样。
它可以帮助我们表达自己的意愿、观点或决定,同时也能够展示出我们对事物的全面思考。
通过使用让步状语从句,我们可以在表达自己的观点时更加灵活,同时也能够更加准确地传达我们的意思。
然而,我们在使用让步状语从句时需要注意一些细节。
首先,我们需要确保让步状语从句与主句之间的逻辑关系清晰明确,以免造成混淆。
其次,我们需要注意让步状语从句的位置和标点符号的运用,以确保句子结构的完整和语义的准确。
总之,让步状语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句子结构。
通过理解和灵活运用让步状语从句,我们可以更好地表达自己的意思,使我们的语言更加生动有趣,同时也能够更加准确地传达我们的观点和决定。
让步状语从句的讲解与用法
让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种,其本身也是状语从句。
一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”,就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”的感觉。
使用的连词引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though, although,while, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever,regardless of+名词/名词短语/名词从句,despite,in spite of。
切记although不可与but连用用法(1)though, although表示“虽然,纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。
在口语中,though较常使用,although比though正式,二者都可与yet, still或never,the less连用,但不能与but连用。
例如:Although/Though he was exhausted, (still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。
(2)as, though表示“虽然……但是”,“纵使……”之意。
as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形,though也可用于这样的结构中,但although不可以这样用。
例如:Object as you may, I’ll go.(=Though/Although you may object, I’ll go.) 纵使你反对,我也要去。
(3)even if, even though 表示“即使……”,“纵使……”之意,含有一种假设。
这两个复合连词的意思基本相同。
它们常互换使用,但意义有细微差别。
even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性,可用来表示与事实相反的假设,但不能用来描述已经发生的事实。
而even though引导让步状语从句时,是以从句的内容为先决条件的,即说话人肯定了从句的事实,表示已经发生了的事。
although与though的区别
一although和though都是从属连词,引导让步状语从句,意为:虽然、尽管。
在一句话中,用了although/though,不能再用but,但可用yet。
例如:Although he is young, he is wise.他虽年轻,但很聪明。
Though it was snowing, I went out.尽管在下雪,我还是出去了。
although和though的区别是:1) "Although"常置于句首,语气比though强,且正规,多用于书面语中。
2)though还可用作副词(=however),置于句尾,而although则不可。
如:She promised to come, yet hasn't turned up until now, though.她虽然答应来,但到现在还没来3)though可用于部分倒装句式中,而although则不可。
如:Strange though it may seem, she still accepted the flower. =Although it seems strange, she still accept the flower尽管这可能看起来有点奇怪,她还是接受了花。
能引导让步从句的同义词组有:even if和even though意为:即使,即令……也……;even if的从句中含有强烈的假定性,even though则多以从句之内容为前提。
Even if I have to sell my house, I'll keep my business.即使我卖掉房子,我还是要继续我的事业。
Even if he is poor, she loves him.(=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)即使他很穷,她还是爱他。
Even though he is poor, she loves him. (=He is poor, yet she loves him.)尽管他穷,她还是爱他。
Unit 5 Action!——although 与 though 引导的让步状语从句
• ④有时可用副词yet, still, nevertheless (但不 能用连词but) 来配合连接词though或 although,以加强语气,如:
• ugh he is over seventy, yet / still / nevertheless he can ride the bike.
The Forbidden City is still very beautiful, _a_l_th_o_u_g__h__ it is almost 600 years old.
Work out the rule. We can use "although" at the _b_e_g__in_n_i_n_g_ or in the _m__id__d_le__ of a sentence to introduce the clause.
5. B. but his works are not widely read. C. however his works are not widely read.
• 5. _______this is only a small town, it's crowded with tourists who come here all year round.
• ⑤though和although后面的主语和谓语动词 be 可以省略,如果这个主语和主句中的主语 指同一个人或物时,如:
• Though (it was) cold, it was a fine winter morning.
• Though (he was) wounded, yet he refused to leave the battle field.
初三年级英语状语从句知识点:让步状语从句
初三年级英语状语从句知识点:让步状语从句初三年级英语状语从句知识点:为了方便同学们复习,提高同学们的复习效率,对这一年的学习有一个更好的巩固,具体内容请看下文。
让步状语从句 连词有:although/ though, even if/ even though, however, whatever, wh-ever. (1) although/though引导的让步状语从句 although和though,都作虽然;尽管解,通常可以换用,although的语气较重。
如果要强调但是语气,可使用yet,still或nevertheless来表示但是、依然或然而之意,但是不能与but连用。
Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him.= ______. 虽然和她谈了半天,他还是不能让她信任自己。
The text is few new words, but the students can’t understand.= ________. 这课文几乎没有新单词,但是学生们不能理解。
(2) even if引导的让步状语从句 even if 即使,纵然,从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。
如: Even if it rains tomorrow,___________. 即使明天下雨,我们也不改变计划。
Even if I failed again, I will not _____________ the experiment. 即使我再次失败,我也不会放弃实验。
(3) even though引导的让步状语从句 even though虽然,尽管,从句所表示的是已经发生的动作或存在的情况,通常可以和although/though换用。
如:。
让步状语从句though和although
让步状语从句though和although
"though"和"although"都是让步状语从句中常用的词,表示在已知条件下,发生与之相反或不符合预期的情况。
"Though" 和 "although" 的意思相同,都可以翻译为“虽然”,"尽管"。
它们可以用来介绍一个与主句中所提到的情况相对立的情况或观点。
例如:
- 尽管他很累,他还是坚持完成了任务。
Though/although he was tired, he persevered and completed the task.
- 尽管下雨了,但我们还是去了公园。
Though/although it was raining, we still went to the park.
总之, "though" 和 "although" 是表达让步的状语从句中常用的词,表示主句中的情况与从句中的情况相对立。
让步状语从句though--although
让步状语从句though, although注意:当有though, although时,后面的从句不能有but,但是though 和yet可连用Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard.虽然他很老,但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。
(谚语)典型例题1)___she is young, she knows quite a lot.A. WhenB. HoweverC. AlthoughD. Unless答案:C。
意为虽然她很年轻,却知道许多。
2)as, though 引导的倒装句as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意:a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b.句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。
如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems…虽然他尽了努力,但他的工作总做的不尽人意。
3)ever if, even though.即使We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.4) whether…or-不管……都Whether you believe it or not, it is true.5)no matter +疑问词或疑问词+后缀everNo matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替换:no matter what = whateverno matter who = whoeverno matter when = wheneverno matter where = whereverno matter which = whicheverno matter how = however注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever。
下面对这些连词引导的让步状语从句作一说明。
(1)though, although表示“虽然,纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。
在口语中,though较常使用,although比though 正式,二者都可与yet, still或nevertheless连用,但不能与but连用。
例如:Alhough/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。
Although/Though he is very old, (yet)he is quite strong. 他虽然年纪大了,身体还很健壮。
值得注意的是,although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多,though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。
例如:She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习,考试却及格了。
(2)as, though表示“虽然……但是”,“纵使……”之意。
as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形,though 间或也用于这样的结构中,但although不可以这样用。
例如:Object as you may, I " ll go.(=Though/Although you may object, I " ll go.) 纵使你反对,我也要去。
Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.)尽管他学习很努力,但几乎没取得什么进步。
thoughalthough引起的让步状语从句的倒装句
∙Though, althou gh 的倒装句∙As/Though的倒装句---though/although引起的让步状语从句的倒装句一、名词+as / though+主语+动词King as he was, he was unhapp y. 他虽是国王,但他并不幸福。
Childas he is, he knowsto help other.他虽是个孩子,但却知道帮助别人。
t hing.他虽然是老师,但也不可能什么都懂。
Teache r though he is, he can’t know every【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词,也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。
另外,要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词,即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。
比较:.=Though[Althou gh] he is a boy, he likesto play Boy as [though] he is, he likesto play with girlswith girls.他虽是男孩,却喜欢与女孩子玩。
g the past few Strong man as [though] he is, Genera l Bothahas been severe ly put to the test duringe ly put to the test durin weeks.= Though[Althou gh] he is a strong man, Genera l Bothahas been sever.波赛将军虽然坚强,但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。
the past few weeks二、形容词+as / though+主语+动词Succes sfulas he is,he is not proud.他虽然成功,但不骄傲。
语法重点:让步状语从句学习必须注意的地方
语法重点:让步状语从句学习必须注意的地方
1. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有 although, though, however (=no matter how), even if(即使), whether…or(不论…还是)等连词。
如:
The speech is good, though it could be better. 这次演讲不错,虽然还能够再好一点。
He went out even though it was raining. 即使下雨,他还是出去了。
2. as 也可引导让步状语从句,但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as 前,若提前的是单数可数名词,要省略 a / an。
如:
Teacher as he is, he can’t know everything. 虽然是老师,他也不可能什么都懂。
3. 连词 while 有时也可表示“即使”、“虽然”,引导让步状语从句。
如:
While we don’t agree we continue to be friends. 即使我们意见不同,我们还是朋友。
4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引导让步状语从句。
如:
Don’t lose heart whatever you do. 不管你做什么,都不要灰心。
Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。
注:表示“虽然”的 though, although 不可与 but 连用,但可与yet, still 连用。
让步状语从句用法归纳
SDN让步状语从句让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种,其本身也是状语从句。
一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”,就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”的感觉。
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though,although,while,as; even if,even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever,regardless of+名词/名词短语/名词从句,despite,in spite of。
切记although,though 不可与but连用,但可以与still和yet连用。
⑴though,although表示“虽然,纵然”之意。
这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。
在口语中,though较常使用,although比though正式,二者都可与yet,still或never,the less连用,但不能与but连用。
例如:My will remains firm though I must lower my physical sights.尽管我得降低体育(锻炼)的目标,但我的意志是坚强的。
Though I believe it,yet I must consider.尽管我相信这一点,但我还得考虑考虑。
Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working.虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作。
Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了,身体还很健壮。
值得注意的是,although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多,though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。
例如:She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习,考试却及格了。
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让步状语从句
though, although
注意:当有though, although时,后面的从句不能有but,但是though 和yet可连用Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard.
虽然他很老,但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.
伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。
(谚语)
典型例题
1)___she is young, she knows quite a lot.
A. When
B. However
C. Although
D. Unless
答案:C。
意为虽然她很年轻,却知道许多。
2)as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.
注意:a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b.句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。
如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
= Though he tries hard, he never seems…
虽然他尽了努力,但他的工作总做的不尽人意。
3)ever if, even though.即使
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
4) whether…or-不管……都
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
5)no matter +疑问词或疑问词+后缀ever
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
替换:no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
(错)No matter what you say is of no use now.
(对)Whatever you say is of no use now.
你现在说什么也没用了。
(Whatever you say是主语从句)
(错)Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,
(对)Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。